Abstract: A peeling layer (13) and semiconductor thin film (20a) are formed on a first substrate (11), individual support materials (19) are formed thereupon, grooves (23) penetrating the semiconductor thin film and reaching the peeling layer (13) are formed in the semiconductor thin film (20a) by etching using the individual support materials (19) as a mask so as to divide the semiconductor thin film (20a) into a plurality of semiconductor thin film pieces (20) and form a plurality of assemblies of the semiconductor thin film pieces (20) and the individual support materials (19) fixed thereto, the semiconductor thin film pieces (20) are separated from the first substrate (11) while the individual support materials (19) remain fixed to the semiconductor thin film pieces (20), and they are then affixed to a second substrate (31). The invention facilitates handling of semiconductor thin film pieces.

Abstract: A semiconductor element in which the hydrogen-induced degradation of ferroelectric characteristics can be controlled includes a hydrogen penetration prevention film 400 for preventing hydrogen from penetrating into a ferroelectric film is formed above top electrodes 28. The width of the hydrogen penetration prevention film 400 in the direction orthogonal to a specific direction in which the top electrodes 28 are arranged in a parallel manner is set to be equal to or greater than the maximum width of the top electrodes 28 in the orthogonal direction. The hydrogen penetration prevention film 400 is used as a main WL that connects sub-WL drivers 60a and a main WL driver 60b extended in the same direction as the specific direction in the which the top electrodes 28 are aligned parallel to each other in a peripheral circuit 60.

Abstract: A light emitting diode (LED) module illuminates under application of an electrical current for use in an electrical device as a light source. The LED module includes a plurality of epitaxy chips, an electrode set, and a substrate having good electrical insulation and good heat dissipation. The epitaxy chips, formed by cutting an epitaxy wafer, are mounted on the substrate. The LED module has good heat dissipation properties, thereby improving its illumination performance. The electrodes are arranged so that the illuminating area of the LED module is not shielded and can achieve full-area illumination through a large illumination area.

Abstract: A Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) with retractable stylus comprises a retractable stylus, a housing, a stylus slot, and a push portion, wherein a contact pad is attached to the inner side of the push portion. The retractable stylus comprises a pen shaft having a release button, a pen body having an opening, and a spring situated inside the pen body. When an external force is applied to the pen shaft downward, the spring is compressed until the opening holding the release button; thus, the stylus is shortened. When the release button is set free from the opening, the spring elasticity ejects the pen shaft upward; thus, the stylus returns to the full-length condition. If the stylus is kept in the stylus slot, an external force applied to the push portion can make the contact pad press the release button; so the pen shaft is ejected upward by spring elasticity.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate which has a main surface, a back surface, and a through hole. The semiconductor device also includes an insulating film formed on an inner wall of the through hole, a conductive member provided on the insulating film within the through hole, an external terminal provided above the main surface, and a wiring portion connected to the external terminal. The semiconductor device also includes an encapsulating layer which covers the main surface and the wiring portion except for a portion to which the external terminal is connected. A side surface of the encapsulating layer is formed inside a side surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A rotatable display fixing module is described. The rotatable display fixing module has a first rotational device, a second rotational device, a fixing switch and an auxiliary fixing stud. The first rotational device rotatably connects with a display and the second rotational device. The fixing switch and the auxiliary fixing stud rebound up to fix the second rotational device at predetermined angles and the auxiliary fixing stud passes through a fixing hole on a rotational element of the second rotational device. The display can therefore rotate on the first rotational device only. When the fixing switch and the auxiliary fixing stud are pressed, the display can rotate on the first rotational device and the second rotational device.

Abstract: A semiconductor apparatus includes a semiconductor device to be mounted on a circuit board; a plurality of conductive posts electrically connected to the semiconductor device; and a plurality of conductive bumps each provided on an outer end of each of the conductive posts, so that the plurality of conductive bump is soldered onto the circuit board when the semiconductor device is mounted on the circuit board. A distance between a peripheral edge of the semiconductor device and an outer edge of the conductive post is determined to be narrow so that a solderbility or wetting condition of the conductive bumps can be visibly recognized easily.

Abstract: A bidirectional bus driver includes a first buffer which supplies the data signal to the second bus when the first control signal is enabled; a second buffer which supplies the data signal to the first bus when the first control signal is enabled; a first control; a second control; a third buffer which supplies a signal in the second bus to the first bus when the second control signal is enabled; and a fourth buffer which supplies a signal in the first bus to the second bus when the third control signal is enabled. The first control circuit enables the second control signal when a signal transition is detected in the second bus while the first control signal is not enabled; and the second control circuit enables the third control signal when a signal transition is detected in the first bus while the first control signal is not enabled.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a light-emitting semiconductor device has light-emitting elements separated by isolation trenches, preferably on two sides of each light-emitting element. The device may be fabricated by forming a single band-shaped diffusion region, then forming trenches that divide the diffusion region into multiple regions, or by forming individual diffusion regions and then forming trenches between them. The trenches prevent overlap between adjacent light-emitting elements, regardless of their junction depth, enabling a high-density array to be fabricated while maintaining adequate junction depth.

Abstract: A microwave plasma processing apparatus is provided, which includes a microwave generator, a plasma promoter, a microwave plasma processing chamber, a vacuum gas-discharging chamber, and a loading elevator, wherein microwave produced from the microwave generator is gradually transformed into a desirable mode through the use of a microwave coupling resonator, and processing gas supplied by a gas supply system is evenly introduced via slantwise gas outlets of an annular gas distribution panel into the microwave processing chamber. The microwave is used to induce the processing gas to form a plasma sphere in the microwave plasma processing chamber; by reducing pressure in the microwave plasma processing chamber via the vacuum gas-discharging chamber, a vapor deposition process can be performed on a sample disposed on a sample holder of the loading elevator.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing drum, a developing roller, a toner-supplying roller, and a controller. The developing roller deposits toner to an electrostatic latent image formed on the image bearing drum. The toner-supplying roller is spaced a distance in the range of 0.05 to 1.0 mm from the developing roller and supplies toner to the developing roller. The controller applies a first voltage to the developing roller and a second voltage to the toner-supplying roller. The difference between the first voltage and the second voltage is greater than 130 volts and lower than a voltage above which electrical discharge occurs across the developing member and the toner-supplying roller. The toner-supplying roller has a surface with ridges and valleys formed therein, which extend in a longitudinal direction of the toner-supplying roller. The ridges have a height in the range of 10 to 1000 ?m.

Abstract: A facsimile machine detects transition points in image data, and adjusts the image data accordingly. Preferably, the image data are run-length data, from which image margins are detected, and the image data are adjusted to avoid overflow of printing margins. The adjustment may include horizontal repositioning and zooming. In zooming, an offset is preferably added to avoid moire patterns.

Abstract: A storage medium administration apparatus is electrically connected to a computer. The storage medium administration apparatus has a plurality of child storage modules. The structure and function of the child storage modules are described as follows: a switch sends a message to a computer for modifying record status when it switches; a latch locks and unlocks the storage medium by a command from the computer; and a spring pushes the storage medium which is unlocked by the latch.

Abstract: A selfaligned process for a flash memory comprises applying a solution with a high etch selectivity to etch the sidewall of the tungsten silicide in the gate structure of the flash memory during a clean process before forming a spacer for the gate structure. This process prevents the gate structure from degradation caused by thermal stress.

Abstract: A device and method for capturing a biological tissue, comprises cutting a minute biological cellular tissue using a contactless cutting apparatus, wherein, by inverting a biological tissue slide provided with a sample thereon, and after cutting a cellular tissue profile using said contactless cutting apparatus, an impact lever moving mechanism applies from up to down a proper impact force or vibration force onto the target area thus cut, and thereby render said cellular tissue specimen thus captured dropping exactly through a tissue sampling hole into a sampling mortar located therebelow so as to achieve the object of capturing the desired minute biological cellular tissue.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle system comprises an engine (1), a gearbox (4), a clutch (3) for engaging or disengaging the gearbox (4) with or from the engine (1), a rotating machine (2), a power transmission mechanism (5) for transmitting the rotation of the rotating machine (2) to the gearbox, and a capacitor (7) for storing electric power supplied from the rotating machine (2). A control unit (20) computes the drive force required by the vehicle, and determines the portion of output to be produced by the rotating machine (2) according to the stored energy in the capacitor (7) and the portion of output to be produced by the engine (1) so that the drive force requirement may be satisfied. The outputs from the rotating machine (2) and the engine (1) are controlled to obtain the determined portions of output, and a clutch (3) is then engaged.

Abstract: A method for packet transmission of multimedia data in a network is provided. The method is used for transmitting a group of pictures (GOP) including a plurality of frames, wherein each frame includes a plurality of packets, and the plurality of frames are of N types of frame. The method includes the following steps. (a) Set i to one, where i is a positive integer. (b) Form an i-th transmission sequence by arranging the packets of the i-th type of frame. (c) Form an (i+1)-th transmission sequence by putting the packets of the (i+1)-th type of frame between packets of the i-th transmission sequence consecutively. (d) Increment i by one. (e) Repeat steps (c) to (d) until i is equal to N. (f) Transmit the N-th transmission sequence.

Abstract: An unlocking mechanism adopted for use on retention module holder, which have a fastening stand and a locking member pivotally engaged with the fastening stand in a turn able manner. The fastening stand is for holding radiators. The locking member may be located at a latched position and a release position for latching and separating from the radiators respectively under the control of the unlocking mechanism.

Abstract: Disclosed is a bending control mechanism for an endoscope according to the invention, which is characterized in that the bending control mechanism includes a bending portion provided in an insertion portion of the endoscope; a bending wire extended out from the bending portion in order to control the bending portion; a pulley as made operable in link with a bending control lever through the shaft portion of the pulley, the bending control lever being provided in the control portion of the endoscope; a driving wire winding groove as spirally formed on the outer peripheral surface of the pulley as well as in the peripheral direction of the pulley; a driving wire wound around the driving wire winding groove of the pulley; a connection member connecting the driving wire with the bending wire; and a guide member provided in the control portion and including a connection member slidably mounted thereon, wherein in the state where the most driving wire is would round the pulley, a relative position between the pulle