Abstract: The invention provides compounds capable of acting as antagonists at cannabanoid receptors according to the following formula: Such compounds may be used to treat conditions for which the cannabinoid receptor system has been implicated, such as obesity, liver disease, diabetes, pain, and inflammation.

Abstract: A lighting device (100) includes a housing (104), a light converter (136), one or more light sources (132), and one or more optical waveguides (160). The housing includes a light exit (124) for outputting a combination of primary light (140) and secondary light (156,158). The light source emits a primary light beam of a primary wavelength. The optical waveguide includes an input end (162) optically coupled to the light source, and an output end (164) facing a housing interior (108) and positioned at an angle to an axial direction through the housing interior. The optical waveguide directs the primary light beam from the light source, through the housing interior and toward a luminescent material of the light converter. The luminescent material emits secondary light of one or more wavelengths different from the primary wavelength in response to excitation by the primary light beam. The light source may be mounted outside the housing interior so as not to obstruct light propagation.

Abstract: A fluoride treated ceramic material is provided, the ceramic material comprising fluorinated metal oxide on its surface. A method for the preparation of such treated ceramics is also provided, the method involving exposure of the ceramic to a fluorine-containing reagent. The ceramic materials can be further functionalized so as to bond to functional ligands and/or resins. The ceramic materials can be, for example, ceramic medical implants or particulate ceramic, which can be incorporated within dental and/or orthopedic composites.

Abstract: This invention is directed to novel mixed transition metal iron (II/III) catalysts for the extraction of oxygen from CO2 and the selective reaction with organic compounds.

Abstract: A photodetector includes one or more photodiodes and a signal processing circuit. Each photodiode includes a transparent first electrode, a second electrode, and a heterojunction interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. Each heterojunction includes a quantum dot layer and a fullerene layer disposed directly on the quantum dot layer. The signal processing circuit is in signal communication each the second electrode. The photodetector may be responsive to wavelengths in the infrared, visible, and/or ultraviolet ranges. The quantum dot layer may be treated with a chemistry that increases the charge carrier mobility of the quantum dot layer.

Abstract: A gas processing device such as an aerosol exposure monitor is configured for acquiring chronic data, acute data, or both simultaneously, and may include a pump and a noise dampening device. The noise dampening device may include an elastomeric membrane between an inlet chamber and an outlet chamber. In another aspect, an aerosol exposure monitor may include an impactor, a collection filter, and a nephelometer that includes a sample chamber integrated with an aerosol flow path associated with the impactor and collection filter.

Abstract: Provided herein are compounds and methods of preparation of compounds that are capable of functioning as agonists or antagonists of a nicotinic receptor. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprising one or more of these compounds, which may further comprise one or more additional therapeutic agents. Further provided are methods of treatment of various conditions that may be responsive to such activity at the nicotinic receptors, such as nicotine dependence.

Abstract: An apparatus for use with a neutron source for producing reaction-product nuclei from reactant nuclei includes a plurality of reactant nuclei and a plurality of moderating nuclei. The reactant nuclei and the moderating nuclei are configured to increase the probability of neutron capture by reactant nuclei to achieve enhanced ratios of neutron capture by reactant nuclei to neutron source neutron production. Moderating nuclei and neutron reflection are used to minimize neutron leakage. Temperature control, including cryogenic temperature control, may be used to enhance the rate or probability of reactant nuclei neutron capture. The reactant nuclei may include molybdenum-98 and reaction-product nuclei may include technetium-99m.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a substrate including a front side, a back side, a thickness between the front side and back side, one or more front-side vias extending from the front side into a part of the thickness, and an interconnect via extending from the back side toward the front side; a contact pad on the front side and including one or more protrusions extending through corresponding front-side vias and into the interconnect via; and an interconnect extending through the interconnect via and into contact with the protrusion(s).

Abstract: Computer-implemented methods and computer-readable media are disclosed for processing call-for-service data to facilitate queries and reports to enhance usefulness of call-for-service data. In one embodiment, a computer-implemented method performable by a computer system includes receiving at a computer system data for a plurality of calls-for-service. Individual data for an individual call-for-service includes one or more fields storing information relating to the call-for-service. Based on the information stored within the one or more fields of the individual data, one or more supplemental classifiers are automatically identified. The one or more supplemental classifiers are associated with the individual data. The one or more supplemental classifiers associated with the individual data enable the individual call-for-service to be identified when the one or more supplemental classifiers match one or more specified criteria.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds capable of acting as antagonists at cannabanoid receptors according to the following formula: Such compounds may be used to treat conditions for which the cannabinoid receptor system has been implicated, such as obesity, liver disease, diabetes, pain, and inflammation.

Abstract: A filtration device including a base filtration material having openings for fluid flow there through and a filtration medium. The filtration medium includes a plurality of patterned nanofibers formed on the base filtration material. The filtration medium has a figure of merit greater than 30 kPa?1, where the figure of merit is given by ?Log (Pt)/?P, where Pt is the fractional penetration of a specific aerosol particle diameter and ?P is a pressure drop across the filtration medium corresponding to a face velocity of 5.3 cm/s and particle size of 0.3 microns.

Abstract: Sub-arrays such as tiles or chips having pixel elements arranged on a routing layer or carrier to form a larger array. Through-chip vias or the like to the backside of the chip are used for connecting with the pixel elements. Edge features of the tiles may provide for physical alignment, mechanical attachment and chip-to-chip communication. Edge damage tolerance with minimal loss of function may be achieved by moving unit cell circuitry and the electrically active portions of a pixel element away from the tile edge(s) while leaving the optically active portion closer to the edge(s) if minor damage will not cause a complete failure of the pixel. The pixel elements may be thermal emitter elements for IR image projectors, thermal detector elements for microbolometers, LED-based emitters, or quantum photon detectors such as those found in visible, infrared and ultraviolet FPAs (focal plane arrays), and the like. Various architectures are disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for modulating electric current. An electron source electrode provides a flow of electrons in a partial vacuum environment. An ionizable gas in the partial vacuum environment forms positively charged ion particles in response to impact with the electrons from the electron source electrode. Application of a bias voltage differential between a first bias electrode and a second bias electrode in the partial vacuum environment forms an electric field gradient in a path of the flow of electrons. A collector electrode in the partial vacuum environment collects more electrons than ion particles when a collector electrode input voltage is above a threshold, and collects more ion particles than electrons when the collector electrode input voltage is below the threshold.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds capable of acting as antagonists at cannabanoid receptors according to the following formula: Such compounds may be used to treat conditions for which the cannabinoid receptor system has been implicated, such as obesity, liver disease, diabetes, pain, and inflammation.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a substrate including a front side, a back side, a thickness between the front side and back side, one or more front-side vias extending from the front side into a part of the thickness, and an interconnect via extending from the back side toward the front side; a contact pad on the front side and including one or more protrusions extending through corresponding front-side vias and into the interconnect via; and an interconnect extending through the interconnect via and into contact with the protrusion(s).

Abstract: A photoluminescent nanofiber composite includes a nanofiber substrate, first luminescent particles, and second luminescent particles. The first luminescent particles are supported by the nanofibers and span at least a portion of a substrate surface, as a layer on the substrate surface, or with some particles located in a bulk of the substrate, or both. The second luminescent particles are disposed on the substrate. The second luminescent particles may be disposed directly on the substrate surface or on the first luminescent particles. The second luminescent particles may be deposited in a pattern of deposition units. The first and second luminescent particles are configured for emitting light of different respective wavelengths in response to excitation by a light beam. One or more surface treatment coatings may be provided at different locations.

Abstract: Integrated upconversion devices capable of upconverting incident visible to short wavelength infrared photons to visible photons are disclosed. The device may include a quantum dot-based photodiode and a light-emitting diode. The device may further include a gain element such as a thin-film transistor.

Abstract: Compounds are provided having agonistic activity against G protein-coupled receptor 35 (GPR35). The compounds are useful for providing antinociception, providing neuroprotection in case of stroke or ischemia, or treating gastric inflammation.

Abstract: A temperature sensor includes a photon source, a fluorescent element and a photodetector. The fluorescent element includes a temperature-insensitive first fluorophore and a temperature-sensitive second fluorophore. The photodetector includes a first photosensor exhibiting a first spectral responsivity and a second photosensor exhibiting a second spectral responsivity. To measure a temperature of a surface, the fluorescent element may be placed adjacent to the surface and irradiated with a photon beam. First photons emitted from the first fluorophore and second photons emitted from the second fluorophore are collected. The first and second photons may be transmitted as a single dichromatic beam to the photodetector. The photosensors generate two different photodetector output signals, the ratio of which may be correlated to temperature.