Abstract: This invention concerns a process for the manufacture of flexible polyurethane foams from urethane-modified aromatic polyisocyanates having an NCO content of 15 to 30 percent by weight and a viscosity of 100 to 2000 centipoises at 20.degree. C., which are obtained by reaction of a mixture of diphenylmethane diisocyanates and polyphenylene polymethylene polyisocyanates containing 55 to 85 percent by weight of diphenylmethane diisocyanate based on the total weight of the polyisocyanate mixture and a hydroxyl compound with 2 to 4 Zerewitinoff active hydrogen atoms and a molecular weight of 60 to 1500, in an equivalency ratio of NCO groups to active hydrogen atoms of the hydroxyl compound of 2:1 to 60:1, polyols, catalysts, blowing agents, and optionally, chain extenders, auxiliaries, and additives.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions of carbonyl-containing copolymers, which dispersions contain from 0.02 to 1 mole, per mole of carbonyl group, of organic hydrazine derivatives possessing 2 or more hydrazine radicals, and from 0.0002 to 0.02 mole, per mole of the hydrazine derivatives, of heavy metal ions give coatings, impregnations and finishes which are particularly easy to cross-link.

Abstract: Herbicidal agents containing ethyl-N-ethyl-N-bicyclo-[2.2.1]-hept-2-yl-thiolcarbamate of the formula ##STR1## as herbicidal active ingredient and at least one haloacylamide of the formula ##STR2## where R denotes linear or branched haloalkyl of a maximum of 3 carbon atoms, and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical or different and each denotes linear or branched alkyl of a maximum of 6 carbon atoms which is unsubstituted or substituted by alkoxy of a maximum of 4 carbon atoms or by cyano, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 further denote cycloalkyl of 3 to 6 carbon atoms, or linear or branched alkenyl or alkynyl of a maximum of 4 carbon atoms, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, together with the nitrogen atom whose substituents they are, form a 4- to 9-membered, saturated monocyclic or bicyclic ring which is unsubstituted or mono- or polysubstituted by linear or branched alkyl of a maximum of 4 carbon atoms, or a tetrahydro-1,3-oxazine ring of the formula ##STR3## where R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6 and R.sup.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of copolymers of maleic anhydride and relatively long-chain alkenes by suspension polymerization of these monomers in the presence of a free radical initiator and a dispersant at an elevated temperature, in excess alkene as the suspension medium, wherein a poly(alkyl vinyl ether) is used as the dispersant.

Abstract: Bis-epoxy-dialkoxy-alkanes are valuable intermediates for the preparation of the sought-after aromatic 2,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-2,3-dihydrofuran-3-one. The novel bis-epoxy-dialkoxy-alkanes are obtained by reacting the corresponding .alpha.,.alpha.'-dihalo-1,2-diketones with an alkali metal hydroxide or an alkali metal alkoxide and an alkanol at from -20.degree. to +100.degree. C. To prepare the 2,5-dialkyl-4-hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-furan-3-ones, which are valuable aromatics, the novel bis-epoxy-dialkoxy-alkanes are heated with strong mineral acids or strong organic acids at from 60.degree. to 120.degree. C.

Abstract: Acid azo dyes containing thiazole coupling components, of the general formula ##STR1## where D is the radical of a diazo component,R is hydrogen, acetyl, benzoyl or an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic radical,R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently of one another are optionally substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl or aryl,R.sup.1 may also be hydrogen andR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together with the nitrogen may be a heterocyclic radical, andthe radicals D, R, R.sup.1 and/or R.sup.2 may in total contain from 1 to 4 --SO.sub.3 H groups.The deeply colored novel compounds are particularly suitable for dyeing polyamides, and the dyeings obtained have very good lightfastness and wetfastness.

Abstract: A novel process for the preparation of phenylpropyl halides of the formula ##STR1## by reacting the corresponding phenylpropyl halides, substituted only by R.sup.2 and R.sup.1, with an alcohol, alkyl halide or olefin; and phenylpropyl halides where R.sup.3 has certain meanings.

Abstract: Herbicidal agents containing at least one substituted anilide of the formula ##STR1## where R denotes hydrogen, linear or branched alkyl or alkoxy of up to 5 carbon atoms, R.sup.1 denotes hydrogen, halogen, or linear or branched alkyl or alkoxy of up to 5 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 denotes hydrogen, halogen, or linear or branched alkyl or alkoxy of up to 5 carbon atoms, R together with R.sup.

Abstract: A monomeric reactant is adsorbed on the surface of a pigment prior to its agglomeration. The subsequent addition of a polymerization initiator or second reactant produces a coated pigment of improved dispersibility, especially in chemically related polymer binder systems.

Abstract: High-hiding calcium color lakes, possessing great full-shade brilliance and improved lightfastness, of the general formula ##STR1## where D is a radical of the formula ##STR2## in which (1) a predominant proportion of primary particles has one or more dimensions greater than 0.3 .mu.m,(2) the length/width ratio of the predominant proportion of primary particles is not less than 2:1 and for which(3) the lightfastness of polyethylene containing 0.05% of colorant, and of plasticized PVC containing a 1:10 reduction of colorant, is rated at least 5 on a blue scale with ratings of from 1 to 8.The lakes are particularly suitable for coloring plastics.

Abstract: In a process for the preparation of .epsilon.-caprolactam by catalytic rearrangement of cyclohexanone-oxime in the gas phase at from 230.degree. to 450.degree. C. over a supported catalyst, containing boron trioxide, in a fluidized bed, wherein the catalyst is removed from the fluidized bed at the rate at which it becomes spent and is treated, in a fluidized state, with gases containing molecular oxygen at from 600.degree. to 900.degree. C., after which boron trioxide or boric acid is added to the fluidized catalyst, at from 300.degree. to 900.degree. C., before the catalyst is returned to the fluidized bed, the improvement that boron trioxide or boric acid of particle size from 0.05 to 1.5 mm is fed to the fluidized catalyst at one or more points.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of high molecular weight linear saturated polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids or their ester-forming derivatives and aliphatic and/or cycloaliphatic diols, comprising the condensation of polyester precondensates having a relative viscosity of from 1.05 to 1.15 at from 220.degree. to 280.degree. C. under reduced pressure, wherein(a) the condensation is first started with from 70 to 95 percent by weight of the polyester precondensate and(b) after from 10 to 50% of the total condensation time the remaining 5 to 30 percent by weight of the polyester precondensate are added to the polyester melt undergoing condensation in accordance with (a), and the condensation is taken to completion.

Abstract: A process for purifying crude caprolactam which has been obtained by rearrangement of cyclohexanone-oxime in the gas phase over a catalyst containing boron trioxide, wherein caprolactam is crystallized out, by cooling, from a melt which contains, per 100 parts by weight of crude caprolactam, from 5 to 30 parts by weight of primary alkanols or fatty acids which have a carbon chain of 6 to 10 carbon atoms and are substituted by alkyl radicals of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and from 0 to 5 parts by weight of water, and is separated from the mother liquor.

Abstract: A diazo pigment dye having the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen, chlorine or bromine atom or a nitro group, andR.sub.2 and R.sub.3 a hydrogen or chlorine atom or a methyl or methoxy group.A new coupling component for preparing the pigment is also disclosed. The dye possesses good tinctorial and advantageous environmental properties. Methods for preparing the dye are disclosed.

Abstract: There are disclosed block copolymer lubricants for synthetic textile fibers which are compounds derived from tetramethylene oxide (tetrahydrofuran) and ethylene oxide of the formula:Y--(CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O--)--(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O)--H].sub.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of a thermally insulating light stucco or plaster mixture which consists of expanded polystyrene particles coated with an aqueous solution of methyl cellulose in addition to cement, wall binder and dispersion powders.

Abstract: It is possible to provide a detergent for use in dishwashing machines which is both completely free of phosphate and is useful at temperatures such as 120.degree. F. (49.degree. C.), by making a mixture containing 30 percent sodium citrate, 20 percent sodium carbonate, 1-6 percent of chlorinated cyanurate, 20-40 percent of sodium metasilicate, 1 to 9 percent of nonionic surfactant of a kind disclosed herein; and the remainder of fillers, such as sodium sulfate and/or sodium chloride.

Abstract: Incorporating 500 to 5,000, preferably 2,000 to 4,000 parts per million of Fischer-Tropsch wax of high congealing point into beads of expandable polystyrene made by suspension polymerization yields greater advantages, and conditions (time, temperatures, and recipe) of the polymerization become less critical. The drying or conditioning step before the pre-expansion under particular conditions to generate a suitable cell structure need not be followed, and a step of coating with zinc stearate or the like before the pre-expansion may be omitted. Unexpanded beads are obtained which yield consistent cell structure, independent of conditions of their storage. Beads of higher pentane content can be used, and final articles of lower density may be obtained. The throughput of the pre-expander may be increased, and the beads, after pre-expansion, have good free-flowing (reduced clumping) and mold-filling characteristics.

Abstract: In order to determine the homogeneity of a magnetic dispersion, part of the dispersion is conducted through a measuring cell prior to its application to a base, the size, number and type of those regions of the magnetic dispersion which interfere with the homogeneity being determined with the aid of magnetic measurements. The measuring cell contains a magnetic head, a magnetic dispersion is made to flow in a stream of constant cross section past the air gap of the magnetic head, and a magnetic field at least partially penetrating the magnetic dispersion is produced. From the characteristics of the amplified output voltage of the magnetic head the various parameters of the inhomogeneities in the magnetic dispersion can then be ascertained.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of polybutylene glycol carboxylic acid diesters of the formulaR--CO--O--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --O).sub.n CO--R.sup.1by polymerizing pretreated tetrahydrofuran in the presence of one or more carboxylic acids and/or carboxylic acid anhydrides and of a polymerization catalyst, especially antimony pentachloride or a bleaching earth containing less than 3% by weight of water, wherein the tetrahydrofuran is treated with a strong mineral acid, an organic sulfonic acid, silica gel and/or a bleaching earth prior to the polymerization.