Abstract: A communication node system for an Ethernet-PON includes: an LLID register for storing an LLID being an allocated identifier; a preamble generator for generating a PON preamble; a CRC generator for generating a CRC for the preamble; a transmission connector for combining transport data with the CRC-including preamble to generate a transport frame, and forwarding the transport frame; a reception connector for receiving the frame and dividing the frame into a preamble and received data; a filter for extracting an LLID from the preamble, comparing the extracted LLID with the LLID stored in the register, and selectively filtering the extracted LLID; and a received frame generator for discarding the received data, or combining the received data with the preamble to generate a received frame.

Abstract: Provided is a communication apparatus in a PON bridge sublayer, which supports point-to-point communications between optical network units (ONU) in an Ethernet passive optical network (EPON). To support point-to-point communications between ONUs in the EPON, the communication apparatus in the PON bridge sublayer includes a second processing portion, a second input queue, a second lookup and learning portion, a second output queue, a first input queue, a first lookup and learning portion, a filtering database table a VLAN ID table, a table control portion, a first output queue, and a first processing portion.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for memory transaction buffering are implemented. Read and write buffer units are provided. The read buffer unit is configured for storing at least one data value read from a memory device, and the write buffer unit is configured for storing at least one data value for writing to the memory device. The read buffer unit is operable for updating with the at least one data value for writing to the memory device in response to a write to the write buffer unit.

Abstract: Provided is a microwave tunable device including a ferroelectric/dielectric (Ba1-x,Srx)TiO3 (BST) thin film that can reduce dielectric loss of a ferroelectric/dielectric BST thin film. The microwave tunable device of the present research includes: a substrate; and a ferroelectric/dielectric (Ba1-x,Srx)TiO3 (BST) thin film of a (111) direction which is formed on the substrate. The technology of this research embodies a microwave tunable device by using a ferroelectric/dielectric BST thin film grown in the (111) direction to overcome the limitation of conventional technologies and improve the problem of dielectric loss.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for resizing an image using an inverse discrete cosine transform (IDCT). A macro block of an original source image is enlarged to an arbitrary size using the inverse discrete cosine transform after the encoding type of the macro block is converted so that the macro block and the original source image have the same encoding type. Consequently, the original source image is always enlarged naturally in a digital video apparatus such as a digital broadcast receiver or an HD-TV.

Abstract: A method for resizing images using the inverse discrete cosine transform (IDCT). The method enables digital video processing devices such as DVD players, digital broadcast receivers, or HD TVs to enlarge an original image to an arbitrary size without resulting in distortions in the enlarged image, thereby preventing deteriorated image quality.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods of preventing and treating viral infections or inhibiting the spread of viruses by administering compositions of at least one Lactobacillus whole cell or by-product thereof to patients in need of such treatment.

Abstract: An apparatus for and a method of generating pointers for identifying structure boundaries of data for leased lines such as T1/E1 in an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) adaptation layer Type 1 (AAL1) through an ATM layer.

Abstract: A backlight assembly and a direct illumination type LCD apparatus having the same are provided. The backlight assembly has a light diffusion member including a diffusion layer for diffusing a first light emitted from at least one lamp and a light path modulation layer protruded from the diffusion layer to modulate the path of the first light, so the light diffusion member emits a second light having a uniform brightness distribution in response to the first light. The light path modulation layer may be disposed on one surface of the diffusion layer where the first light is inputted or another surface of the diffusion layer where the second light is emitted.

Abstract: Disclosed is a high-temperature superconductor low-pass filter for removing broadband harmonics in a wireless communication system. The high-temperature superconductor low-pass filter includes a coupled line section and a transmission line section, in which the coupled line section is connected in parallel with the transmission line section. The coupled line section has two microstrip open-stub type parallel stripe lines stacked on a high-temperature superconductor, and the transmission line section has one stripe line. Since the high-temperature superconductor low-pass filter has attenuation poles at a stopband, it has stopband characteristics to 7-8 times wider than a cutoff frequency. The high-temperature superconductor low-pass filter can easily remove sub-harmonics which are inevitably occurred in the wireless communication system.

Abstract: A switching field effect transistor includes a substrate; a Mott-Brinkman-Rice insulator formed on the substrate, the Mott-Brinkman-Rice insulator undergoing abrupt metal-insulator transition when holes added therein; a dielectric layer formed on the Mott-Brinkman-Rice insulator, the dielectric layer adding holes into the Mott-Brinkman-Rice insulator when a predetermined voltage is applied thereto; a gate electrode formed on the dielectric layer, the gate electrode applying the predetermined voltage to the dielectric layer; a source electrode formed to be electrically connected to a first portion of the Mott-Brinkman-Rice insulator; and a drain electrode formed to be electrically connected to a second portion of the Mott-Brinkman-Rice insulator.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical oscillator with milimeterwave frequency. The optical oscillator comprises a non-linear circuit including a wavelength coupler for receiving a pump light, an optical amplification optical fiber for amplifying the light from the wavelength coupler, a dispersion-compensating optical fiber for obtaining a non-linear polarizing effect of the light transmitted via the optical amplification optical fiber, a line polarizer for varying the wavelength of the light having a non-linear polarizing effect by means of the dispersion-compensating optical fiber, and a polarizing controller for controlling the modulating frequency of the light transmitted via the line polarizer; an output circuit having an optical direction indicator for precluding the path of the light, a 10% optical fiber coupler for output light, and a dispersion-compensating optical fiber for determining the wavelength region; and an optical coupler for connecting the, non-linear circuit and the output circuit.

Abstract: A method for reinforcing a slope in which field ground deformation characteristics of an unstable slope can be rapidly and reliably judged and the unstable slope recovered and restored to its own natural state by introduction and application of an earth reinforcement theory, where apparent cohesion is increased by reinforcement members.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical oscillator with milimeterwave frequency. The optical oscillator comprises a non-linear circuit including a wavelength coupler for receiving a pump light, an optical amplification optical fiber for amplifying the light from the wavelength coupler, a dispersion-compensating optical fiber for obtaining a non-linear polarizing effect of the light transmitted via the optical amplification optical fiber, a line polarizer for varying the wavelength of the light having a non-linear polarizing effect by means of the dispersion-compensating optical fiber, and a polarizing controller for controlling the modulating frequency of the light transmitted via the line polarizer; an output circuit having an optical direction indicator for precluding the path of the light, a 10% optical fiber coupler for output light, and a dispersion-compensating optical fiber for determining the wavelength region; and an optical coupler for connecting the, non-linear circuit and the output circuit.

Abstract: This invention is directed to an isolated DNA sequence encoding an antigen of Taenia solium metacestodes. A 10 kDa antigen of Taenia solium metacestodes (TSM) has been shown to be specific for immunodiagnosis of Neurocysticercosis (NCC), which is an important cause of neurological disease worldwide. This invention discloses a method of cloning a cDNA library encoding a 10 kDa protein from Taenia solium metacestodes. The cloned cDNA contained a 258 bp complete open reading frame, encoding an 86 amino acid protein with a calculated molecular weight of 9,582 Da. It showed 73% homology with a 10 kDa antigen of T. crassiceps. The recombinant protein was expressed bacterially as a fusion protein at a high level. A recombinant TSM antigen prepared according: to this invention is useful in detecting neurocysticerocosis disease. In immunoblot with purified recombinant protein, 97% of sera from active NCC showed strong reactivity while 14% of sera from chronic calcified NCC were weekly positive.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel &agr;-aryl-N-alkylnitrone compounds and pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds. The disclosed compositions are useful as therapeutics for preventing and/or treating neurodegenerative, autoimmune and inflammatory conditions in mammals and as analytical reagents for detecting free radicals.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for reinforcing a slope, in which field ground deformation characteristics of an unstable slope can be rapidly and reliably judged, and the unstable slope is recovered and restored to its own natural state so as to make it possible to secure stability by introduction and application of an earth reinforcement theory, i.e., a theory that an apparent cohesion is increased by reinforcement members.

Abstract: Cytoprotective compounds, many of which are phenolic derivatives characterized by a substituted phenol having certain conjugated bonds, are useful in the treatment of certain ischemic or inflammatory conditions, including but not limited to stroke, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, and skin disorders characterized by inflammation or oxidative damage. They are also useful in the manufacture of pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations for the treatment of such conditions.

Abstract: A magnetic random access memory (MRAM) is disclosed. In order to achieve high integration, the MRAM includes a word line formed in an active region of a semiconductor substrate, and used as a read line and a write line; a ground line and a lower read layer positioned on opposite sides of the active region of the semiconductor substrate; a seed layer contacting the lower read layer, and being overlapped with the upper portion of the word line; an MTJ cell contacting the upper portion of the seed layer at the upper portion of the word line; and a bit line contacting the MTJ cell, and crossing the word line in a vertical direction.

Abstract: A switching field effect transistor includes a substrate; a Mott-Brinkman-Rice insulator formed on the substrate, the Mott-Brinkman-Rice insulator undergoing abrupt metal-insulator transition when holes added therein; a dielectric layer formed on the Mott-Brinkman-Rice insulator, the dielectric layer adding holes into the Mott-Brinkman-Rice insulator when a predetermined voltage is applied thereto; a gate electrode formed on the dielectric layer, the gate electrode applying the predetermined voltage to the dielectric layer; a source electrode formed to be electrically connected to a first portion of the Mott-Brinkman-Rice insulator; and a drain electrode formed to be electrically connected to a second portion of the Mott-Brinkman-Rice insulator.