Abstract: An optical system and an SSD module that maintain optimal SI, PI and EMI characteristics without a shield based on a ground voltage and an impedance match. The optical system includes a solid state drive (SSD) module and an input/output (I/O) interface. The SSD module includes a plurality of solid state memory units. The input/output (I/O) interface receives data to be written to at least one of the solid state memory units from a main memory unit, the input/output (I/O) interface transmits data written in at least one of the solid state memory units to the main memory unit. The SSD module and the I/O interface transmit and receive data using an optical medium.

Abstract: Integrated circuit devices are provided including a first single-crystalline layer and an insulating layer pattern on the first single-crystalline layer. The insulating layer pattern has an opening therein that partially exposes the first single-crystalline layer. A seed layer is in the opening. A second single-crystalline layer is on the insulating layer pattern and the seed layer. The second single-crystalline layer has a crystalline structure substantially the same as that of the seed layer. A transcription-preventing pattern is on the second single-crystalline layer and a third single-crystalline layer on the transcription-preventing pattern and the second single-crystalline layer. The transcription-preventing pattern is configured to limit transcription of defective portions in the second single-crystalline layer into the third single-crystalline layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of determining the position of a deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrode which finds the position of the DBS electrode with respect to a deep brain target region, by using a first volume data set containing information on the deep brain target region and a second volume data set containing information on the DBS electrode implanted toward the deep brain target region, and which includes: a first step of generating a subvolume of the deep brain target region from the first volume data set, and also generating a subvolume of the DBS electrode from the second volume data set; and a second step of overlapping and displaying the subvolume of the deep brain target region and the subvolume of the DBS electrode.

Abstract: In a semiconductor device and a method of manufacturing the same, a first insulation layer is removed from a cell area of a substrate and a first active pattern is formed on the first area by a laser-induced epitaxial growth (LEG) process. Residuals of the first insulation layer are passively formed into a first device isolation pattern on the first area. The first insulation layer is removed from the second area of the substrate and a semiconductor layer is formed on the second area of the substrate by a SEG process. The semiconductor layer on the second area is patterned into a second active pattern including a recessed portion and a second insulation pattern in the recessed portion is formed into a second device isolation pattern on the second area. Accordingly, grain defects in the LEG process and lattice defects in the SEG process are mitigated or eliminated.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a buffer unit configured to include first and second buffers, connected to each other in a cross-coupled manner, to receive a reference voltage and to buffer an input signal applied to the first and second buffers based on the reference voltage to drive an output terminal with a current-driving capacity; and a drive power adjustor configured to adjust the current-driving capacity depending on a level of a power supply voltage applied to the buffering unit.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a buffer unit configured to include first and second buffers, connected to each other in a cross-coupled manner, to receive a reference voltage and to buffer an input signal applied to the first and second buffers based on the reference voltage to drive an output terminal with a current-driving capacity; and a drive power adjustor configured to adjust the current-driving capacity depending on a level of a power supply voltage applied to the buffering unit.

Abstract: Provided is a method of preparing thermoplastics-continuous fiber hybrid composite, which is easily woven and has excellent uniformity and impregnation at the time of hot melt impregnation after the weaving, including: a) widely and uniformly stretching a bundle of glass fibers; b) heating the stretched glass fibers; c) preparing a thermoplastics-continuous fiber bonding material by binding the heated glass fiber with thermoplastics; d) preparing a multi-layered thermoplastics-continuous fiber bonding material by folding the bonding material in a shape of zigzag; and e) pressing the multi-layered thermoplastics-continuous fiber bonding material.

Abstract: An actuator used with an optical pickup includes: a base on which a holder is fixed; a lens holder in which a plurality of installation holes are formed such that a plurality of objective lenses to record and/or reproduce optical discs having different recording densities are installed at different heights; a support member, which movably supports the lens holder, having one end coupled to the lens holder and the other end coupled to the holder; and a magnetic circuit which drives the lens holder in focusing and tracking directions. The plurality of installation holes include a first installation hole in which a first objective lens for at least one type of low density optical disc is installed, and a second installation hole in which a second objective lens for a higher density optical disc than the low density optical disc is installed.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for implementing SDMA in a multi-user multi-antenna system are provided, in which SDMA users are selected from among total users according to channel state information of the total users, and the number of transmission streams to be allocated to each of the SDMA users is determined by a tree search method.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for producing a cyst-expressed transgenic animal using a PDK2 gene. The production method comprises preparing a PKD2 protein expression vector, inserting the expression vector into the nucleus of a fertilized egg to produce a PKD2 expression vector-containing fertilized egg, and transplanting the produced fertilized egg into the uterus of a surrogate mother. According to the invention disclosed herein, there is provided a method for producing transgenic animals, in which cysts are expressed only by the overexpression of the PKD2 gene. Also, transgenic mice are provided which can be effectively used in the investigation of cyst expression mechanisms and cyst control systems.

Abstract: A method for driving a light source module, the light source module including a plurality of light-emitting blocks, a driving mode of the light-emitting block providing light to a plurality of pixels displaying a unit image is determined by analyzing grayscale values corresponding to the pixels. A second driving signal is applied to the light-emitting block determined to be in a boosting mode, the second driving signal having a level higher than the level of a first driving signal applied to the light-emitting block determined to be in a normal mode.

Abstract: Disclosed are concatameric proteins comprising two soluble domains, in which the C-terminus of a soluble domain of a biologically active protein is linked to the N-terminus of an identical soluble domain or a distinct soluble domain of a biologically active protein. Also, the present invention discloses dimeric proteins formed by formation of intermolecular disulfide bonds at the hinge region of two monomeric proteins formed by linkage of a concatamer of two identical soluble extracellular regions of proteins involving immune response to an Fc fragment pf an immunoglobulin molecule, their glycosylated proteins, DNA constructs encoding the monomeric proteins, recombinant expression plasmids containing the DNA construct, host cells transformed or transfected with the recombinant expression plasmids, and a method of preparing the dimeric proteins by culturing the host cells. Further, the present invention discloses pharmaceutical or diagnostic compositions comprising the dimeric protein or its glycosylated form.

Abstract: A repeater having different input and output frequencies converts a signal received with the input frequency to a first intermediate frequency signal based on a local oscillating frequency for intermediate frequency conversion, and converts the first intermediate frequency signal to a second intermediate frequency signal by performing digital processing on the first intermediate frequency signal. Then, the repeater generates a first frequency tone signal that corresponds to a difference between the input and output frequencies, and generates a second frequency tone signal from the local oscillating frequency for intermediate frequency conversion and the first frequency tone signal. The repeater up-converts the second intermediate frequency signal to the output frequency based on the second frequency tone signal, and transmits the signal.

Abstract: A backlight assembly, which can provide enhanced light emitting efficiency, and a display device, are provided. The backlight assembly includes a light generating unit comprising a substrate and a point light source connected to the substrate, and a receiving container positioned to receive light from the light generating unit, the receiving container comprising an embossing that corresponds to the point light source.

Abstract: Integrated circuit devices are provided including a first single-crystalline layer and an insulating layer pattern on the first single-crystalline layer. The insulating layer pattern has an opening therein that partially exposes the first single-crystalline layer. A seed layer is in the opening. A second single-crystalline layer is on the insulating layer pattern and the seed layer. The second single-crystalline layer has a crystalline structure substantially the same as that of the seed layer. A transcription-preventing pattern is on the second single-crystalline layer and a third single-crystalline layer on the transcription-preventing pattern and the second single-crystalline layer. The transcription-preventing pattern is configured to limit transcription of defective portions in the second single-crystalline layer into the third single-crystalline layer.

Abstract: A method of performing relay communication in a next generation cellular communication system is disclosed. The next generation cellular communication system includes a base station and a plurality of terminals, and a communication target terminal which has not acquired a Line-Of-Sight (LOS) channel with the base station performs communication through the relay of a relaying terminal which has acquired a LOS channel. The base station determines the relaying terminal. The relaying terminal forms a relaying terminal group by determining one or more relaying assistant terminals. The communication target terminal forms a transmitting/receiving terminal group by determining one or more transmitting/receiving assistant terminals. The base station performs communication with the relaying terminal through the relaying terminal, relaying assistant terminals of the relaying terminal group and the transmitting/receiving assistant terminals of the transmitting/receiving terminal group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing capecitabine and a method for preparing a ?-anomer-rich trialkyl carbonate compound used therein, and a highly pure capecitabine can be efficiently prepared with a high yield by the method of the present invention using the ?-anomer-rich trialkyl carbonate compound as an intermediate.