Abstract: An apparatus for operating a hydraulic machine having a Francis type runner provided with a multi-stage seal between the inner peripheral surface of the runner and the stationary part. The apparatus has a water extracting pipe opening at its one end to one of the seal stages of the multi-stage seal and to a draft tube at its other end. A valve disposed in the water extracting pipe is adapted to be opened when the water head has become greater than a predetermined level during the pumping operation of the hydraulic machine.

Abstract: There is provided polychromatic X-ray source used in a polychromatic X-ray diffraction apparatus, in which polychromatic X-rays are cast upon a sample to be analyzed, the energies of the X-rays diffracted from the crystallographic planes of the sample are measured and the physical properties of the sample are detected on the basis of the measured energies. The polychromatic X-ray source has a container made of radiation shielding material and having an X-ray outlet channel and the container contains therein a radionuclide for emitting radioactive rays and a substance for scattering and absorbing the radioactive rays emitted from the substance so as to obtain polychromatic X-rays. The polychromatic X-rays emitted from the substance travel through the X-ray outlet channel and are then made parallel through a Soller slit to be cast upon the sample. A slide door is provided in the channel so as to block the polychromatic X-rays if necessary.

Abstract: Reciprocating drive means powered by a fluid such as compressed air comprising an elongate inner member with a plurality of passageways therein, an outer member slidable on the inner member and a shuttle member slidable with respect to the inner member and within the outer member, the passageways in the inner member being variously and intermittently so connected in use to each other by way of ports in the inner member and compartments provided within the outer member and the shuttle that, upon connection of a determined one of said passageways to a fluid pressure source the outer member moves with reciprocating action with respect to the inner member.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for removing suspended matter, organic matter, foaming matter and nitrogen compounds in sewage and to an apparatus for the method.The suspended matter and the organic matter are removed by means of first fine bubbles and the foaming matter is removed by means of second bubbles having a larger bubble average diameter. The sewage treated by the first and second bubbles passes through a bed of porous adsorbent polarized by the feed of current, so that nitrogen compounds and the organic matter remained in the sewage are adsorbed and removed. It is also provided with a step for removing the suspended matter and the organic matter remained in the sewage by means of third fine bubbles before transferring the sewage to the bed of adsorbent.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for automatically controlling arc welding, wherein pieces of optical information provided by at least two bands of different wavelengths of light radiated from a weld area being arc-welded under predetermined welding conditions are alternately picked up by an optical device to extract various weld factors representing the actual status of the weld area from these pieces of optical information, and the extracted weld factors representing the actual status of the weld area are compared with the desired values of the weld factors representing the desired status of the weld area to compute the error or errors of the welding conditions, so that the welding conditions can be corrected on the basis of the detected error or errors of the welding conditions, whereby the weld factors can be controlled to the desired values.

Abstract: A rotary vane type evaporator has a cylindrical vessel and a rotor rotatable therein. The rotor has vane supports fixed to a rotor shaft and vanes each pivotally mounted at the radially inner end to a vane support and having a radially outer end connected with a shoe extending in the circumferential direction of the vessel. Each vane is provided with a balance weight acting to keep constant, irrespective of the wear of the shoe, the pressing force which urges the shoe against the vessel inner peripheral surface. The rotor vanes are disposed in a plurality of stages arranged in axial direction of the rotor. The rotor is so constructed as to uniformalize the wear of the vane shoes over all the stages, whereby the frequency of the interruption of the evaporator operation for the renewal of vanes is lowered to improve the rate of the operation of the evaporator.

Abstract: Material such as panels, boards, and flexible sheets are produced and processed while passing between two or more surfaces at least one of which has a thin layer of pressurized fluid in direct contact with the product. While in this process zone, the item is shaped, coated, smoothed, textured, heated, cooled, compressed, dried, and/or impregnated. For example, expandable resin is deposited in a continuously formed bag of upper and lower sheet material so that the resin may expand and cure as it is drawn in through a fixed rigid mold having upper and lower (and perhaps side) porous material walls through which pressurized fluid is passed to provide a fluid bearing support and molding surface. The temperature, pressure and flow of the fluid is monitored and controlled separately at spaced locations along the length of the mold to control curing rate, foaming rate, surface characteristics and resistance of material moving through the mold.

Abstract: The runners of the intake manifold between the fuel-air mixture device and the valve ports of the head of an internal combustion enginer are tuneable to a particular engine speed range automatically by means of a pivotal mount for a wall portion of the runner in combination with a spring urging the runner wall portion towards the central axis of the runner to correspondingly decrease and increase the flow through cross sectional area along the runner in response to a decrease and increase, respectively, of the engine speed. The spring force may be separately adjustable.

Abstract: A refining process of a hot gas such as coal gas containing hydrogen sulfide and ammonia comprises steps of contacting the hot gas with a first catalyst comprising iron oxide to remove hydrogen sulfide, and then contacting the hot gas with a second catalyst comprising reduced iron made by reducing iron oxide prior to introducing the hot gas into the catalyst to remove ammonia. The refining process further includes steps of temperature adjustment of the gas directing to the first and second catalyst and the removal of hydrogen sulfide remaining in the hot gas after the removal of the ammonia with a third catalyst comprising iron oxide.

Abstract: A continuous casting apparatus includes a mold defined by a pair of side plates in a curved shape or ring-shaped rotary members and a pair of endless belts. One of the belts is inscribed in the side plates or the ring-shaped rotary members. The other belt is circumscribed with the side plates or the ring-shaped rotary members. The belts rotate in synchronism with the cast piece. On the rear surfaces of the belts, there are provided means for supporting and cooling the mold and cast piece.

Abstract: An electron beam welding apparatus is provided with a magnetic shielding pipe for preventing electron beams emitted from being deflected by stray magnetic fields, and a removing device for removing metal deposit accumulated on a tip portion of the magnetic shielding pipe, which tip portion faces to a weld formed by welding of materials to be welded. The removing device is provided with at least a pair of shutters which move along a tip face of the tip portion to prevent the metal deposit from accumulating on the tip portion. The pair of shutters provides in their central portion a hole for passing electron beams therethrough when they are closed so that welding can continue irrespectively of the movement of the shutters.

Abstract: Circuit arrangements for the control of a bistable relay having a capacitor connected in series with the relay coil. The series connection of the coil and the capacitor is connected to an excitation voltage for actuating the relay and simultaneous charging of the capacitor. When the excitation voltage is removed, the series connection is short-circuited through a semiconductor switch, whereby the capacitor is discharged and the relay switched back to its initial position. The bistable relay is thus operated as monostable relay.

Abstract: A method of operating a hydraulic turbine in which, when the hydraulic turbine is operated so as to shift the load from the watered condition at guide vanes closed to the generating operation area in a condition that the runner rotates in the turbine rotating direction, the hydraulic machine is temporarily disconnected from the electric power system thereby to decrease the revolution per minute and to allow the load to smoothly shift from the motoring operation to the power generation operation in the version of the hydraulic machine characteristic, and under this condition, the guide vane is gradually opened to set the revolution per minute to a given value, and then the hydraulic machine is recoupled with the electric power system for gaining the load.

Abstract: The invention concerns a remote-controlled submersible drogue of the type used for carrying probes for marine research. The drogue is connected by a towrope or cable to a towing craft and comprises a lifting body which has a cross sectional shape which is dynamically stabilizing. In addition, the drogue includes a static stabilizer comprising a flat plate extending downwardly and rearwardly from the lifting body and the towrope is arranged to be attached at the tip of the front end of the drogue.

Abstract: An electrically conductive metal is arranged within a passage for sodium having leaked, and the temperature change of the electrically conductive metal attributed to the heat of vaporization of which the sodium mist deprives the electrically conductive metal upon contact with the latter and subsequent vaporization is detected. The temperature change of the electrically conductive metal is detected in the form of a change in the current or voltage conducting property, and current corresponding to the temperature change is fed back to the electrically conductive metal. The change of the conducting property is taken out as a pulse signal, and a value proportional to the weight of a sodium mist particle is detected from the magnitude of the signal. Further, a value proportional to the weight of the whole mist is detected by the pulse height analysis. The leakage of the sodium is decided by comparing the value of the weight of the whole mist with a predetermined value.

Abstract: Circuit arrangements for the control of a bistable relay having a capacitor connected in series with its excitation winding, in which the series connection of coil and capacitor is connected to excitation voltage for the excitation of the relay and simultaneous charging of the capacitor, and, upon absence of excitation voltage, is short-circuitable through a semiconductor switch having its output circuit parallel-connected with the series connection of coil and capacitor, whereby the relay switches back to its starting position.

Abstract: A chimney cap for closing and venting, selectively, the upper end of the chimney is manually controlled by means of chains or the like from a combustion area, particularly a fireplace, through counterweights and pulleys. Automatic control is determined by a smoke, heat, or incipient fire detector that will operate a hold relay to produce a signal split between a reset timer and double-throw, double-pull switch that is in turn operated by the position of the cap to operate a reversible motor for movement of the cap to its upper vented position upon the detection of combustion products within the chimney. Movement of the cap to its upper position will shield the detector and other electronics from combustion products, and after a timed period, the reset timer will actuate the motor to move the cap to its closed position where it will remain unless the detector again detects the presence of combustion products.

Abstract: A method of controlling the wicket gates of a pump-turbine having in the turbine operation area S-section where discharge per unit head and torque per unit head reduce with the reduction of speed per unit head. The pump-turbine is incorporated in a hydraulic system together with at least one of other pump-turbines. A penstock includes a plurality of pipelines each extending from the upstream side of each of the pump-turbines, while a tailrace includes a plurality of pipelines each extending from the downstream side of each of the pump-turbines; and at least one of the upstream ends of the pipelines of the penstock and the downstream ends of the pipelines of the tailrace are connected to a common pipeline. Upon sudden removal of load from the pump-turbine having the S-section, the wicket gates are closed at an earlier timing so that the hydraulic pressure in the penstock may reach the maximum value before the pump-turbine initiates to operate in the S-section.

Abstract: A conveying and supporting surface is provided with a plurality of coanda effect nozzles for providing a directional film of gas along the surface to support and/or convey a plurality of articles, in indefinite length web, or material along the surface. The directional coanda effect nozzles will produce a conveying film of gas and a film of gas that will produce a suction spaced from the surface to hold the articles closely adjacent the surface while at the same time produce an air bearing to prevent the articles or web material from contacting the surface.