Abstract: A method is provided for removing contamination from a substrate. The method includes applying a cleaning solution having a dispersed phase, a continuous phase and particles dispersed within the continuous phase to a surface of the substrate. The method includes forcing one of the particles dispersed within the continuous phase proximate to one of the surface contaminants. The forcing is sufficient to overcome any repulsive forces between the particles and the surface contaminants so that the one of the particles and the one of the surface contaminants are engaged. The method also includes removing the engaged particle and surface contaminant from the surface of the substrate. A process to manufacture the cleaning material is also provided.

Abstract: The invention provides tandem single nucleotide polymorphisms and methods for their use, for example, in diagnosing Down Syndrome.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for optimizing the sequential feeding of at least two ethylene polymerization catalysts to an ethylene polymerization reactor, comprising: transferring to a mixing vessel a first ethylene polymerization catalyst and a first diluent, decreasing the concentration of said first ethylene polymerization catalyst in said mixing vessel, transferring to said mixing vessel a second ethylene polymerization catalyst and a second diluent, progressively replacing said first ethylene polymerization catalyst by said second ethylene polymerization catalyst and said first diluent by said second diluent, increasing the concentration of said second ethylene polymerization catalyst in said mixing vessel, sequentially transferring said first ethylene polymerization catalyst and said second ethylene polymerization catalyst from said mixing vessel to an ethylene polymerization reactor.

Abstract: The invention relates to A process for the polymerization of ethylene to produce a polyethylene resin in at least two slurry loop reactors connected to each other in series, the resin having a bimodal molecular weight distribution, a molecular weight distribution MWD of at least 7.0, an HLMI of from 1 to 100 g/10 min, and a density of from 0.935 to 0.960 g/cm3, wherein in one reactor 30 to 47 wt % based on the total weight of the polyethylene resin of a high molecular weight (HMW) polyethylene fraction is produced having an HL275 of from 0.05 to 1.8 g/10 min (the equivalent of HLMI of from 0.01 to 1.56 g/10 min), a density of from 0.925 to 0.942 g/cm3 and an MWD of at least 5.0, and in the other reactor a low molecular weight (LMW) polyethylene fraction is produced having an HLMI of from 10 to 1500 g/10 min and a density of from 0.960 to 0.975 g/cm3, in the presence of a Ziegler-Natta catalyst system.

Abstract: Provided are a package identification method and a location resolution method, more particularly, a package identification method for identifying a dependent package linked with a main AV and independent packages not linked with the main AV, and a location resolution method. Both when the package is dependent and linked with the main AV and when the package is independent and not linked with the main AV, a CRID is used as an identifier for the package. The present invention supports TVA-2 service scenarios by suggesting improved package identification and a location resolution mechanism.

Abstract: Fire retardant materials arc provided that contain carbon nanotubes and particles capable of endothermically reacting when exposed to elevated temperatures. The carbon nanotubes may be a buckypaper. Methods also are provided for making a fire retardant material and for improving the fire retardation capabilities of a material.

Abstract: Determination of cellular growth abnormality, particularly cancerous abnormality, by detection of target polypeptides or encoding mRNA, where the target polypeptides are members of the preinitiation complex of DNA replication in tissue, cells or fluid. Target polypeptides include CDC6, MCM2, MCM3, MCM4, MCM5, MCM6 and MCM7. Test samples include tissue of the cervix (both biopsy and smear samples), breast, colon, lung, bladder, skin, larynx, oesophagus, bronchus, lymph nodes and urinary tract (both biopsy and cytology smear samples), in determination of cancerous and pre-cancerous cellular growth abnormality, and cells spun from urine, blood and serum, in determination of haematological malignancies and evidence of metastatic sarcoma and carcinoma.

Abstract: An antenna having a signal feeding structure, an antenna conductor coupled to the signal feeding structure and forming a slot in the antenna conductor. A closing portion capacitively closing the at least one slot at a mechanically open end of the slot.

Abstract: Provided is a double clad fiber device. The double clad fiber device includes a double clad fiber, a pump combiner, at least one first laser diode, and at least one second laser diode. The double clad fiber includes a core and a clad. The pump combiner provides pump light to the core and the clad through one end of the double clad fiber, respectively. The at least one first laser diode provides first pump light to the clad through the pump combiner. The at least one second laser diode provides second pump light to the core through the pump combiner.

Abstract: Provided is an audio coding apparatus and method that can selectively apply a operation mode of a coding module for stereo or multi-channel representation according to input signal characteristics of each channel, when voice or music signals are transmitted using an audio codec in portable terminals capable of stereo or multi-channel input and output. The audio coding apparatus includes a down-mixer for down-mixing multi-channel audio signals into mono signals; a coder for coding the mono signals; an input channel correlation analyzer for deciding whether to give them stereo effect based on their signal distribution characteristics, and outputting a control signal indicating whether to perform stereo representation process; and a stereo representation unit for performing stereo representation process onto the multi-channel audio signals when the control signal indicating to perform stereo representation process.

Abstract: A runout measurement system is proposed for measuring the runout of a moving surface of a device having a rotating body, such as a mass storage device (100) (e.g. a hard disk drive) having a rotor which in use includes a rotating recording medium. A sensor (102) interacting with the moving surface obtains a displacement signal. The displacement signal is sampled by a sampling unit (104) controlled by a unit (109) which initiates sampling based on both a signal indicating a ZCP and the clock signal of a high frequency (e.g. 20 MHz) clock (106). Simultaneously, the same clock (106) is used by a counter 108 to measure the spacing between one or more ZCP times. This permits the correspondence between the sampling times and the angular position of the rotor to be found with a high accuracy which depends upon the clock frequency, and thereby allows calculation of repeatable runout (RRO) and non-repeatable runout (NRRO).

Abstract: Distributed continuous simulation of a three dimensional simulation space is provided using a set of simulation servers. The simulation space is partitioned into a set of regions. In one embodiment, each simulation server is responsible for simulating one of the regions of the simulation space. Users interacting with the simulation communicate directly with the simulation server responsible for simulating the region that the user is currently interacting with.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for use in methods and kits for the detection of an increased risk of pancreatic cancer are provided. Cyst fluid samples isolated from patients that are positive for at least three of the following markers, mucin 1, mucin 2, mucin 5AC, mucin 5B, mucin 6, CEA CAM 1, CEACAM 5, CEACAM 6, CEACAM 7, CEACAM 8, S100-A6, S100-A8, S100-A9 and S100-A11 indicate that such patients are at greater risk for the development of pancreatic cancer when compared to cyst fluid samples isolated from patients lacking these markers.

Abstract: This invention discloses 2-methylene-(20S,25R)-19,26-dinor-vitamin D analogs, and specifically 2-methylene-(20S,25R)-19,26-dinor-1?,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, and pharmaceutical uses therefor. This compound exhibits pronounced activity in arresting the proliferation of undifferentiated cells and inducing their differentiation to the monocyte thus evidencing use as an anti-cancer agent and for the treatment of skin diseases such as psoriasis as well as skin conditions such as wrinkles, slack skin, dry skin and insufficient sebum secretion. This compound also has little, if any, calcemic activity and therefore may be used to treat autoimmune disorders or inflammatory diseases in humans as well as renal osteodystrophy. This compound may also be used for the treatment or prevention of obesity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of nanowires of metal oxides with dopant elements in lower valence state. The nanomaterials/materials with dopants in lower valence state are important as these exhibit markedly different characteristics than higher valence state materials of same composition. Nanowires show markedly enhanced properties in lateral direction. The invented process presents a procedure for preparation of different types of nanowires in oxide form that are useful for different applications. In this a precursor is ignited in a specially designed container/enclosure that produces the product with the described features. The process is simple and involves a single step/stage is of very short time per batch. The invention provides a process, which gives controlled size of nanowires and is suitable for the production of nanowires/nanomaterials of desired metal oxides with dopant elements in valence state.

Abstract: The present invention relates to additives for use in lubricant compositions to processes for producing the additives, and to the use of the additives in lubricants and in systems that are lubricated. More specifically, the additive includes a capped particle comprising: (i) one or more inorganic core particles; and (ii) one or more multi-block copolymers attached to the inorganic particles. The multi-block copolymer includes at least one nonpolar polymer block interposed between two polar polymer blocks. One polar polymer block is attached to the core particle, and at least a portion of the another polar polymer block is not directly attached to the core particle. When used in a lubricant to lubricate a metallic surface of a workpiece, the capped particle preferably adheres to the metallic surface of the workpiece.

Abstract: A proximity detector may include an array of single photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) and an illumination source. Illumination from the illumination source may be reflected by a target to the array of single photon avalanche diodes. The SPADs may be operable to detect events. A number of events detected may be dependent on a level of illumination incident on the SPADs. The proximity detector may then determine a quality metric and calculate an output when the quality metric is at a predetermined level. A related method may include regulating the quality of the data on which such a proximity detector apparatus calculates its output.

Abstract: An infusion pressure monitoring system for a phacoemulsification or vitrectomy machine to be operated by a health care provider includes an irrigation path configured to carry an irrigation solution to a surgical site and a fluid sensor configured to detect a fluid parameter in the irrigation path. An input device receives a variable fluid flow command from the health care provider commanding an irrigation fluid flow through the irrigation path at a flow rate corresponding to the command. A controller communicates with both the fluid sensor and the input device. The controller determines an expected fluid pressure value and a dynamically variable threshold pressure value based upon the variable fluid flow command.

Abstract: A system and method for calculating a quantitative metric of adipose tissue using a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system are provided. The MRI system is used to acquire k-space data by sampling echo signals that are formed at a plurality of different echo times. From the acquired k-space data, a fat-concentration map, such as a fat-fraction map is produced. A maximum fat-concentration value is estimated from the fat-concentration map, and is used to threshold the fat-concentration map to produce an adipose mask. From the adipose mask, a quantitative metric of adipose tissue can be calculated.

Abstract: A method of preparing neural precursor cells by exposing pluripotent stem cells or neural stem cells to a differentiation agent. The agent is a pyridine analog, which in preferred embodiments is a phenylethynyl-substituted or phenylazo-substituted pyridine. In other embodiments, a method of enhancing neural precursor cell survival is provided in which the survival is enhanced by exposure to the pyridine analog. In further embodiments, a method of preparing neuronal cells is provided in which pluripotent or neural stem cells exposed to the pyridine analog are then incubated without the pyridine analog, resulting in differentiation into neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. These methods may be used in toxicological screens, e.g., to evaluate the neurotoxicity of a test compound.