Abstract: The invention is based on the idea that in an intelligent network the order of execution of service programs at one point during the call, such as the detection point, is defined, and the service programs are contacted in this order until instructions are received to leave the point or release the call. The order of execution is defined by dealing with one category of service-related detection points after another, and within each category with a control relationship the order of execution is defined by a priority set for service programs.

Abstract: It is advantageous to distribute tasks of network services logically into separate service programs and also physically into several control points. A problem in task distribution is the single point of control, whereby only one service program at a time can control the call. The invention concerns a method of service distribution to several service programs (SLP). A control relationship is formed between the switching point (SSP, MSC) and the service program (SLP) providing it with instructions. The method according to the invention is characterized in that the controllability of the relationship is divided into controllability classes, of which at least one is allocated to the service program (SLP) controlling the switching point (SSP, MSC) so that each controllability class is allocated to only one service program at a time, and the call is controlled by the service within the limitations of the control authorization of each controllability class.

Abstract: A packet transmission method and apparatus, according to which short data samples or mini packets from several simultaneous connections are multiplexed to a variable length packet. The length of the mini packets is defined in a common length field for mini packets of the same length, which saves bandwidth. Each mini packet has its own header, which defines at least an identification information of the mini packet. Thus, the variable length packet, e.g. an IP packet, includes a plurality of mini packets with a minimum header portion, such that transmission overhead is reduced due to the fact that most mini packets tend to be of the same length. Moreover, different queues for mini packets of one respective length may be provided, from which mini packets of one length are multiplexed to the variable length data packet. Thereby, the ratio of variable length data packets including mini packets of one length is further increased so as to further decrease the transmission overhead.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and system for tracing a subscription in a telecommunication system. The telecommunication system comprises a local exchange, an access node connected to the local exchange, a wireless link system connected to the access node and a telecommunication terminal connected via the wireless link system to the access node. In the telecommunication system, an IMEI code corresponding to the telecommunication terminal and an IMSI code corresponding to the subscriber have been defined. In the method of the invention, the tracing of the subscription is started on the basis of the IMEI code and the tracing is converted into IMSI tracing. In the system, the access node comprises means for tracing a subscription on the basis of the IMEI code and means for converting the IMEI tracing into IMSI tracing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a resonator assembly (1) comprising a helix resonator (2) consisting of a conductor wound as a cylindrical coil, and a housing (4) at least partly made conductive material and enveloping the helix resonator. In order to provide a resonator assembly with a better Q factor without the resonator assembly consequently significantly increasing in size, the conductor forming the cylindrical coil (2) continues as a straight conductor part (3), which extends from the cylindrical coil (2) substantially in the direction of the longitudinal axis (7) of the cylindrical coil, whereby said straight part constitutes a coaxial resonator. Further, a housing (4) envelopes the resonator formed by a combination of the helix resonator (2) and the coaxial resonator (3).

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical telecommunications network comprising several nodes (N1 . . . N8) interconnected by optical transmission paths that form several working rings (R1 . . . R5), each of which passes via every node (N1 . . . N8). Information is transmitted in the network at several different wavelengths. To ensure that the network can be implemented as cost-effectively as possible, it comprises N nodes (N1 . . . N8), N/2 working rings (R1 . . . R4), and N wavelengths (I1 to I4) in such a way that each node in the group of nodes is configured to receive signals at all the wavelengths in the group of wavelengths from only one of the rings in the group of rings as well as to transmit to at least all those rings in the group of rings from which the said node does not receive.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of measuring a time difference and a radio system employing the method, the radio system comprising base stations, terminals, time difference units and a time difference centre. A real time difference of the base station is formed on the basis of measurements carried out by the time difference units by means of an observed time difference and a geometrical time difference in the time difference centre as a function of time, in which case the moment of occurrence of the real time difference measured is connected to the real time difference RTD of the base station.

Abstract: A signalling method in a wireless digital telecommunication system, where the signals between a base station and a terminal comprise bursts generated from symbols. The symbols comprise at least one stealing symbol indicating, if necessary, the use of a traffic channel for signalling. The symbols are generated from several bits by modulating and the stealing symbol is used for transmitting various signalling messages. A signalling message to be transferred is coded into a code word which is placed into one or more stealing symbols. The code word may be interleaved into the stealing symbols of several bursts. The method can be used, for example, for controlling the transmission power of the mobile station and the base station.

Abstract: The invention relates to a monitoring method and monitoring arrangement, which receives a parallel-mode signal transferred to the arrangement by using a clock signal. The monitoring arrangement comprises a counter counting clock signals, a monitoring means, a control means, a second means and a first means where the parallel-mode signal is transferred by using the clock signal, the signal being converted to seemingly serial mode in the first means which transfers the signal it has converted to serial mode to the first means one bit at a time by using the above mentioned clock signal. The first and second means transfer their seemingly serial-mode output signals to the monitoring means which searches the received signals for a predetermined bit pattern where the control means locks to. On the basis of the number of the clock signals it has counted, the counter defines the signal point to be monitored.

Abstract: The invention related to method for providing connection security for the transmission between communicating parties in a telecommunication network, the method comprising the steps of: exchanging security parameters between communicating parties, providing connection security for messages based on these security parameters, and transmitting said messages between communicating parties. It is characteristic for the method according to the invention that it further comprises the steps of: reaching agreement between communicating parties on an interval for recalculation of the security parameters, monitoring of the interval for recalculation by the communicating parties, recalculating the security parameters at the agreed interval, and providing connection security for messages based on the latest recalculated security parameters.

Abstract: The invention relates to a calculating method and a radio system comprising a set of emitters and a set of receivers and a measuring means, which measure the time difference between the reception moments of signals transmitted by the transmitted while the receiver is receiving signals, and which calculate the geometrical time difference of he signals transmitted by the transmitters. The radio system comprises a calculating means, which form the real time difference between the transmission moments of the signals transmitted by the transmitters as a function of time by means of measuring the time difference of the signals received by the receiver and by means of the geometrical time difference, in such a way that the calculating means and the geometrical time difference to the time difference based on the reception moments.

Abstract: Traffic load in a congested cell in a mobile communication system is controlled by handovers into nearby cells which are less congested. Parametrisation and signalling are reduced based on integration of the functionality in one network element.

Abstract: The idea of this invention is to control different types of network elements with the same management system by connecting the network elements into the management system using a conversion element. The control messages such as alarms and acknowledgments transmitted by the network element via a modem and being dependent on the network element type are directed to the conversion element. The conversion element converts the message transmitted by the network element into a format understood by the management system and then transmits the converted message to the management system. Correspondingly, the management system transmits the configuration messages to the conversion element in its own format. The conversion element converts the message on the basis of the information about the identity of the receiving network element to the format used by the network element and transmits it forward. For the message format conversion, the conversion element uses a conversion file.

Abstract: The invention concerns a procedure and system for verification of the duration of a process started in a telecommunication system. The duration of the process is based on processor operation at a given instant defined according to the internal calendar time of the system. The duration of the process is measured as the time interval between the start and end instants according to the calendar time of the operating system. The duration of the process is also measured by a timer independent of calendar time, and the measurement of the duration of the process is verified by comparing the duration determined by calendar time with the duration determined by the timer independent of calendar time.

Abstract: A transistor amplifier utilizes a dual loop feedback control circuit and an impedance matching circuit to provide improved linear and return loss performance characteristics. The transistor amplifier comprises a transistor for linearly amplifying an input signal, the transistor having a base, a collector and an emitter, the base having an input impedance, the collector having an output impedance. The dual loop feedback control circuit comprising a series feedback resistor electrically coupled between the emitter and a ground potential and a shunt feedback resistor electrically coupled between the collector and base. The dual loop feedback control circuit converts the input impedance to a conjugate of a source resistance and the output impedance to optimum load impedance.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for estimating the interference level in a cellular radio system comprising in each cell a base station (100) in each cell, and a number of subscriber terminals (108 to 112) communicating with the base station. The terminals measure power levels from those frequencies which are on the list that is maintained by the terminal and comprised those base stations and frequencies to which the terminal can perform a handover. In the solution of the invention the list also comprises frequencies whose power level information is used for the frequency planning of the system. Frequency planning can thus be implemented without any separate means.

Abstract: Method and system for presenting the price of a telecommunication connection on the telecommunication terminal of the committer of the telecommunication connection in a telecommunication system comprising a telephone exchange, a telecommunication terminal communicating with the telephone exchange via a telecommunication network and a billing center which takes care of charge calculation in the network and is connected to the telephone exchange. According to the invention, connection-specific advice-of-charge data is transmitted to the telecommunication terminal at the beginning of the telecommunication connection, using the telecommunication terminal, a price for the telecommunication connection is calculated from the advice-of-charge data; and the calculated price of the telecommunication connection is presented on the telecommunication terminal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mobile communication system comprising a mobile services switching center and a visitor location register and a home location register, the information on particular subscriber stations being stored therein, and comprising means for transmitting a cancellation message to said visitor location register for removing the subscriber information on a particular subscriber station from the visitor location register. To enable the connections of the mobile station to be disconnected, the visitor location register comprises disconnection means for transmitting a predetermined disconnection message to the mobile services switching center, comprises means for disconnecting an ongoing connection of the mobile station in response to said disconnection message.

Abstract: A method for minimizing the effect of interference in a radio system including a radio system comprises a measuring means which is adapted to measure the transmission frequency of the power control requests transmitted by a base transceiver station to each subscriber terminal. The radio system comprises an attenuation means which is adapted to alter the attenuation of the signals arriving at the reception band of the base transceiver station and which are transmitted by the subscriber terminal, the transmission frequency of power control requests transmitted to which has exceeded a predefined transmission frequency of power control requests.

Abstract: A method encodes an input data block with a block encoder. The block encoder is capable of processing consecutive coding blocks whose size has an upper limit which is smaller than the size of the input data block. The method comprises: determining the length of the input data block before encoding any of its data with the block encoder; dividing the input data block to a plurality of segments wherein all segments are of substantially equal size and no segment is larger than the upper limit; and processing each segment with the block encoder. If the last segment is shorter than the remaining segments, fill bits can be added to the last segment such that its length equals that of the remaining segments.