Abstract: The methods and systems of the present invention is an algorithm which estimates motion inside objects that change during the scan. The algorithm is flexible and can be used for solving the misalignment correction problem and, more generally, for finding scan parameters that are not accurately known. The algorithm is based on Local Tomography so it is faster and is not limited to a source trajectory for which accurate and efficient inversion formulas exist.

Abstract: Toughened thermosetting resins comprising thermosetting resins and rubber particles having an average particle size in the range of 20 to 500nm. The toughened resins are obtained by mixing a fully vulcanized powdery rubber having an average particle size in the range of 20 to 500nm with thermosetting resin prepolymers and then curing them. The toughened thermosetting resins comprise rubber phases having a small, uniform and stable particle size, which results in a very significant toughening effect, especially when crazes rapidly grow (as in a standard Izod impact test). The toughened thermosetting resins are excellent in impact resistance, strength, modulus and heat resistance, and when appropriately toughened, the thermosetting resins can be enhanced in terms of impact strength, glass transition temperature and heat distortion temperature.

Abstract: Methods, processes and systems of image reconstruction using variable filter length local tomography, for reconstructing internal body images in medical applications, and the like. Algorithm uses less radiation, less computer power than prior art, and without using iteration algorithms so that all target sizes from large to small can be reconstructed.

Abstract: A micro cooling fan comprises a housing and a main circuit board. The housing has an accommodation space, a first inner surface, and a gap. The gap is in communication with the accommodation space, and two opposite side edges of the gap have a groove respectively. The main circuit board comprises a first circuit board and a second circuit board. The first circuit board has a stator, the second circuit board has a driving circuit, and the stator is electrically connected to the driving circuit. The first circuit board is disposed on the first inner surface, and the second circuit board is embedded into the grooves and blocks the gap.

Abstract: A computer-implemented system and method for tagging a parking space for a motor vehicle through a gesture is provided. Motor vehicle parking spaces are managed through a server. Smart parking devices physically proximate to the parking spaces are interfaced. Vehicle occupancy sensors also physically proximate the parking spaces are interfaced. Parking availability indicators associated with the parking spaces are interfaced. Those parking spaces that are unoccupied based on their respective vehicle occupancy sensors and currently available over any other reservations stored in the server are identified to a driver of a motor vehicle. One of the unoccupied parking spaces is reserved upon a gesture provided by the driver. Occupancy of the reserved unoccupied parking space is sensed through the nearest vehicle occupancy sensor following parking of the motor vehicle. The identity of the motorist is verified against the reservation through the nearest smart parking device.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and method for generating digital cinema content and an apparatus and method for playing digital cinema content. The method of playing digital cinema content using a digital cinema package (DCP) including frame data having a first resolution and length information about frame data having a second resolution lower than the first resolution, and a key delivery message (KDM) includes obtaining a material exchange format (MXF) file and a decryption key by parsing the DCP and the KDM, extracting an encrypted triplet from the MXF file, extracting the length information about the second-resolution frame data using the encrypted triplet and the decryption key, decrypting an amount of data required to decrypt the second-resolution frame data in the first-resolution frame data using the length information about the second-resolution frame data, and decoding the decrypted second-resolution frame data.

Abstract: A photovoltaic cell comprising having improved absorption of electromagnetic radiation is disclosed. The photovoltaic cell can include a rear contact, a first cell having a first band-gap energy, and a rear contact in electrical communication with an electromechanical device. The first cell can include InxGaySbz, where x+y+z=1 and z ranges from 0.00001 to 0.025. the photovoltaic cell can also include a second cell having a second band-gap energy, and a first tunnel disposed between the first and second cells. The photovoltaic cell can include at least a third cell and a second tunnel disposed between the second and third cells. The uppermost cell can include GaP or InP.

Abstract: A daisy-chained memory topology wherein, in addition to the prediction of the timing of receipt of a response from a memory module (DIMM), the memory controller can effectively predict when a command sent by it will be executed by the addressee DIMM. By programming DIMM-specific command delay in the DIMM's command delay unit, the command delay balancing methodology according to the present disclosure “normalizes” or “synchronizes” the execution of the command signal across all DIMMs in the memory channel. By predicting command execution timing, the memory controller can efficiently control power profile of all the DRAM devices (or memory modules) on a daisy-chained memory channel. A separate DIMM-specific response delay unit in the DIMM is programmable to provide DIMM-specific delay compensation in the response path, further allowing the memory controller to accurately ascertain the timing of receipt of a response.

Abstract: Systems and methods for arranging participant interview clips for conducting ethnographic research. Video clips and photographs of interviews of participants in a market research study are stored in a database. Each item stored in the database is tagged with an interpretive tag indicative of an observed behavioral, attitudinal, or emotive characteristic of the participant. A user searches the database for tags or search terms of interest, and selects clips from the search results for inclusion in a perspective, which is a collection of selected clips and their associated tags and comments from multiple users who collaborate to determine which clips to include in the perspective. The process of creating a perspective is iterative and collaborative, in which the database can be mined and re-mined using different search strategies by multiple users, who provide their comments on selected clips to form a perspective that can be used for product innovation.

Abstract: Methods for determining the fouling propensity of a hydrocarbon stream and for reducing fouling are provided. In one method, the fouling propensity of a hydrocarbon stream is determined by obtaining a parameter value indicative of the fouling propensity at no less than two different temperatures, and an activation energy of fouling by the hydrocarbon stream is derived therefrom. In another method, the thus obtained parameter value at no less than two different temperatures and the activation energy are used to select proper heating fluids and operating temperature and to determine whether to add an antifoulant to the hydrocarbon stream to reduce fouling at a given temperature.

Abstract: A 4-port strip line cell for generating standard near fields includes an upper conductor, a third port, a first port, a lower conductor, a second port and a fourth port. The third port supplies a power signal to the upper conductor. The first port terminates the upper conductor. The lower conductor is disposed to be spaced apart from the upper conductor. The second port is connected to the lower conductor so as to supply a power signal in the opposite direction of the third port. The fourth port terminates the lower conductor.

Abstract: A supporting head is provided with binaural artificial ears. Each binaural artificial ear comprises an auricle-shaped structure and a microphone. In order to enhance auditory localization cues, at least an upper part of the head is provided with an acoustically dampening surface.

Abstract: One embodiment provides a system to facilitate directed reading of a selected portion of an original document by a recipient. During operation, the system creates a transfer document based at least on the original document and the selected portion. The transfer document, when viewed by the recipient, enables the following operations: opening the transfer document to the selected portion without requiring manual navigation to the selected portion, highlighting the selected portion, obscuring a context surrounding the selected portion based at least on a distance metric from the selected portion, and directly navigating from one highlighted portion to another highlighted portion in the transfer document without requiring manual navigation within obscured contexts. After the system creates the transfer document, it sends the transfer document to the recipient.

Abstract: Determination of hydraulic properties such as porosity and permeability of soil is of paramount importance in hydrology and civil engineering. In order to achieve greater accuracy in determination of permeability of soil using falling head permeameter, the two important known constraints of human monitoring error in noting the falling water level between two selected levels and elapse time between these two levels had overcome through electronically sensing the levels between two selected points and activating the timer clock automatically by the pulses coming from senor. The precision in measurement of time lapse in 1/100th of a second enables greater accuracy in estimation of permeability. Provision of perforated Teflon disc above and below the soil core facilitates in application of water uniformly over the entire surface area of soil core at top and similar way permeated water leaving the soil core uniformly without any obstruction.

Abstract: The invention relates to microRNAs, methods of producing microRNAs and methods for using microRNAs.

Abstract: A package includes a first die and a second die, at least one of said first and second dies being a memory. The dies are connected to each other through an interface. The interface is configured to transport both control signals and memory transactions. A sampling circuit samples the control signals before transport on the interface. The sampling circuit is controlled in dependence on at least one quality of service parameter associated with a respective control signal.

Abstract: Apparatuses are provided for cleaning a processing component using megasonic energy including megasonic tanks, scanning megasonic plates, megasonic jets, and megasonic sweeping beams etc., in combination with selective chemistries to remove sub-micron particulate contaminants from the surfaces of the processing component that is used in cleaning semiconductor, medical, or any other processing substrates. The apparatus includes a processing chamber having a carrier element that is configured to support the processing component. The carrier element includes a mechanism to flip the processing component within the processing chamber during cleaning. A fluid supply assembly supplies a fluid to a surface of the processing component and a beam assembly equipped with a megasonic transducer is used to provide high frequency megasonic acoustic energy to the fluid during cleaning.

Abstract: Nanoimprint molds for molding a surface of a material are provided. A nanoimprint mold includes a body with a molding surface that is formed by shaped nanopillars. The nanopillars may be formed on a substrate and shaped by performing at least a first partial oxidation of the nanopillars and then removing at least a portion of the oxidized material. Once shaped, a hard substance is deposited on the nanopillars to begin forming the molding surface of the nanoimprint mold. The deposition of a hard substance is followed by the deposition of carbon nanotube on the hard substance and then the removal of the substrate and nanopillars from the molding surface.

Abstract: A method for etching a conductive layer through a mask with wider and narrower features is provided. A steady state etch gas is flowed. A steady state RF power is provided to form a plasma from the etch gas. A pulsed bias voltage is provided during the steady state etch gas flow, wherein the pulsed bias voltage has a frequency between 1 to 10,000 Hz. Wider and narrower features are etched into the conductive layer using the plasma formed from the etch gas.

Abstract: Disclosed are nicotine-related compounds that selectively inhibit cytochrome P-450 2A6 (CYP2A6), selectively inhibit cytochrome P-450 2A13 (CYP2A13), and/or selectively modulate a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR). Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the invention, as well as methods of using the pharmaceutical compositions for treating or preventing a disease or disorder associated with nicotine-ingestion, or a disease or disorder amenable to treatment by selective modulation of nAChRs.