Abstract: 3-Chloro-3-methyl-butane-1,4-dial-bis-acetals and 3-methyl-but-2-ene-1,4-dial-bis-acetals are obtained by reacting a six-membered cyclic acetal of 3-methyl-but-3-en-1-al with an alkyl nitrite in the presence of methanol and hydrogen chloride and, if desired, eliminating HCl in the conventional manner.The butanedial-bis-acetals and butenedial-bis-acetals are valuable intermediates through which the trans-3-methyl-but-2-ene-1,4-dial-1-acetals, which are sought-after products for terpene syntheses, can be obtained in an industrially particularly advantageous manner.

Abstract: To prepare light-stable polyurethane integral skin foams, especially soft integral foams, aliphatic and/or cycloaliphatic polyisocyanates, both categories preferably containing urethane groups and/or biuret groups, are reacted with polyols in the presence of blowing agents and of a synergistic catalyst combination comprising an alkali metal hydroxide, alkali metal alcoholate, alkali metal phenolate, alkali metal salt of a weak acid and/or hexahydrotriazine derivative and an organic tin, zinc and/or iron(II) compound, in the presence or absence of assistants and adjuvants.The preferred catalyst combination is tri-(dimethylaminopropyl)-s-hexahydrotriazine and dibutyl-tin dilaurate.

Abstract: In a process for the preparation of dimethyl butanedicarboxylates, wherein(a) butadiene or a hydrocarbon mixture containing butadiene is reacted with carbon monoxide and methanol in the presence of a tertiary nitrogen base and a cobalt carbonyl catalyst at from 80.degree. to 150.degree. C. under superatmospheric pressure,(b) the greater part of the tertiary nitrogen base and any excess hydrocarbons are removed and(c) the methyl pentenoate thus obtained is reacted with carbon monoxide and methanol, in the presence of a cobalt carbonyl catalyst and the residual amount of tertiary nitrogen base, at from 140.degree. to 200.degree. C. under superatmospheric pressure, to give the dimethyl butanedicarboxylate, the improvement that the reaction mixture obtained in stage (a) after reaction of the butadiene is cooled until it separates into two phases, and a part-stream of from 20 to 80% by volume of the lower phase is recycled to stage (a).

Abstract: Improved transparent iron oxide pigments having increased color strength are achieved through the incorporation of fluoride with the crystals or particles of the iron oxide. These pigments may be prepared by the process which comprises reacting an aqueous solution of a water-soluble iron salt with an alkaline precipitating agent wherein a fluoride salt is added to the solution or to the reaction product.

Abstract: Insecticidal agents containing insecticidal active ingredients selected from the group consisting of carbamates, phosphoric (phosphonic) (di)(thio) acid esters, pyrethrins, pyrethroids, .alpha.-alkylphenyl acetates, .alpha.-cyclopropyl-phenyl acetates and chlorinated hydrocarbons, and, to increase the insecticidal action of these active ingredients, triazole derivatives or salts thereof.The triazole derivatives have the formula ##STR1## where R denotes unsubstituted or halogen-substituted phenyl, or ##STR2## Y denoting hydrogen, halogen, alkylmercapto of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkenylmercapto of 2 to 6 carbon atoms, or unsubstituted or halogen-substituted phenylmercapto, X denoting halogen, and n denoting one of the integers zero, 1 and 2, with the proviso that n does not denote zero when Y is halogen.

Abstract: Novel coated catalysts and a process for their preparation by atomizing a mixture of water and a vanadium-V compound, with or without other metal compounds, and applying this mixture to carrier particles which are themselves in motion, drying the coating and subjecting the catalyst particles, which are themselves in motion, to repeated brief treatment with a flame or plasma, followed by rapid cooling, defined temperatures and rates of coating being employed. The catalysts may be used with advantage for the preparation of anthraquinones by oxidation of indans.

Abstract: Novel N-substituted 2,6-dialkylanilines and process for the preparation of N-substituted 2,6-dialkylanilines by reaction of 2,6-dialkylanilines with carbonyl compounds, followed by catalytic hydrogenation with hydrogen. The products are starting materials for the preparation of dyes and pesticides.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of an indolenine of the formula ##STR1## where R, X and Y are conventional substituents, by thermal rearrangement of a compound of the formula ##STR2## to give a compound of the formula ##STR3## and cyclization of this compound in the presence of an acid catalyst.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for the treatment of the recording surface of magnetic recording media using consecutively arranged units for burnishing, cleaning and calendering the web of plastics film provided with a magnetic coating. The process and apparatus of the invention are particularly suitable for the manufacture of magnetic tapes for the recording and playback of video signals.

Abstract: Films obtained from paints based on conventional aqueous polymer dispersions exhibit improved wet adhesion to alkyd resin-coated substrates and improved blocking resistance if the paints contain polyglycidylamines which carry 2 or more glycidyl groups which are bonded to hydrogen-free nitrogens.

Abstract: A pigment formulation which comprises (a) a finely divided organic pigment and (b) one or more urea derivatives of the formula K--(NH--CO--NH--R).sub.2, where R is C.sub.12 -C.sub.18 -alkyl, C.sub.12 -C.sub.18 -alkenyl, C.sub.8 -C.sub.18 -alkoxypropyl or --(CH.sub.2).sub.3 --O--(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.n --R.sup.1, R.sup.1 is C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 -alkyl or phenyl, n is 1, 2, 3 or 4 and K is 1,5-naphthylene or 4,4'-diphenylenemethane, with or without (c) up to 5% by weight, based on (a and b), of agents conventionally present in pigment formulations.In binder solutions, the pigment formulations give printing inks and paints possessing excellent tinctorial properties.Some of the compounds (b) prevent the conversion of .alpha.-copper phthalocyanine to the .beta.-modification.

Abstract: High molecular weight products based on N-vinylpyrrolidone, in which blocks of vinylpyrrolidone polymers or vinylpyrrolidone copolymers are linked by connecting units carrying ester, amide, urethane or urea groups, as a result of which these high molecular weight products are biodegradable and may be used as plasma substitutes, and the plasma substitutes thus obtained.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of a bifunctional catalyst for the conversion of hydrocarbons, which contains a crystalline aluminosilicate of the type of the Y-zeolites as the acidic component and a noble metal as the hydrogenation component. The process constitutes a technologically simple way of manufacturing bifunctional zeolite catalysts which have at least the same activity and the same life as the catalysts manufactured by conventional methods, coupled with great heat stability and exhibit activity in the presence of H.sub.2 O, H.sub.2 S and NH.sub.3 at relatively high temperatures.

Abstract: A process for the electrical insulation of wire by enamelling, using aqueous dispersions which are applied thereto by means of applicator rollers. The thickness of the dispersion coating on the wire can be varied by merely suitably selecting the circumferential speed of the applicator rollers.

Abstract: A process for dyeing textile materials, consisting of wool or nylon fibers, with anionic dyes in an aqueous liquor at up to 110.degree. C., wherein dyeing is commenced at a pH of from 7 to 9 and from 0.2 to 5 parts by weight, per 1,000 parts by weight of liquor, of an ester of a saturated C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -carboxylic acid with an alcohol having a tertiary amino group in the 2-position are added at the dyeing temperature to act as a pH regulator.

Abstract: There is disclosed a cellulosic material such as paper or paperboard surface-sized with an aqueous dispersion of a combination of degraded starch or a starch derivative and a branched-chain, water-dispersible polyester condensation product. Said polyester is derived from the reaction of a dicarboxylic reactant, a diol or polyoxyalkylene glycol, and a phosphorus acid reactant wherein said polyester has a carboxylic acid number of about 5 to about 15 and an average molecular weight of about 4,000 to about 11,000. Mixtures of said starch and said polyester when used to surface-size cellulosic materials impart water resistance thereto.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring the electroacoustic properties of magnetic tapes by means of recorded test signals of varying frequency and amplitude, wherein measured values of the reproduced signals which depend on the biassing current and correspond to predetermined parameters are obtained; for each of the relevant values of the biassing current the amplitude of the test signal to the recorded is varied until the predetermined value of the reproduced signal is attained, and the measured value of the reproduced signal obtained in this way is registered, an amplitude-modulated test signal is recorded and, by means of a test programming unit and upon the attainment of a parameter value which controls this programming unit, the relevant measured value of the reproduced signal to be determined is transmitted to an intermediate storage device for further evaluation and the biassing current is varied in order to determine the next value to be measured.

Abstract: Alkylamino-propanol derivatives of 3-alkyl-5-(2-hydroxystyryl)-isoxazole, of the general formula ##STR1## where R is hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, which is unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxyl, alkoxy of 1 to 3 carbon atoms or cycloalkyl with 3 to 8 carbon atoms in the ring, alkenyl or alkynyl of 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or cycloalkyl with 3 to 8 carbon atoms in the ring, the cycloalkyl rings being unsubstituted or mono- or di-substituted by alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and R' is alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and their addition salts with physiologically acceptable acids, their preparation, and pharmaceutical formulations which contain these compounds and which can be used as valuable drugs in the treatment of hypertonia, coronary diseases of the heart and cardiac arrhythmias.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of nylons by heating an aqueous solution of a salt of an alkanedicarboxylic acid of 6 to 12 carbon atoms and a diamine of the formula NH.sub.2 RNH.sub.2, where R is alkylene of 6 to 12 carbon atoms or is a radical ##STR1## to a temperature at which a nylon is formed, under superatmospheric pressure and with removal of water. The solution used is an aqueous solution of from 75 to 90 percent strength by weight of a salt of a dicarboxylic acid and a diamine, which solution has been obtained by neutralizing a less concentrated salt solution, which contains an appropriate dissolved excess of the particular dicarboxylic acid, with the corresponding diamine. The nylons obtained are used for the manufacture of moldings.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of partially dehydrated organic polymer polyol dispersions from the reaction of polyhydroxyl compounds and aqueous polymer dispersions wherein the problem of excessive viscosity is overcome by mixing the reactants with a recycled partially dehydrated polyol polymer dispersion, removing water from the reaction mixture, removing a portion of the partially dehydrated polyol polymer dispersion, and recycling the remainder.