Abstract: An air/fuel ratio control system for a direct injection spark ignition internal combustion engine which is operated at an ultra-lean burn combustion or at a pre-mixture charged combustion. In the system, a charging efficiency correction coefficient for adjusting a charging efficiency of intake air is determined based at least on the determined desired air/fuel ratio and the form of combustion, and the desired air/fuel ratio is corrected by the coefficient. Then, the output fuel injection amount is determined based at least on the basic fuel injection amount and the corrected desired air/fuel ratio (desired air/fuel ratio correction coefficient). The charging efficiency correction coefficient is determined to be a less value when the engine is operated at the ultra-lean burn combustion than that when the engine is operated at the pre-mixture charged combustion. The coefficient is made different whether or not the operation of EGR is progress.

Abstract: An intake air amount control system for an engine includes a plurality of throttle devices each of which is comprised of a butterfly-type throttle valve rotatably carried in an intake passage body and which are disposed in a pair at two points spaced from each other in a direction perpendicular to rotational axes of the throttle valves. The intake passage bodies of the throttle devices disposed at the two points are connected to each other by at least one connecting member. In such intake air amount control system, bypass air passages are provided on opposed sides of the intake passage bodies forming a pair to extend around the throttle valves, respectively, and air control valves mounted on the opposed sides of the intake passage bodies for controlling the opening degrees of the bypass air passages, respectively. A synchronizing mechanism is disposed between the pair of throttle devices for synchronizing the operations of the air control valves.

Abstract: A compact transmission comprises a first input shaft 1, a second input shaft 2 and a counter shaft 3, which are disposed parallel with one anther.

Abstract: A current monitoring circuit for monitoring a charging/discharging current of a secondary battery that achieves high-precision monitoring and that restricts an increase in the circuit scale. An amplifier amplifies a voltage of a current sense resistor generated by a charging/discharging current under a various amplification degrees. A comparator compares an output voltage of the amplifier with a reference voltage. A controller controls a reference voltage to be supplied to each unit and controls the amplification degree of the amplifier, based on a result of the comparison. An A/D converter A/D converts an output voltage of the amplifier. A numerical-value converter converts a digital value obtained by the conversion of the A/D converter into a numerical value corresponding to a charging/discharging current, under the control of the controller. When an excess current has been detected, a switch is set to a non-conductive state, to thereby disconnect the battery from the external unit.

Abstract: A data switch for network communications includes at least one first data port interface which supports a plurality of data ports which transmit and receive data at a first data rate. At least one second data port interface is provided; the at least one second data port interface supports a plurality of data ports transmitting and receiving data at a second data rate. A CPU interface is provided, with the CPU interface configured to communicate with a CPU. An internal memory is provided, and communicates with the at least one first data port interface and the at least one second data port interface. A memory management unit is provided, and includes an external memory interface for communicating data from at least one of the first data port interface and the second data port interface and an external memory.

Abstract: There is disclosed a mechanism adapted to produce a plurality of different motions of a member affording a point for application of a force comprising: fixed disc means held in a fixed orientation; and at least one moveable disc means adapted to rotate around its origin and around the origin of the fixed disc means under the influence of the applied force; in which: the ratio of the radius of the fixed disc means to the radius of the moveable disc means is 2:1; the position of the point which the force is applied to is radially variable relative to the origin of the moveable disc means; and the moveable disc means is in communication with the fixed disc means so that rotation of the moveable disc means around the origin of the fixed disc means at a frequency f causes rotation of the moveable disc means at a frequency of 2f.

Abstract: A panel-presentation-software creation method for creating a software which provides presentation of plural edit panels by using a template with an image fitting region and an editor-designated fitting image to be fitted in the image fitting region, the method comprises the steps of creating a reference file containing the description of reference information including link information designating each image file containing the fitting image, and creating a panel presentation software at least including a panel presentation program, a template file containing the template, and the reference file.

Abstract: A laser beam transmitted from a laser diode is run for scanning laterally as a transmitted-beam elongated vertically with a lateral width thereof limited. A wave of the transmitted-beam reflected from an object is caught in a beam receiving area which is elongated laterally with a vertical width limited and scanned vertically, and is received by a photo-diode. Even if the vertical width of the transmitted-beam is set at a sufficient large value to absorb an error in the vertical mounting of a radar system, the period of time when the direct sun rays enter the beam receiving area to make the detection impossible can be shortened by vertically scanning the beam receiving area elongated laterally. Thus, the influence of the direct sun rays can be maintained to the minimum to reliably detect the object without need for a precise aiming, excluding the case where the height position of the sun corresponds to the level of the object.

Abstract: In a pantagraph-type jack, a base comprises an upper base member and a lower base member which are connected to each other relatively movably in the vertical direction, inner ends of a pair of lower arms are swingably connected to the upper base member via a pair of lower pivots arranged in the horizontal direction, lower sector gears are formed on the outer peripheries of the inner ends of the two lower arms, and a lower rack which meshes with the lower sector gears is disposed in the vertical direction and secured on the lower base member, and it is arranged such that at the same time as the two lower arms are erected the lower sector gears ascend the lower rack. Thus, the amount of lift of the load bearing platform can be increased without increasing the lengths of the lower arms, the upper arms and the threaded rod.

Abstract: A metal V-belt comprising an endless metal ring member 14 and a plurality of metal element members 10 supported along said metal ring member wherein the clearance between a slot portion S of the metal element members 10 and the endless metal ring member 14 is set larger than the clearance in the thickness direction of the belt between the concave and convex portions of a coupling portion 5 used for linking disposed on the front and rear surfaces of the metal element members 10. This controls damage to the metal ring member caused by contact between the metal ring member outermost periphery of the metal V-belt used in, for example, an infinite variable-speed drive and the metal element members.

Abstract: The favorable responsiveness and the stability of a vehicle is sought to be achieved even under extreme traveling conditions. A yawing moment which a vehicle is desired to produce is computed according to a dynamic state quantity of the vehicle such as the vehicle speed and the cornering force of each of the wheels, and a braking force or a traction which is applied to each of the wheels is individually controlled so as to achieve the computed yawing moment. Therefore, even under conditions where the gripping force of the tires is close to a limit, it is possible to improve the responsiveness and stability of the behavior of the vehicle. Further, by using the sliding mode control, it is possible to improve the stability and the robustness of the control system.

Abstract: A detachable seat for an automobile is disclosed. The detachable seat comprises a seat cushion. A seat leg bracket is mounted to the lower surface of the seat cushion and has two laterally spaced portions. Two front locking units for locking the front portion of the seat to an automobile body are mounted to both sides of the front portion of the seat leg bracket and connected to each other by a front operating link to be operated in conjunction with each other. Two roller locking units are mounted to the front portion of the seat leg bracket to be respectively connected to the front locking units. Two front roller units are mounted to the front portion of the seat leg bracket to be respectively connected to the roller locking units. Two rear locking units are mounted to both sides of the rear portion of the seat leg bracket on the opposite side of the seat leg bracket to the rear roller units and connected to each other by a rear operating link to be operated in conjunction with each other.

Abstract: A network switch for network communications includes a first data port interface supporting a plurality of data ports transmitting and receiving data at a first data rate. A second data port interface supports a plurality of data ports transmitting and receiving data at a second data rate. A CPU interface is configured to communicate with a CPU, and an internal memory communicates with the first data port interface and the second data port interface. A memory management unit is provided, including an external memory interface, for communicating data from at least one of the first data port interface and the second data port interface and an external memory. A communication channel is provided, for communicating data and messaging information between the first data port interface, the second data port interface, the internal memory, and the memory management unit.

Abstract: An optical pickup sending device comprises: an optical pickup for reading information from an information recording medium; a rack member provided in connection with the optical pickup; and a screwed shaft engaged with the rack member for sending the optical pickup along the screwed shaft. In particular, the rack member is formed with a plurality of curved teeth each having a radius of curvature larger than that of the screwed shaft.

Abstract: A system for discriminating degradation of an exhaust purification system of an internal combustion engine having an adsorbent installed at a bypass exhaust gas passage adsorbing unburned HC in exhaust gas generated by the engine. Based on the assumption that the degradation of the adsorbent made from zeolite progresses or advances depending on its temperature, the temperature is detected and if it exceeds a predetermined temperature, an index indicative of the degree of degradation progress is determined based on a surplus exceeding the predetermined temperature. The index is accumulated to be compared with a threshold value and the adsorbent is discriminated to be degraded when the accumulated index exceeds the threshold value, thereby enabling to discriminate the adsorbent degradation accurately with a simple configuration.

Abstract: The labeling of biologically important molecules via a bifunctional chelator can result in the formation of isomers or multiple species, which can have significant impact on the biological properties of the radiopharmaceutical. For receptor-based radiopharmaceuticals, the target uptake is largely dependent on the receptor binding affinity of the targeting molecule and the blood clearance of the labeled molecule, which is determined by the physical properties of both the targeting molecule and the metal chelate. Hence, the presence of isomers for the metal chelate can have significant impact on the radiopharmaceutical. Therefore, in the development of a radiopharmaceutical or metallodrug, it is necessary to separate the isomers and evaluate the biological activities of each individual isomer. It would therefore be desirable to develop chelators that predominately form only a single stereoisomeric species upon coordination to a metal center.

Abstract: A driver circuit is disclosed, capable of performing a stable damping operation with a simple circuit configuration without the need of external regulation and without being influenced by specification changes and variations in load and driver current IO, wherein, in a damping circuit, a diode-connected transistor and a damping current limiting resistor are connected between an NPN transistor with the base thereof controlled by a damping circuit control signal and an output terminal, likewise, in a damping control circuit, the resistance ratio of ON resistance of a PMOS transistor and a resistor relative to ON resistance of a PMOS transistor and a load resistor is set to m times, and a current ratio of a first bias current relative to a driver constant current circuit is set to (1/N) times, and a relation between a damping control signal and a low potential-side voltage at the output terminal is set to &Dgr;Vdo=((m/N)−1)×RDRV×IO<Vbe 7+Vbe 8, thereby preventing a damping malfun

Abstract: A wafer has first and second wafer marks formed thereon, and a mask has first and second mask marks formed thereon. The first and second mask marks are in correspondence with the first and second wafer marks, the first and second mask marks and the first and second wafer marks constituting first and second alignment mark groups. First and second illumination optical system apply illumination light to the first and second alignment mark groups. First and second observation optical systems obtains images formed by scattered light from the first and second alignment mark groups. Optical axes of the first and second observation optical systems are oblique relative to an exposure surface, and the optical axes vertically projected upon the exposure surface cross at a right angle a straight line interconnecting the first and second wafer marks. A controller detects a size of the wafer and mask in accordance with images obtained by the first and second observation optical systems.

Abstract: A magnetic recording apparatus has a magnetic head for writing data to a magnetic disk, a writing circuit for feeding a current to the magnetic head, a controller for controlling the operation of the writing circuit, and a temporary shutoff circuit for shutting off the current temporarily while the operation of the controller is in a transient period. The writing circuit has a first transistor, which is connected to the magnetic head. The temporary shutoff circuit has a second transistor so as to temporarily deactivate and thereafter activate the first transistor when electric power starts being supplied by pulling into the second transistor the transient current resulting from variation in the base voltage of the second transistor as a result of the parasitic capacitor present at the base of the second transistor being charged when electric power starts being supplied.