Abstract: A communication system, such as a wireless CDMA system, detects markers with fewer errors by having field units transmit the markers at different power levels (e.g., 9 dB for one marker and 11 dB for another marker). The difference in power levels of the markers allows the base station to identify the request markers using alternative criteria with a low probability of error, where the alternative criteria may include comparing the markers to respective energy level thresholds, monitoring occupancy of time slots, occupancy of mutually exclusive code channels, or combinations thereof. For example, in one particular embodiment, a request marker, which is generally a high priority marker, is transmitted with higher power, which improves the probability of detection and reduces the probability of false detection of the request marker.

Abstract: A video connection is established using cameras which are able to be remotely controlled by a distant viewer. A local radio link is established between a telephony device such as a cellular telephone or other wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU). A distant viewer connected through a telephone link can use a video image screen to view the camera image and can use the telephone link to control the operation of the camera.

Abstract: A user equipment or base station recovers data from a plurality of data signals received as a received vector. The user equipment determines data of the received vector by determining a Cholesky factor of an N by N matrix and using the determined Cholesky factor in forward and backward substitution to determine data of the received data signals. The user equipment or base station comprises an array of at most N scalar processing elements. The array has input for receiving elements from the N by N matrix and the received vector. Each scalar processing element is used in determining the Cholesky factor and performs forward and backward substitution. The array outputs data of the received vector.

Abstract: A method system and components for outer loop power control particularly useful for non-real time/real time data services uses data transmitted in many bursts of short duration, called Temp-DCH allocations. A target metric, preferably, target SIR, is adjusted with differing step up and step down levels to converge on a relatively low steady state level of step up and step down target metric adjustments. The initial target SIR and the transient step size for target SIR adjustment is determined in a dynamic way in the outer loop power control for each Temp-DCH allocation of non-real time data.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mass measurement system and method capable of precisely measuring the mass of a sample in a gravity-free environment.

Abstract: A system and a method for detecting and rewarding the return of supermarket carts or luggage carts taken from a cart stand. Each cart is provided with a contactless, preferably optically identifiable, individual mark, by which the cart is identified when it is returned to a cart stand. In addition, the identifying mark on the cart changes when the cart is brought back to the cart stand, from an active state, in which the mark can be identified, to a passive state, in which the mark cannot be identified, or vice-versa. In addition to the presence of a returned cart, the invention enables the correct positioning of a cart in a row of nested carts to be identified in a contactless and automatic manner.

Abstract: A cold cathode flat fluorescent lamp and a driving method for a cold cathode flat fluorescent lamp are provided. The cold cathode flat fluorescent lamp includes a lamp, a transformer and a full-bridge circuit. The lamp has at least a first electrode having a first voltage and a second electrode having a second voltage. The transformer has a primary side and a secondary side, and the full-bridge circuit is used for driving the lamp. In addition, the transformer is connected to the lamp on the secondary side and is connected to the full-bridge circuit on the primary side.

Abstract: Method and Apparatus for making more efficient use of air link resources and network capacity in a mobile telecommunications system in which unauthorized and/or unsupported media types transmitted in a session initialization protocol (SIP) message sent from one equipment user (UE) to another are deleted by the network(s) as the SIP message is routed through the system.

Abstract: A method for selecting a transport format combination (TFC) in a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) is disclosed. The WTRU is configured to process more than one coded composite transport channel (CCTrCH) for uplink transmission. The WTRU estimates a transmit power for each of a plurality of available TFCs and selects a TFC for each CCTrCH such that the sum of the estimated WTRU transmit power for selected TFCs is within a maximum WTRU transmit power.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for estimating and reporting the quality of a wireless communication channel between a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) and a Node-B. A modulated signal is received from the Node-B over the communication channel and a channel estimation is performed on the modulated signal to provide a channel estimate. In one embodiment, the modulated signal is demodulated based on the channel estimate to provide a demodulated signal and a signal-to-interference (SIR) estimate based on the demodulated signal is obtained. The quality of the communication channel is estimated based on at least the SIR estimate. In an alternate embodiment, a SIR estimate based on the channel estimate is obtained. The quality of the communication channel is estimated based on the SIR estimate and additional information including at least one of delay spread, transmit power and WTRU velocity information.

Abstract: A self-tapping screw having a boring part and a threaded shaft for fixing a panel-type object to a preferably metallic substructure is provided. The screw is configured in such a way that it produces a through hole in the panel type object, said hole accommodating the shaft with a degree of play and so that it produces a bore in the substructure into which the thread on the shaft cuts a counter-thread. The boring part includes a boring tip that is located eccentrically in relation to the longitudinal axis of the screw. The tip centers the screw during the positioning operation in such a way that the boring part executes a circular displacement about the boring tip, which expands the through hole to the desired size, whereas the bore in the substructure is produced with the diameter of the boring part.

Abstract: The proposed soft-switching DC/DC converter includes: a basic non-isolated DC/DC converter having an inductor, and an auxiliary switch module including: an auxiliary switch having a first terminal electrically connected to a first terminal of the inductor, a second terminal, and a control terminal, a resonant inductor having a first terminal electrically connected to the second terminal of the auxiliary switch, a resonant diode having a cathode electrically connected to a second terminal of the resonant inductor and an anode electrically connected to a second terminal of the inductor, and a main switch. A driving signal is input to the control terminals of the main and the auxiliary switches from a driving circuit to switch the main and the auxiliary switches at a zero-voltage and a zero-current so as to have zero switching loss respectively.

Abstract: A system and a method of controlling transmitter power in a wireless communication system in which user data is processed as a multirate signal having a rate N(t) and in which the user data signal having rate N(t) is converted into a transmission data signal having a faster rate M(t) for transmission. The transmission power is adjusted on a relatively slow basis based on quality of data received by a receiver of the transmitted data. The transmitter power is determined as a function of N(t)/M(t) such that a change in the data rate in the multiple channels or the rate of the transmission data signal is compensated in advance of a quality of data based adjustment associated with such data rate change. Preferably, the user data signal having rate N(t) is converted into the transmission data signal having the faster rate M(t) by repeating selected data bits whereby the energy per bit to noise spectrum density ratio is increased in the transmission data signal.

Abstract: The present invention provides a wavelength-convertible LED which has first and second surfaces, including first and second conductivity-type cladding layers and an active layer formed between the first and second conductivity-type cladding layers to emit a specific wavelength light. The invention also includes at least a piezoelectric layer on at least one of the first and second surfaces of the semiconductor LED with its thickness variable according to the applied voltage, and a rigid frame made of substantially non-resilient rigid material surrounding the semiconductor LED and the at least one piezoelectric layer such that the increase of the thickness of the piezoelectric layer is applied to the semiconductor LED as pressure. The invention further includes a plurality of terminals on the rigid frame, connected to the first and second conductivity-type cladding layers, and the piezoelectric layer.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus, which can increase capacity in a cellular communication system or Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), such as an 802.11 network, operates in conjunction with a mobile subscriber unit or client station. At least one antenna element is active and located within multiple passive antenna elements. The passive antenna elements are coupled to selectable impedance components for phase control of re-radiated RF signals. Various techniques for determining the phase of each antenna element are supported to enable the antenna apparatus to direct an antenna beam pattern toward a base station or access point with maximum gain, and, consequently, maximum signal-to-noise ratio. By directionally receiving and transmitting signals, multipath fading is greatly reduced as well as intercell interference.

Abstract: A transmission device for two or more shafts is provided having two first cylindrical sleeves which are connected to the first shaft and can be mechanically coupled or uncoupled with two second cylindrical sleeves connected to the second shaft or to a third shaft aligned with the second shaft, by tightening or loosening, respectively, two helical springs arranged in a substantially coaxial manner astride these cylindrical sleeves. Two control collars are mechanically coupled with two tubular members, so that the mutual translation of the control collars with respect to the tubular members also causes their mutual rotation, the ends of the helical springs being arranged into seats made in the control collars and in the tubular members so that their mutual rotation tightens or loosens the coils of the helical springs, thereby causing the coupling or the uncoupling, respectively, between the first cylindrical sleeves and the second cylindrical sleeves.

Abstract: The present invention includes a radio access network and a method for sending a multimedia broadcasts/multicast services (MBMS) using channel switching. The channel switching is between dedicated and shared/common channels. The invention also includes MBMS reception scheduling for use when a wireless transmit/receive device receives an MBMS service from multiple transmission sources. The sources transmitting the MBMS service data in differing orders. One embodiment uses in band segmentation information and another embodiment uses out of band synchronization information.

Abstract: A method of implementing a fast dynamic channel allocation escape procedure in a wireless communication system includes a pre-code allocation procedure, a signal-independent code allocation procedure, and a post-code allocation procedure. The pre-code allocation procedure receives and processes a measurement trigger signal, retrieves system measurements from a centralized database, and determines physical resources to be reassigned. The code allocation procedure checks the availability of a code set in the cell and generates timeslot sequences for the available timeslots. A code set is assigned to the available timeslots in a timeslot sequence, wherein a successful assignment is a solution. The interference signal code power (ISCP) is calculated for each solution and the solution having the lowest weighted ISCP is selected as an optimal solution. The post-code allocation procedure stores the reallocation information in the centralized database and creates a physical channel reconfiguration request message.

Abstract: A multi-axial seamed base fabric is provided that is formed from a spirally wound fabric strip having a width less than an overall width of the fabric that is joined together along neighboring adjacent edges of the strip to form a fabric tube. The fabric strip includes a plurality of generally linearly extending vertically stacked pairs of machine direction (MD) warp yarns interwoven with cross-machine direction (CMD) weft yarns in a repeat pattern which maintains the vertically stacked alignment of the paired MD warp yarns. The fabric tube includes an upper layer and a lower layer formed from the spirally wound fabric strip that are adjacent to one another in the base fabric.