Abstract: Disclosed is a method for extracting and purifying active constituents from honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica Thunb.) and its use. More particularly, this invention relates to an extraction and purification method of active constituents including sweroside from for honeysuckle stem (stem of honeysuckle where leaves are removed) by removing tannins, hardly soluble flavonoids, saponins, and the like. Thus obtained active constituents have better anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect, are safer and more stable than the conventional active constituents obtained from honeysuckle flower or honeysuckle leaves, and include sweroside which is an effective active ingredient of anti-inflammatory and analgesic drug.

Abstract: A backlight unit is disclosed, to remove an unnecessary portion from a PCB and to decrease the number of connectors and wires, which includes a plurality of light-emitting lamps arranged in one direction inside a lamp housing; first and second driving unit PCBs positioned at both sides on the rear surface of the lamp housing, to apply a power to the light-emitting lamps; first and second connection PCBs positioned at both sides of the lamp housing, wherein the respective first and second connection PCBs are separately provided from the first and second driving unit PCBs; and first and second power supplying wires for the respective connection between the first and second driving unit PCBs with the first and second connection unit PCBs.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a combined panoramic and computed tomography photographing apparatus. The apparatus includes, an X-ray source part, an X-ray sensor part having a panoramic sensor and/or a CT sensor, a rotary arm for arranging the X-ray source part and the X-ray sensor part thereon in such a way as to be opposed to each other, a rotary arm supporting member, and rotary arm driving means, wherein the panoramic sensor and the CT sensor are dedicated sensors respectively for panoramic photographing and CT photographing. The apparatus can obtain a CT image and a panoramic image by one photographing apparatus, and allow a user to previously set the optimum enlargement ratio according to panoramic photographing or CT photographing.

Abstract: An x-ray reflector may include: a substrate; a first layer formed on the substrate, the first layer including a relatively higher-Z material, where Z represents the atomic number; and a second layer formed on the first layer, the second layer including a relatively lower-Z material; at least one of the first layer and the second layer exhibiting a taper in an axial direction extending between a first end of the substrate and a second end of the substrate.

Abstract: A process for the production of dialkyl carbonates from the reaction of alcohol, for example C1-C3 alcohols, with urea is disclosed wherein the water and ammonium carbamates impurities in the feed are removed in a prereactor. The water is reacted with urea in the feed to produce ammonium carbamate which is decomposed along with the ammonium carbamates originally in the feed to ammonia and carbon dioxide. In addition some of the urea is reacted with the alcohol in the first reactor to produce alkyl carbamate which is a precursor to dialkyl carbonate. Dialkyl carbonates are produced in the second reaction zone. The undesired by-product N-alkyl alkyl carbamates are continuously distilled off from the second reaction zone along with ammonia, alcohol and dialkyl carbonates under the steady state reactor operation. N-alkyl alkyl carbamates can be converted to heterocyclic compounds in a third reaction zone to remove as solids from the system.

Abstract: Non-volatile memory devices and methods for fabricating non-volatile memory devices are disclosed. More specifically, split gate memory devices are provided having frameworks that provide increased floating gate coupling ratios, thereby enabling enhanced programming and erasing efficiency and performance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sapphire/gallium nitride laminate, wherein a curvature radius thereof is positioned on the right side of a first curve plotted from the following functional formula (I): Y=Y0+A·e?(x?1)/T??(I) wherein Y is the curvature radius (m) of a sapphire/gallium nitride laminate, X is the thickness (?m) of a gallium nitride film, Y0 is 5.47±0.34, A is 24.13±0.50, and T is 0.56±0.04. The inventive laminate can be advantageously used in the manufacture of a high quality electronic device.

Abstract: A method of protecting an electronic document, the method comprising dividing an original document into data blocks; generating a corresponding hash value for each data block; generating a corresponding hash value for a group of data blocks (GOB); generating a hash tree structure based on the corresponding hash values for the data blocks and for the GOB; calculating a hash value of a root node of the hash tree structure, the root node having no parent in the hash tree structure; signing the hash value of the root node; and generating auxiliary authentication data; wherein said auxiliary authentication data enables authentication of portions of the electronic document based on a reconstruction of the hash tree structure.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for implementing a virtual Network Element (NE), including: constructing type definition information of a virtual NE and a virtual board, which has all type parameters of an actual NE and board of the same type; obtaining the type definition information to construct a virtual NE entity and a virtual board entity which has property information of an actual NE; configuring service and protection information for the constructed virtual NE entity. Disclosed is a network management system for realizing a virtual NE, including: an application module, a foundation management module and a memory module, a virtual NE definition module which is used to construct the type definition information, a virtual NE device management module which is used to construct a virtual NE entity, a virtual NE service management module which is used for virtual NE service management, a data access interface module and an application interface module.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for testing large area substrates is described. The large area substrates include patterns of displays and contact points electrically coupled to the displays on the large area substrate. The apparatus includes a prober assembly that is movable relative to the large area substrate and/or the contact points, and may be configured to test various patterns of displays and contact points on various large area substrates. The prober assembly is also configured to test fractional sections of the large area substrate positioned on a testing table, and the prober assembly may be configured for different display and contact point patterns without removing the prober assembly from the testing table.

Abstract: Systems and methods for detecting people or speakers in an automated fashion are disclosed. A pool of features including more than one type of input (like audio input and video input) may be identified and used with a learning algorithm to generate a classifier that identifies people or speakers. The resulting classifier may be evaluated to detect people or speakers.

Abstract: A shift register is disclosed, which can prevent a multi-output caused by a coupling phenomenon, the shift register comprising at least two clock transmission lines which transmit at least two clock pulses provided with the phase difference; and a plurality of stages which are supplied with the clock pulses from the clock transmission lines, and output output-signals in sequence, wherein each of the stages comprises a pull-up switching unit which is supplied with the first clock pulse, and outputs the first clock pulse as the output-signal according to a signal state of an enable node; and a noise eliminating unit which responds to the second clock pulse of which phase is prior to that of the first clock pulse supplied to the pull-up switching unit, and supplies a start pulse externally provided or the output-signal provided from the preceding stage to the enable node.

Abstract: A two-axis micro-electro mechanical system (MEMS) device includes a moving plate, a stage, a driving coil, a pair of magnets, and a yoke magnetic body. The moving plate is supported coaxially on a first axis to move pivotably about the first axis. The stage is supported coaxially on the second axis in an inner region of the moving plate. The driving coil includes a coaxial coil portion arranged along the first axis of the driving plate and divided at a center by the stage, and a first connecting coil portion and a second connecting coil portion. The yoke magnetic body is disposed between the pair of magnets in a region above or below the magnets and is formed of a material capable of being magnetized by the magnets in order to suddenly change a magnetic flux density according to a distance between the pair of magnets.

Abstract: The alignment marks formed in a scribe line of a semiconductor substrate include at least one main mark, a first sub-mark and second sub-marks. The first sub-mark is formed at a central portion of the main mark. The second sub-marks are disposed symmetrically with respect to the first sub-mark and are used for detecting asymmetry of the main mark by measuring distances between respective side edges of the main mark and the first sub-mark, and by measuring respective side edges between the main mark and each of the second sub-marks. Alternatively, the alignment marks include main outer and inner marks and a sub-mark disposed in between the main outer and inner marks. In this case, the sub-mark is used for detecting asymmetry of the main mark by measuring distances between respective side edges of the main outer mark and the sub-mark, and by measuring respective side edges between the main inner mark and the sub-mark.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for encoding and decoding an audio signal. According to the present application, a signal of a high frequency band above a preset frequency band is adaptively encoded or decoded in the time domain or in the frequency domain by using a signal of a low frequency band below the preset frequency band. As such, the sound quality of a high frequency signal is not deteriorate even when an audio signal is encoded or decoded by using a small number of bits and thus coding efficiency may be maximized.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and method for forming thermal fatigue cracks in a test piece for performance demonstration of nondestructive testing. The apparatus for forming thermal fatigue cracks includes a heating unit, having a conductive member attached around the outer surface of a pipe test piece and an induction heating coil disposed adjacent to the conductive member; a cooling unit, having a cooling water pump for forcibly supplying cooling water to the inner surface of the pipe test piece from a cooling water storage source and a cooling water hose; and a control unit for controlling operation of the heating unit and the cooling unit. Accordingly, thermal fatigue cracks similar to actual thermal fatigue cracks occurring during the operation of nuclear power plants or processing industry equipment are formed in a test piece, thereby assuring effective performance demonstration of nondestructive testing.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) apparatus having a delta-type pixel structure, comprises a thin-film transistor (TFT) substrate, a color filter substrate and a liquid crystal layer. Electrodes on the TFT substrate are configured to block light leakage at boundaries between color filters. Light leakage at the color filter boundaries is blocked without having a black matrix on the color filter substrate.

Abstract: A battery management system using a measurement model modeling a battery, and estimating a SOC (state-of-charge) of the battery, and a battery driving method thereof. The battery management system is constructed with a sensor, a predictor, a data rejection unit, and a measurement unit. The sensor senses a charging and discharging current flowing through the battery, a temperature of the battery, a terminal voltage of the battery. The predictor counts the charging and discharging current, and estimates the state-of-charge of the battery. The data rejection unit generates information associated with an error generated from the measurement model, as a function of at least one of the battery temperature, the charging and discharging current, the state-of-charge, and a dynamic of the charging and discharging current. The measurement unit corrects the estimated state-of-charge of the battery, using the measurement model and the information associated with the error.

Abstract: In a method of removing a photoresist pattern, a photoresist pattern may be formed on an object layer. Impurities may be implanted into the object layer by a first ion implantation process employing the first photoresist pattern as a first ion implantation mask. The photoresist pattern hardened by the first ion implantation process may be transformed into a first water-soluble photoresist pattern. The water-soluble photoresist pattern may be removed from the object layer.