Abstract: The invention relates in particular to measuring the delivery rate of a positive displacement pump comprising at least one piston (3) driven with reciprocating movement in a chamber (2), which chamber is connected to an inlet circuit (4) via an inlet valve (5) and to an outlet circuit (6) via a delivery valve (7). The number of cycles performed by the pump in unit time are counted, and simultaneously its volumetric efficiency is measured, thereby enabling its real delivery rate to be deduced. Its volumetric efficiency may be measured by means of position sensors (17, 18) detecting the closure and opening instants of the delivery valve, with another sensor determining the instants at which the piston (3) passes through its end positions.

Abstract: A swash-plate type rotary compressor includes a plurality of cylinders disposed in circumferentially equi-distantly spaced relation to each other around a drive shaft having mounted thereon a swash plate for rotation therewith. The swash plate is rotated to cause pistons to be slidingly reciprocated in the respective cylinders to draw gas containing lubricant and to compress same. Guide walls are provided on both sides of a swash plate chamber for guiding gas introduced into the swash plate chamber to flow over entire side surfaces of the swash plate from an outer periphery toward a center thereof. A plurality of gas guiding passageways are each located between each pair of adjacent cylinders, for guiding the gas flowing to a central portion of the swash plate into at least one low pressure space.

Abstract: The invention relates to an adjustable axial piston engine having spaced apart end walls with a shaft extending between the end walls. A rotary carrier is attached to the shaft adjacent one of the end walls and an oblique adjusting plate is mounted adjacent the other end wall. A piston-cylinder unit extends between the carrier and the oblique plate. A pivot axis for the oblique plate includes a bearing arrangement between the plate and the adjacent end wall. A servo unit for adjustably rotating the plate about the pivot axis is provided between the plate and the adjacent end wall.

Abstract: An apparatus for the non-contact disintegration of concrements present in a body by means of sound shock waves generated by spark discharge between two electrodes in a focus of at least one liquid-filled rotationally symmetrical reflector formed in a reflector block, said sound shock waves being focussed in a focal point situated outside the reflector. Between the focus F.sub.1 and the focal point F.sub.2, in a region .beta. bounded by an imaginary conical surface defined by the edge R of the reflector 2 and the focus F.sub.1, there is positioned an object intercepting sound shock waves impinging thereon.

Abstract: In the European patent application publication EP OS No. 0 102 441 a high pressure pump is shown which uses tapered rings (disc spring derivatives) which are clamped together as a pump chamber. The clamping rings required cutting into sections which is expensive and time consuming. The present discoverings now show that the friction at compression of the coned rings was very large. The present invention now discovers that radially flexible ring portions should be provided to the coned ring portions in order to eliminate the friction and to reduce the time and cost of the production of the pump arrangement.

Abstract: A bladder pump is suspended in a tubular air lift pump housing which is closed at its lower end by a check valve, and which is connected at its upper end by a first conduit and a separator selectively to a supply of air under pressure. Two additional conduits extend from the upper end of the bladder pump in either side-by-side relation, or coaxially one within the other, through the bore in the left pump housing and first conduit and the separator to control means. A first one of the two additional conduits is secured in the upper end of the bladder pump to communicate with an upper check valve chamber, which is connected by a perforated discharge tube to a lower check valve chamber in the bladder pump. The discharge tube is surrounded by a flexible bladder, which is separated from the bladder pump housing by an air chamber which communicates with the other of the two additional conduits to the control means.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for ejecting fluids through use of a high pressure liquid motive fluid by forming hydraulic slugs from said motive fluid and conducting it through conventional ejection mechanisms, entraining a fluid which is to be ejected and depositing it into containment of user's choice. A pulser apparatus is employed which embodies the concept of abruptly starting and stopping high pressure motive flow, contemporaneously constricting the downstream flow through use of either inlet or instream interruption means, and entraining quanta of fluid to be ejected, said entrainment being the urging of said discrete quanta by the momentum of a series of hydraulic slugs formed by the aforementioned method.

Abstract: In a swash-plate type rotary compression, a pair of cylinder blocks are formed of an aluminum alloy containing 16 to 20 weight % silicon. A ring made of a synthetic resin having wear resistance and slidability is fitted in a ring groove formed in a sliding surface of each of pistons which is brought into sliding contact with the corresponding cylinder bore, or a coating layer formed of a ferrous metal is provided on the above sliding surface. A drive shaft is fitted in a central bore in each of the cylinder blocks such that radial load exerted by the drive shaft is directly borne by an inner peripheral surface of the central bore, and an oil passageway supplies lubricating oil to a clearance between an outer peripheral surface of the drive shaft and the inner peripheral surface of the central bore.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hydraulic motor, which comprises a surrounding frame casing; an internal cylinder block with radially arranged cylinders and a stationary axle of the hydraulic motor attached thereto; pistons reciprocating in the cylinders and bearing the inner surface of the frame casing, which surface is formed as a running surface guiding the movement of the pistons; a fluid distributor mounted around the axle to rotate together with the frame casing, for the distribution of the hydraulic fluid into cylinder chambers and away therefrom via openings provided in the cylinder block; and feed and exhaust channels for the hydraulic fluid. The object of the invention is to improve such a hydraulic motor by compensating, without complicated balancing elements, the force caused by the pressurized hydraulic fluid and separating the fluid distributor and the cylinder block.

Abstract: In the pressure regulation of a variable displacement pump very high pressures can build up in the pump delivery line if at the consumer no discharge of the fluid takes place, for example the piston of a servo motor moves against a stop. A pressure regulation of the pump is then only possible via the inner losses of the pump. Consequently, although the pressure can be built up rapidly it can only be reduced very slowly. According to the invention the pressure reduction is via a bypass which is controlled by the control valve of the variable displacement pump and which connects the pressure side of the pump to a tank discharge when the control valve is driven in the sense of a reduction of the pump pressure. According to the invention a very rapid pressure reduction is obtained so that the variable displacement pump can again be pressure controlled.

Abstract: A variable displacement pump system including a pressure compensator for operating a pump adjusting mechanism to vary the displacement by applying hydraulic fluid to the pump adjusting mechanism and a spring biased piston applying a yielding force to the pump adjusting mechanism opposing the pressure compensator. A load sensing valve senses the pressure of the load to which fluid is supplied from the pump through a system valve and applies this load pressure to work in unison with the spring biased piston for purposes of urging the pump towards its maximum displacement.

Abstract: A mowing machine for cutting crop comprises a chassis, cutting members supported by the chassis, and an intermediate structure on the chassis which at least partially supports the cutting members. The cutting members extend on both side of the intermediate structure. The mowing machine also comprises members, such as rotary drums or separating surfaces, which prevent attachment of the crop to the intermediate structure. In a preferred embodiment, the mowing machine further includes conditioning members so that the cutting members and conditioning members comprise a cutting-conditioning group.

Abstract: To minimize water consumption and to provide enhanced suction ability in a liquid ring vacuum pump the temperature of the exhaust liquid is measured and the amount of operating liquid supplied to the pump is varied.

Abstract: In a fluid pump or motor improvements are provided to the piston shoes therein to permit a higher pressure in the respective device. Other improvements are done to the hydrostatic bearings in radial piston or radial chamber type fluid motors and pumps. A further arrangement is, that plural pistons are applied to permit the use of two different fluids in the respective device. This leads also to the application of disc springs and their modification in a pump or motor to make the pumping of non-viscous fluids like water possible at very high pressure.

Abstract: A portable engine-pump assembly for use in firefighting applications is constructed of a high-speed, lightweight engine and a double-suction pump. The engine is arranged with a vertical crankshaft for driving the pump which is mounted adjacent thereto with a vertical pump shaft coupled to the crankshaft. The assembly is designed to provide high lift, high efficiency and a steady high flow volume and to be compact and light in weight.

Abstract: This invention relates to an axial piston system hydraulic pump or motor capable of being changed over by two stages and particularly preferably used as the hydraulic motor for driving vehicles such as bulldozer, shoveldozer, etc. Thus, to provide as compact as possible two step changing-over mechanism and a well-balanced operation with a relative small force, a smooth plane against which the shoe at the plunger side opposed to a swash plate abuts and a first and second abutting portions located at the opposite plane to the smooth plane to abut against a fixed portion, when the swash plate pivots about the center of pivotal movement, to regulate the angle of said smooth plane of the swash plate to two positions are formed while a drive member is disposed which pivots said swash plate about the center of the pivotal movement to displace the angle of the smooth plane to two positions.

Abstract: A compressor of a type in which a plurality of pistons reciprocate in cylinders, the improved compressor in which a mechanism is provided to reduce pulsating of suction pressure in the cylinder head. The inside of the cylinder head is partitioned into a high pressure chamber on the side of the center and a low pressure chamber on the side of the periphery by means of bulkhead formed on the cylinder head. The low pressure chamber communicates the suction holes and the discharge opening formed on the cylinder head. The outer peripheral wall of the low pressure chamber is arranged to reduce a resistance of gas passing through the low pressure chamber as the convex portion constituting the periphery of the connecting bolt and the concave portion constituting the peripheries of the suction holes are connected by means of a connecting portion having a smooth curved surface.

Abstract: An air motor having four circumferentially spaced, radially disposed cylinders the respective radially inner ends of which slidingly engage different faces of a cube-shaped cam that is eccentrically mounted with respect to a stationary motor housing. The cam serves as a drive shaft because its eccentric mounting causes it to rotate responsive to air pressure sequentially applied to the radially inner end of pistons that are fixedly mounted in circumferentially spaced relation to a circular piston chassis positioned radially outward of the cylinders. A cylindrical bore formed in the cam is partitioned into a pressure chamber and an exhaust chamber by a shoe seal member.

Abstract: A variable displacement compressor with a variable angle non-rotary wobble plate, having a suction chamber for refrigerant before compression, a discharge chamber for refrigerant after compression, suction and compression cylinders, pistons reciprocating in the cylinders, a crankcase receiving therein a wobble plate mechanism connected to pistons to cause reciprocating motion of the pistons and capable of changing the wobble angle thereof, a first passage for communicating the crankcase interior with the discharge chamber, a shutoff valve unit for closing and opening the first passage, a second passage for communicating the crankcase interior with the suction chamber to extract the refrigerant from the crankcase interior into the suction chamber, and a valve control unit for controlling the operation of the shutoff valve unit in response to a change in a fluid pressure in the crankcase interior with respect to a predetermined pressure level thereby controlling the wobble angle of the wobble plate mechanism.

Abstract: A variable displacement compressor with a variable angle non-rotary wobble plate, having a control valve assembly which includes a pressure detecting unit for detecting a change in a pressure in the compressor crankcase and a single valve mechanism arranged in a communication passageway between the crankcase and the compressor suction chamber and able to control communication between the crankcase and the suction chamber in association with a pressure changing signal from the pressure detecting unit so that the pressure in the crankcase is maintained at a predetermined pressure value.