Abstract: The method of metallization includes the steps as follows. At first, a semiconductor substrate is provided and a dielectric layer is formed over the semiconductor substrate. A portion of the dielectric layer is removed to form contact holes and a first conductive layer is formed within the contact holes and over the dielectric layer. A portion of the first conductive layer is removed to define a contact pattern. Using the first conductive layer as a mask, a portion of the dielectric layer is removed to form openings within the dielectric layer and over the first conductive layer. A second conductive layer is then formed within the openings and over the first conductive layer. To planarize the surface of the semiconductor substrate, a portion of the second conductive layer and the first conductive layer is removed to planarize to the dielectric layer.

Abstract: This invention proposes a new process to form MOS transistor with a gate-side air-gap structure and an extension ultra-shallow S/D junction for high speed devices. After growing the thin gate oxide film on silicon substrate, a stacked-amorphous-Si (SAA) film is deposited. A thin CVD oxide film is deposited and then patterned. The top two amorphous-Si layers are etched back and then form the nitride spacers. The pad CVD oxide film is removed by diluted HF solution followed by S/D/G implant. High temperature thermal oxidation process is used to convert the bottom amorphous-Si layers outside the nitride spacers into thermal oxide and simultaneously to form shallow junction. The nitride spacers are removed and then the low energy/high dose ion implantation is performed for extension S/D junction. The bottom amorphous-Si layer is etched back and then RTP anneal in N.sub.2 O or NO ambient is used to recover the etching damage to form an extension S/D junction. A thick CVD oxide film is deposited on all regions.

Abstract: A gate oxide layer is formed on the substrate. A polysilicon layer is deposited on the gate oxide layer. Then, a ARC layer is deposited on the polysilicon layer. Next, etching is used to etch the ARC layer, polysilicon layer for forming a gate structure. An ion implantation is carried out to form lightly doped drain (LDD). Subsequently, a silicon nitride layer is formed along the surface of substrate, and the gate structure. Then, side wall spacers are formed on the side walls of the gate structure. The silicon substrate is slightly recessed to generate recess portions under a portion of the side wall spacers. Then, an ion implantation is performed to form source and drain (S/D). Then, the silicon nitride layer formed on the gate and the side wall spacers are removed. Subsequently, the gate oxide is etched to form undercut portions under the gate. Subsequently, a silicon oxynitride layer is formed on the substrate, and the gate structure. Side wall spacers are formed on the side walls of the gate structure.

Abstract: A structure of a capacitor on a semiconductor wafer including the following structure is disclosured herein. A first electrode is formed on the semiconductor wafer. The first electrode includes a flower structure. The first electrode is formed on the semiconductor wafer. The first electrode includes a flower structure. The first electrode includes a flower neck portion, a flower bottom portion, and a flower top portion. The flower neck portion is electrically coupled to the semiconductor wafer. The flower bottom portion is electrically coupled to the flower neck portion, in which the flower bottom portion includes a first protudent portion. The flower top portion includes a downward hemispherical portion and a second protrude portion. The flower top portion is electrically coupled to the flower neck portion. A first dielectric film formed on the first electrode, and the first dielectric layer is the dielectric layer of the capacitor. A second electrode is formed on the first dielectric film.

Abstract: The method of the present invention includes patterning a gate structure. Then, a polyoxide layer is formed on side walls of the gate structure. Then, silicon nitride side wall spacers is formed on the side walls of the gate structure. Then, source/drain structure of the device is fabricated. Next, the side wall spacers is removed to expose a portion of the source and drain. Then, an undoped amorphous silicon layer is formed on the surface of the gate structure, the oxide layer and the exposed source and drain. A dry oxidation process is used to convert the amorphous silicon layer into textured tunnel oxide at the interface of the substrate and the oxide. Polysilicon side wall spacers are then formed. A further polysilicon layer is subsequently deposited over the gate. Then, the polysilicon layer is patterned to define the floating gate. A dielectric is formed at the top of the floating gate. A conductive layer is formed on the dielectric layer as control gate.

Abstract: A new structure of a capacitor for a DRAM is disclosed herein. The structure of the capacitor includes a mushroom shape first storage node, a dielectric layer and a second storage node. The mushroom shape first storage node includes a base portion that is formed of polysilicon. A plurality of mushroom neck portions located on the base portion. A plurality of roof portions are connected on the tops of the mushroom neck portions. The dielectric layer is conformally covered the surface of the mushroom shape storage node. The second storage node encloses the surface of the dielectric layer. The formation of the mushroom shape capacitor includes forming a first conductive layer over a wafer. Then, an undoped hemispherical grains silicon (HSG-silicon) is formed on the first conductive layer. The HSG-silicon is separated along the grain boundaries to expose a portion of the first conductive layer. Next, the exposed first conductive layer is etched by using the HSG-silicon layer as a mask.

Abstract: This invention proposes a process to form planarized twin-wells for CMOS devices. After depositing a pad oxide and a silicon nitride layers, a high-energy phosphorus ion implantation is performed to form the N-well by using a photoresist as s mask. A thick oxide layer deposited by liquid phase deposition process is then grown on the N-well region part of the silicon nitride layer, but not on the photoresist. After stripping the photoresist, a high-energy boron ion implantation is carried out to form the P-well by using the LPD-oxide layer as a mask. The thick LPD-oxide layer is removed by BOE or HF solution. A high temperature steam oxidation is performed to grow field oxides. The dopants are activated and driven in to form twin-wells at this step. After removing the pad oxide and the silicon nitride layer, the CMOS device is fabricated by standard processes.

Abstract: The present invention is a blanket well counter doping process for high speed and low power MOSFETs. An N-well region and a P-well region are in a substrate and a pad silicon oxide layer is on the substrate. A silicon nitride pattern is formed on the pad oxide layer to define active regions of the N-well and P-well region, a field oxide region is formed by using the silicon nitride as a mask. Afterward, an N-type ion implantation is implemented for anti-punchthrough region of the N-well region. A blanket P-type ion implantation is performed for N-well counter doping and P-well doping. A P-type low-energy and low-dosage ions is then implanted into the substrate for the threshold voltage adjustment. The last implantation stage is N-type and low dose to form a P-well counter doping region and an N-well doping region.

Abstract: The present invention includes forming gate structures having a nitride cap on the substrate. An ion implantation is used to dope ions into the substrate to form the lightly doped drain (LDD) structures. An oxide layer is formed on the gate structures. Subsequently, the oxide layer is etched back to form oxide spacers on the side walls of the gate structures. Next, an ion implantation with a high dose is carried out to dope nitrogen ions into the oxide spacers, the cap silicon nitride and the silicon substrate. The cap silicon nitride layer is then removed. Then, a refractory or noble metal layer is sputtered on the substrate, nitride doped oxide spacers and the gates. A first step thermal process is performed to form SALICIDE and polycide. Next, an ion implantation is utilized to dope ions into the SALICIDE and polycide films. A second step thermal process is employed to form shallow source and drain junction.

Abstract: The method includes forming a buried oxide layer in a substrate. A pad oxide layer is then form on the substrate. A silicon nitride layer is pattered on the surface of the pad oxide. Then, a thick field oxide (FOX) is formed on the pad oxide layer. Sidewall spacers are formed on the side walls of the opening of the silicon nitride layer. Next, the FOX is etched. An ion implantation is performed for adjusting the threshold voltage and anti-punch-through implantation. Subsequently, a thin silicon oxynitride layer is deposited on the surface of the silicon nitride, spacers and the opening. A polysilicon gate is then formed in the opening. Then, Then, the silicon oxynitride layer, silicon nitride and the spacers are removed. Source and drain are next created. The pad oxide layer and the FOX are then removed. Then, the lightly doped drain (LDD) are formed. Self-aligned silicide (SALICIDE) layer, polycide layer are respectively formed on the substrate exposed by the gate, and on the gate.

Abstract: A gate insulator layer is formed over the semiconductor substrate and a first silicon layer is then formed over the gate insulator layer. An anti-reflection layer is formed over the first silicon layer. A gate region is defined by removing a portion of the gate insulator layer, a portion of the first silicon layer, and a portion of the anti-reflection layer. A shield layer is then formed over the semiconductor substrate, on the gate insulator layer, and on the first silicon layer. A spacer structure containing first conductivity type dopants is then formed on the gate region. Following the removal of the anti-reflection layer, a second silicon layer containing second conductivity type dopants is formed over the semiconductor substrate and the first silicon layer. Finally, a thermal process is performed to the semiconductor substrate for diffusing the first conductivity type dopants and the second conductivity type dopants into the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: A method of fabricating an antifuse structure for field programmable gate array (FPGA) applications is described. First, a field oxide layer for isolation is grown on the semiconductor silicon substrate. Then, a bottom electrode, a thin dielectric layer and a first top electrode layer are sequentially deposited on the surface of the field oxide layer. Next, a photoresist layer is coated on the surface of the first top electrode layer. Then, the first top electrode layer is patterned to form a top electrode stud. Next, a layer of silicon dioxide (SiO.sub.2) is deposited by Liquid Phase Deposition (LPD) to improve the overall profile of the antifuse structure. Thereafter, the photoresist pattern is removed. Next, a second top electrode layer is deposited overlaying the LPD-SiO.sub.2 layer and the top electrode stud. The top electrode that consists of the second top electrode layer and the top electrode stud is completed. The antifuse structure of FPGAs is accomplished.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing multi-crown shape capacitors for use in semiconductor memories. The present invention uses the high etching selectivity between TEOS-oxide and polysilicon to fabricate the capacitor. using HSG-Si as an etching mask to etch the second dielectric layer to form dielectric pillars. An etching process is performed using the dielectric pillars as a mask to etching a portion of the first conductive layer and to etch away the remaining HSG-Si. Then side wall spacer are formed on the side walls of the dielectric pillars. Next, a selective etching process is used to define a multi-crown shape structure. Utilizing the pillars as a mold, the present invention can be used to form the multi-crown shaped structure to increase the surface area of the capacitor.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a structure for forming CMOS transistors with a self-aligned planarization twin-well by using fewer mask counts. An N-well is formed in the semiconductor substrate. Then, a P-well is formed against the N-well, and portion of the P-well is formed along the bottom of the N-well. An oxide region is formed on the surface of both the N- and P-wells, and covers portions of the N- and P-wells. A high energy and low dose boron blanket implantation is performed to increase the threshold voltage of the oxide region, which has been used for an ESD (Electro-Static Discharge) protection circuit. Punch-through stopping layers for the CMOS transistor are formed in the upper portion of the N-well. A BF.sub.2 ion implantation layer is formed at the top of both the N- and P-wells to increase the threshold voltages of the PMOSFET and NMOSFET transistors.

Abstract: A method for forming a double-crown shaped capacitor of a dynamic random access memory cell is disclosed. The method includes forming a first doped polysilicon layer (118) over a semiconductor substrate (110), wherein at least a portion of the first doped polysilicon layer communicates to the substrate. A silicon oxide layer (119) is formed on the first doped polysiliocn layer, followed by removing a portion of the silicon oxide layer. After forming a first silicon nitride spacer (122) on sidewall of the silicon oxide layer, a portion of the first doped polysihocn layer is etched using the first silicon nitride spacer as a mask, thereby forming a recessed cavity (124) in the first doped polysiliocn layer. The recessed cavity and a space surrounded by the first silicon nitride spacer are refilled with a second silicon nitride layer (126).

Abstract: The present invention includes forming an oxide layer on a substrate. An undoped polysilicon layers is deposited by chemical vapor deposition on the gate oxide layer. Next, a silicon nitride layer is successively formed on the polysilicon layer to act as an anti-reflective coating (ARC). Then, the undoped polysilicon layer, ARC layer, and the oxide layer are patterned to form ultra short channel polysilicon gates. A thermal annealing is performed to recover the etching damage in the substrate and generate a pad oxide layer on the surface of the polysilicon gate and the substrate. An nitrogen-doped amorphous silicon layer is formed on the gate structure and on the pad oxide. Next, an ion implantation is carried out to dope dopants into the gate and substrate, thereby forming source and drain. A steam oxidation is performed to convert the nitrogen-doped amorphous silicon layer to a nitrogen-doped thermal silicon dioxide layer.

Abstract: A method to fabricate simultaneously a MOS transistor and an ESD protective transistor in a silicon substrate is disclosed. The ESD protective devices are fabricated by using double diffused drain (DDD) ion implantation technology. In the functional region, MOSFETs structure are ion implanted by utilizing a large angle pocket antipunchthrough, succeeded using a lightly doped drain implantation technology with a liquid phase deposition (LPD) oxide layer in the ESD protective region as a mask. Next, a first thermal process is applied to form self-aligned silicide contacts. A low energy, high dose ion implantation implanted into silicide is then carried out, which is used as a diffusion source for forming an ultra-shallow junction. After that, a second rapid thermal process (RTP) is employed, an ultra-shallow junction, and low-resistivity stable phase of self-aligned silicide contacts in the functional region and a double diffusion junction in the ESD protective region are formed simultaneously.

Abstract: The method of the present invention includes forming a silicon dioxide layer. A polysilicon layer is then deposited on the silicon dioxide layer. Next, a gate structure is formed by etching. A silicon oxynitride layer is formed on the substrate and covers the gate structure. Silicon nitride side-wall spacers are formed on the side walls of the gate. An amorphous silicon layer is formed on the substrate, the side-wall spacers, and top of the polysilicon gate. Then, the source and the drain are formed. A wet oxidation is subsequently carried out to convert the amorphous silicon into a doped oxide layer. An etching process is then utilized to etch the oxide layer. Therefore, oxide side-wall spacers are formed on the silicon nitride side-wall spacers. Then, a metal silicide layer is formed on top of the gate, and on the source and the drain. The silicon nitride side-wall spacers are removed to form air gaps between the gate and the side-wall spacers.

Abstract: A silicon oxide, a silicon nitride layer are patterned to define trenches region. Then, a recess portion is formed in the substrate. Subsequently, a second silicon oxide, a second silicon nitride layer are formed on the recess portion. Then, a glass layer is formed on the second silicon nitride layer and refilled into the recess portion. An etching step is performed to etch the glass layer, the second silicon nitride layer and the second silicon oxide layer to the surface of the substrate. Trenches are then created in the substrate. Then, ion implantation processes are performed to dope ions into the trenches. A dielectric layer is then deposited along the surface of the trenches and on the surface of the second silicon oxide layer, the second silicon nitride layer. A polysilicon layer is deposited on the dielectric layer and refilled into the trenches. Then, an etching back is used to etch the polysilicon layer to form a field plate.

Abstract: This invention discloses a novel design to fabricate a ring-like capacitor in a semiconductor memory device for increasing the area of the capacitor electrodes. The ring-like conductive structure of the electrode of the capacitor includes a mushroom-shaped member having a flat-headed cap and a stem coupled to the source region of the semiconductor memory device, a solid cylindrical member disposed on the cap of the mushroom-shaped member, and a side-wall spacer being a hollow cylindrical member disposed on the cap of said mushroom-shaped member to increase the area of the capacitor electrodes thereby increasing the capacitance of the capacitor to provide a sufficient capacitance while maintaining high integration in semiconductor memory cells.