Abstract: Sphingosine kinases are enzymes that catalyze the biosynthesis of sphingosine-1-phosphate. The invention provides prodrugs of compounds that are effective for inhibition of sphingosine kinase type 1, sphingosine kinase type 2, or both, according to formula (I) as described herein. Formula I compounds are useful in the treatment of a range of diseases wherein increasing the level of sphingosine-1-phosphate in blood is medically indicated. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions of Formula I compounds.

Abstract: A charging apparatus includes a control unit configured to determine an average ion concentration, a surface ion concentration and a solid phase potential for anode particles and an electrolyte potential in an anode, using a predefined electrochemical reduced order model. The control unit is further configured to determine a side reaction rate from the solid phase potential and the electrolyte potential. The control unit is further configured to reduce the magnitude of the charging current applied to a secondary battery based on at least one of a cutoff voltage, the surface ion concentration and the side reaction rate.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for upcycling polyvinyl chloride (PVC) that involve the dissolving of PVC in an organic solvent; and contacting the PVC with a base, thereby providing a partially dehydrochlorinated PVC. Polymers made by the disclosed, and articles therefore, are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a clinically applicable method of stem cell transplantation that facilitates engraftment and reconstitutes immunocompetence of the recipient without requiring radiotherapy or chemotherapy, and without development of GVHD or graft rejection. Aspects of the present invention are based on the discovery that the depletion of the endogenous stem cell niche facilitates efficient engraftment of stem cells into that niche. In particular, the present invention combines the use of selective ablation of endogenous stem cells with a combination of antibodies specific for CD117, and agents that modulate immunoregulatory signaling pathways, e.g. agonists of immune costimulatory molecules, in combination with the administration to the recipient of exogenous stem cells, resulting in efficient, long-term engraftment, even in immunocompetent recipients.

Abstract: An actuation system for preventing actuation of a base device upon a non-target substrate. The actuation system includes a detector configured to generate and transmit a profile signal of a test substrate. A processing unit is in communication with the detector and configured to receive the profile signal of the test substrate from the detector, the processing unit being configured to determine whether the profile signal of the test substrate corresponds to a profile signal of a target substrate, and to generate an actuation signal if the profile signal of the test substrate corresponds to the profile signal of the target substrate. An actuation unit is in communication with the processing unit and the base device, the actuation unit being configured to receive the actuation signal from the processing unit and to permit the base device to actuate when receiving the actuation signal.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure describe systems, methods, and structures that enable a compact, UHV ion trap system that can operate at temperatures above cryogenic temperatures. Ion trap systems in accordance with the present disclosure are surface treated and sealed while held in a UHV environment, where disparate components are joined via UHV seals, such as weld joints, compressible metal flanges, and UHV-compatible solder joints. As a result, no cryogenic pump is required, thereby enabling an extremely small-volume system.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for improving on-chip security, while minimizes the latency and cost of security techniques to improve system-level performance and power simultaneously. The framework uses machine learning algorithms, such as an artificial neural network (ANN), for runtime attack detection with higher accuracy. Further, a learning-based attack mitigation method using deep reinforcement learning is disclosed, where the method may be used to isolate the malicious components and to optimize network latency and energy-efficiency.

Abstract: A vertically selective liftoff scribing process is provided. One application is the fabrication of solar cells and solar modules. The basis of this technology is absorption of an indirectly focused laser beam in the front electrode material of the device, which enables removal of this layer (e.g., a P1 scribe) or removal of layers above the front electrode while leaving the front electrode intact (e.g., a P2 or P3 scribe). The laser fluence can be selected to choose between these alternatives, and further fine tuning is possible depending on details of the device structure.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for the delivery and deposition of particles air-liquid-interface (ALI) cell cultures includes a sample inlet coupled to a growth tube having interior walls that are wet. The growth tube is configured to operate at a first temperature along a first length of the tube and a second temperature along a second length positioned between the first length and a growth tube outlet. The apparatus also includes a nozzle plate having a plurality of nozzles. The exposure chamber adapted to hold cell cultures at an air-liquid interface positioned underneath the plurality of nozzles and a temperature regulator adapted to control a temperature of the exposure chamber. The apparatus also includes a controller including instructions operable to cause the controller to maintain a relative humidity within the exposure chamber by controlling at least the second temperature of the growth tube and the temperature of the exposure chamber.

Abstract: The subject invention provides a novel fluorescence-based, T5 exonuclease-amplified DNA cleavage assay for gyrase poisoning inhibitor discovery. According to the assay, multiple gyrase molecules can simultaneously bind to a plasmid DNA molecule to form multiple gyrase-DNA cleavage complexes on the same plasmid. These gyrase-DNA cleavage complexes, greatly stabilized by a gyrase poisoning inhibitor, and can be trapped by a detergent such as sarkosyl. Digestion of gyrase by proteinase K results in the production of small DNA fragments, which can be digested by T5 exonuclease. This fluorescence-based DNA cleavage HTS assay is also suitable for screening large compound libraries to identify inhibitors against DNA topoisomerases, including human DNA topoisomerase II?.

Abstract: A method for tracking occluded objects includes encoding locations of a plurality of objects in an environment, determining a target object, receiving a first end point corresponding to a position of the target object before occlusion behind an occlusion object, distributing a hypothesis between both sides of the occlusion object during occlusion from a subsequent frame of the sequence of frames, receiving a second end point corresponding to a position of the target object after emerging from occlusion from another subsequent frame of the sequence of frames, and determining a trajectory of the target object when occluded by the occlusion object by performing inferences using a spatio-temporal probabilistic graph based on the current frame and the subsequent frames of the sequence of frames. The trajectory of the target object when occluded is used as a learning model for future target objects that are occluded by the occlusion object.

Abstract: Limit size lipid nanoparticles, methods for using the lipid nanoparticles, and methods and systems for making limit size lipid nanoparticles.

Abstract: A one-time self-powered timer circuit whose state can be measured only once, after which the timer will desynchronize itself. In this manner, the timers can only be used for one-pad authentication. The security of the public-key distribution algorithms that will exploit the synchronization between billions of hardware-software timers, time reversibility of software timer and time irreversibility of hardware timers and one-time read-out to deliver classical and quantum-like benefits. System-on-chip and circuit implementation of the self-powered timer array, read-out, programming and initialization modules that implements the proposed public-key distribution algorithms.

Abstract: A system comprises a IoT resource and a computing device of a user. The computing device comprises a processor that executes a personal privacy app that receives data about the IoT resource and communicates a preference setting for the user with respect to the IoT device. The preference setting is based on the data received about the IoT resource.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions comprising nanoparticles, wherein the nanoparticles comprise at least one payload, wherein the nanoparticles further comprise at least one surface bound functional group and method of their use.

Abstract: A casting-rolling side sealing device with an electromagnetic stirring function is provided and includes a pair of side sealing plates covering two side ends of a casting-rolling zone from a casting-rolling starting end to a casting-rolling ending end respectively, a pre-tightening force is formed between one of the side sealing plates and adjacent casting rolls. A pulse end of a first electromagnetic assembly releases first pulses along a first axis direction parallel to a direction from the side ends to a center of the casting-rolling zone. The first pulses are configured to generate an electromagnetic stirring effect in the casting-rolling zone. A second electromagnetic assembly is arranged on each of the side sealing plates, a pulse end of the second electromagnetic assembly releases second pulses along a second axis direction perpendicular to the first axis direction.

Abstract: Described herein are load-modulated balanced amplifiers. An example load-modulated balanced amplifier can include a radio frequency (RF) input port, a RF output port, a peaking amplifier circuit operably coupled between the RF input and RF output ports, where the peaking amplifier circuit is a balanced amplifier that includes a pair of power amplifiers, and a carrier amplifier circuit operably coupled to the RF input port.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for air flow optimization. In certain embodiments, the technology is a system comprising sensors, injectors, actuators, and a system processor. In order to optimize the air flow, the system processor directs the injectors to expel aerosol particles into an environment, such that the aerosol particles can be measured by the one or more sensors. Flow intensity map generation is then used to map the aerosol particles and air flow is changed to optimize aerosol particle concentration using the actuators.

Abstract: An IVC filter retrieval device useful for removing an IVC filter from a blood vessel, and useful for removing a tilted IVC filter causing the hook to be embedded in the side (wall) of a blood vessel from the blood vessel, and methods for using the same are described. The IVC retrieval device can be used to retrieve other foreign bodies such as, but not limited to, catheters and wires that may become detached from their devices and released into the blood vessels.

Abstract: A new and distinct cultivar of Viburnum plant named ‘NCVX5’ is described, characterized by abundant white spring flowers with lustrous, evergreen foliage. Plants have upright habits and dense branching. The new cultivar is a Viburnum, typically for ornamental garden use.