Abstract: A process for resolving racemic .alpha.-hydroxy-.beta.,.beta.-dimethyl-.gamma.-butyrolactone, referred to as D,L-pantolactone, into its optical antipodes, based on the separation of diastereomeric salts of D,L-pantoic acid (.alpha.,.gamma.-dihydroxy-.beta.,.beta.-dimethylbutyric acid), produced from D,L-pantolactone, by means of (-)-3-aminomethylpinane, (+)-3-aminomethylpinane or one of their acid addition salts, as a new resolving agent.

Abstract: A print paste for printing textiles of polyester, cellulose acetate, cellulose triacetate and mixtures of the same with other fibers which is based on a disperse dye, thickener, ethanolamide of a carboxylic acid and water and which is characterized by a content of at least one phenol which has been oxyethylated twice to six times. The paste yields prints having excellent color strength and levelness.

Abstract: 1,2,4-OXIDIAZOLIN-5-ONE DERIVATIVES HAVING A GOOD FUNGICIDAL ACTION. Fungicidal compounds of one of the formulae: ##SPC1##Wherein Z is --OCH.sub.3, --OC.sub. 2 H.sub.5, --OCH(CH.sub.3).sub.NH(CH.sub., --NHC.sub.2 H.sub.5 or --NH(lH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.

Abstract: Carboxylic acids are manufactured by reaction of methyl ketones with hypochlorites in the presence of bromine, iodine, haloamides, and/or polymerization inhibitors. The products are starting materials for the manufacture of dyes, plant protection agents, tanning agents, pickling agents, bates, vulcanizing agents and scents.

Abstract: Rigid cellular foams characterized by carbodiimide linkages exhibit low friability and excellent flame retardancy when prepared from isocyanates rich in toluene diisocyanate. The forms hereof are prepared by the catalytic condensation of the isocyanates by using either (1) isocyanate quasi-prepolymers or (2) a two-stage process wherein isocyanate and polyol are first reacted to form a urethane-containing intermediate having free isocyanate groups and then the remaining isocyanate groups are converted to carbodiimide groups and isocyanurate groups by the catalytic condensation thereof.

Abstract: Process for the manufacture of polyester imides. Melamine, an at least tribasic carboxylic acid, a polyhydric alcohol and, optionally, an aromatic dicarboxylic acid are condensed at elevated temperature. The polyester imides are suitable, in the form of solutions, aqueous dispersions or melts, for use as baking enamels for metallic conductors.

Abstract: A fungicidal method employing N-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-5-methyl-5-vinyloxazolidine-2,4-dione as the active ingredient.

Abstract: Manufacture of formaldehyde by oxidative dehydrogenation of methanol in the presence of a silver catalyst, wherein methanol and water are evaporated in the presence of air in a plate column containing a number of double plates each consisting of a sieve plate and a lower plate having the form of a shallow bowl and inclined at a specific angle to the horizontal, the resulting vaporous mixture then being reacted. The formaldehyde which may be produced by the process of the invention is a disinfectant, tanning agent, reducing agent and a valuable starting material for the manufacture of synthetic resins, adhesives and plastics.

Abstract: Paint binder prepared by reacting Mannich bases (a) with an epoxide resin (b). The Mannich bases (a) are prepared from:1. a condensed phenol which is free from ether groups and contains at least two phenolic hydroxyl groups,2. a condensed phenol containing ether groups and also containing at least one phenolic hydroxyl group,3. a secondary amine containing at least one hydroxyalkyl group and4. formaldehyde.The paint binders may be used in protonized form for the cathodic electrocoating of electrically conducting surfaces.

Abstract: Rigid cellular foams characterized by carbodiimide linkages are prepared by the catalytic condensation of an organic polyisocyanate in the presence of a halogen or phosphorus-containing active hydrogen compound to provide urethane modified foams having a skin of improved flame retardancy.

Abstract: New and valuable furanhydroxamic acid derivatives having a good fungicidal action, fungicides containing these compounds as active ingredients, a process for controlling the growth of fungi with these compounds, and a process for their manufacture.

Abstract: A process for metallizing substrates by activation of the substrate by deposition of palladium from a palladium complex, followed by electroless metallization. The palladium is deposited on the substrate by dipping the substrate into a solution of a palladium(O) complex and decomposing this complex at from 100.degree. to 300.degree. C.With this method it is possible to effectively activate substrates which are attacked by acid or alkali or swollen by organic solvents.

Abstract: Cured, opaque coatings with high hiding power are produced on a substrate from a normally transparent and radiation transmitting unsaturated polyester paste filler composition containing customary additives, curing catalysts and optionally fillers of low hiding power and non-reactive solvents and/or plasticizers wherein the filler composition has a weight ratio of unsaturated polyester to the sum of copolymerizable monomers and optionally non-reactive solvents and plasticizers of from about 10 : 12 to 10 : 40, preferably from about 10 to 15. The unsaturated polyester filler composition may further have up to 95 percent by weight of the copolymerizable monomers replaced by the non-reactive solvents and/or plasticizers. The composition may be cured by UV rays, sunlight or other ionizing radiation.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of a modified titanium-containing component of a catalyst for the polymerization of a .alpha.-monoolefins by the Ziegler-Natta method wherein (a) a compound containing titanium and (b) a compound containing phosphorus are ground dry in a vibratory ball mill. It is characteristic of the process that (1) a mill of relatively large useful volume is employed, (2) the mill is first charged with the compound (a) containing titanium, (3) while grinding the material at a low temperature, the compound (b) containing phosphorus is added gradually, thereafter (4) the material is gradually brought to a higher temperature, while continuing the grinding, and is kept at about this temperature for a prolonged period, then (5) a finely particulate 1-alkene polymer having a particular glass transition temperature and a particular intrinsic viscosity is added to the material and finally (6) the material is kept at a low temperature for a prolonged period, while continuing the grinding.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of a gas mixture containing acetylene, ethylene, methane and hydrogen by cracking a liquid hydrocarbon by means of a plurality of arcs burning under the surface of the liquid hydrocarbon and limited, in their electrical effect, by current-limiting elements, wherein the total energy acting on the system is distributed by an arrangement of the electrical components, which is responsible for the stability of the arcs, over a plurality of localized burning points, the current-limiting components being matched to the voltage so that the output of each individual arc on average does not exceed 1.2 kW.

Abstract: Foam moldings of olefin polymers are prepared by heating, and pressing together, foamed particles of an olefin polymer, containing crosslinked constituents, in molds, a temperature gradient of from 0.5.degree. to 25.degree. C per cm of loose mass of particles being established in the mold, which has a gas-permeable wall on the lower-temperature side.

Abstract: Manufacture of insoluble polyvinyl lactams by polymerization in the absence of oxygen and in the presence of sulfur compounds having a functionality of less than 6.

Abstract: New and valuable herbicides containing compositions of different active ingredients.

Abstract: Filaments and fibers based on polypropylene or copolymers thereof having a content of from 10 to 90% by weight of bitumen and a process for their manufacture, in which a mixture based on polypropylene or copolymers thereof and containing from 10 to 90% by weight of bitumen is melt-spun and drawn. The filaments and fibers produced in the manner of the invention are suitable for the production of woven and non-woven fabrics for insulating purposes and carpet underlays.

Abstract: Aqueous suspensions of polyolefin fibrids are prepared. To avoid foam formation and improve fiberbonding, small amounts of anionic agents are added to the suspensions. The suspensions are suitable for the manufacture of paper-like or textile-like web structures distinguished by very good fiber bonding and good initial wet strength.