Abstract: A reference electrode for an electrochemical three-electrode sensor, including a shaft, a platinum electrode embedded in the shaft, a platinum oxide coat at least partially covering the platinum electrode, and a polyhydantoin coat completely covering the platinum oxide coat and any exposed surface of the electrode not coated with platinum oxide.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an immersion casting pipe for feeding molten steel from a casting vessel into a mold having wide side walls and narrow side walls for the production of flat products. The immersion casting pipe has a pipe piece which adjoins the casting vessel and expands in cross section in the direction of the narrow side walls of the mold. The pipe piece is provided with a central base member at the lower end which allows for outlet openings for the melt. For the purpose of developing an immersion outlet which allows higher slab withdrawal speed of up to 6 m/min with slabs measuring 50 to 100 mm in thickness and 600 mm to 2000 mm in width, the inner wall of the portion of the immersion casting pipe which widens in cross section forms flow channels in conjunction with the opposite wall parts of the base member. The axes of the flow channels enclose an angle .alpha. between 10.degree. and 22.degree.

Abstract: A blade guide of a guillotine shear for flying transverse parting of strips, particularly steel strips. The shear having a shear housing in which blades fastened to blade supports are movable relative to one another on parallel guide paths for cutting and transversely to the guide paths in the running direction of the strip and at the running speed of the strip. The guide paths are arranged in a guide frame which is movable horizontally in the shear housing and the blade supports in the guide frame can be set in rotation by means of crank mechanisms which are supported in the shear housing and are associated with each blade support.

Abstract: An electrochemical sensor having at least two electrodes that communicate with a liquid measurement cell electrolyte and a housing that encloses the electrodes and the electrolyte. The surfaces of the electrodes facing the electrolyte bridge web connecting the electrodes are covered with a semipermeable membrane.

Abstract: Dust like substances which are recovered from a garbage or refuse incinerator are destroyed, eliminated or disposed of by smelting in a low shaft electric furnace having at least one electrode heating a slag melt therein. The dust is introduced into the melt by a lance opening beneath the melting surface and gas produced by the smelting process is subjected to cleaning. The slag may be continuously or discontinuously withdrawn and slag formers may be compensatorily added. A metal bath consisting predominantly of iron may be provided below the slag melt to protect metallic components of the dust upon the smelting thereof.

Abstract: A substantially uniform and nevertheless low feed line resistance of the conductor paths (L.sub.i) can be realized for all heating elements in an ink jet printer by a suitable dimensioning of a transition structure (UV) of a conductor path layout disposed on a thin-film substrate. This transition structure connects the conductor paths of close spacing (LA) in the region of the heating elements (RH) to the conductor paths of wide spacing (LB) in the region of the bonding contacts to each other. For this purpose a dimensioning requirement is required, which in case of predetermined input values, i.e. the conductor path widths (d.sub.a, d.sub.b) and the separation distance widths (s.sub.a, s.sub.b) furnishes in the two regions and in the separation distance width (s.sub.v) of the transition structure (UV) as starting value the conductor width (d.sub.v) in the transition structure (UV).

Abstract: A pair of edging rolls for edging the flange edges of symmetrical steel sections, particularly I-girders. Each edging roll has a barrel engaging in the inner contour of the steel section and guiding the section, and two edging paths adjoining the barrel on either side and extending outwardly in a conical shape for the flange edges of the section. The edging paths are arranged at the outer circumference of bushings which are guided so as to be displaceable coaxially at both sides of the barrel on the roll body. The bushings have end faces which face one another and engage in annular recesses of the barrel.

Abstract: A pipeline with threaded pipes and a sleeve connecting the pipes which is hung in a drill hole for transporting a liquid and/or gaseous medium. An electrically driven pump or compressor is arranged at the start of the pipeline in the region of the base of the drill hole and the electric motor is supplied with electric power via a cable hung in the drill hole. In order to allow for large cable cross sections for the electric drive of a turbopump or a turbocompressor and to prevent impermissible loading of the cable, each sleeve of the pipeline has at least one groove extending in the longitudinal direction at its outer casing, the cable being guided in this groove.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the continuous reduction and soft annealing of water atomized iron powder which is conducted in the form of a loose powder layer through an indirectly heated treatment chamber with a heating zone, a reduction zone, and a cooling zone. For increasing the throughput while reducing the energy and reduction agent required, it is proposed that the powder layer is revolved during the travel through the treatment chamber with continuous mixing at least in the reduction zone, wherein the temperature is 800.degree.-950.degree. C. and that, for-controlling the dewpoint of the furnace atmosphere, fresh reduction gas is permanently introduced directly into the reduction zone.

Abstract: In a receiver cassette for web material (1), for example for an exposed film web material, the web material exits out of an optical flying spot scanning device (2). The web material (1) passes into an entrance slot (13a) a light-sealed casing (13). A rotatably supported hub (5) of a spool is disposed in the interior (13b) of the light-sealed casing (13). In order to increase the receiving capacity of web material lengths and in order to allow a fully automatic winding formation there is provided a motor-driven hub (5) of the spool. The hub (5) of the spool exhibits an about centric clamping slot (14). When a clamping slot entrance opening (16) of the hub (5) of the spool is directed substantially in upward direction in a base position (15) the hub (5) of the spool is furnished with position-defining means (18) in the end regions (17) of the hub (5) of the spool. The position-defining means (18) maintain the hub (5) of a spool in rest position in the base position (15).

Abstract: A compressor arrangement for producing compressed air includes a compressor connected through a line to devices using the compressed gas and a supercharger driven by the exhaust of a heat engine. In order to improve the overall efficiency of the arrangement, the compressor is driven by the drive side of the heat engine and the supercharger is arranged in one of an intake line and a pressure line of the compressor. The pressure line forms the connection between the compressor and a pressure reservoir which is connected through another line to the devices using the compressed gas.

Abstract: A tiltable tray apparatus of a sorting conveyor installation for depositing unit loads by a swiveling movement from a horizontal transporting position into a tilting position with a conveyor device, on which the tray is arranged by a supporting member which extends in a vertical direction in the transporting position. A ball joint is provided at the supporting member for swiveling movement of the tray, and two knee levers are arranged between the tray and the conveyor device adjacent to the supporting member at both sides thereof as seen in the conveying direction and connected with the conveyor device and the tray by a joint in each instance. The joints at the knee levers have one end constructed as ball joints and another end as hinge joints, each hinge joint having a swivel axis which is aligned parallel to an opposite tilting axis extending through an articulation point of the ball joint of the supporting member and an articulation point of the other knee lever.

Abstract: A mold for horizontal continuous casting of steel to form large-format slab cross sections, particularly flat products, includes a water-cooled metal casing forming the mold cavity for a slab and a brake ring for the melt feed which is supported at the mold on the pour-in side and connects the mold with a melt supply vessel (distributor) via a connecting casting tube. In order to provide an inexpensive and particularly stable mold, the mold is closed on the pour-in side by a metal plate along a part of the free cross-sectional area of the mold cavity. The plate has one or more openings for receiving a break ring. An end plate which overlaps the metal plate is arranged in front of the metal plate in surface contact with the metal plate. The end plate is provided with openings which coincide with the openings in the metal plate with respect to position and number. Ducts for guiding cooling water are incorporated in the end plate.

Abstract: A process for cold pilger rolling of thin-walled pipes having small outer diameters in which calibrated rolls are moved along the intermittently stationary pipe, inside of which a roll mandrel which is likewise calibrated assists in the shaping of the inner and outer pipe in the shaping region. To produce pipes which are thinner and have thinner walls than was formerly possible, the pipe to be shaped and the shaping tools (rolls and roll mandrel) are warmed up to operating temperature before and/or during the starting rolling phase of the pipes to be shaped.

Abstract: The invention concerns a jet compressor for gaseous media for use in metallurgical or chemical processes having a driving nozzle which is arranged centrically in a jet head and directed toward a mixing chamber with which a diffuser is connected coaxially. In order to avoid the conventional disadvantages and provide a jet compressor which is simple in design and as compact as possible and to achieve improved efficiency and pressure ratios in comparison to jet devices of the same scale while operating in a reliable manner, it is proposed that the driving nozzle (10) be a ring jet nozzle having a conical central body (12) which narrows in diameter conically toward the mixing chamber (31) of the nozzle (30).

Abstract: A method for driving printing elements of a dot matrix printer provides that the matrix dots to be printed are to be thinned out without any thin lines, in particular steeply inclined thin lines, being lost. To this end, the columns of the matrix are considered to be arranged next to each other in pairs, and before the matrix dots in each line (Z) of the matrix are thinned out, a matrix dot is placed before or after a matrix dot used initially to create the character, so that both matrix dots belonging to a pair of columns (SP1, SP5) are covered by a line (Z). During the subsequent thinning out, the lines are printed sufficiently well and clearly. The process is intended for use in dot matrix printers.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a multi-tier parking facility system for depositing and removing vehicles, particularly passenger automobiles. The facility includes parking devices which are arranged in a plurality of levels in corresponding parking spaces. Each parking device has plural comb-like carrying arms for receiving the vehicles. A tier conveyor is vertically movable between drive-in and drive-out areas for receiving and discharging the vehicle at a selected level. The tier conveyor includes a transfer device having comb-like carrying arms. The transfer device includes a lifting device for transferring the vehicles to and from the parking device respectively. The parking devices are horizontally movable on parking rails arranged in the parking space and on travel rails arranged on the tier conveyor. The parking devices are pulled out of and pushed into the parking spaces or boxes by a hauling device which is arranged at the tier conveyor.

Abstract: A method and an arrangement for compressing gas in a compressor station for a gas pipeline, especially in areas of permanent frost, wherein the gas is supplied in the gas pipeline to the compressor station at an entry pressure and the gas is returned to the pipeline for further transportation in the pipeline at a desired exit temperature and at an exit pressure which is higher than the entry pressure. The gas is initially compressed at least during individual time intervals to an excess pressure which is substantially higher than the desired exit pressure. The compressed gas is then cooled by heat exchange to a temperature above the desired exit temperature. Finally, the gas is further cooled to the desired exit temperature by expanding the gas from the excess pressure to the exit pressure.

Abstract: An air hardening steel which is killed during casting used as material for manufacturing structural tubes for structural elements which are subjected to high mechanical loads, particularly for door reinforcements in the manufacture of automobiles. The steel is composed of in percent by weight:0.15-0.30% C0.50-0.80% Si2.05-3.35% Mnmax. 0.03% Pmax. 0.03% S0.50-1.00% Crmax. 0.60% Momax. 0.05% Al0.01-0.05% Ti0.0015-0.0035% B0.002-0.015% Nremainder iron and impurities,wherein:Ti(%):N(%).gtoreq.3.4%Mn(%)+Cr (%)+Mo(%)+Si(%).gtoreq.3.3%.

Abstract: The transport device (10, 10a) for web-shaped recording substrates (3, 3a, 3b) includes transport devices (13, 13a, 15, 15a, 15b) driven by an electromotor, wherein the transport devices (13, 13a, 15, 15a, 15b) transport back and forth and asynchronously the recording substrate (3, 3a, 3b) from a starting position (IP, IP1, SP, SP1) to a target position (PP, PP1, TP, TP1). A gear coupling (16, 16a, 16b) is in addition coordinated to the transport devices (13, 13a, 15, 15a, 15b), wherein the gear coupling (16, 16a, 16b) controls automatically the tension of the recording substrate (3, 3a, 3b) tensioned between the transport devices (13, 13a, 15, 15a, 15b).