Abstract: A process for the preparation of soft and hard resins, and their use in surface-coating binders are disclosed. According to the invention, soft and hard resins are prepared from a urea, formaldehyde and a CH-acidic aldehyde by reacting a urea of the general formula (I) or (II) ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are hydrogen or identical or different alkyl, A is alkylene and X is oxygen or sulfur, with formaldehyde and a CH-acidic aldehyde of the general formula (III) ##STR2## where R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are identical or different alkyl, aryl or alkylaryl wherein the urea, formaldehyde and CH-acidic aldehyde are employed in a mole ratio of from 1:2:2 to 1:4:4, at from 60.degree. to 150.degree. C., in the presence of an acid and in the presence or absence of a solvent and/or diluent, and then treating the product with a base in an anhydrousmedium.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of methylene-bis-(4-phenylcarbamic acid esters), wherein an N-phenylcarbamic acid ester is reacted with a formaldehyde-acetal in the presence of an acid at up to 200.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of reinforced polyurethane foams based on the reaction of organic polyisocyanates and polyols in the presence of filler dispersions. These dispersions are prepared by in situ crushing of the filler in the polyisocyanate or polyol to a particle size of less than 7 microns.

Abstract: Isocyanurate-modified polyisocyanate compositions prepared by reacting organic polyisocyanates in the presence of catalytic amounts of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal organo-hydroxamates or the metal salt-free acid complex at temperatures from 25.degree. C. to 250.degree. C.

Abstract: British Pat. No. 1,470,243 relates to aziridine compounds suitable for finishing wool, but the method of formulation, described there, of these compounds for practical purposes proved unsatisfactory. This problem is solved by the present invention.

Abstract: New thiophene compounds and a new process for the manufacture of thiophene compounds by dehydrogenating dihydrothiophene with certain halogen compounds. The products are starting materials for the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, dyes and plant protection agents and, in particular, for the manufacture of additives to foodstuffs, feeds, beverages and pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: Alkanes substituted by chlorine atoms and/or sulfochloride groups are prepared by reacting alkanes with chlorine, with or without sulfur dioxide, in a particular throughput ratio, in a reaction chamber inclined to the horizontal, the starting materials being passed through the reaction chamber in co-current, from below. The substituted alkanes or paraffins obtainable by the process of the invention are pesticides, plasticizers, solvents and starting materials for the preparation of such products, as well as of fat liquors, detergents, lubricating oils, synthetic resins and slip agents.

Abstract: Glyoxal is prepared by oxidizing glycol in the presence of a silver catalyst of a defined particle size and under defined conditions of temperature, residence time and inert gas concentration.The glyoxal obtainable by the process of the invention may be used in wrinkle-resist finishing, as an assistant for increasing the tensile strength and resilience of fibrous materials, a tanning agent, a hardener in the photographic industry, and a starting material for the manufacture of synthetic resins, textile auxiliaries, for example to prevent shrinkage after washing, paper additives, for example for increasing the wet strength, and plastics.

Abstract: Fuels for gasoline engines, which contain small amounts of(a) imides or amide-imides, or mixtures of imides and amide-imides, obtained from nitrilotriacetic acid and/or from ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and amines or amine mixtures of 7 to 18 carbon atoms, of the formula I ##STR1## where the radicals X are identical or different radicals --HN--R, or adjacent radicals X are a radical ##STR2## which completes a ring ##STR3## m is 0 or 1 and R is an unbranched or branched aliphatic radical of 7 to 18 carbon atoms, as valve and carburetor cleaners, and(b) mixtures of highly hydrogenated petroleum distillates, in the boiling range of the kerosine fraction and highly refined solvent raffinates with viscosities of from 50 to 500 mm.sup.2 /s at 40.degree. C., the weight ratio of these constituents being from 20:80 to 80:20, keep the carburetors and valves of gasoline engines clean, thereby achieving better combustion of the fuel in the engine.

Abstract: 4,5-methano-bufadienolide-rhamnosides of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is hydrogen or alkyl or acyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are identical or different and each is hydrogen or alkyl or acyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or both together are ##STR2## where R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are identical or different and each is hydrogen or alkyl or alkoxy of 1 or 2 carbon atoms.The novel compounds may be used for counteracting cardiac insufficiency.

Abstract: 1-Hydroxymethylimidazoles which are unsubstituted or alkyl-substituted in the 2-position, their manufacture and their use as chemical intermediates, e.g. for other imidazole derivatives or for the drug cimetidine.

Abstract: This invention relates to single-phase antifreeze or coolant concentrates comprising an alcohol, a corrosion inhibiting amount of a water-soluble organosiloxane-silicate copolymer corrosion inhibitor and an organic basic pH buffer capable of buffering pH in the range of about 9 to about 11 comprising a hydroxybenzoic acid or mixtures thereof. The concentrates are used as coolants either undiluted or upon dilution with about 25 percent to about 90 percent by weight of water based upon the total weight of the concentrate. The alcohol is preferably ethylene glycol. The coolant compositions are effective in providing protection against corrosion of all metals and alloys used in industrial heat exchangers are especially effective in inhibiting the corrosion of aluminum internal combustion engine and radiator components.

Abstract: Styrene polymers are prepared by suspension polymerization using, as suspension stabilizers, mixtures of(A) a sparingly soluble inorganic metal compound and(B) a fine polymer dispersion.The styrene polymers may be used, together with blowing agents, for the manufacture of foams.

Abstract: This invention relates to single-phase antifreeze or coolant concentrates comprising (1) an alcohol, (2) at least one of an amino siloxane, an amino silane or both an amino siloxane and an amino silane and a siloxane of the formula: ##EQU1## wherein R.sup.6 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group and e has a value of from 1 to 3, and (3) a hydroxybenzoic acid basic pH buffer preferably comprising para or ortho hydroxybenzoic acid or mixtures thereof. The concentrates are preferably used, upon dilution with about 30 to about 90 percent by weight of water based upon the weight of said concentrate, as antifreeze compositions for internal combustion engines. The alcohol is preferably ethylene glycol. The coolant compositions are effective in providing protection against corrosion of all metals and alloys used in industrial heat exchangers and are especially effective in inhibiting the corrosion of aluminum internal combustion engine and radiator components.

Abstract: This invention relates to single-phase antifreeze and coolant concentrates comprising an alcohol, a metal salt of a carboxysiloxane and an organic basic pH buffer and corrosion inhibitor comprising a hydroxybenzoic acid or mixtures thereof. The concentrates are preferably used as coolants either undiluted or upon dilution with about 25 to about 90 percent by weight of water based upon the total weight of the concentrate. The alcohol is preferably ethylene glycol. The coolant compositions are effective in providing protection against corrosion of all metals and alloys used in industrial heat exchangers and are especially effective in inhibiting the corrosion of aluminum internal combustion engine and radiator components.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of an indolenine of the general formula I ##STR1## where R, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are aliphatic radicals and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may also be linked and the ring A may be additionally substituted, wherein a compound of the formula II ##STR2## is heated in the presence of a Lewis acid and of a halide. The products are valuable starting compounds for the preparation of dyes.

Abstract: Lubricants and processing aids for synthetic fibers, particularly polyester and nylon fibers, are disclosed comprising compounds having the structural formulas: ##STR1## in which R is an aliphatic group generally having about 3 to about 22 carbon atoms; A is a mixture of residues from ethylene oxide and at least one other lower alkylene oxide, preferably a heteric mixture of oxyethylene and oxypropylene residues in the respective ratio by weight of 20:80 to 90:10; and n has a value to produce a molecular weight of about 300 to about 3000.Where liquid products are desired which contain the higher numbered carbon chain residues, low viscosity compounds can be obtained by oxyalkylating a glycerol-1,3-dialkylether with a mixture of ethylene oxide and 1,2-propylene oxide in the respective ratio as set forth above.

Abstract: A single-phase antifreeze or coolant concentrate is disclosed comprising an alcohol, a silicone-silicate copolymer and an organic basic pH buffer and corrosion inhibitor comprising a hydroxybenzoic acid or mixtures thereof. The concentrates are preferably used as coolants either undiluted or upon dilution with about 30 to about 90 percent by weight of water based upon the total weight of the coolant. The alcohol is preferably ethylene glycol. The coolant compositions are especially effective in inhibiting the corrosion of aluminum internal combustion engine and radiator components.

Abstract: A continuous process for the preparation in at least one esterification reactor of phthalate diesters utilizing phthalic acid or anhydride and a stoichiometric excess of at least one saturated aliphatic alcohol containing about 4 to about 10 carbon atoms comprises (a) reaction of phthalic acid or anhydride with said alcohol in a reactor zone, (b) purification of the diester in a purification zone in which the reaction product is neutralized with an alkali metal hydroxide, i.e., sodium hydroxide, to separate the diester and the unreacted phthalic acid or anhydride together with said saturated alcohol utilized in the reaction, said reaction product is separated into an organic phase and an aqueous waste phase.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a high-hiding, deeply colored pigmentary form of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid bis-(4'-ethoxyphenyl)-imide by heating the finely divided crude pigment, which is in the form of agglomerates, formed from primary particles of length 0.15 .mu.m or less, in cyclohexanone or a mixture of cyclohexanone and water at from 30.degree. to 200.degree. C., and isolating the pigment.