Abstract: A tetracarbonyl cyclobutene dihydrate compound, having a chemical formula (I). A method of synthesizing the tetracarbonyl cyclobutene dihydrate compound, includes: a synthesis step, a separation step, and a purification step. The synthesis step includes: collecting and dissolving 0.5728 g of squaric acid, 2.7948 g of ammonium formate, and 0.0480 g of the palladium complex in 100 mL of anhydrous methanol, heating and stirring a resulting mixture to reflux for 48 hrs, and stopping the reaction. The separation step includes: performing column chromatography analysis on reaction products according to a volume ratio of dichloromethane to anhydrous methanol of 8:2, to obtain a target product. A method of using the tetracarbonyl cyclobutene dihydrate compound, includes: using tetracarbonyl cyclobutene dihydrate compound as a catalyst in addition reaction between ethyl pyruvate and nitromethane, where a conversion rate of ethyl pyruvate reaches 96.1%.

Abstract: The present invention is a system, method, and teaching aid for continuously improving the system for educating students to a level of mastery and for systematically improving the mastery standard The invention includes a cost efficient system that enables multiple cycle of learning for each lesson, and the system is continuously reviewed and revised based on feedback showing the understanding and knowledge on the part of the students. Repetitive cycles of learning result in students with mastery level skill and confidence. The invention also includes a cost efficient method for creating the course and preparing instructors to teach the course.

Abstract: The microobjective optical system and the optical device provided in the present disclosure use a catadioptric structure. Specifically, a catadioptric relay lens group and a complex transmissive collimating lens group are combined to effectively correct a higher-order spherical aberration, and control astigmatism, field curvature, and primary and higher-order coma related to a field of view. In a spectrum band ranging from 320 nm to 800 nm, the field of view is larger than 2 mm, a numerical aperture is 1.0, and imaging quality reaches a diffraction limit.

Abstract: In an LC/MS/MS analysis: injecting a sample into a passage leading to a column group provided in a liquid chromatograph, the column group including a plurality of columns serially connected to each other and packed with different kinds of packing materials; supplying an eluant to one or a plurality of columns including a column located most downstream, to separate a portion of the target components in the sample in the one or plurality of columns, and sequentially elute those components from the most downstream column to perform mass spectrometry; and supplying a different eluant to one or a plurality of columns including the most downstream column, to separate at least a portion of the target components which stayed uneluted in the one or plurality of columns in the first analysis step, and sequentially elute those components from the most downstream column to perform mass spectrometry.

Abstract: The problem to be addressed by the present invention is to provide improved recombinant Fc?RIIb and Fc?RIIa that do not require refolding and exhibit high productivity and thermal stability, and to provide a method for producing the same. Said problem is solved by improved recombinant Fc?RIIb comprising at least the amino acid residues of the extracellular domain of human Fc?RIIb (No. 43 to No. 215 in UniProt No. P31994), wherein, in said amino acid residues, at least one amino acid substitution has occurred at a position corresponding to No. 82, 94, 98, 104, 105, or 139 in UniProt No. P31994. Said problem is also solved by improved recombinant Fc?RIIa comprising at least the amino acid residues of the extracellular domain of human Fc?RIIa (No. 34 to No. 206 in UniProt No. P12318-1), wherein, in said amino acid residues, at least one amino acid substitution has occurred at a position corresponding to No. 73, 85, 89, 95, 96, or 130 in UniProt No. P12318-1.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, provided is a method for producing a solidifying material for radioactive waste disposal, the method including a first step (S100) of pulverizing radioactive concrete waste and separating aggregates and paste and a second step (S200) of using the paste to produce a solidifying raw material, wherein the second step (S200) includes a calcination treatment step (S210) of calcining a mixture obtained by mixing an additional material with the paste; a sintering treatment step (S220) of sintering the mixture in a sintering furnace after the calcination treatment step (S210); and a rapid-cooling treatment step (S230) of rapid-cooling the mixture after the sintering treatment step (S220) to produce a clinker.

Abstract: An ice protection system and method capable of anti-icing and de-icing aerodynamic structures and surfaces is provided comprising a Resistive Heat Coat (RHC) controller and a heating device. The RHC controller comprises a RHC power circuit topology having a processor and a buck converter. The RHC controller further comprises a RHC control algorithm. The heating device comprises a plurality of resistive heating elements, such as CNT-based resistive heaters. The ice protection systems and methods disclosed can achieve an efficiency of 98% or greater while employing a direct current (DC) power supply and “hard switching” with a switching frequency of at least 500 kHz.

Abstract: A system and method for providing an application-independent estimation of the state of health (SOH) of a battery. A battery terminal voltage, under a non-zero load, when a specific amount of charge has been drawn from the battery is compared to stored terminal voltage test data obtained under the same conditions. An estimate of SOH is provided in response to the comparison.

Abstract: An external winding controlled two-degree-of-freedom bearing-free switched reluctance motor includes a stator and a rotor. An edge portion of the rotor includes rotor teeth. The stator includes an external winding and a stator core. The stator core includes four suspension teeth distributed in x and y directions on the same circumference of the radial outer side of the rotor and magnetism isolating bodies connected to two adjacent suspension teeth, each suspension tooth includes, along the axial direction of the rotor, a permanent magnet sheet and magnetically conductive sheets symmetrically connected to two sides of the permanent magnet sheet, torque teeth are connected to the inner walls of the magnetism isolating bodies, and torque windings are wound around the torque teeth. The external winding includes x-direction control cores connecting two suspension teeth in the x direction to form two x-direction symmetrical closed paths.

Abstract: The present invention provides a crucible for melting and casting a metal fuel, which includes a reaction preventing layer including: LaYO3; or ZrO2 containing a Y2O3 stabilizer at 5 to 10 wt %, and a method of melting and casting a metal fuel using the same.

Abstract: A hydrogen generating method includes generating hydrogen by dehydrogenation-reacting a chemical hydride of a solid state with an acid aqueous solution. The dehydrogenation-reaction is performed by reacting 1 mol of hydrogen atoms of the chemical hydride with an acid and water at a molar ratio of 0.5 to 2.

Abstract: A p16INK4a inhibitor, a composition that includes the p16INK4a inhibitor, or a pharmaceutical composition that includes the p16INK4a inhibitor, for use in the prevention and/or the treatment of Huntington's disease, wherein the p16INK4a inhibitor is a nucleic acid or a peptide, a small compound molecule or a marketed drug.

Abstract: The specification relates generally to methods of detecting, diagnosing, and/or identifying pathogens, e.g., infectious disease pathogens and determining their drug sensitivity and appropriate methods of treatment. This invention also relates generally to methods of monitoring pathogen infection in individual subjects as well as larger populations of subjects.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to reduce the strong hepatotoxicity of antisense nucleic acids that incorporate an artificial nucleobase (e.g., LNA). The present invention provides a bridged antisense nucleic acid for which antisense nucleic acid-induced toxicity is reduced by the supplemental addition to the wing region of a specific artificial nucleobase (e.g., MCA), while retaining the sequence of the antisense nucleic acid and the number of artificial nucleobases (e.g., LNA). The present invention also provides an antisense nucleic acid drug having a remarkably-reduced hepatotoxicity.

Abstract: An operation method of a terminal in a communication system may comprise: receiving, from a base station, an SPS PDSCH; receiving a first PDSCH from the base station; generating SPS HARQ ACK/NACK information for the SPS PDSCH; generating first HARQ ACK/NACK information for the first PDSCH; and when the SPS HARQ-ACK/NACK information is not transmitted in a first slot and transmission of the SPS HARQ-ACK/NACK information is deferred, transmitting both the SPS HARQ ACK/NACK information and the first HARQ ACK/NACK information in a second slot after the first slot.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for encoding and decoding an image. The method for decoding an image includes: deriving an initial motion vector from a merge candidate list of a current block; deriving a refined motion vector using the initial motion vector; and generating a prediction block of the current block using the refined motion vector.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for searching for a global minimum of a point cloud registration error. The apparatus includes memory in which at least one program is recorded and a processor for executing the program. The program performs collecting multiple registration results in which the registration error between a source point cloud and a target point cloud is a local minimum as candidates and selecting the registration result in which the registration error between the source point cloud and the target point cloud is a global minimum, among the candidates. Collecting the multiple registration results may comprise repeatedly randomly initializing the source point cloud and the target point cloud and registering the initialized source point cloud to the initialized target point cloud to thereby search for a registration result in which the registration error therebetween is a local minimum.

Abstract: A network of microfibers are fabricated with a core-shell construction from sustainable materials, where the core includes a phase-change material, such as coconut oil, and the shell includes a biomass, such as cellulose. The microfibers are made via a wet-wet electrospinning process utilizing a coaxial spinneret with an inner conduit and an outer conduit. The biomass and the phase-change material are coaxially extruded into a coagulation bath including a mixture of ethanol and water. The collected microfibers exhibit a beaded structure of PCM aggregates and biomass connecting regions between the aggregates and are effective to aid in the thermoregulation of the immediate environment surrounding the network. The microfibers are suitable for use in a variety of sustainable products such as wearable thermoregulating textiles, wall/ceiling panels, insulation, packaging material, and more.

Abstract: A conductive bridge memory device includes a memory cell including a first metal layer; a second metal layer; a first insulator layer having a first surface facing the first metal layer and a second surface facing the second metal layer and being a surface opposite to the first surface, and having a through hole penetrating between the first surface and the second surface; and a liquid layer being formed of liquid containing a liquid electrolyte impregnated in the through hole.

Abstract: A method for treating an autoimmune neurological disease and/or a neurodegenerative disease is provided. The method includes administering an effective amount of at least one compound having Formula (I), Formula (II) or Formula (III), or its geometric isomer, enantiomer or diastereomer to a subject in need thereof: wherein is a single or double bond, X is NCH3 or CH2, Y is null, O or N, Z is O or N, R1 is H, OH, and R2 is null, H, C1-C8 alkyl, —(C?O)-alkyl, —(C?O)-aryl, —(C?O)-alkyl-aryl, —(C?O)-heteroaryl, cycloalkyl or heterocycloalkyl, which optionally substituted by one or more of —OH, —NO2, —NH2, —NR3R4, carbonyl, alkoxyl, alkyl or —OCF3, wherein R3 and R4 independently are H, alkyl, O2CH3, —(C?O)—CH3 or (C?O)—NH2.