Abstract: A voice activity detector is disclosed for use with a radio transmitter to continuously sense the presence of speech in an audio signal. Initially, the audio signal is processed to produce a train of signal samples. Signal peaks are identified therefrom, which are used to compute respective values for a succession of quasi-pitch periods associated with the signal sample train. The quasi-pitch period values are then selectively compared with one another, in order to determine the presence or absence of a speech component.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method, an exchange, a telecommunication system and a mobile station for providing a temporary selective national roaming at predetermined network operation conditions, e.g. at network overload in a mobile radio communication system. A first switching means (MSC/VLR) of a home network (HPLMN) performs a negotiation with a second switching means (MSC/VLR′) of another network (VPLMN) which has free capacity to handle mobile stations (MS1-MS4) of the first network (HPLMN) which cannot be handled by said first network (HPLMN) during e.g. an overload condition occuring therein. When e.g. the overload condition occurs, a request message (RM) is first sent to the second switching means (MSC/VLR′) in order to enquire whether the second network (VPLMN) has enough free capacity to take over mobile stations (MS1-MS4) from the first network (HPLMN).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for preventing the fraudulent access of a mobile terminal is disclosed. The mobile terminal includes a user profile defining particular behaviors which are allowed by the mobile station in response to the initiation of certain types of calls. Control logic associated with the user profile determines, in response to the initiation of a telephone call, if the behavior required by the requested telephone call would comprise an allowed behavior as defined by the user profile. The control logic then grants or denies continuation of the call based upon this comparison.

Abstract: An integrated radio telecommunications network which integrates an ANSI-41 circuit switched network and a General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) packet data network to support a mobile station which operates in both the ANSI-41 network and the GPRS network. An interworking function interfaces a mobile switching center (MSC) in the ANSI-41 network with a serving GPRS switching node (SGSN) in the GPRS network by mapping circuit switched signaling utilized by the MSC into GPRS packet switched signaling utilized by the SGSN, and mapping GPRS packet switched signaling into circuit switched signaling. An interworking GPRS base station controller interfaces the SGSN with a GPRS/ANSI-136 base station which supports both ANSI-136 operations and GPRS operations. The interworking GPRS base station controller adapts the traffic signaling format utilized by the SGSN into an air interface traffic signaling format utilized by the GPRS/ANSI-136 base station.

Abstract: A method for controlling the power transmission levels in a spread spectrum or CDMA cellular system is disclosed, in which the decision to increase or decrease the transmission power level of a mobile station or base station, and the amount of any such increase or decrease made, is based on the weighted combination of a plurality of factors that indicate existing channel conditions. For example, the weight can be set according to the reliability of each channel condition factor involved.

Abstract: Compositions for forming polymeric layers useful in the manufacture printed wiring boards and other electrical interconnecting devices are disclosed. The compositions typically are processable in aqueous base and can be made photosensitive with the addition of a positive acting photosensitive compound. The compositions are particularly useful in the manufacture of laminable films used to make printed wiring boards. Multilayer printed wiring boards made using such films, and methods for making and using the films and boards, also are disclosed.

Abstract: A method of selecting an operational set of user preference information for directing the internal operations of a cellular telephone includes the steps of sensing a selected specified condition and selecting the operational set of user preference information corresponding to the specified condition, so as to direct the operation ofthe cellular telephone. Specified conditions may include agenda items, location ofthe telephone, and telephone battery condition. User preference information may include ring tone, ring volume, and ear phone volume.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method, system and node for providing enhanced mobility in Simple IP telecommunication networks when performing L2TP tunneling. A mobile station establishes a connection with a first service node in the telecommunication network. This connection is then extended from the first service node to an endpoint, or terminal node, in the telecommunication network. Upon an establishment of a connection between the mobile station and the terminal node via the first service node, a unique address is assigned to the mobile station at the terminal node. Upon roaming of the mobile station from the coverage area of the first service node to that of a second service node in the telecommunication network, continuous connectivity is ensured between the mobile station and the terminal node by establishing a new connection between the mobile station and the second service node, and extending the established new connection from the second service node to the terminal node.

Abstract: An antenna arrangement includes a first portion and a second portion, each portion being arranged spaced apart and on first and second sides of at least one carrier structure. Each of said first and second portions includes at least one antenna element. The antenna elements of each antenna portion are electrically connected and the antenna element of said first portion is arranged to transmit an incident electromagnetic radiation on said first side of said carrier in form of an electrical signal to the antenna element of said second portion on said second side of said carrier. The antenna element of said second portion is arranged to transform and radiate the electrical signal from the second side of the carrier. Each antenna element comprises a thin layer of a conductive coating arranged on at least part of surface of said carrier.

Abstract: In a method for regenerating an electrically conducting adsorbent laden with organic substances the adsorbent is heated by passing electric current through the adsorbent while not passing a flushing gas through the adsorbent. Subsequently, the flushing gas is passed through the adsorbent while not heating the adsorbent by passing electric current through the adsorbent so that the adsorbed organic substances are flushed from the adsorbent and the adsorbent is simultaneously cooled by the flushing gas.

Abstract: A device (10) for slitting sacks through the use of rotating blades or disks (12) comprises a housing (14) which accommodates at least one mechanically drivable shaft (16) on which blades or disks are mounted. The housing (14) has an inlet opening (18), through which the filled sacks are fed mechanically or under the action of gravity, and an outlet opening (20), through which the slit sacks and the material released from the sacks can be carried away under the action of gravity. Furthermore, a movable restraining apparatus (24) is driven by a drive assembly from a first position in which the restraining apparatus is in a covered state and prevents sacks from reaching the at least one cutting member to a second position in which the restaining apparatus is in a released state and allows sacks to reach the at least one cutting member.

Abstract: A combination hat and golf ball marking device is provided. The hat includes a generally round convex-shaped body portion for placing over the a skull of a golfer. A bill member extends from a front side of the body portion and works to shade the face of the golfer. A removable golf ball marker is received and retained by a receptacle located at a crown portion of the hat body portion. The marker has a head member and a post for inserting within the ground of a putting green when a golfer has removed his golf ball therefrom. The post inserts into a bore in the receptacle when the marker is not being used.

Abstract: A multiband PIFA (planar inverted-F) antenna. A preferred embodiment makes use of a spiral slot. The spiral slot is formed to cause multiple frequency dependent nulls in the antenna's electric field modal distribution. The preferred embodiment antenna has a single element patch radiator formed on a dielectric support in an inverted-F relationship with a first ground plane. The dielectric support may be part of a device housing or internal board, e.g., a PCB board. The patch radiator includes a spiral slot. A feed is made to the single element patch radiator in a location relative to the spiral slot to ensure that portions of the single element patch radiator enclosed by the spiral slot are fed as a series extension of another portion of said patch radiator. According to a preferred embodiment, the patch radiator may be formed from a single conductive sheet, plating or deposit along with the shorting post and feed.

Abstract: A method for managing of a plurality of extension communication units in a cellular communication system by a directory and conference call decision process. A subscriber telephone number directory identifies those extension communication units which will receive the call. A conference call decision process allows the subscribers, rather than the system, to determine who will take the call. All subscribers have the same priority for answering the call and minimum resources are utilized to reach the correct extension communication unit.

Abstract: A finger joint prosthesis for MP joint or PIP joint in which a socket has an opening at a portion thereof and a spherical face on an inner side thereof and is integrally formed with a stem on a side opposed to the opening, a head has a spherical portion fit to the spherical face via the opening and is integrally formed with a stem extending outwardly from the opening and a sheath for surrounding the stem of either of the socket and head is provided and the stem is movable slidably in an axial direction by adhering and fixing the sheath to a narrow cavity at a nearly disposed portion or a remotely disposed portion whereby the joint prosthesis is matched with motional characteristic of finger.

Abstract: An interbar assembly (34) for reversibly attaching a supplemental device, e.g., grenade launcher (32), to a host weapon, e.g., rifle (10). A preferred interbar assembly (34) attaches at its forward end to the rifle barrel (16), and at its rearward end to a “brace” (37) located in the breech area of the rifle (10). In a preferred embodiment, such connection can be made without the need for special tools after simply removing the host weapon lower hand guard (26b), which is readily removable, but without any other alterations.

Abstract: A multi frequency band antenna with a low band portion (LB) tuned to a low frequency band, and a first high band portion (HB1) tuned to a first high frequency band at higher frequencies than the low frequency band. The low band portion (LB) and the first high band portion (HB1) have a common first grounding point (GP1), a common feeding point (FP) for feeding input signals to the antenna and for outputting signals from the antenna, and a first conductor portion (CP1), which forms part of the low band portion (LB) and of the first high band portion (HB1). The first conductor portion (CP1) is electrically connected to the first grounding point (GP1) and to the common feeding point (FP), A second high band portion (HB2) is coupled to the first conductor portion (CP1) and tuned to a second high frequency band at a higher frequency than the low frequency band and different from the first high frequency band.

Abstract: An ultrasonic gas meter housing member is configured to provide an associated multi-configuration ultrasonic gas meter assembly. The housing member is installable in an ultrasonic gas flow meter which includes an internal flow measurement tube along which gas travels for flow measurement, the tube having an inlet end and an outlet end. The ultrasonic gas meter housing member includes a closed back portion and a front portion spaced from the back portion to define a space for receiving the internal flow measurement tube such that the tube extends across the internal space of the housing member. At least one wall portion extends between the back portion and the front portion, the wall portion having a first opening and a second opening therethrough for connection of the housing member to a gas inlet pipe and a gas outlet pipe. The gas meter housing member is symmetrical about a plane which divides the housing member into a first portion and a second portion.