Abstract: The present invention discloses novel dual prodrug compositions of Formula 1, wherein A is a single bond, —O—, or —CH2—; m and n vary from 0 to 15; p and q vary from 0 to 4; B is a single bond or —CR3R4; D is selected from the group consisting —CO2R5, —OR6, —OCOR7, —SO3R8, —SO2NH2, —OPO(OR9)(OR10), —OPO(OR9)(NH2), —OPO(OR9)—O—PO(OR10)(OR11), R1 to R11 are various substituents selected to optimize the physicochemical and biological properties such as, lipophilicity, toxicity, bioavailability, and pharmacokinetics of compounds of Formula 1. These compounds are useful for the treatment of various cardiovascular and neurological disorders.

Abstract: A method is described for the preparation of polymorphic forms of water-soluble derivatives of probucol compounds having the following formula where R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, Z and Z? are defined herein.

Abstract: Compositions including a conjugate of ?-difluoromethylornithine can be applied topically to reduce hair growth.

Abstract: A method of contact catalytic reaction by introducing a gas and a liquid into a lower part of a reaction zone comprising a liquid phase and a catalyst-packed bed held therein, where the catalyst-packed bed is a fixed bed.

Abstract: 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid is produced in high yields and high purity from 2,5-dihaloterephthalic acid by contact with a copper source and a ligand that coordinates to copper under basic conditions.

Abstract: 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid is produced in high yields and high purity from 2,5-dihaloterephthalic acid by contact with a copper source and a ligand that coordinates to copper under basic conditions.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of ?-Difluoromethylornithine, analogs and derivatives is described from ornithine hydrochloride or from N?-phthaloyl ornithine hydrochloride, conversion to an alkyl ester, conversion to solid derivatives through the formation of Schiff bases, subsequent halomethylation using suitable bases and hydrolysis.

Abstract: A method for removing aldehyde impurities from acetic acid is disclosed. The method comprises extracting the aldehyde impurities from a methyl iodide solution such as the decanter heavy phase with a polyol. After the aldehyde impurities are removed, the methyl iodide heavy phase can be recycled to the carbonylation.

Abstract: The invention concerns the production of acrylic acid from propane in the presence of molecular oxygen. Said method consists in passing a gas mixture comprising propane, molecular oxygen, water vapour and, optionally, an inert gas, on a catalyst of formula (I) MolVaTebNbcSidOx to oxidize propane into acrylic acid, the propane/molecular oxygen mol ratio in the initial gas mixture being not less than 0.5.

Abstract: A catalyst composition having the formula: Mo1VaSbbNbcMdOx wherein M is gallium, bismuth, silver or gold, a is 0.01 to 1, b is 0.01 to 1, c is 0.01 to 1, d is 0.01 to 1 and x is determined by the valence requirements of the other components. Other metals, such as tantalum, titanium, aluminum, zirconium, chromium, manganese, iron, ruthenium, cobalt, rhodium, nickel, platinum, boron, arsenic, lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, calcium, beryllium, magnesium, cerium, strontium, hafnium, phosphorus, europium, gadolinium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, terbium, ytterbium, lutetium, lanthanum, scandium, palladium, praseodymium, neodymium, yttrium, thorium, tungsten, cesium, zinc, tin, germanium, silicon, lead, barium or thallium may also be components of the catalyst. This catalyst is prepared by co-precipitation of metal compounds which are calcined to form a mixed metal oxide catalyst that can be used for the selective conversion of an alkane to an unsaturated carboxylic acid in a one-step process.

Abstract: A compound having the formula wherein R1, Z, and the carbonyl can be comprised by a common ring, wherein R1 comprises a chromophore that absorbs light from the visible wavelength range, and wherein n is an integer of at least 12. A solid phase change ink composition is also disclosed containing a colorant comprising a chromophore that absorbs light from the visible wavelength range and has the formula wherein R1, Z, and the carbonyl can be comprised by a common ring, and wherein n is an integer of at least 12. Also disclosed is a method of forming a colorant wherein a first compound having the formula is reacted with a second compound having the formula Z(CH2)nCH3 wherein n is an integer of at least 12 to form a third compound having the formula wherein the third compound comprises a chromophore that absorbs light from the visible wavelength range.

Abstract: Provided are processes for the preparation of sertraline and sertraline hydrochloride.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of chiral sulfamic acids as resolving agents, the sulfamic acid having the formula (R1,R2)N—SO3H, wherein: R1 and R2, being the same or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a C1-C30 linear, branched or cyclic (hetero)-aliphatic or (hetero)-aromatic group, provided that R1 and R2 are not both hydrogen and that at least one of the R1 and R2 groups is chiral. Further, methods for resolving enantiomeric mixtures are disclosed.

Abstract: A process for forming a triarylamine compound, including reacting an aniline and an arylchloride in the presence of a ligated palladium catalyst and a base.

Abstract: The present invention relates to substituted cyclopentanone derivatives and their use as fragrance chemicals suitable for incorporation in fine fragrances, cosmetics, toiletries and related applications.

Abstract: A process is described for preparing tetrahydrogeranylacetone in which pseudoionone, geranylacetone and/or dihydrogeranylacetone in a liquid phase, in which particles of a catalyst which is capable of preferentially hydrogenating carbon-carbon double bonds over carbon-oxygen double bonds are suspended, is conducted through a device which inhibits the transport of the catalyst particles in the presence of a hydrogen-containing gas.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of organic synthesis and more particularly to a new process for the dimerisation of alkyl glyoxals, said process being promoted by an alkaline salt of the hydroxymethanesulfinic acid and is performed at a pH comprised between 3.5 and 9.5.

Abstract: Process for preparing high-concentration formaldehyde solutions having a CH2O content of ?50% by weight from an aqueous formaldehyde solution having a lower CH2O content by evaporation of part of this solution (partial evaporation), in which the aqueous formaldehyde solution is heated to an evaporation temperature T at which the gas phase becomes enriched in water relative to the liquid phase and the gas phase formed is taken off continuously or discontinuously, wherein the evaporation temperature T obeys the relationship: T[° C.]<Tmax[° C.] where Tmax(c)=A+B×(c/100)+C×(c/100)2+D×(c/100)3 and A=+68.759, B=+124.77, C=?12.851, D=?10.095, where c is the instantaneous CH2O content of the aqueous formaldehyde solution during the evaporation in percent by weight and is from 20 to 99% by weight.

Abstract: A method for making trinitrotoluene is described, and which includes the steps of providing a source of aqueous nitric acid having a concentration of less than about 95% by weight; mixing a surfactant with the source of aqueous nitric acid so as to dehydrate the aqueous nitric acid to produce a source of nitronium ions; providing a supercritical carbon dioxide environment; providing a source of an organic material to be nitrated to the supercritical carbon dioxide environment; and controllably mixing the source or nitronium ions with the supercritical carbon dioxide environment to nitrate the organic material and produce trinitrotoluene.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the synthesis of 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene that comprises, in one preferred embodiment, providing a compound of the formula CF3CH2CHFX, wherein X is a selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine and iodine, and exposing said compound to reaction conditions effective to convert said compound to 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene. Other processes for forming 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention includes a method for adjusting a fluid density. In one embodiment, a method for upgrading a petroleum-derived hydrocarbonaceous fraction comprises providing a synthetically-derived hydrocarbonaceous fraction, wherein the synthetically-derived hydrocarbonaceous fraction is derived from synthesis gas, and further wherein the synthetically-derived hydrocarbonaceous fraction and the petroleum-derived hydrocarbonaceous fraction have a difference in density at 15° C. of at least about 60 kg/m3; and blending both fractions so as to form a blend suitable for use as a diesel or diesel blendstock, wherein the blend has a density at 15° C. equal to or more than about 800 kg/m3; alternatively or additionally, equal to or less than about 860 kg/m3. The blending is also effective in reducing the sulfur content of the petroleum-derived hydrocarbonaceous fraction. In preferred embodiments, the synthetically-derived hydrocarbonaceous fraction is a Fischer-Tropsch diesel.

Abstract: The invention includes a process for producing synthetic middle distillates and synthetic middle distillates produced therefrom. In one embodiment, the process comprises fractionating a hydrocarbon synthesis product to at least generate a light middle distillate, a heavy middle distillate, and a waxy fraction; thermally cracking the waxy fraction; and isomerizing the heavy middle distillate. A synthetic diesel or blending component is formed by the combination of at least a portion of the light middle distillate; at least a portion or fraction of the thermally cracked product; and at least a portion or fraction of the isomerized product. In some embodiments, the hydrocarbon synthesis product and/or the thermally cracked product may be hydrotreated. In other embodiments, a synthetic middle distillate comprises at least two fractions: a light fraction with not more than 10% branched hydrocarbons, and a heavy fraction with at least 30% branched hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A process for preparing a substantially linear olefinic hydrocarbon mixture is described in which a lower olefin feed comprising one or more C3 to C6 lower olefins is contacted in the presence of water and under olefin oligomerization conditions with a catalyst comprising surface-deactivated ZSM-23.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a method of making an olefin product from an oxygenate feedstock and a method of protecting catalytic activity of a silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieve. The methods comprise providing a silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieve having catalytic sites within the molecular sieve; shielding the catalytic sites to protect from loss of catalytic activity; and contacting the protected sieve in its activated state with an oxygenate feedstock under conditions effective to produce an olefin product before undesirable loss of catalytic activity. Undesirable loss in catalytic activity occurs when activated molecular sieve contacting the oxygenate feedstock has a methanol uptake index of at least 0.15.

Abstract: A catalyst for opening naphthenic rings has been developed. The catalyst comprises ruthenium and platinum as the active catalytic metals and a modifier with cerium being a preferred modifier. At least 50% of the platinum and ruthenium components are present as particles wherein more ruthenium is present on the surface of the particles than in the center. All of these components are dispersed on a metal oxide support such as aluminas. A ring opening process using the catalyst is also described.

Abstract: An absorbent product includes a backsheet, a topsheet and an absorbent core structure located therebetween, the core including a topsheet-facing surface which is fixedly attached to the topsheet. A low friction zone is arranged between the topsheet and the topsheet-facing surface in an area where said topsheet is not attached to the topsheet-facing surface, or a sheet is secured at a portion of its periphery to the topsheet and the low friction zone is placed above the topsheet. These arrangements alleviate skin damage.

Abstract: The present invention relates to expression cassettes comprising transcription regulating sequences with meristem-preferential or meristem-specific expression profiles in plants obtainable from Arabidopsis thaliana genes At2g02180, At5g54510, At2g26970, At2g01180, At3g45560, At4g00580, At1g54480, or At4g11490, or the Arabidopsis thaliana genomic sequences as described by SEQ ID NO: 35 or 36.

Abstract: The invention relates to plant transcription factor polypeptides, polynucleotides that encode them, homologs from a variety of plant species, and methods of using the polynucleotides and polypeptides to produce transgenic plants having advantageous properties compared to a reference plant. Sequence information related to these polynucleotides and polypeptides can also be used in bioinformatic search methods and is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for producing a transgenic cotton plant comprising the steps of (a) obtaining cottonfibrous root explants, (b) culturing the fibrous root explants to induce callus formation, (c) exposing root callus to a culture of Agrobacterium tumefaciens that harbors a vector comprising an exogenous gene and a selectable marker, the Agrobacterium being capable of effecting the stable transfer of the exogenous gene and selection agent resistance gene to the genome of the cells of the explant, (d) culturing the callus in the presence of the selection agent to which the selection agent resistance gene confers resistance so as to select for transformed cells, (e) inducing somatic embryo formation in the selected callus culture, and (f) regenerating the induced somatic embryos into whole transgenic cotton plants.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the mitogen-activated protein kinase called MAPK5. The rice MAPK5 gene, its protein and kinase activity were induced by abscisic acid, pathogen infection, wounding, drought, salt and cold temperature. However, suppression of MAPK5 expression and kinase activity in dsRNAi transgenic plants resulted in constitutive expression of pathogenesis-related genes such as PR-1 and PR-10 but enhanced resistance to fungal and bacterial pathogens. In contrast, overexpressed transgenic lines exhibited elevated MAPK5 kinase activity and increased tolerance to drought, salt and cold stresses. This invention provides methods for increasing tolerance to abiotic and biotic stress in plant using MAPK5.

Abstract: This invention relates to an isolated nucleic acid fragment encoding an aspartate kinase. The invention also relates to the construction of a chimeric gene encoding all or a portion of the aspartate kinase, in sense or antisense orientation, wherein expression of the chimeric gene results in production of altered levels of the aspartate kinase in a transformed host cell.

Abstract: Rice plants are disclosed with multiple sources of resistance to herbicides that normally inhibit a plant's acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) enzyme. Besides controlling red rice, many AHAS-inhibiting herbicides also effectively control other weeds that are common in rice fields. Several of these herbicides have residual activity, so that one treatment can control both existing weeds and weeds that sprout later. With effective residual activity against red rice and other weeds, rice producers now have a weed control system superior to those that are currently available commercially.

Abstract: The use of DNA sequences comprising a glucanase coding region operably linked to a promoter, or other regulatory sequence, which provides for expression of the DNA sequence with appropriate tissue and/or temporal specificity, in the preparation of a male sterile transgenic tomato plant is disclosed. In preferred embodiments the promoter is a tapetum specific promoter, eg an A3 or an A9 promoter. DNA sequences comprising the PR-Glucanase coding region and an A3 or an A9 promoter, preferably an A9 promoter are also described, as are transgenic tomato plants, plant cells, propagating material, seeds, antisense DNA sequences and ribozyme encoding DNA sequences for restoration of male-fertility.

Abstract: A lettuce cultivar, designated 50-0501020-B, is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of lettuce cultivar 50-0501020-B, to the plants of lettuce cultivar 50-0501020-B and to methods for producing a lettuce plant by crossing the cultivar 50-0501020-B with itself or another lettuce cultivar. The invention further relates to methods for producing a lettuce plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic lettuce plants and plant parts produced by those methods. This invention also relates to lettuce cultivars or breeding cultivars and plant parts derived from lettuce cultivar 50-0501020-B, to methods for producing other lettuce cultivars, lines or plant parts derived from lettuce cultivar 50-0501020-B and to the lettuce plants, varieties, and their parts derived from the use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid lettuce seeds, plants, and plant parts produced by crossing cultivar 50-0501020-B with another lettuce cultivar.

Abstract: A soybean cultivar designated 5138236 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar 5138236, to the plants of soybean 5138236, to plant parts of soybean cultivar 5138236 and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing soybean cultivar 5138236 with itself or with another soybean variety. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. This invention also relates to soybean cultivars or breeding cultivars and plant parts derived from soybean variety 5138236, to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 5138236 and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants and plant parts produced by crossing the cultivar 5138236 with another soybean cultivar.

Abstract: A soybean cultivar designated S050218 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar S050218, to the plants of soybean S050218, to plant parts of soybean cultivar S050218 and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing soybean cultivar S050218 with itself or with another soybean variety. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. This invention also relates to soybean cultivars or breeding cultivars and plant parts derived from soybean variety S050218, to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar S050218 and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants and plant parts produced by crossing the cultivar S050218 with another soybean cultivar.

Abstract: A soybean cultivar designated S060182 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar S060182, to the plants of soybean S060182, to plant parts of soybean cultivar S060182 and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing soybean cultivar S060182 with itself or with another soybean variety. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. This invention also relates to soybean cultivars or breeding cultivars and plant parts derived from soybean variety S060182, to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar S060182 and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants and plant parts produced by crossing the cultivar S060182 with another soybean cultivar.

Abstract: A soybean cultivar designated 6440261 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar 6440261, to the plants of soybean 6440261, to plant parts of soybean cultivar 6440261 and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing soybean cultivar 6440261 with itself or with another soybean variety. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. This invention also relates to soybean cultivars or breeding cultivars and plant parts derived from soybean variety 6440261, to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 6440261 and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants and plant parts produced by crossing the cultivar 6440261 with another soybean cultivar.

Abstract: A soybean cultivar designated 6548193 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar 6548193, to the plants of soybean 6548193, to plant parts of soybean cultivar 6548193 and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing soybean cultivar 6548193 with itself or with another soybean variety. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. This invention also relates to soybean cultivars or breeding cultivars and plant parts derived from soybean variety 6548193, to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 6548193 and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants and plant parts produced by crossing the cultivar 6548193 with another soybean cultivar.

Abstract: A method for expressing insecticidal protein structural genes in cotton plant genomes is provided. In the preferred embodiments this invention comprises placing a structural gene for the Bacillus thuringiensis crystal protein under control of a plant or a T-DNA promoter and ahead of a polyadenylation site followed by insertion of said promoter/structural gene combination into a plant genome by utilizing an Agrobacterium tumefaciens Ti plasmid-based transformation system. The modified Ti plasmid is then used to transform recipient plant cells. Also provided are the plants and tissues produced by this method and bacterial strains, plasmids, and vectors useful for execution of this invention.

Abstract: A novel hybrid maize variety designated 38N86 and seed, plants and plant parts thereof, produced by crossing Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. proprietary inbred maize varieties. Methods for producing a maize plant that comprises crossing hybrid maize variety 38N86 with another maize plant. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into 38N86 through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. This invention relates to the maize hybrid_variety 38N86, the hybrid seed, the hybrid plant produced from the seed, and variants, mutants, and minor modifications of hybrid maize variety 38N86. This invention further relates to methods for producing maize varieties derived from hybrid maize variety 38N86 and to the maize varieties derived by the use of those methods.

Abstract: A slide rule for music includes a first element that includes a first set of indicia representing in linear form the structures of a plurality of musical scales, chords and/or modes, and a second element that includes a second set of indicia representing the names of the notes of a chromatic scale. The second element is constructed and arranged for movement relative to the first element in two orthogonal directions, so as to indicate the relationship between the notes of the chromatic scale and the structure of a selected one of the musical scales, chords, and/or modes.

Abstract: Music selection systems and methods are disclosed. An adaptive set of songs is selected based on implicit feedback from a user. A random set of songs is also selected. A playlist selection module creates a playlist that includes songs from the adaptive set and the random set in a ratio determined by a surprise factor provided by a user. The playlist may also begin with a sure set of songs that are known to be enjoyed by the user.

Abstract: For grouping temporal segments of an audio piece, which is structured into main parts repeatedly occurring in the audio piece, into various segment classes, at first a similarity representation for the segments is provided, wherein the similarity representation for each segment comprises an associated plurality of similarity values, wherein the similarity values indicate how similar the segment is to every other segment of the audio piece. Hereupon, using the similarity values associated with the segment, a similarity threshold value for a segment is calculated in order to then associate a segment with a segment class when the similarity value of the segment meets a predetermined relation with reference to the similarity threshold value. With this, clustering is achieved, which also works efficiently and correctly where there are segments with strongly different or almost equal combined similarity values.

Abstract: Various systems and methods described above permit a user's content experience (e.g. music playing experience) to be monitored and for metadata describing this experience to be collected. This metadata can be dynamically updated as a user experiences media content and then used to impart to the user a personalized experience that is tailored to that specific user. A user's metadata can, in some instances, provided across a wide variety of computing devices on which the user may experience the media content, thus standardizing the user's personalized media experience. In addition, intelligent or “smart” playlists can be provided which, in some instances, can be dynamically and automatically updated to reflect current user experiences, thus providing a highly personalized and enjoyable content experience.

Abstract: Keys of an acoustic piano require balancers for cancellation of a part of self weight of the action units/hammers; however, the balancers are liable to be dropped off due to the aged deterioration of the wooden bars; in order to keep the balancers stable in the keys against the aged deterioration, the balancer is plastically deformed so as to bite into the wooden bar, the balancer, which is formed with thorns, is rotated so as to make the thorns bite into the wooden bar, the balancer is shaped into a configuration different from the holes so as to exert resilient force on the inner surface in a direction in parallel to the grain of wood, or the balancer is inserted into a constricted hole so as to strongly exert the resilient force on the inner surface, thereby being prevented from the dropping off from the keys.

Abstract: An automated computing system and method for determining fingering of musical instruments from digitized scored music or tablature. The computerized automated finger finder system and method analyzes a musical composition and determines hand and/or fingering positional information such that the musical composition can be efficiently played on a musical instrument of choice with minimal hand movement. The method and computing system also provide alternate or secondary fingering choices such that the musician can play with a different tonal stylization or with greater or lesser ease depending on his skill level.

Abstract: A mounting apparatus for a data storage device (10) includes a bracket (20, 50) for accommodating the data storage device and a latch member (30, 50). The latch member includes a pair of bent portions (34, 63) configured for attaching to the data storage device, and an operating portion (32, 62) connecting with the bent portions. The bent portions engage with the bracket for positioning the data storage device in the bracket. When the operating portion is pulled, the bent portions are caused to deform towards each other and disengage from the bracket for detaching the data storage device from the bracket.

Abstract: An electrical cover plate includes a base having a planar member. A first set of removable tabs is connected to the base so that removal of the first set of removable tabs forms a first set aperture, and a second set of removable tabs is connected to the base so that removal of the second set of removable tabs forms a second set aperture. The first set aperture and the second set aperture may each be bounded by an aperture periphery line so that the aperture periphery lines intersect. Also, the first tab set and the second tab set may have at least one tab in common, and each tab set may be bounded by a tab set periphery line so that the tab set periphery lines intersect. The tabs may be connected to the base by grooved connectors, connecting tabs, or other connections that removably connect the tabs to the base.

Abstract: One disclosed system comprises a first channel for routing at least one of a plurality of cables in a first direction; a second channel for routing said at least one cable in a second direction; and a plurality of teeth spaced apart from one another and disposed in one of said first channel and said second channel, said teeth positioned to create spaces in-between said plurality of cables before said at least one cable transitions from said first direction to said second direction.