Abstract: Provided are a novel water-soluble diacetylene monomer, a composition for photolithography including the novel water-soluble diacetylene monomer and a conductive polymer, and a method of forming micropatterns using the composition. The water-soluble diacetylene monomer may not aggregate even when mixed with a water-soluble conductive polymer. Accordingly, a uniform composition for photolithography can be prepared by mixing a water-soluble conductive polymer with the diacetylene monomer, and micropatterns can be formed using the composition. More particularly, when the composition is formed into a thin film and then is irradiated with light, only light-irradiated portions of the diacetylene monomer are selectively crosslinked due to photopolymerization, thereby resulting in insoluble negative-type micropatterns.

Abstract: Systems and methods for neutron detection using tensioned metastable fluid detectors, using a single atom spectroscopy approach.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system for image dehazing by modifying a lower bound of a transmission rate and a method therefor, whereby a clear image is obtained by removing components, such as fog or haze, from an image having low image quality due to fog or haze, the system configured such that a lower bound of a transmission rate representing how many rate of haze is mixed is calculated for each pixel, and an initial transmission rate is obtained by an exponentiation operation with the lower bound of transmission rate. By transmission rate correction that reserves an edge showing a large change relative to the initial transmission rate and processes a smooth area showing a small change with a low-pass filter, a final transmission rate is obtained such that a clear image is obtained by removing haze components.

Abstract: In one aspect, the disclosure relates to methods for preparation of intermediates useful for the preparation of terpenoid cores. In a further aspect, the disclosed methods pertain to the preparation of compounds comprising a terpenoid core or scaffold, such as 6/7/5 tricycloalkanes. The disclosed methods utilize abundant starting materials and simple reaction sequences that can be used to tunably and scalably assemble common terpenoid cores. In various aspects, the present disclosure pertains to compounds prepared using the disclosed methods. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a communication technique for converging a 5G communication system for supporting a higher data rate beyond a 4G system with an IoT technology, and a system therefor. The present disclosure can be applied to intelligent services (for example, smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car or connected car, healthcare, digital education, retail, security and safety-related service, and the like) on the basis of a 5G communication technology and an IoT-related technology. The present invention relates to a method for transmitting and receiving data, and a method for receiving data by a terminal according to the present invention comprises: receiving, from a base station, a random sequence generation parameter for generating a random sequence including a random variable in a first band; generating the random sequence using the received parameter; and performing decoding on the basis of the random variable included in the random sequence in a second band.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to RNA monomers comprising O-acetal levulinyl protecting groups at the 2? and/or the 5?-hydroxy functionalities of the ribose moiety. Said monomers may be incorporated into oligoribonucleotides or RNA polynucleotides. Furthermore, the invention is directed to methods for the synthesis of said RNA monomers, oligoribonucleotides and RNA polynucleotides, as well as methods for their deprotection and methods for the use of said compounds and compositions comprising said compounds. In particular, such compounds and compositions comprising them are used in methods for light-directed synthesis of RNA microarrays.

Abstract: A Rankine cycle system for a vehicle having a dual fluid circulation circuit includes a high temperature (HT) loop in which a HT working fluid is converted to steam by heat of exhaust gas discharged from an engine. The steam is condensed back into the liquid state of the HT working fluid. A Low Temperature (LT) loop in which a temperature of an LT working fluid converted to steam is increased so that power is generated while the LT working fluid cools the HT working fluid in the HT loop, and the steam is condensed back into the liquid state of the LT working fluid. An engine coolant circulation auxiliary line forming a circulation flow in which engine coolant heats the LT working fluid and is then returned to the engine after the engine coolant circulated in the engine is supplied to the LT loop.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an amalgam electrode, an amalgam electrode manufactured by the method, and a method for electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide using the amalgam electrode.

Abstract: A vital signal measuring watch is provided, the vital signal measuring watch including a watch module having a shape of a wrist watch, wherein the watch module includes a device receiving portion at one side of the watch module and a communication port in the device receiving portion; and a vital signal sensor connected to or disconnected from the device receiving portion, connected to the communication port when being connected to the device receiving portion, and configured to transmit biometric data obtained by measuring vital signals to the communication port, wherein the vital signal sensor is configured to generate an interrupt plug-in event to transmit the event to the watch module when being connected to the communication port, and the watch module is configured to count a number of interrupts of the transmitted interrupt plug-in event, automatically recognize a communication protocol supported by the vital signal sensor according to the number of interrupts, and dynamically activate a communication i

Abstract: A system and method of scheduling tasks, comprising receiving activity and performance data from registers or storage locations maintained by hardware and an operating system; storing calibration coefficients associated with the activity and performance data; computing an energy dissipation rate based on at least the activity and performance data; and scheduling tasks under the operating system based on the computed energy dissipation rate.

Abstract: This document provides methods and materials involved in reducing venous neointimal hyperplasia (VNH) of an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) or graft. For example, methods and materials for using stem cells (e.g., mesenchymal stem cells), extracellular matrix material, or a combination of stem cells and extracellular matrix material to reduce VNH of AVFs or grafts are provided.

Abstract: There is provided a Mg—N-A based magnesium material (A is a metal or non-metal element configuring a nitride, N: nitrogen originating from the nitride). The magnesium material includes a spherical Mg—N-A eutectic phase and nitrogen atoms are dispersed in a magnesium matrix, whereby mechanical and ignition properties of the magnesium material are improved, as compared to a magnesium material or pure magnesium material in which the nitrogen atoms are not included and only the metal or non-metal element is included.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a pre-5th-Generation (5G) or 5G communication system to be provided for supporting higher data rates Beyond 4th-Generation (4G) communication system such as Long Term Evolution (LTE). A feedback transmission method for a receiving device in a multiple input multiple output system according to one embodiment comprises: a step of measuring channel state information; a first quantization step of quantizing the channel state information using a first codebook; a second quantization step of quantizing the channel state information using second and third codebooks which are different from the first codebook; and a step of feeding back the channel state information on the basis of a selection result of one of the first and second quantization steps.

Abstract: This invention relates to biocatalysts for the efficient production of succinic acid and/or other products from renewable biological feedstocks. The biocatalysts have a very high efficiency for the growth-coupled production of succinic acid and/or other products from carbohydrate feed stocks as a result of both genetic manipulation and metabolic evolution. More specifically, certain biocatalysts of the present invention produce succinic acid at high titers and yields in mineral salts media during simple pH-controlled batch fermentation without the addition of any exogenous genetic material. The genetic manipulations of the present invention are concerned with energy-conserving strategies coupled with the elimination of alternative routes for NADH oxidation other than the routes for succinic acid production. The biocatalysts contain glucose-repressed gluconeogenic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pck) derepressed by genetic modifications and a genetically-inactivated phosphotransferase system.

Abstract: Methods for precise and predictable modification of previously synthesized nanocrystals. The methods rely on the solubility behavior of crystalline materials to provide for controlled reversal of the nanocrystal growth process (i.e., dissolution). A method for post-synthesis modification of colloidal nanocrystals includes (1) providing a first nanocrystal having a first size and a first shape, (2) forming a reaction mixture that includes the nanocrystal, at least one ligand capable of binding to at least one component of the nanocrystal, at least one solvent, and an inert gas atmosphere, and (3) modifying the size and/or shape of the nanocrystal in the reaction mixture for a period of time at a temperature in a range from about 100° C. to about 240° C. so as to produce at least a second nanocrystal having a second size and/or a second shape.

Abstract: A method of operating a synchronous motor includes using a rotor angle observer model to calculate an observed rotor angle and a speed estimator model to calculate an observed angular speed of the rotor. The observed rotor angle may be used to ensure that the stator magnetic field generated by the stator is oriented 90° ahead of the rotor magnetic field. The observed angular speed may be used to regulate the motor operation to achieve the desired speed.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for detection schemes for ascertaining pregnancy status of an animal. The compositions and methods employ interferon-tau (IFNT) and/or antibodies specific for IFNT. Methods of the present invention detect the presence of IFNT in samples obtained from animals as an early indicator of pregnancy. Methods are provided to identify non-pregnant animals so that management decisions regarding rebreeding can be made earlier compared to existing approaches.

Abstract: A graphene touch sensor is provided. The graphene touch sensor includes a first substrate, a first pattern disposed on the first substrate and having a first protruding region and a first concave region, a second substrate on the first substrate, a second pattern disposed on the second substrate to face the first pattern and having a second protruding region and a second concave region, and a graphene layer between the first pattern and the second pattern.

Abstract: A vaccine composition is disclosed that contains a vaccine antigen and a neutrophil inhibitor in amounts effective to promote an IgA response to the antigen in a subject. Also disclosed is a method for enhancing immune response to a vaccine antigen in a subject that involves co-administering to the subject the vaccine antigen and an adjuvant composition comprising a neutrophil inhibitor in an amount effective to promote an IgA response to the vaccine antigen in the subject.

Abstract: Aspects disclosed in the detailed description include offset-canceling (OC) write operation sensing circuits for sensing switching in a magneto-resistive random access memory (MRAM) bit cell in an MRAM for a write operation. The OC write operation sensing circuit is configured to sense when MTJ switching occurs in MRAM bit cell. In an example, the OC write operation sensing circuit includes a voltage sensing circuit and a sense amplifier. The voltage sensing circuit employs a capacitive-coupling effect so that the output voltage drops in response to MTJ switching for both logic ‘0’ and logic ‘1’ write operations. The sense amplifier has a single input and a single output node with an output voltage indicating when MTJ switching has occurred in the MRAM bit cell. A single input transistor and pull-up transistor are provided in the sense amplifier in one example to provide an offset-canceling effect.