Abstract: A method and an apparatus for examining a sample. The apparatus has a light source for generating excitation light in pulses which occur in succession at an excitation pulse frequency, for illuminating a sample region with the excitation pulse, and having a detector for detecting the detection light emanating from the sample region. The apparatus is characterized in that, for each detected photon of the detection light, the detector generates an electrical pulse and thereby a sequence of electrical pulses, and an analog-digital converter is provided that generates a digital data sequence by sampling the sequence of electrical pulses at a sampling rate.

Abstract: A solid state image pickup device which can prevent color mixture by using a layout of a capacitor region provided separately from a floating diffusion region and a camera using such a device are provided. A photodiode region is a rectangular region including a photodiode. A capacitor region includes a carrier holding unit and is arranged on one side of the rectangle of the photodiode region as a region having a side longer than the one side. In a MOS unit region, an output unit region including an output unit having a side longer than the other side which crosses the one side of the rectangle of the photodiode region is arranged on the other side. A gate region and the FD region are arranged between the photodiode region and the capacitor region.

Abstract: An image pickup system includes an image pickup element with an image pickup region in which a plurality of pixels are arranged in a matrix, and a controller configured to control reading of signals from the pixels. The controller divides a first frame period in which a first image is read from the image pickup element into a plurality of divided frame periods, including first and second divided frame periods. When the number of pixels included in the first image is larger than the number of pixels included in a second image, a second frame period required for reading all signals from the pixels included in the second image is inserted between the first and second divided frame periods. A refresh cycle of the second image is shorter than a refresh cycle of the first image.

Abstract: A photoelectric converting apparatus has: a first photoelectric conversion element for outputting a current to a first terminal by a photoelectric conversion; a first detecting unit for detecting an electric potential of the first terminal of the first photoelectric conversion element; a first feedback unit for feeding back a signal based on the electric potential detected by the first detecting unit to the first terminal of the first photoelectric conversion element and output a current based on the electric potential of the first terminal of the first photoelectric conversion element to a first current output terminal; and a current supplying unit for supplying the current to the first terminal of the first photoelectric conversion element.

Abstract: In accordance with an embodiment, a 4T pixel includes a first switch having a control terminal and first and second current carrying terminals and an amplifier having an input terminal and an output terminal. A second switch is coupled between the first switch and the amplifier.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a solid-state imaging element including: a photoelectric conversion section configured to generate a charge according to received light; and a plurality of active elements configured to perform predetermined operation on the charge generated in the photoelectric conversion section, wherein a part of a gate electrode possessed by one of the active elements has a projection part buried in a substrate in which the photoelectric conversion section is formed. Thus, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of noise, and provide excellent image quality with a smaller area.

Abstract: An optical amplifier includes: an optical amplification unit implementing optical amplification on an optical signal input from an input end to output the amplified optical signal from an output end to a device through a transmission line; a branching unit branching light from the output end, where the light contains reflected-light or/and optical feedback; a photo-detector receiving the branched light and detecting optical level of the received light; and a control circuit reducing an amount of optical amplification of the optical amplification unit in case where the detected optical level becomes more than or equal to a first threshold. The control circuit normalizes the amount of optical amplification in case where a variation of the optical level detected by the photo-detector becomes less than or equal to a second threshold, where the variation of the optical level has been brought by the reduction of the amount of optical amplification.

Abstract: Example apparatus and methods for use in normalization of testing machines used to test samples in vessels are disclosed. An example apparatus includes verification source and a photon emitter positioned in the verification source. The example photon emitter includes a C14 source, a scintillator adjacent to the C14 source, and a filter adjacent to the scintillator. The example photon emitter is to emit photons through the filter for detection by a photon counter.

Abstract: A multi-point measuring apparatus of FBG sensor has an optical fiber, a wide-band wavelength light source, a light-source side light modulator for controlling time of a light entering into the optical fiber, among lights from this light source, a detector side light modulator for controlling time, during which a reflection light from a diffraction grating of the optical fiber penetrates through, a wavelength shift amount calculator for processing a signal obtained through detection of the reflection light from this light modulator, a temperature/distortion calculator for calculating an amount of deformation of a target to be measured from a result of this calculator, and a display portion for displaying information relating to the amount of deformation of this target to be measured.

Abstract: A rotary position detector includes a housing having an inner space having a reflective element. A light source emits light rays upwardly. A base supports a light detector assembly having a first number of toroidal-sector-shaped light sensors disposed in pairs about a motor shaft axis, one “A” detector element and one “B” detector element alternately disposed. A light blocker positioned between the light source and the light sensors rotates with the shaft. The light blocker includes a second number of opaque, equal-surface-area elements arrayed about the axis, the second number equal to one-half the first number. A circuit measures a signal from the “A” and “B” detectors relating to an amount of light falling thereon, a difference related to an angular position of the motor shaft.

Abstract: A gantry positioning device for connecting a gantry and a supporter together of an imaging system includes: a linear translation positioner for translating the gantry vertically with respect to the supporter; a first rotation positioner for rotating the gantry about a first axis which passes horizontally an iso-center of the gantry with respect to the supporter; and a second rotation positioner for rotating the gantry about a second axis which passes vertically the iso-center of the gantry with respect to the supporter. The first rotation positioner includes: a tilt guide which is formed along an arc having a center on the first axis; and a tilt block which is connected to the tilt guide so as to be rotatable about the first axis.

Abstract: Disclosed are directed-energy systems and methods for disrupting electronic circuits, especially those containing semiconductors. A directed-energy system can include a charged particle generator configured to generate plural energized particles and a charge transformer configured to receive the plural energized particles that include charged particles and to output energized particles that include particles having substantially zero charge. The charged particle generator can be configured to direct the plural energized particles through the charge transformer in a predefined direction. A method for disrupting electronic circuits can include generating plural energized particles, directing the plural energized particles to an incident surface of a charge transformer and transforming the plural energized particles within the charge transformer. The transformed particles can be at substantially zero charge.

Abstract: Provided are methods for determining the amount of reverse T3 in a sample using mass spectrometry. The methods generally involve ionizing reverse T3 in a sample and detecting and quantifying the amount of the ion to determine the amount of reverse T3 in the sample.

Abstract: An inductively coupled plasma source having multiple gases in the plasma chamber provides multiple ion species to a focusing column. A mass filter allows for selection of a specific ion species and rapid changing from one species to another.

Abstract: Gene detecting methods without using PCR are disclosed. The methods comprise forming sandwich complexes by target genes with nano-probes and capture probes, wherein nano-probes are modified with recognition molecules and magnetic microparticles modified with capture molecules; then separating the sandwich complexes; releasing the nano-probes; and detecting molecular ion peaks of encoding molecules on the surface of nano-probes by mass spectrometric detection directly, characterized in that the proportions of recognition molecules and encoding molecules on the nano-probes are 300-2000:1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of diagnostic methods. Specifically, the present invention contemplates a method for diagnosing pancreatic cancer in a subject, a method for identifying whether a subject is in need for a therapy of pancreatic cancer or a method for determining whether a pancreatic cancer therapy is successful. The invention also relates to tools for carrying out the aforementioned methods, such as diagnostic devices.

Abstract: An ion source (12, 102) for a mass spectrometer comprising an ionizer (18, 106) receiving an ionizer gas from an ionizer gas supply (16), a conditioner (20) in communication with the ionizer (18, 106), a reactor (22, 110) in communication with the conditioner (20) and adapted for communication with the mass spectrometer, the reactor (22, 110) adapted to receive a sample from a sample supply in communication with the reactor (22, 110), wherein the conditioner (20) is sized to remove fast diffusing electrons from a flow of the ionizer gas from the glow discharge ionizer (18, 106) to the reactor (22, 110).

Abstract: An ion lens for reducing contaminant effects in an ion guide of a mass spectrometer is provided. The ion lens comprises a structural member comprising an orifice of a given radius, the structural member for supporting the ion lens at an exit region of the ion guide. The ion lens further comprises a conical member extending from the structural member, the conical member being hollow and comprising a given cone angle, and a base of the given radius, a perimeter of the base connected to a perimeter of the orifice. The conical member further comprises an aperture through an apex of the conical member, the aperture for receiving ions there through from the ion guide.

Abstract: Aspects and embodiments of the present invention are directed to spectrometry systems and for apparatus and methods for delivering dopants to same. In one example, there is provided a dopant delivery device configured to supply dopants to a spectrometry system comprising a tube including a first chamber and a second chamber, a first dopant source included in the first chamber, and a second dopant source included in the second chamber.

Abstract: A curtain-gas filter for a mass- or mobility-spectrometer that bars gases or vapors of a high-flux atmospheric pressure ion source, as we ions of high mobility and charged droplets, from entering an evacuated mass spectrometer or a mobility spectrometer that is at a lower pressure than the main filter volume of the curtain-gas filter. A portion of the ion-source buffer gas in the ion-source plume is sucked through an ion-source buffer gas inlet into the main filter volume of the curtain-gas filter, from where this ion-source gas is exhausted after a properly shaped electric field has pushed a large portion of the embedded ions into an externally provided stream of a clean buffer gas, which is sucked through a passage into a mass- or mobility-spectrometer that is at a lower pressure.

Abstract: A defect observation device supplied with a taught defect and an ideal output obtained by conducting image processing on the taught defect as its input and capable of conducting work of setting image processing parameters required to classify defect kinds easily and fast is provided.

Abstract: The present invention realizes a specimen holder for a charged-particle beam apparatus capable for moving at least one specimen support, and for obtaining the image of the transmission electron microscopy, or the like of all specimens arranged in the specimen holder with high spatial resolution. The retainer plates are put on the specimen supports after the specimen supports are set on the specimen stages at the end portion of the specimen holder respectively. Thereafter, the specimen supports and the retainer plates are fixed to the specimen stages. The vibration damping mechanism is arranged on the end portion side of the specimen holder. The vibration of the specimen support can be prevented or restricted by the condition that the vibration damping mechanism contacts to the specimen support. Accordingly, the transmission electron microscopy image can be obtained with high spatial resolution power.

Abstract: A system is disclosed for obtaining layered cathodoluminescence images of a sample wherein the light collecting equipment is highly efficient and wherein the microtoming or Focused Ion Beam equipment does not interfere with the efficiency of the light collecting equipment and wherein the position of the sample with respect to the light collecting equipment is not disturbed in the microtoming or ion beam milling process. Embodiments are disclosed allowing simultaneous collection of cathodoluminescence images and collection of other electron based imaging signals such as backscattered and secondary electrons.

Abstract: A portable radiation detection unit comprises a radiation detection panel that detects radiation and a housing that contains the radiation detection panel, wherein the housing comprises a first housing portion, which includes at least one sidewall, and a second housing portion, which is independent from the first housing portion, and by using a configuration in which the first housing portion is movable with respect to the second housing portion, a distance between the sidewall of the first housing portion and an end portion of the radiation detection panel provided in the second housing portion is variable.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a sensor apparatus including forming a first conductive section in the first region, forming a pyroelectric body above the first conductive section, forming a second conductive body above the pyroelectric body, forming a first insulating film both above the second conductive body and in the second region, forming a first opening section with the second conductive section as the bottom surface in the first region by removing a portion of the first insulating film and for forming a second opening section in the second region, filling a third conductive section into both the first opening section and the second opening section, forming a second insulating film which covers the pyroelectric body in the first region and covers the third conductive section in the second region, and forming a third opening section with the third conductive section as the bottom surface by removing a portion of the second insulating film.

Abstract: Methods and systems for detecting the presence of a substance on a surface are provided. The method can include directing a modulated light beam (e.g., having a wavelength of about 3 to about 20 ?m) from a light source to a beam expander such that the beam expander widens the diameter of the light beam into an expanded beam. The expanded beam can then be directed onto the surface to form an illuminated area. A specular reflection can then be detected from the illuminated area on the surface in each light cycle, and the presence of the substance on the surface can be determined.

Abstract: Methods and systems for detecting the presence of an inconsistency in or on a surface are generally provided. The method can include directing a modulated light beam (e.g., having a wavelength of about 3 ?m to about 20 ?m) from a light source to a mirror. The mirror then directs a reflected light beam onto the surface (e.g., directly onto the surface or indirectly onto the surface via a additional mirror(s)). The mirror is controlled to scan the reflected light beam across the surface. A specular reflection from the surface can then be detected in each light cycle, and the presence of the inconsistency on the surface can be detected.

Abstract: A radiation detection panel includes a single light emitting section, a first detection section and a second detection section. The single light emitting section absorbs radiation that has been transmitted through an imaging subject and that emits light. The first detection section detects light emitted from the light emitting section as an image. The second detection section that is formed from an organic photoelectric conversion material and that detects light emitted from the light emitting section. The light emitting section, the first detection section and the second detection section are stacked in layers along a radiation incident direction.

Abstract: In a radiation detector (60), pixels with sensor portions (72) that generate electrical charges when irradiated with radiation or light converted from radiation are plurally arrayed two-dimensionally in an imaging region that captures a radiation image, and the radiation detector (60) outputs the electrical charges accumulated in the pixels as electrical signals. A radiation detection section (62), in which sensor portions (146) capable of detecting the radiation or light to which radiation is converted are plurally provided, is provided layered over the imaging region of the radiation detector (60). Thus, a radiation image capture device and radiation image capture system capable of detecting radiation within an imaging region without complicating the structure of an imaging section that captures radiation images are provided.

Abstract: A device for detecting alpha-particles, like those emanating from radon. The device includes an electronic circuit (100) having a detection/conversion cell (102) with a forward-biased diode (D) with its n-type layer grounded and the input of which is electrically connected to the p-type layer of the diode (D). The cell is designed to recover the charge emitted by the diode (D) and to convert this charge into a representative voltage constituting a dosage signal. The device further includes a comparison circuit (160) designed to compare the level of the dosage signal with a threshold level, and a control circuit (170) to control a protection device in response to the level of the voltage (V) exceeding the threshold value.

Abstract: A radiological image-capturing device includes: a first read control section that executes a first read mode in which electric signals stored in a plurality of pixels are read out simultaneously in units of a plurality of rows; and an emission-start determining section that determines that the emission of radiation from a radiation source onto an image-capturing panel has started when the values of the electric signals read by the first read control section have become greater than an arbitrarily settable threshold. If it is determined by the emission-start determining section that the emission of said radiation has started, the first read control section terminates the reading of the electric signals, and thereby brings the image-capturing panel into an exposure state.

Abstract: Devices and methods are provided to allow rapid deflection of a charged particle beam. The disclosed devices can, for example, be used as part of a hadron therapy system to allow scanning of a target area within a patient's body. The disclosed charged particle beam deflectors include a dielectric wall accelerator (DWA) with a hollow center and a dielectric wall that is substantially parallel to a z-axis that runs through the hollow center. The dielectric wall includes one or more deformed high gradient insulators (HGIs) that are configured to produce an electric field with an component in a direction perpendicular to the z-axis. A control component is also provided to establish the electric field component in the direction perpendicular to the z-axis and to control deflection of a charged particle beam in the direction perpendicular to the z-axis as the charged particle beam travels through the hollow center of the DWA.

Abstract: An ion guide array is disclosed comprising a first ion guide section and a second ion guide section. Each ion guide section may comprise a plurality of electrodes having an aperture through which ions are transmitted in use. A transfer section is arranged at the exit of the first ion guide section and ions are transmitted radially from the first ion guide section into the second ion guide section. Electrodes in the transfer section may have a radial aperture enabling ions to be transmitted radially from the first ion guide section to the second ion guide section.

Abstract: An installation for treating articles with radiation, the installation comprising a structure having pivotally mounted thereon an inlet starwheel and an outlet starwheel respectively arranged facing an inlet and an outlet of a shielded enclosure in which there are mounted at least one pivotal treatment starwheel and at least one electron emitter in the vicinity of the treatment starwheel. The installation comprises a linear inlet conveyor and a linear outlet conveyor extending inside the shielded enclosure respectively facing the inlet and the outlet, the linear conveyors each comprising a respective transporter surrounding a shielded wall forming a baffle.

Abstract: In overview, the described system provides a mercury-free gas discharge UVC lamp system and in particular a liquid purification system including a treatment container, a treatment volume, and one or more UVC lamps as described hereinafter configured to irradiate the treatment volume. In an embodiment of the invention, the UVC lamp system includes a tubular glass or quartz envelope, evacuated to approximately 200 Torr and slightly backfilled with a noble gas such as Xenon, Argon, or Nitrogen. For end emission, the cylindrical opening in each electrode assembly may be a through-hole capped externally by a quartz window. The radiation flux and dwell time may be adjusted to the type and degree of contamination in the water.

Abstract: Chemical compositions may be selectively or preferentially excited by the application of scores comprising a series of energy inputs.

Abstract: An ion implantation system for improving performance and extending lifetime of an ion source is disclosed whereby the selection, delivery, optimization and control of the flow rate of a co-gas into an ion source chamber is automatically controlled.

Abstract: The invention relates to a control grid for an electron beam generating device, wherein the control grid comprises apertures arranged in rows in a width direction and columns in a height direction, wherein a majority of the apertures in a row have the same size, and wherein the size of the apertures of at least one row differs from the size of the apertures of another row.

Abstract: A rotary valve adapter assembly comprising an adapter plate configured to attach to a rotary valve body, a torque multiplier assembly comprising one or more planetary gear subassemblies, each of which comprises a sun gear, a ring gear, and a plurality of planetary gears, a magnetic actuator assembly comprising two sets of magnetically coupled magnets, and a shaft. The magnetic actuator assembly interfaces with the torque multiplier assembly such that when the magnets of the magnetic actuator assembly rotate, they cause the sun gear of a first planetary gear subassembly to rotate and the planetary gears to walk on the ring gear. When the carrier of the first planetary gear subassembly rotates, it causes the sun gear of a second planetary gear subassembly to rotate. When the carrier of the second planetary gear subassembly rotates, the shaft also rotates, thereby causing the valve to open and close.

Abstract: A rotary valve adapter assembly comprising an adapter plate configured to attach to a rotary valve body, a torque multiplier assembly comprising one or more planetary gear subassemblies, each of which comprises a sun gear, ring gear, and a plurality of planetary gears, a magnetic actuator assembly comprising two sets of magnetically coupled magnets, and a shaft. The magnetic actuator assembly interfaces with the torque multiplier assembly such that when the magnets of the magnetic actuator assembly rotate, they cause the sun gear of a first planetary gear subassembly to rotate and the planetary gears to walk on the ring gear. The shaft interfaces with the carrier of one of the planetary gear subassemblies such that when the carrier rotates, the shaft also rotates, thereby causing the valve to open and close. The assembly further comprises a pressure equalization system comprising a piston and piston spring or spring washer stack.

Abstract: An electric actuator includes a direct current (DC) motor, a deceleration mechanism having an input gear, an intermediate gear, an output gear, and an output shaft, and a return mechanism. The return mechanism includes a first resilient member and a second resilient member. The first resilient member is configured to apply resilient force, which urges a movable body in a direction to return the movable body from its displacement position to initial position, to the output shaft or the output gear. The second resilient member is configured to apply resilient force, which urges the movable body in the direction to return the movable body from its displacement position to initial position, to a motor shaft, the input gear, or the intermediate gear.

Abstract: A two-way needle control valve for controlling the position of the needle of a needle valve in a fuel injector is disclosed. A poppet member configured for displacement between an open position and a closed position in a valve bore of a valve body. The valve bore includes drain for draining fuel from valve when valve is open. The valve includes a supply line that extends across at least a portion of the valve body. The supply line receives fuel from a high pressure fuel line. An inlet throttle line is in fluid communication with the supply line, and delivers fuel from the supply line to a control chamber in a throttle plate. An outlet throttle line delivers fuel from the control chamber to a valve body inlet line, which is configured to deliver fuel to the cavity in the valve bore.

Abstract: Apparatuses for restricting fluid flow through a well conduit comprise a tubular member, a seat, a plug element, and a seal interface element comprising a seal interface material. The seal interface material resists or retards corrosion by a corroding fluid of the portion of the sealing interface between the plug element and the seat. The seal interface material may be acid-resistant, hydrogen sulfide resistant, and/or the like depending on the type of corroding fluid that is present in the tubular member.

Abstract: A fluid control valve includes: a resin valve main body including inlet and outlet ports in opposite side surfaces, a valve chamber communicating between the inlet and outlet ports and opening at the upper surface center of the main body, and a valve seat provided in an inner wall of the chamber; a valve element movable into or out of contact with the valve seat; and a valve upper body including a drive part to drive the valve element. An inflow passage is formed like an L shape extending through the inner wall to communicate between the inlet port and the chamber via the valve seat. The inner wall is cylindrical having a thick-wall portion to have a wall thickness thicker on the inlet port side than on the outlet port side. The valve main body is provided, at a center of a lower surface, with a resin injected part.

Abstract: A bonded mineral fibre product exhibiting high fire resistance in accordance with Class A1 of Standard EN 13501-1 as well as improved punking resistance comprises man-made vitreous fibres (MMVF)) bound by a cured binder composition, the non-cured binder composition comprising (a) a sugar component, and either (b) a polycarboxylic acid component and an alkanolamine, or (c) a reaction product of a polycarboxylic acid component and an alkanolamine, or (d) a combination of (b) and (c), the amount of sugar component (a) being within the range of 42 to 72 percent by weight, based on the total weight (dry matter) of the binder components.

Abstract: The invention provides a heat transfer composition comprising R-1234ze (E), R-32 and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a).

Abstract: Disclosed is a micro particle for a thermal control material capable of being applied as a highly thermal conductive material for thermal control, and an apparatus and a method of producing the micro particle for the thermal control material by using an ultrasonic high-temperature vibration scheme. More specifically, a Boron Nitride (BN) particle having a plate shape and an excellent thermal conductivity is coated on a PCM having a shape of a micro bead, to increase the thermal conduction to the inside PCM, so that a phase change is easily generated, and which allows an easy treatment of the PCM in a liquid state at a temperature equal to or higher than a melting point of the PCM.

Abstract: The invention relates to a combination of compounds for de-icing and/or anti-skid treatment, which combination comprises betaine and at least one other de-icing agent, which has been selected from the group consisting of acetates, formates, urea and combinations thereof. The invention also relates to a method of de-icing and/or anti-skid treatment, wherein a combination of compounds selected from the group consisting of acetates, formats, urea and combinations thereof, are applied to a slippery surface or a surface vulnerable to slipperiness. The invention further relates to the use of betaine for de-icing and/or anti-skid treatment, when betaine is used in combination with at least one other de-icing agent, which has been selected from the group consisting of acetates, formates, urea and combinations thereof.

Abstract: In the production method for abrasive grains according to the invention, an aqueous solution of a salt of a tetravalent metal element is mixed with an alkali solution, under conditions such that a prescribed parameter is 5.00 or greater, to obtain abrasive grains including a hydroxide of the tetravalent metal element.

Abstract: A composition for chemical soil improvement includes a synthetic fluid or base oil, a pour point depressant, polyisobutylene, and synthetic fibers, and various combinations thereof.