Abstract: To provide a new method for patterning in which a degree of flexibility in selection of materials is increased and, in addition, to provide a method for manufacturing a film, a method for manufacturing an organic electroluminescent element and a method for manufacturing a color filter using the aforementioned method for patterning, and furthermore, an electro-optic apparatus and a method for manufacturing the same, and electronic equipment.

Abstract: A unit circuit includes: a capacitive element having a first electrode, a second electrode, and a dielectric layer interposed between the first and second electrodes; a transistor having a gate electrode connected to the first electrode; a first switching element that controls an electrical connection between the first electrode and a predetermined electric potential; and a second switching element connected to the second electrode. The electric potential of the first electrode is set to the predetermined. electric potential by turning on the first switching element, and then, under a state in which the first electrode is electrically disconnected from the predetermined electric potential by turning off the first switching element, the electric potential of the first electrode is set to a first electric potential by a first operation signal supplied to the second electrode through the second switching element which is set to an ON state.

Abstract: To provide an electronic circuit, a method of driving the electronic circuit, an electro-optical device, a method of driving the electro-optical device and an electronic apparatus, capable of reducing deviations in threshold voltages of transistors. A pixel circuit 20 is constructed with three transistors of a driving transistor Trd, an adjusting transistor Trc and a switching transistor Trs, and two capacitors of a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor C2. Further, a source of the adjusting transistor Trc is connected to a voltage supply line VL for supplying a driving voltage Vdd through a control transistor Q in common with the sources of the adjusting transistors Trc of other pixel circuits, the voltage supply line VL being provided at the right end side of an active matrix part.

Abstract: An electro-optical device includes a light-emitting layer provided with a white light-emitting element; and a reflective filter layer that is located at one side of the light-emitting layer and is provided with a reflective color filter.

Abstract: The invention achieves stable performance, such as low parasitic capacitance generated at conductive components. Components having a low dielectric constant of 4 or less are disposed on a base member. Functional films partitioned by the low-dielectric-constant components are also provided.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for manufacturing an electro-optical device that is able to maintain the chemical and physical properties of the material layer in desired conditions. The organic electroluminescence display includes a plurality of layers including a low refractivity layer, a seal layer, a positive electrode, a luminous layer, a positive hole transfer layer and a negative electrode laminated on a substrate. The wet gel is dried by the supercritical drying method after being applied on the substrate in forming the low refractivity layer of the laminated layers.

Abstract: An ink jet printer includes ink jet heads for recording an image on a recording medium, an ink bottle for holding ink, an ink supply path connecting the ink bottle to each ink jet head, and an electromagnetic valve provided on the path. In the printer, the bottle, the valve and the heads are arranged downward in this order in the vertical direction, the path constantly exists upwards in the vertical direction in such a manner that air entered into the path moves up above the valve due to a difference in the specific gravity between the air and the ink, the path is provided with a branching portion provided between the valve and the heads, and a sub ink tank is provided at an end of the branching portion so as to be positioned lower than the heads in the vertical direction.

Abstract: The invention achieves stable performance, such as low parasitic capacitance generated at conductive components. Components having a low dielectric constant of 4 or less are disposed on a base member. Functional films partitioned by the low-dielectric-constant components are also provided.

Abstract: The invention provides an electro-optical device capable of improving a high light projection efficiency to the outside while maintaining sealing ability for providing high recognition of vision. An organic electroluminescence display can include a light permeable substrate, and an organic electroluminescence element having a luminous layer and positive hole transfer layer interposed between a pair of electrodes. Additionally, a low refractivity film having a lower refractivity than the substrate, and a seal layer for blocking the air from invading from the substrate side to the organic electroluminescence element are laminated between the substrate and electrode of the organic electroluminescence element.

Abstract: Aspects of the invention can provide an electronic circuit that can include a first transistor having a first and second terminal between which a first channel region can be formed, and a second transistor having a third and fourth terminal between which a second channel region can be formed. In the electronic circuit, a gate voltage of the first transistor can be based on a programming current flowing from the first terminal to the second terminal during a first step, a reproducing current flowing from the second terminal to the first terminal during a second step, and a current level of the reproducing current corresponding to the gate voltage determined during the first step.

Abstract: Pixel circuit 210 includes a current programming circuit 240 and voltage programming transistors 251 and 252. In order to set the tone of the light emission from the organic EL element 220, the first and second voltage programming transistors 251 and 252 are set to the OFF and ON state, respectively, and voltage programming is carried out using a voltage signal Vout. Next, the states of the first and second voltage programming transistors 251 and 252 are switched, and current programming is carried out using a current signal Iout.

Abstract: Pixel circuits include a driving transistor, a first switching transistor, a second switching transistor, a storage capacitor, and an organic EL element, respectively. Each control circuit, which is connected to second electrode of the organic EL element through an electric potential control line and sets the electric potential of the second electrode to a driving voltage or a cathode voltage, is provided between first and second voltage supply lines and the pixel circuits in the rightmost column direction of the pixel circuits arranged on a display panel in a matrix.

Abstract: The invention provides an organic silane molecular film, having a thickness of 3 nm or less and an aromatic hydrocarbon group as a part of the molecular structure of the film that is formed on the surface of the substrate. Accordingly, a molecular film pattern can be efficiently formed by using a molecular film having a superior photolytic property. Additionally, the invention can provide a patterning technique that can easily form a molecular film pattern at a high speed with the number of steps of manufacturing a semiconductor device, as well as the cost, being reduced.

Abstract: Pixel circuit include a driving transistor, a first switching transistor, a second switching transistor, a storage capacitor, and an organic EL element, respectively. Each control circuit, which is connected to second electrode of the organic EL element through an electric potential control line and sets the electric potential of the second electrode to a driving voltage or a cathode voltage, is provided between first and second voltage supply lines and the pixel circuits in the rightmost column direction of the pixel circuits arranged on a display panel in a matrix.

Abstract: Pixel circuit 210 includes a current programming circuit 240 and voltage programming transistors 251 and 252. In order to set the tone of the light emission from the organic EL element 220, the first and second voltage programming transistors 251 and 252 are set to the OFF and ON state, respectively, and voltage programming is carried out using a voltage signal Vout. Next, the states of the first and second voltage programming transistors 251 and 252 are switched, and current programming is carried out using a current signal Iout.

Abstract: An electronic circuit, a driving method for an electronic circuit, an electro-optical device, a driving method for an electro-optical device, and an electronic apparatus are provided to reduce the dispersion of the threshold voltages of transistors. A driving transistor, first and second switching transistors, an adjustment transistor, a coupling capacitor, and a holding capacitor form a pixel circuit. The threshold voltage of the adjustment transistor is applied to the gate of the driving transistor. According to various embodiments, the luminance gradation of a display element, such as an organic EL element, can be precisely controlled according to a data voltage.

Abstract: The invention provides an electro-optical device capable of improving a high light projection efficiency to the outside while maintaining sealing ability for providing high recognition of vision. An organic electroluminescence display can include a light permeable substrate, and an organic electroluminescence element having a luminous layer and positive hole transfer layer interposed between a pair of electrodes. Additionally, a low refractivity film having a lower refractivity than the substrate, and a seal layer for blocking the air from invading from the substrate side to the organic electroluminescence element are laminated between the substrate and electrode of the organic electroluminescence element.