Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes a stack including gate electrodes sequentially stacked on a substrate, a vertical insulating structure penetrating the stack vertically with respect to the gate electrodes, a vertical channel portion disposed on an inner side surface of the vertical insulating structure, and a common source region formed in the substrate and spaced apart from the vertical channel portion. A bottom region of the vertical channel portion has a protruding surface in contact with a bottom region of the vertical insulating structure.

Abstract: A washing machine having an improved structure which increases washing capacity without increasing the size of the washing machine. The washing machine includes a cabinet including an outer part and a cylindrical inner part connected to the outer part, a spin basket rotatably disposed in the inner part and including a bottom and a side wall extending from the bottom, a pulsator rotatably disposed in the spin basket, a motor provided under the spin basket, a clutch to selectively transmit power of the motor to the spin basket or the pulsator, a base plate to fix the clutch and the motor, and suspension members connecting the base plate to the upper portion of the cabinet. Wash water is stored within the spin basket and is not stored outside the spin basket during a washing cycle.

Abstract: Disclosed are a customized scent diffusing device and a customized scent diffusing method for effectively transferring sensibility which can be felt from contents to a user by diffusing a most appropriate scent by synchronization with digital contents. According to various exemplary embodiments of the present invention, although odor effect information in 4D contents does not correspond to a spice cartridge configuration in a scent diffusing device, an appropriate odor can be provided through combining or mixing spice cartridges in the scent diffusing device.

Abstract: A gas injector may comprise: a gas introduction tube configured to introduce reaction gas into a reaction tube from a gas supply source; and/or a gas distributor connected to the gas introduction tube, extending from the gas introduction tube in a direction within the reaction tube, including a plurality of ejection holes in an inner surface of the gas distributor, and having an arc shape extending in a circumferential direction of the reaction tube. The ejection holes may be spaced apart from each other in the extending direction of the gas distributor, and are configured to spray the reaction gas.

Abstract: A semiconductor device is provided. The semiconductor includes a plurality of interlayer insulating layers and a plurality of gate electrodes alternately stacked in a first direction on a substrate. The plurality of interlayer insulating layers and the plurality of gate electrodes constitute a side surface extended in the first direction. A gate dielectric layer is disposed on the side surface. A channel pattern is disposed on the gate dielectric layer. The gate dielectric layer includes a protective pattern, a charge trap layer, and a tunneling layer. The protective pattern includes a portion disposed on a corresponding gate electrode of the plurality of gate electrodes. The charge trap layer is disposed on the protective pattern. The tunneling layer is disposed between the charge trap layer and the channel pattern. The protective pattern is denser than the charge trap layer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a drum type washing machine including a body, a tub arranged in the body, and a drum rotatably installed in the tub, and an inner surface of a rear wall of the has a flat portion along a rotating direction of the drum.

Abstract: A substrate processing apparatus including a process chamber configured to receive a plurality of substrates oriented in a horizontal manner and vertically arranged with respect to the process chamber, a process gas supply unit configured to supply at least one process gas to the process chamber through a process gas supply nozzle, the process gas supply nozzle along an inner wall of the process chamber in a direction in which the substrates are sacked, an exhaust unit configured to exhaust the process gas from the process chamber, and a blocking gas supply unit configured to supply a blocking gas through a blocking gas injector provided in a circumferential direction of the process chamber such that a flow of the process gas in the process chamber is controlled may be provided.

Abstract: A centrifugal fan includes a main shroud and a sub shroud. The main shroud is configured to connect upper ends of outer rims of a plurality of blades spaced apart from one another in a circumferential direction of a base. The sub shroud is provided at the upper end of the outer rim of each blade and serves to prevent air from moving from a pressure surface to a negative pressure surface of each blade by passing over an upper end of the blade.

Abstract: A semiconductor device is provided. The semiconductor includes a plurality of interlayer insulating layers and a plurality of gate electrodes alternately stacked in a first direction on a substrate. The plurality of interlayer insulating layers and the plurality of gate electrodes constitute a side surface extended in the first direction. A gate dielectric layer is disposed on the side surface. A channel pattern is disposed on the gate dielectric layer. The gate dielectric layer includes a protective pattern, a charge trap layer, and a tunneling layer. The protective pattern includes a portion disposed on a corresponding gate electrode of the plurality of gate electrodes. The charge trap layer is disposed on the protective pattern. The tunneling layer is disposed between the charge trap layer and the channel pattern. The protective pattern is denser than the charge trap layer.

Abstract: An oil cooler includes a plurality of tubes having both ends each fixed to a pair of header tanks in the length direction to form channels. The oil cooler further includes heat radiation fins, a first flange having an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe each coupled thereto in the length direction, a second flange coupled to any one of the header tanks in the length direction, and a bypass valve installed between the first flange and the second flange. The fixing bolts bolt the first flange, the bypass valve, and the second flange together while penetrating through the first flange, the bypass valve, and the second flange in the length direction.

Abstract: A washing machine includes: a tub configured to accommodate wash water therein; a rotary tub rotatably mounted in the tub; a pulsator rotatably arranged below the rotary tub, configured to form a water current; a motor configured to provide driving power to the pulsator; and a floater configured to ascend or descend in response to a water level of the wash water in such a manner that the pulsator and the rotary tub interact with each other or the interaction therebetween is released. The pulsator includes a reinforcement rib protruding from a bottom surface of the pulsator to reinforce stiffness. The floater is connected to the reinforcement rib in a manner that the floater ascends or descends along the reinforcement rib. The washing machine can alternatively transmit the driving power of the motor only to the pulsator or to the pulsator and the rotary tub.

Abstract: A memory system includes a common data bus, a common control bus, memory devices suitable for sharing the common data bus and the common control bus, wherein the memory devices each have different latencies for recognizing control signals of the common control bus, and a controller suitable for controlling the memory devices through the common data bus and the common control bus.

Abstract: A substrate treating apparatus is provided which includes housing and a door assembly. The housing provides a process space for treating a substrate therein and has an opening formed at a sidewall thereof. The door assembly opens and closes the opening. The door assembly includes a shutter, a driving member, and a gap maintaining unit. The driving member transfers the shutter to an open position where the shutter faces to the opening and to a blocking position where the shutter gets out of the open position. The gap maintaining unit maintains a constant gap between the shutter and the sidewall.

Abstract: A search system includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage device, and a computing device. A term extracting unit causes the computing device to extract multiple terms from an input query, a weight computing unit causes the computing device to compute a weight for each of the multiple terms, and a reduction query recommending unit causes the computing device to remove at least one term from the multiple terms, based on the weight, and to provide at least one reduced query using remaining terms. A search method that uses a computing device to provide a reduced query, the method includes extracting multiple terms from an input query; computing, by the computing device, a weight of each of the multiple terms; and removing at least one term from the multiple terms, based on the weight, and providing at least one reduced query generated using remaining terms out of the multiple terms.

Abstract: A method of forming a polysilicon layer includes providing a silicon precursor onto an object loaded in a process chamber to form a seed layer. The silicon precursor includes a nitrogen containing silicon precursor and a chlorine containing silicon precursor. The method further includes providing a silicon source on the seed layer.

Abstract: A nonvolatile memory device includes a gate structure including inter-gate insulating patterns that are vertically stacked on a substrate and gate electrodes interposed between the inter-gate insulating patterns, a vertical active pillar connected to the substrate through the gate structure, a charge-storing layer between the vertical active pillar and the gate electrode, a tunnel insulating layer between the charge-storing layer and the vertical active pillar, and a blocking insulating layer between the charge-storing layer and the gate electrode. The charge-storing layer include first and second charge-storing layers that are adjacent to the blocking insulating layer and the tunnel insulating layer, respectively. The first charge-storing layer includes a silicon nitride layer, and the second charge-storing layer includes a silicon oxynitride layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lower shock-absorbing apparatus for washing machine packing that supports and protects a washing machine to prevent damage to the washing machine during transportation of the washing machine. The lower shock-absorbing apparatus includes a cap mounted at a drive shaft mounted to a washing tub to rotate the washing tub, a reinforcement guide to receive the cap, and a lower cushion disposed below the washing tub to absorb shock applied to the washing tub and to receive the reinforcement guide.

Abstract: A washing machine having a drying apparatus, which can perform a heated drying operation and shorten a drying time of laundry, is provided. The washing machine having a drying apparatus includes a top cover which is provided in an upper part of a body and has at least one air hole formed in a top surface thereof, a drying duct which is provided in the top cover to supply air heated by a heater provided thereinside to the air hole, and a rack member which is provided to be extractable from the body to hang laundry above the body.

Abstract: A washing machine in which the structure of a laundry weight sensing apparatus to sense the weight of laundry within a tub is enhanced. The washing machine includes a cabinet, a tub, a support member provided with one end combined with the tub and the other end combined with the cabinet so as to support the tub to the cabinet, and a laundry weight sensing apparatus provided with one side combined with the support member to use load of the tub transmitted to the support member so as to sense the weight of laundry within the tub and the other side contacting one surface of the cabinet to prevent impact transmitted from the tub. The washing machine may precisely measure the weight of laundry without influence of surrounding environments and prevent an error generated due to transmission of vibration caused by operation of the tub.

Abstract: A door hinge apparatus having a coupling structure between a door and a cabinet, and a drum-type washing machine having the same. The drum type washing machine includes an inlet formed through the cabinet to allow laundry to be inserted or withdrawn therethrough, a door coupled to the cabinet to open and close the inlet, and a hinge between the door and the cabinet. The hinge includes a cabinet bracket coupled to a front surface of the cabinet, a door bracket coupled to the door, a first moving unit coupled to the door bracket to allow the door to be pivoted with respect to the cabinet, and a second moving unit coupled to the cabinet bracket to allow the door to protrude forward from the cabinet and be substantially parallel and spaced from the cabinet.