Abstract: An optical disc apparatus includes a liquid crystal driver, a laser driver, a storage portion, and a control portion for controlling them, the storage portion stores a correction table of current to be supplied to a laser beam source with a parameter of a voltage to be applied to a liquid crystal element, and the control portion looks up the correction table and determines a correction value of the current for driving the laser beam source in accordance with the voltage to be applied to the liquid crystal element.

Abstract: In a light-emitting section (2) for emitting semiconductor laser for CD (4) and semiconductor laser for DVD (5), a radiation angle width ?2 of the DVD semiconductor laser (5) is at least 1.3 times a radiation angle width ?1 of the CD semiconductor laser (4), said radiation angle width being defined as a width of an angle created by two straight lines, which extend respectively from a laser-emitting point to two points where a radiation intensity of laser becomes half of an intensity of the center of laser, which points reside within a plane parallel to a pn junction plane.

Abstract: Address information is formed by M wobbles (integer M is the number of wobble waves) per bit as a basic unit, and is NRZ-recorded. Also, a sync signal used in sync detection of the address information is formed by N wobbles per bit as a basic unit (integer N is the number of wobble waves and M=2N). The sync signal with such configuration (6 wobbles per bit) is recorded on the head side of the address information (12 wobbles per bit). In this way, even when external noise is large, a modulated wobble signal can be demodulated more accurately.

Abstract: Address information is formed by M wobbles (integer M is the number of wobble waves) per bit as a basic unit, and is NRZ-recorded. Also, a sync signal used in sync detection of the address information is formed by N wobbles per bit as a basic unit (integer N is the number of wobble waves and M=2N). The sync signal with such configuration (6 wobbles per bit) is recorded on the head side of the address information (12 wobbles per bit). In this way, even when external noise is large, a modulated wobble signal can be demodulated more accurately.

Abstract: A device and a method within a communications system where at least some part of the transmission is executed by means of radio waves, and where symbols are transmitted by means of Orthogonal Frequency Divisional Multiplexing, so called OFDM-technology, between a transmitting unit and a receiving unit, at which the symbol transmission is executed over a transmission channel in blocks of binary digits with a guard interval GI between said blocks, where transmitting unit is equipped with means to control the length of the guard interval (GI) with regard to the physical conditions for/of the transmission channel, so that the guard interval can be reduced without the disturbance susceptibility being increased, but instead increasing the capacity/throughput of the transmission channel by the time that is set free/made available being used to transmit information. One embodiment of the invention includes a guard interval adjustment unit connected to other OFDM-equipment in transmitting and/or receiving unit.

Abstract: A coding section 201 of a transmitter receives an input of a transmitting signal and LDPC-codes the received signal, a serial-to-parallel conversion section 102 converts the coded signal from serial to parallel, and outputs m (m?2) intermediate signals, a unitary matrix modulation section 103 modulates the m intermediate signals to a unitary matrix of m rows and m columns where elements excepting diagonal elements are zero, and outputs an obtained matrix, a split section 111 supplies each of the diagonal elements of the matrix to each input channel of an inverse Fourier transform section 112 as an input signal, the inverse Fourier transform section 112 inversely Fourier transforms the input signals supplied to the input channels, and outputs the obtained m inversely Fourier transformed signals, a parallel-to-serial conversion section 113 converts the m inversely Fourier transformed signals from parallel to serial, and outputs one transmission signal, a transmitting section 114 transmits the output transmissio

Abstract: A device and method for performing channel estimation for an OFDM-based wireless communication system modifies pilot subcarrier spacing to use a set of interpolation coefficients associated with a different pilot subcarrier spacing.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product are provided for implementing N-way fast failover in a virtualized Ethernet adapter. Requests are posted to queue pairs (QPs) to send and receive Ethernet packets. Each QP stores a designated physical Ethernet port. At the time of a failover, the stored failed designated physical Ethernet port in a QP is changed to a new functional physical Ethernet port. An increased bandwidth is available prior to failover because all ports are used, eliminating the use of any backup, idle ports of prior fast failover arrangements.

Abstract: A method for implementing group protection in a Multiple Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) network disclosed in the present invention includes: monitoring a Label Switched Path (LSP) in an MPLS network; and performing a group protection switching when a failure is determined on an LSP of the working LSP group according to a monitoring result. In the present invention, a state of each monitored LSP of the working LSP group and the protection LSP group is monitored without merging LSPs of each LSP group. Moreover, as long a Signal Fail (SF) or a Signal Degrade (SD) is detected on an LSP of the working LSP group and no SF/SD is detected in the protection LSP group, an LSP group protection switching will be triggered, thereby easy the implementation of the LSP group protection.

Abstract: A hanging protocol simulator system and method permit the design and storage of hanging protocol without requiring the actual hardware utilized in the design. The creation and/or modification of hanging protocols can be made either: a) automatically, by sending images to the simulator and receiving the configuration based on these images, or b) manually, in which case the user utilizes a hanging protocol editor to define the preferred screen layout. The user can define a preferred screen layout and then test it, without need of available real hardware, and can check the performance of the configuration long before investing in the ultimately required hardware. A database is provided for storing hanging protocols which can be accessed, and/or user-provided input can further be provided to define or refine hanging protocols.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for guaranteeing reliability of end-to-end QoS, including: a. detecting and determining whether there is a failure on a Label Switched Path (LSP); if there isn't, returning to the process of detecting; otherwise, determining whether there is a backup LSP for the failed LSP; if there is, an edge router or a transmit router switching service streams and corresponding resources from the failed LSP to the backup LSP based on a certain policy; otherwise, a resource control function (RCF) entity allocating a new LSP according to network topologies for the service streams born on the failed LSP, and switching the service streams from the failed LSP to the newly allocated LSP, and releasing the path resources formerly occupied by the service streams. The method can guarantee service continuity and reliability of QoS in a bearer network.

Abstract: A protection path reservation method which reserves protection paths to avoid a node failure for each transmission path on a network formed of a plurality of nodes, comprising assuming the nodes as an imaginary failure node in turn in a condition in which the node failure is not present in the network, and selecting N neighbor nodes connected to the imaginary failure node through N links, wherein the imaginary failure nodes sequentially transmit protection path reservation request messages to neighbor nodes, and the nodes which have received the protection path reservation request messages sequentially, one by one, reserve N-1 protection paths starting from the nodes.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for allocating transmission capacity to a threshold value based on an expected volume of traffic, said threshold value being used for restricting traffic in a communication network featuring threshold—based access controls. According to the inventive method, a portion of transmission capacity is allocated to the threshold value that is least likely to be blocked according to the expected volume of traffic if an amount of free capacity which corresponds to said portion of transmission capacity is available on the links used for transmitting traffic authorized based on the access control, thus allowing for the most balanced or fair allocation of free transmission capacity to threshold value or access controls. Further embodiments of the invention relate to the optimization of the value of the portion of transmission capacity as well as to taking into account disturbance scenarios.

Abstract: In a peer-to-peer network, one or more congestion events are defined that imply congestion on the network. In addition, one or more non-congestion events are defined that imply a lack of congestion on the network. When a node detects the occurrence of one or more of the defined congestion events, the node increases the spacing of connectionless protocol (e.g., UDP) packets that are sent by the node. When a node detects the occurrence of one or more of the defined non-congestion events, the node decreases the spacing of connectionless protocol packets that are sent by the node.

Abstract: A method for communicating data is provided that includes receiving a plurality of bits associated with a communications flow and determining whether one or more samples included in the flow should be suppressed. The method also includes suppressing a selected one or more of the samples. The method also includes retransmitting certain samples when a given sample has stopped changing, in comparison to a previously received sample, for a configured time interval.

Abstract: A network device has a port to allow the device to transmit text telephony packets over a packet network. The device includes at least one processor to detect impending buffer overflow, determine a number of text telephony characters to be dropped, and select a compression to be applied to the text telephony characters to manage buffer overflow.

Abstract: An uplink dedicated control channel reporting structure includes a plurality of different bit size reports, e.g. 1 bit, 3 bit and 4 bit reports, for reporting a wireless terminal's backlog information of uplink traffic request group queues. Smaller bit size reports are transmitted more frequently than larger reports. A 1 bit request report indicates whether or not there are any MAC frames of information to be communicated in a set of two request group queues. A 3 bit request report indicates an amount of backlog information corresponding to a first set of request group queues and a second set of request group queues. A 4 bit request report indicates an amount of backlog information corresponding to a set of request group queues. The 4 bit request report is capable of reporting information on any of a plurality of uplink traffic channel request group queues being maintained by the wireless terminal.

Abstract: A method according to one embodiment may include receiving, by an integrated circuit of a switch, a plurality of packets, monitoring a rate of the plurality of packets received at the integrated circuit, and adjusting a power consumption of at least a part of the integrated circuit in response to the rate of the plurality of packets received at the integrated circuit. A switch may include a plurality of ports configured to receive a plurality of packets, and an integrated circuit configured to monitor a rate of the plurality of packets received at the switch. The integrated circuit may be configured to adjust a power consumption of at least part of the switch in response to the rate of the plurality of packets received at the switch.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a high-capacity broadband access method, comprising: a broadband subscriber initiating an access request to an access unit; the access unit sending the subscriber authentication information to a control unit via a route switching unit; the control unit authenticating the subscriber with an internal or external authentication, authorization and accounting server, returning the authentication result to the access unit via the route switching unit, and sending the configuration information to the accessed subscriber; the route switching unit and the access unit accomplishing configuration of the subscriber information, allocating corresponding resource to the subscriber, and establishing a data channel for network access of the subscriber. The present invention also discloses a high-capacity broadband access device and a system thereof.

Abstract: In one aspect, a method for billing for a connection routed via a packet network is provided. According to the method, billing is started the when the connection is established between a plurality of subscriber terminals. Information packets are transmitting according to a quality standard by at least one of the terminals. The information packets are routed in the network via a central device controlling a quality. The billing is stopping if the quality standard is not met.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses to provide services to people who wish to make connections for real time communication, such as live telephone conversation, chat, video conferencing, etc., and/or non-real time communication, such as email. In one embodiment, a method includes: a first party providing one or more references to a second party for distribution to customers, the one or more references capable of being used to request the first party to provide a plurality of communication connections to a communicatee, the plurality of communication connections being connected simultaneously to the communicatee at least for a period of time; and the first party charging separate fees for the plurality of communication connections.

Abstract: A back-up solution (300) is proposed for use in a data processing system, wherein different host machines support multiple guest machines. For this purpose, a master one of the host machines owns (306) a scheduling file, which indicates which guest systems are enabled to back-up their data, and when the back-up process must be performed. Every day, each other host machine verifies (309-318) whether the corresponding guest machines are included in the scheduling file for the current day. If so, the path of the respective data to be backed-up is added (324-330) to a control file on the master host machine. At the end of the procedure, the master host machine may then back-up the required data of the different guest machines (as indicated in the control file); at the same time, any critical guest machine automatically shuts-down (342-345), so as to ensure the consistency of the corresponding backed-up data.

Abstract: A router (1) introduces virtual interfaces (3-1-3-n) between network interfaces (2-1-2-n) and a routing processing unit (4). The virtual interfaces (3-1-3-n) function to conceal a state such as a hit of the network interfaces (2-1-2-n) from the routing processing unit (4). One virtual interface is provided for each of the network interfaces (2-1-2-n). In the virtual interfaces (3-1-3-n), an up state, a down state, and a hit state are prepared as the states which the link takes. In the case of the hit state, the virtual interfaces (3-1-3-n) do not notify the routing processing unit (4) of a change in link state.

Abstract: A communications system is arranged to provide a service to user equipment in accordance with mobility management information. The system comprises a session protocol server (S-CSCF) operable to control the state of a communications session for at least one user equipment in accordance with user profile data, a subscriber information database (HSS) for providing the user profile data for the session protocol server (S-CSCF), and a mobility server. The mobility server comprises a mobility manager operable to receive mobile dependent evaluation reports providing an indication of a current state for communicating with the user equipment and to form the mobility management information based on the evaluation reports. The mobility server includes an application programmer's interface operable to communicate call control signalling data between the mobility manager and the session protocol server (S-CSCF).

Abstract: A multi-homed network node comprises an interface that is addressable using a primary network address and a secondary network address. Network packets identifying the primary network address traverse a first network path and packets identifying the second network address traverse a second network path that is routed physically separately from the first network path. A transport layer network protocol association is established in the network between a first node and the multi-homed node. One or more data messages are sent to the second node and identify the primary network address. Network feedback information indicates one or more performance characteristics of the first network path. In response, the data messages are automatically modified to identify the secondary network address.

Abstract: Systems and methods for remotely diagnosing problems across the communications lines of an environmental control network using analog data analysis are disclosed. An illustrative system can include an executive controller, a communications bus including a number of communications lines connecting the controller to one or more slave modules, an analog-to-digital converter, and a diagnostics module for diagnosing problems on one or more of the communications lines from a remote location. The analog input lines for the analog-to-digital converter can be connected to the communications lines and one or more other sources. The diagnostics module can include various diagnostic tools that can be used to diagnose problems occurring across the communications lines as well as to determine other information about the system.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for detecting data traffic of a specific type, such as voice-over-IP traffic, on a network. A detector connected to the network is used to identify a set of data packets traveling across the network that conform to at least one signature describing data complying with a data transmission protocol. The detector is used to manipulate the set of data packets or create a record of data associated with the set of data packets. Such record can be analyzed or transferred to an external billing system to capture revenue for the transmission of the data.

Abstract: Each terminal devices (1, 4) connected to one another via a LAN (11) includes: a main control portion (e.g. 31) performing operational control, a transmission LAN unit (34) performing transmission control regarding transmission and reception of disaster prevention information. The unit (34) includes: a transmitting and receiving circuit (36) connected to the portion (31); a transmission control portion (35) performing communication control; an arrival order determining and retransmitting circuit portion (37) connected to the portion (35) and to at least three of transmitting and receiving ports (38) which are capable of connecting to the LAN. Upon receiving an incoming signal of disaster prevention information from one of the portion (35) and the ports (38), the portion (37) outputs the received signal to the rest of them while shutting out for a predetermined period of time an incoming signal from the rest of the ports (38) that has sent the signal.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus and method of displaying power line communication channel information. The apparatus for displaying power line communication (PLC) channel information includes a channel information determining unit which performs PLC channel estimation and determines channel information including a bandwidth which is available for a user in a power line communication network; and a channel information displaying unit which displays the channel information to the user. Since channel information is determined through channel estimation and displayed to a user, it is possible to easily check whether a channel can be used before installing a power line communication (PLC) device. In an application, information on kinds of a service which can be selected by the user or expected quality of the service can be previously checked.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and a system for PSMP communication in a wireless communication system such as an IEEE 802.11n WLAN including an AP and multiple STAs. An example of such a PSMP communication involves transmitting a PSMP frame from the AP to the STAs over a wireless channel, detecting if the channel is idle for certain duration, and if the channel is idle for said certain duration, then performing a PSMP recovery process. The PSMP frame includes one or more STA info fields which specify schedules of periods for communication over the wireless channel in a PSMP sequence. In performing a PSMP recovery process, the AP constructs and broadcasts a PSMP recovery frame that allows STAs that missed the original PSMP frame to join the PSMP sequence.

Abstract: A network includes a plurality of network clusters. Each network cluster includes a plurality of nodes. At least one of the plurality of nodes includes a portal node. A portal node is a node with at least one link that crosses a boundary of the network cluster. Each portal node is configured to communicate detection packets for detecting the existence of other portal nodes within the network cluster. Each portal node is configured to communicate with nodes within the network cluster associated with the respective portal node to indicate that the respective portal node is a predetermined number of hops away from a virtual root bridge associated with the network cluster.

Abstract: A method of producing a flexible timing-driven routing tree is provided. Two or more target nodes are sorted in accordance with data criticality. A source-sink grid is built from one or more source nodes and the two or more target nodes. An initial routing tree is built comprising the one or more source nodes. A routing tree generation algorithm is executed on the initial routing tree, utilizing the sorted two or more target nodes and the source-sink grid in accordance with a user-defined timing factor to construct a flexible timing-driven routing tree. The user-defined timing factor specifies an extent of isolation for a routing path from a given one of the one or more source nodes to a given one of the two or more target nodes.

Abstract: A method and an arrangement for avoiding unnecessary retransmissions in a packet-based radio-communication network by exchanging transmission state information between retransmission functionality entities (12, 21) located at respective protocol layers in different network nodes (1, 2), and performing inter-layer coordination of retransmissions between the network nodes (1, 2) based on the exchanged transmission state information to provide a more efficient overall scheme for retransmissions.

Abstract: Provided is a method for refining node position information in a wireless sensor network having an ultra wideband communication network and a wireless personal area network where the initial positions of respective nodes are set, by utilizing nodes at a 2-hop distance, or more than a 2-hop distance when the number of neighboring nodes at a 1-hop distance is not sufficient to perform triangulation, and to refine the position of nodes based on a distance measured between the respective nodes. Because the initial position is refined and confirmed in a wireless sensor network, a user node operates as a pseudo anchor node for the nodes which have no anchor node nearby. Furthermore, as a node has the refined position, it can act as a pseudo anchor node and be used to compute the position of the other nodes. Additionally, positions of nodes of the wireless sensor network can be estimated with more accuracy.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and apparatus for restarting a first network device having a plurality of ports for receiving and transmitting layer 2 data is disclosed. The first network device belongs to a network of network devices. When a restart of at least a portion of the first network device is imminent whereby STP is no longer functioning for the first network device during the restart and can no longer alter a spanning tree protocol (STP) state of one or more of the ports and such ports that remain in a fixed state during the restart are referred to as restarting ports, a current state (such as forwarding) of each restarting port is maintained during the restart under predefined conditions. During the restart, each of the restarting ports of the restarting network device portion cooperate with its peer port of a second non-restarting network device that is a neighbor of the first network device so as to prevent layer 2 loops in the network.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and apparatus for restarting a first network device having a plurality of ports for receiving and transmitting layer 2 data is disclosed. The first network device belongs to a network of network devices. When a restart of at least a portion of the first network device is imminent whereby the restarting network device portion can no longer alter a spanning tree protocol (STP) state of one or more of the ports and such ports that remain in a fixed state during the restart are referred to as restarting ports, a current state (such as forwarding) of each restarting port is maintained during the restart under predefined conditions. During the restart, each of the restarting ports of the restarting network device portion cooperate with its peer port of a second non-restarting network device that is a neighbor of the first network device so as to prevent layer 2 loops in the network.

Abstract: A system for routing SIP (session initiation protocol) messages is provided. The system includes a first network element that is operable to send a message. The system also includes a second network element that is operable when overloaded and in response to receiving the message to send a reply message to the first network element indicating that the second network element is overloaded.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for detecting a wireless network signal that sets at least one service set identity in a wireless network signal detector, so that after the wireless network signal detector receives a wireless network signal and identifies that the wireless network signal includes the service set identity, the wireless network signal detector can output a prompt message for facilitating users to determine whether or not the wireless network device is connected to a wireless network.

Abstract: In embodiments, a method of detecting a transmitting device within an obstruction rich environment is disclosed. The method may involve detecting the transmitting device with a wireless transmission detection facility; communicating signal information relating to the detected transmitting device from the wireless transmission detection facility to a central unit; determining the location of the transmitting device; displaying information of the detection and location of the transmitting device through a user interface; and providing an action facility for causing actions related to the detected transmitting device.

Abstract: In a power saving device and power saving method for a mobile access point, the power saving device sets a minimum power saving interval among power saving intervals of at least one first station coupled to the mobile access point as a power saving interval of the mobile access point. The power saving device prevents a power supply voltage from being supplied to at least one first wireless interface wirelessly communicating with the first station(s) during the power saving interval of the mobile access point when a minimum remaining power saving interval of at least one second station working in a power saving mode is longer than the power saving interval of the mobile access point.

Abstract: A base station (105) includes a scheduler (220) to determine a location of a user terminal (110) within a cell (125) of a wireless system (100). The cell has a cell boundary (125). The scheduler (220) also determines a subcarrier frequency diverse resource allocation for a call on the user terminal (110) in response to the location of the user terminal (110) being within a predetermined distance from an edge of the cell boundary (125). The scheduler (220) further determines a subcarrier frequency selective resource allocation for the call on the user terminal (110) in response to the location of the user terminal (110) being beyond a predetermined distance from the edge of the cell boundary. The base station (105) also includes a transceiver (215) to transmit the call according to the subcarrier frequency diverse resource allocation and the subcarrier frequency selective resource allocation.

Abstract: A wireless synchronization device is used to coordinate the timing and activities of individual, possibly physically separated, wireless service providers with defined coverage area. Further, the synchronization information is used to coordinate the timing and activities of portable wireless client devices in an autonomous, wireless proximity sensing and data transfer network. Moreover, one or more of the wireless service providers can be arranged to simultaneously monitor broadcasts from the wireless synchronization device and communicate with one or more of the portable wireless client devices.

Abstract: The possibility to determine with high precision the position of a wireless interactive communication device within pre-defined boundaries opens new range of services, which are location based. According to the invention, it is proposed a wireless interactive communication device comprising a microprocessor accessing a memory, this communication device comprising a communication channel to receive and store in the memory a database containing the spatial model of the venue where the device is used, this device furthermore comprising a facility to determine its position by listening to synchronized fixed beacons, allowing the communication device to retrieve from the spatial model the area of the venue where it is located, subsequently allowing the communication device to adapt its functionality and or wireless communication behavior to the area where it is located, allowing the reduction of the interactive communication device power consumption and/or the optimization of the wireless communication bandwidth.

Abstract: Disclosed is a wireless Internet access repeater and method thereof. When a user terminal is located in a blanket area, the wireless Internet access repeater receives first communication type signals in a first frequency band from a wireless Internet access network. The received signals are converted into a second communication type format, are processed to be signals in a second frequency band, and are transmitted to the user terminal. The repeater receives the second communication type signals in the second frequency band from the user terminal, converts the received signals into a first communication type format, processes the converted signals to be the first communication type signals in the first frequency band, and transmits them to the wireless Internet access network. Hence, the user can receive a wireless Internet service and multimedia services without interference between the signals with the same frequency in the blanket are.

Abstract: A method of wireless security setup is introduced. The method includes a station transmitting a first packet containing a first SSID and related information; an access point transmitting a second packet containing the first SSID to inform that the connection between the station and the first SSID is built; the station transmitting a third packet by the connection with the first SSID to ask for an SSID other than the first SSID and related information; the access point transmitting a fourth packet containing a second SSID and the related information using the first SSID in response to the third packet; the station transmitting a fifth packet containing the second SSID and the related security information; and the access point transmitting a sixth packet containing the second SSID to inform the station that the connection between the station and the second SSID is built.

Abstract: A communication device including a receiver for receiving information via a first radio protocol directly from a first communication device concerning at least a second radio protocol; and a controller for controlling communication of the communication device in dependence upon the received information.

Abstract: A method for node communication in a mobile ad hoc network, which network includes a plurality of wireless mobile nodes and a plurality of wireless communication links connecting the nodes together, includes the steps of transmitting node condition information from a given mobile node using a signal; determining a node condition of the given mobile node, where the node condition includes priority of information to be transmitted by the given mobile node; and varying the signal by changing a transmission characteristic based upon changes in priority of information to be transmitted by the given mobile node.

Abstract: A host computer communicates with field devices over a wireless network that includes a gateway and a plurality of wireless nodes. At least one of the field devices is associated with each wireless node, and each field device has a unique field device address. The host computer sends control messages to field devices using their field device addresses. The gateway translates the field device address of a control message to a wireless address of the wireless node with which the field device is associated. The gateway sends a wireless message over the network to the wireless node at the wireless address. The message contains the field device address so that, when the wireless message is received and opened, the control message from the host computer can be routed to the intended field device based upon the field device address.

Abstract: A control system uses a wireless mesh network to provide communication between a host computer and field devices. The host and the field devices communicate with one another using wireless messages containing requests and responses that are routed through the wireless mesh network. The wireless messages include sequence information that allow the receiving device to identify and reject messages that are received out of order.

Abstract: An invention is disclosed whereby a wireless network node, equipped with two or more radio transceivers statically tuned to non-interfering frequency channels, can make decisions regarding which channel to use when communicating with a neighboring wireless node. A multi-radio unification protocol implemented in a wireless node coordinates the use of multiple wireless network interface cards and provides a virtual layer that hides the multiple physical network interfaces from higher layers of a node's network protocol stack. The invention is applicable to wireless networks generally, including those in which some nodes do not have multiple radios or do not recognize the multi-radio unification protocol. The invention makes possible simultaneous transmissions using available channels, thereby reducing interference and delay while increasing the overall capacity of the network.