Abstract: A novel compound, 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2,4,6,10,14-hexadecapentaenoic acid, and a salt thereof are disclosed together with a number of different processes for the preparation of the compound. The uses of the novel compound as an anticancer agent are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are N-(2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl)-3-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide derivatives represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein X and Y individually mean a hydrogen or chlorine atom and agricultural fungicides containing said derivatives.

Abstract: Novel peptide antibiotics designated herein as BU-2867T F and G are produced by fermentation of Polyangium brachysporum strain K481-B101 (ATCCC 53080). The new antibiotics are found to have antifungal activity and to inhibit P388 lymphatic leukemia in rodents.

Abstract: A polymeric enzyme having a molecular weight higher than or equal to 200,000 and not exhibiting any proteolytic activity on casein derived from a culture of Micrococcus caseolyticus is disclosed, as is a method of producing the enzyme by filtration on gel buffered with an aqueous buffer of an enzymatic system prepared by lyophilization of an aqueous concentrate formed by ultrafiltration of the solution obtained by dissolving, in an aqueous solution of calcium chloride, an enzymatic system precipitated from a supernatant of a micro-organism culture broth by ammonium sulphate, wherein the enzyme is not retained on a gel calibrated for proteins with a molecular weight of between 5,000 and 20,000, buffered with a 20 mM TRIS-HCl buffer, at pH 7.5, containing 1.5 mM calcium chloride, and the enzymatic system is derived from a culture broth of said Micrococcus caseolyticus. The enzyme may be used for the production of aspartame by condensation of L-aspartic acid with methyl DL-phenylalaninate.

Abstract: A human-human hybridoma is formed by subjecting a transformed human cell to a proliferaton inhibitory treatment and then fusing the thus-treated human cell with a human antibody producing cell. A desired clone may be selected from the resultant fused cells by using an anti-HLA antibody.

Abstract: The novel antitumor antibiotic designated herein as BU-3420T is produced by fermentation of Micromonospora chersina strain M956-1 (ATCC 53710). BU-3420T and its triacetate derivative possess antibacterial and antifungal activity and also inhibit the growth of mammalian tumors such as P388 leukemia in mice.

Abstract: Novel substance UCY1003 produced by culturing of a microorganism has the following chemical structure and analgesic, hypotensive and antifungal activities: ##STR1##

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the long term surviving culture of hepatocytes maintaining their morphological and functional characteristics for long-term periods, suitable to assest the acute and chronic hepatotoxicity of drugs, chemicals and environmental pollutants. The long term surviving culture of hepatocytes is carried out in a culture media containing fibroblast cells or fibroblast cell products treated to prevent cell multiplication and inoculated under controlled density.

Abstract: Human serum albumin is produced by culturing a bacterium (e.g. E. coli) capable of maintaining a plasmid containing an inducible promoter (e.g. P.sub.trp) upstream of the penicillin amidase promoter, the ribosome binding site of the penicillin amidase gene and the penicillin amidase signal peptide, fused with the structural gene for human serum albumin.

Abstract: An aqueous solution containing fumaric acid is reacted in the presence of an aerobically cultured product of a microorganism belonging to the Brevibacterium genus and having resistance to .alpha.-aminobutyric acid, whereby L-malic acid is produced.

Abstract: An integument and related process for the micropropagation of tissue is made of a semipermeable, translucent membrane. The integument includes a cellule for completely enclosing and sealing the tissue and growth medium from the ambient environment. Light is transmitted through the translucent membrane to the tissue. The semipermeable membrane allows the mutual penetration by diffusion and osmosis of oxygen and carbon dioxide to permit the tissue to breathe with the ambient environment. The membrane is impermeable to biological contaminants. The integument and related method provides enhanced growth of the tissue and a reduction in contamination.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel antibiotic NK84-0218 of the formula: ##STR1## which exhibits antibacterial, antiviral and antineo-plastic activities and is expected as a pharmaceutical as well as a process for the production of the same.

Abstract: A method of homologating monosaccharides via their cyanohydrins utilizes transcyanohydrination across a phase boundary from a water-insoluble donor cyanohydrin dissolved in an organic, water-immiscible solvent to an aqueous solution of a receptor monosaccharide. This heterogeneous transcyanohydrination can be incorporated into a cyclic process where the cyanide donor is enzymatically regenerated via enzyme catalyed addition of HCN to a suitable aldehyde. The latter process can be made continous or semicontinuous by immobilization of the enzyme.

Abstract: A method of introducing cytoplasmically inherited traits from a donor plant into a receptor plant of the Solanaceae family has been invented. A method is provided for producing Solanum tuberosum plants which have the inherited trait. Protoplasts from the donor and receptor plants are prepared. The donor protoplasts are treated under suitable conditions to prevent extensive nuclear divisions. The treated donor protoplasts and receptor protoplasts are then contacted under suitable conditions permitting the fusion of the protoplasts. Plantlets are regenerated from the fused protoplasts, and plantlets which contain the donor cytoplasmic traits are selected and rooted. Plantlets which contain recpetor cytoplasmic traits are discarded.

Abstract: Trienamide and tetraenamide compounds, and pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof, of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a straight or branched chain tri-unsaturated or tetra-unsaturated fatty acid amide having from 14 to 24 carbon atoms, exhibit anit-inflammatory and analgesic activity when administered to humans or lower animals.

Abstract: Compounds as described having the partial formula ##STR1## These compounds may have a 5-OH or --OMe group amd at the 25- position an isopropylene group substituted by methyl, ethyl or isopropyl.The compounds may be used in agriculture or medicine as antiparasitics, and may be prepared by culturing certain Streptomyces strains, in particular Streptomyces thermoarchaensis NCIB 12015.

Abstract: A process for preparing optically active indoline-2-carboxylic acid by an optical resolution, which comprises subjecting a racemic ester of (R,S)-indoline-2-carboxylic acid having the general formula [(R,S)-I] to the action of an enzyme or a microorganism having a stereo-selective esterase activity, which is capable of asymmetrically hydrolyzing the racemic ester [(R,S)-I] to give optically active indoline-2-carboxylic acid having the formula [II*] so as to produce the hydrolysis product, i.e. optically active indoline-2-carboxylic acid [II*] and an unreacted optically active ester of indoline-2-carboxylic acid having the general formula [I*], isolating each optically active form, and further, if necessary, hydrolyzing the obtained optically active ester [I*] to give an optical antipode of the acid [II*].According to the process of the present invention, optically active indoline-2-carboxylic acid with a high optical purity can be prepared in a simple process with a good yield.

Abstract: (S) .alpha.-cyano-3-phenoxy-benzyl acetate having the formula: ##STR1## and a novel process for its preparation.

Abstract: A process for producing a methylol urea solution which comprises carrying out addition reaction between urea and formaldehyde in the presence of water and an alkali, wherein said alkali is a polyphosphoric acid salt; and a process for producing a slow-releasing nitrogenous fertilizer which comprises subjecting the resulting methylol urea solution to dehydration condensation and drying the resulting condensate are disclosed. The methylol urea solution undergoes no substantial pH variation with time either during or after the addition reaction, and the fertilizer obtained therefrom is excellent in slow-releasing properties.

Abstract: A method for decontaminating cell cultures comprising contacting cell cultures with quinolone- and 1,8-naphthyridonecarboxylic acids of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, vinyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-fluorethyl, methoxy, amino, methylamino, dimethylamino, ethylamino, phenyl, 4-fluorophenyl or 2,4-difluorophenyl,R.sup.2 represents hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or (5-methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxol-4-yl)-methyl,R.sup.3 represents methyl or a cyclic amino group such as ##STR2## in which R.sup.4 represents hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, 2-hydroxyethyl, allyl, propargyl, 2-oxopropyl, 3-oxobutyl, phenacyl, formyl, CFCl.sub.2 --S--, CFCl.sub.2 --SO.sub.2 --, CH.sub.3 O--CO--S--, benzyl, 4-aminobenzyl or ##STR3## R.sup.5 represents hydrogen or methyl, R.sup.6 represents hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, phenyl or benzyloxomethyl,R.sup.