Abstract: Disclosed herein are polymers comprising at least one unit of formulae (1a)-(1f):

Abstract: A novel gene editing system developed based on the gene cas3 in the type I-B CRISPR-Cas system in the chromosome of Streptomyces virginiae IBL14 enables the gene editing of a type I CRISPR-Cas system on biological cell genomes for the first time. In the system, Cas3 can specifically cleave a DNA fragment of interest guided by crRNA or t-DNA. The new approach can be applied to rapid, simple and correct genome editing of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, which provides novel supplements and selections for the commercialized gene editing system developed based on Cas9 in type H.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for predicting a reservoir reform volume after vertical well volume fracturing of a low-permeability oil/gas reservoir. The method sequentially includes the following steps: (1) calculating an induced stress produced by a hydraulic fracture in a three-dimensional space; (2) calculating a stratum pore pressure obtained after leak-off of fracturing fluid; (3) calculating a stratum pore elastic stress obtained after the leak-off of the fracturing fluid; (4) overlapping the stress fields obtained in the step (1), (2) and (3) with an original crustal stress field to obtain a new crustal stress field, and calculating the magnitude and direction of the overlapped three-direction effective principal stress in the reservoir space; (5) calculating an open fracturing determination coefficient M of a natural fracture in the reservoir space and a shear fracturing area determination coefficient S of the natural fracture.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for producing carbon fibers with active components such as those for oxygen reduction reactions (ORR). The method includes electrospinning a solution of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and a transition metal into composite fibers; and annealing the composite fibers in an inert/reducing atmosphere.

Abstract: Quaternary ammonium materials may be immobilized onto a metal oxide nanoparticle to provide a fixed-quat nanoparticle material. A particular example uses a silicon alkoxide as a silicon source material to provide a fixed-quat SiNP/NG material composition through either acidic or basic hydrolysis of the silicon alkoxide material. Particular materials may be characterized spectroscopically to ensure that the desirable materials are properly bound. Specific applications of fixed-quat SiNP/NC material compositions in accordance with the embodiments include, but are not limited to agricultural biocide applications and tobacco smoke selective filtration applications.

Abstract: A method for detecting and recovery from a soft error in a computing device is provided. In examples discussed herein, the method can be performed to detect soft errors that may occur during execution of a predefined critical instruction(s) and/or has been propagated in the computing device prior to the execution of the predefined critical instruction(s). Specifically, a software compiler may be used to embed an error detector block(s) after the predefined critical instruction(s). In this regard, the error detector block(s) can be executed after the predefined critical instruction(s) to detect the soft error. Accordingly, it may be possible to invoke a diagnosis routine to determine severity of the detected soft error and take appropriate action against the detected soft error. As such, it may be possible to protect the execution of the predefined critical instruction(s) concurrent to eliminating vulnerable voting intervals and reducing soft error detection overhead.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for converting biomass into a fuel additive, the method comprising: liquefying the biomass to form a liquor; neutralizing the liquor; precipitating lignin out of the liquor; extracting furfural (FF) and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) from the liquor; and hydrodeoxygenating (HDO) the extracted furfurals over a Cu—Ni/TiO2 catalyst. The catalyst for hydrodeoxygenating (HDO) furfural (FF) and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to methylated furans comprises copper-nickel (Cu—Ni) particles supported on titanium dioxide (TiO2), and wherein the copper-nickel particles form core-shell structures in which copper (Cu) is enriched at a surface of the catalyst.

Abstract: A method (400) of measuring rotor blade tip deflections of turbomachine rotor blades (R1, R2) during operation using Blade Tip Timing (BTT) includes measuring (402), by a proximity sensor (202), a proximity signal caused by a moving rotor blade (R1, R2) and determining (412), by a control module (212), a Time-of-Arrival (ToA). The method (400) includes measuring a time that the shaft starts to rotate a measurable angular distance and a time the shaft has completed its rotation of the measurable distance and storing (406) timing data indicative of a plurality of ToA measurements of the rotor blade (R1, R2) and the zero crossing times.

Abstract: A cesium optical pump detector for buried and abandoned chemical weapons of Japan is provided, comprising a pumping light generation module, a first optical module, a magnetic resonance module, a photoelectric detection module, and a signal processing module. The signal processing module includes an amplifying and filtering unit, a self-oscillation unit, a measuring unit, and a calculating unit connected in sequence. The amplifying and filtering unit comprises a first band-pass filter configured to coarsely measure a frequency of the electrical signal and a second band-pass filter configured to finely measure the frequency of the electrical signal. The self-oscillation unit comprises a first phase shifter connected to the first band-pass filter and a second phase shifter connected to the second band-pass filter. In the present disclosure, the intensity of a magnetic field detected can be finely measured, so that the ACWs can be found efficiently and accurately.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of treating and enhancing efficacy of immunotherapy for a solid tumor in a subject, comprising the step of contacting the subject with a compound or composition that modulates the expression or activity of ETRB, ET-1, ICAM-1, or another protein found herein to play a role in homing of T cells to a solid tumor. The present invention also provides methods of prognosticating a solid tumor in a subject, comprising the step of measuring an expression level of a protein found herein to play a role in homing of T cells to a solid tumor, or a nucleotide molecule encoding same.

Abstract: A composition for preventing or treating dry eye syndrome includes nanocomposite of a polyethylene glycol and a flavonoid as an active ingredient, and in the present invention, a catechin/PEG nanocomposite having increased catechin bioavailability is prepared by using catechins which are an antioxidant and polyethylene glycol which is a hydrophilic polymer used in a drug delivery system, and an increase in tear generation, stabilization of corneal epithelial cells, an increase in conjunctival goblet cells and enhanced anti-inflammatory effects accordance to a PEG dosage by the catechin/PEG nanocomposite are confirmed in a mouse model with dry eye syndrome.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a resistive switching element in which polarization of a ferroelectric material layer and electron-hole separation phenomenon of a two dimensional semiconducting material layer are combined to induce resistive switching phenomenon, and a photovoltaic device such as a solar cell, including the resistive switching element.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vaccine comprising a nucleic acid construct such as a DNA construct especially a nucleic acid construct comprising sequences encoding invariant chain operatively linked to antigenic protein or peptide encoding sequences. The present vaccine stimulates an enhanced immune response.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus and method for frontal audio rendering in interaction with a screen size, the method including measuring playback environment information used to play back input content; and correcting an audio signal to be output based on the measured playback environment information and production environment information included in the input content.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel compounds of Formula (I?) and (I), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, hydrates, polymorphs, co-crystals, tautomers, stereoisomers, isotopically labeled derivatives, prodrugs, and compositions thereof. Also provided are methods and kits involving the inventive compounds or compositions for killing a microorganism (e.g., bacteria, fungi, viruses, protozoa, or multicellular parasites), the prevention and/or treatment of infectious diseases (e.g., infections by microorganisms, bacterial infection, cystic fibrosis infection, foreign body infection, urinary tract infection (UTI), or infections leading to biofilms), controlling and/or eradicating biofilms (e.g., bacterial biofilms), preventing biofilm formation, sterilizing a surface, and/or eradicating persister cells (e.g., in a subject in need thereof or in a subject involving a biofilm).

Abstract: The present invention is related to a method for prediction of cortical spiking neural signal, comprising the following steps: 1) pretreatment of spiking neural signal, 2) modeling of posterior cortical spiking neural signal generation probability, 3) model accuracy measurement, 4) model optimization with the help of numerical gradient descent and 5) prediction of posterior cortical spiking neural signal with iterative calculation. The prediction method aims to incorporate natural features of point process of spiking neural signal into the target for optimization of prediction model to improve model's capability in predicting neural spike trains.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method of accelerating a flow velocity in a lateral-flow microfluidic chip in which an analysis time is not delayed while sequential reactions are possible in the lateral-flow microfluidic chip by accelerating a flow velocity in at least a section of a channel, it is easy to manufacture the microfluidic chip for applying the method, and it is possible to mass-produce the microfluidic chip, and more particularly, by increasing a vapor pressure around a specific channel, a flow velocity of a fluid in the corresponding channel is accelerated.

Abstract: A space-saving movable door/window system capable of being fully opened which belongs to the field of smart building technology includes a door/window panel mounting space, a door/window panel storage space and a door/window panel control module. The present invention adopts a lengthwise and widthwise moving system. All of the door/window panels can be entirely stored in the door/window panel storage space, making the door/window fully opened to spare all the occupied space. The door/window panel storage space may be located in a wall or outside the room to hide the stacked door/window panels. By controlling the operations of the moving system and the control system, the door/window panels are effectively connected to one another in an aligned manner and can move automatically, so the space-saving movable door/window system is convenient to use, space-saving, and can effectively improve space utilization ratio.

Abstract: A system and methods utilizing electrical stimulation to achieve a desired therapeutic effect are provided. In one aspect, a method for controlling nerve activity in a subject is provided. The method includes receiving input indicating a desired therapeutic effect for at least one neural structure of a subject, and selecting, based on the input received, an electrical stimulation configured to achieve the desired therapeutic effect. The method also includes controlling a sympathetic nerve activity in the subject by delivering the electrical stimulation using electrodes positioned proximate to nerves innervating the subject's skin.

Abstract: A metal detector for buried and corroded pipeline is provided, comprising: a transmitting coil configured to transmit a detection signal to a pipeline; a frequency selection unit electrically connected to the transmitting coil for regulating a frequency of the detection signal; two receiving coils respectively and symmetrically disposed at two opposite sides of the transmitting coil for respectively receiving a reflected signal returned from the pipeline; an analog-digital conversion unit respectively and electrically connected to the two receiving coils for converting the reflected signal into a digital signal; and a control unit electrically connected to the analog-digital conversion unit. In the present disclosure, by comparing intensities of the reflected signals received by the two receiving coils, it can be efficiently and accurately determined whether corrosion has occurred to the pipeline.