Abstract: A method of testing a circuit includes halting a flow of normal data through the circuit, running test data through the circuit while subjecting the circuit to a stress condition, and determining whether a hard error exists in the circuit based on the running of the test data.

Abstract: A method and system for testing a memory is provided in the present invention. The method includes the following steps. Each of at least one address bit to be tested of the memory is set to a fixed value. Current test data is written into memory unit(s) of the memory which the set address bit(s) correspond(s) to. Current read back data is read from the memory unit(s) which the set address bit(s) correspond(s) to. The current test data is compared with the current read back data. It is judged whether there is any signal integrity problem in unset address bit(s) of the memory according to the comparison result of the current test data and the current read back data, in order to determine fault address bit(s). The method and system for testing a memory provided by the present invention may determine fault address bit(s) of the memory simply and quickly.

Abstract: The present application provides a circuit and method for testing a memory device. The memory device has multiple blocks addressable via a plurality of address lines and capable of inputting and/or outputting data via a plurality of data lines.

Abstract: A circuit with headroom monitoring includes a memory array having memory cells, a replica array, and a built-in self test circuit. The replica array has a plurality of word lines, a plurality of bit line pairs, and memory cells located at intersections of the plurality of word lines and the plurality of bit line pairs. The memory cells are of a same type as memory cells in the memory array. The built-in self test circuit is coupled to the replica array for adding a capacitance to at least one bit line of the plurality of bit line pairs, for sensing a read time of memory cells of the replica array with the capacitance so added, and for providing a headroom signal in response to the read time.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory apparatus includes: a user setting unit configured to generate test data and a delay control signal in response to an external command and an external address; a delay locked loop (DLL) clock generation unit including a replica configured to have a delay time controlled in response to the delay control signal; and a data output unit configured to output the test data in response to a DLL clock signal outputted from the DLL clock generation unit.

Abstract: A semiconductor test device performs a test using a high-speed internal clock. The semiconductor test device includes a clock generator suitable for generating an internal clock in response to a test mode signal during a test mode, a data generator suitable for generating internal data in response to the internal clock, and a data latch circuit suitable for latching the internal data in response to the internal clock, and outputting the latched data to an internal logic circuit.

Abstract: A semiconductor apparatus may include a global line configured to enable electrical coupling between a memory block and an input/output terminal, a fuse array configured to store and to transmit repair information through the global line, and a control unit configured to selectively enable or disable signal paths among the input/output terminal, the global line, and the fuse array according to an operation mode of the semiconductor apparatus.

Abstract: A memory device including a first cell block including a plurality of word lines and first to Kth (K is a natural number) redundancy word lines, a second cell block including a plurality of word lines and (K+1)th to Nth (N is a natural number greater than K) redundancy word lines, and a control unit suitable for performing control so that the first to Nth redundancy word lines replace the word lines of the first or second cell block, refreshing the word lines of the first and the second cell blocks simultaneously in a first section, and sequentially refreshing the first to Nth redundancy word lines in a second section.

Abstract: A telescoping guide for extraction and reinsertion support handling of in-core instrument thimble assemblies in the area above the upper support plate in the upper internals of a pressurized water reactor. The telescoping guides extend between the upper ends of the upper internals support columns and an axially movable instrumentation grid assembly which is operable to simultaneously raise the telescoping guides and extract the in-core instrument thimble assemblies from the reactor fuel assemblies.

Abstract: An electron beam writing apparatus comprising a stage that a sample is placed on, an electron optical column, an electron gun emitting an electron beam disposed in the optical column, an electrostatic lens provided with electrodes aligned in an axial direction of the electron beam disposed in the optical column, and a voltage supply device for applying positive voltage constantly to the electrostatic lens. A shield plate is disposed between the XY stage and the electron optical column to block reflected electrons or secondary electrons generated by irradiation to the sample with the electron beam. The electrostatic lens is disposed immediately above the shield plate to change a focal position of the electron beam. A voltage supply device applies a positive voltage constantly to the electrostatic lens.

Abstract: Provided is a copper alloy plate that is for an FPC substrate and that has superior heat dissipation, repeated bending workability, shape retaining properties, and heat resistance. The copper alloy plate contains at least 0.01 mass % of the total of at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ag, Cr, Fe, In, Ni, P, Si, Sn, Ti, Zn, and Zr, contains no more than 1.0 mass % of Ag, no more than 0.08 mass % of Ti, no more than 2.0 mass % of Ni, no more than 3.5 mass % of Zn, and no more than 0.5 mass % of Cr, Fe, In, P, Si, Sn, and Zr by the total of the at least one element selected from the group, the remainder comprising Cu and impurities, has a conductivity of at least 60% IACS, has a tensile strength of at least 350 MPa, and has I(311)/IO(311) determined by X-ray diffraction in the thickness direction of the plate surface that satisfies the formula I(311)/IO(311)?0.5.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a composition comprising plasma coated fullerenic soot particles, methods for the preparation thereof, and its use in polymer blends.

Abstract: Methods and devices for transporting and/or providing electricity are provided herein. In some embodiments, this includes a flexible conduit and charge carrying microparticles provided therein. In some embodiments the microparticles are charged at a first charging terminal, moved to a new location where there is a charge collecting terminal, where the charge on the microparticle can then be discharged.

Abstract: A flexible device for electrically connecting an electric component and a printed circuit board together includes a main extension direction, and the flexible electric-connection device includes a first contact region formed at one end of the flexible electric-connection device in the main extension direction, as well as a second contact region formed at the other end of the flexible electric-connection device in the main extension direction. The flexible electric-connection device includes a stiffener, or the flexible electric connection device is combined with a supporting element. The electric component is provided so as to be in direct electric contact with the flexible electric-connection device via the first contact region.

Abstract: According to an aspect of an exemplary embodiment, there is provided a method of obtaining graphene, the method comprising: preparing a graphene forming structure of which a first graphene is formed on one surface and a second graphene is formed on another surface, and that comprises at least one metal catalyst member; disposing a first carrier and a second carrier on the first graphene and the second graphene, respectively; and removing the metal catalyst member by applying an etchant to a side surface of the graphene forming structure while winding up the first carrier and the second carrier by respectively rotating a pair of rolls formed to face each other.

Abstract: A resistor component is provided, including a ceramic bar having a film applied thereon, a protection layer formed on the film in a middle portion of the ceramic bar, an end plating layer formed on the film at two ends of the ceramic bar, an insulation layer formed on the protection layer, and a color coded marking formed on the insulation layer that indicates the resistance of the resistor component. The end plating layer is formed by a barrel plating method and includes copper, tin, nickel and a combination thereof. The resistor component thus has a low cost and is manufactured by a simple process, simultaneously avoids the occurrence of pores or incompletely sealed join that may be caused by the prior method. Therefore the resistor component has high reliability.

Abstract: A NTC thermistor element that includes a substrate composed of a ceramic material containing Mn, Ni, Fe and Ti; and a pair of external electrodes on the substrate. When the molar amount of Mn in the substrate is a [mol %] and the molar amount of Ni in the substrate is b [mol %], a and b satisfy a+b=100, 44.90?a?65.27 and 34.73?b?55.10. When the molar amount of Fe is c [mol %] and the molar amount of Ti is d [mol %], c and d satisfy 24.22?c?39.57 and 5.04?d?10.18 based on a+b=100.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide an alcoholic solvent, in which FeCo-based particles becoming a soft magnet are improved, for enhancing properties of a magnetic material using no heavy rare earth elements, and is to provide a sintered magnet produced by using it.

Abstract: A method of making a nanocomposite permanent magnet is provided. The method comprises applying an extreme shear deformation to hard magnetic phase nanoparticles and soft magnetic phase nanoparticles to align at least a portion of the hard phase magnetic particles and to produce a nanocomposite permanent magnet.

Abstract: An inductor assembly generally comprises at least one helical inductive component comprising that includes a plurality of conductive line layers having conductive lines therein. A plurality of vias are configured to couple conductive lines from two or more conductive line layers such that a spacing between two adjacent parallel conductive lines, in different conductive line layers from each other, is two or more times a distance between respective bottom surfaces of two adjacent conductive line layers.

Abstract: A laminate has a structure in which magnetic layers and a non-magnetic layer containing glass are stacked. A coil is incorporated in the laminate. The magnetic permeability ?2 in portions (low-magnetic-permeability portions), of the magnetic layers, which are adjacent to the non-magnetic layer and into which the glass diffuses is lower than the magnetic permeability ?1 in portions (high-magnetic-permeability portions), of the magnetic layers, which are not adjacent to the non-magnetic layer.

Abstract: An inductor assembly includes an inductor core, a winding, and a coolant conduit. The inductor core defines a cavity and the winding is disposed about the inductor core such that a portion of the winding is disposed within the cavity. The coolant conduit extends from a first end of the cavity towards an opposed second end of the cavity and includes an inlet port and an outlet port in fluid communication with each other through the coolant conduit.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a contactless power transfer transformer includes a both-sides wound coil. The both-sides wound coil includes an inter-magnetic-pole core portion between two magnetic pole portions. The winding wire is wound around a wound region of the inter-magnetic-pole core portion. The inter-magnetic-pole includes: a plurality of separate magnetic members that connect to each of the two magnetic pole portions, and are arranged with a spacing therebetween and in parallel with each other; and a heat conductor that is alternately arranged with respect to the separate magnetic members on a plane formed by the separate magnetic members so as to be in contact with the separate magnetic members. Heat generated by the separate magnetic members is guided to the outside of the wound region of the inter-magnetic-pole core portion through the heat conductor, and is dissipated.

Abstract: A coupled inductor array has length, width, and height. The coupled inductor array includes a monolithic magnetic core formed of a magnetic material having a distributed gap, and a plurality of windings embedded in the monolithic magnetic core. Each winding forms a respective winding loop of one or more turns around a respective winding axis, and each winding axis extends in the height direction. Areas of the monolithic magnetic core enclosed by the winding loops are greater than areas of the monolithic magnetic core outside of the winding loops, as seen when the coupled inductor array is viewed cross-sectionally in the height direction. One possible application of the coupled inductor array is in a multi-phase switching power converter.

Abstract: A transformer is configured to receive an input electrical signal at input nodes and supply an output electrical signal at output nodes. The transformer includes windings wound on the core between the input and output nodes. The windings define a signal path to transform the input electrical signal into the output electrical signal along the signal path. The transformer includes a first insulated conductive layer arranged between first and second windings configured to receive a first bias voltage. The transformer includes a second insulated conductive layer arranged spatially proximate to the first and second windings configured to receive a second bias voltage. The first and second insulated conductive layers form an electrostatic field that is based on a potential difference between the first and second bias voltages independent of the signal path. The windings are arranged to be within the formed electrostatic field.

Abstract: A composite transformer with a longer creepage distance includes a primary winding rack and an insulation support rack mounted onto the primary winding rack. The insulation support rack includes a first insulation half shell and a second insulation half shell that have respectively a first encasing portion and a second encasing portion to encase the primary winding rack. The first and second encasing portions have respectively a first insulation portion and a second insulation portion, and a first isolating portion and a second isolating portion extended respectively from the first and second insulation portions. The first isolating portion has a first covering section extended towards the second isolating portion to cover the second isolating portion. The second isolating portion has a second covering section extended towards the first isolating portion to cover the first isolating portion.

Abstract: A composite electronic component with a built-in coil is provided which can be produced inexpensively, which can effectively increase insulating reliability, and which has the antistatic function. Coil wirings are disposed inside a sintered body that is formed by stacking a plurality of ferrite layers, which are fired as an integral unit. Voltage nonlinear members are incorporated in the sintered body at a different height position from those of the coil wirings. First inner electrodes and second inner electrodes are disposed in opposing relation with the voltage nonlinear members interposed therebetween. A magnetic circuit forming portion is constituted by a part of the ferrite layers and the coil wirings in a portion in which the coil wirings are arranged, and an antistatic portion is constituted in a portion in which the remaining ferrite layers, the voltage nonlinear members, and the first and second inner electrodes are arranged.

Abstract: The invention relates to an on-load tap changer for step transformers, which has one main current branch and one auxiliary current branch for each of the two winding taps to be switched. In each main current branch and auxiliary current branch, switching is accomplished by means of a vacuum switching tube. According to the invention, an additional mechanical contact is provided in each of the main current branches and in each of the auxiliary current branches between the respective winding tap to which said branch is electrically connected and the respective vacuum switching tube in said branch. Said mechanical contacts are switched in such a way that the vacuum switching tubes in the main current branch and the auxiliary current branch of the unconnected winding tap can be galvanically isolated from the unconnected winding tap.

Abstract: An electromagnetic coil system for driving control of a micro-robot includes pairs of X-axis and Y-axis Helmholtz coils whose winding central axes are placed on an X axis and Y axis respectively, a position recognition system that detects a position and direction of the micro-robot in a workspace, a controller that controls an amount of supply of electric currents flowing to the X-axis or Y-axis Helmholtz coils in order to control movement of the micro-robot based on information about the movement of the micro-robot and previously input information about a path of the micro-robot, and a current amplifier that supplies the electric currents to the respective Helmholtz coils. The pairs of X-axis and Y-axis Helmholtz coils are disposed so as to face each other, and the X-axis Helmholtz coils and the Y-axis Helmholtz coils are vertically crossed and installed so as to form the workspace of the micro-robot.

Abstract: A power electronic capacitor module for vehicle that may reduce the number of solderings by inserting and thereby mounting a capacitor between a single pair of bus bars and thereby may simplify an assembly process. The power electronic capacitor module for vehicle may include a single pair of bus bars disposed to be separate from each other and each having an external electrode support member; an insulating support frame formed to expose the external electrode support member and wrap around a single pair of bus bars and thereby support the bus bars; and a capacitor element having a single pair of external electrodes and inserted between a single pair of bus bars to thereby be supported by the bus bars or the external electrode support members and electrically connect the external electrodes to the external electrode support members.

Abstract: A multilayer ceramic capacitor includes a multilayer body including a plurality of stacked dielectric layers including a dielectric ceramic that includes a plurality of crystal grains and a plurality of internal electrodes disposed at a plurality of interfaces between the dielectric layers, and external electrodes. The multilayer body includes a Ba and Ti containing perovskite compound, La, Mg, Mn and Al, and satisfies conditions such that in a case in which a content of Ti is set to 100 molar parts, a fraction of each content of La, Mg, Mn and Al relative to the content of Ti is such that La is about 0.2 to about 1.2 molar parts, Mg is about 0.1 molar part or less, Mn is about 1.0 to about 3.0 molar parts and Al is about 0.5 to about 2.5 molar parts, and an average number of crystal grains included in each of the dielectric layers in the stacking direction is one or more to three or less.

Abstract: A multilayer ceramic electronic part may include: a ceramic body; an active layer including a plurality of first and second internal electrodes disposed to be alternately exposed to both end surfaces of the ceramic body, having the dielectric layer therebetween; an upper cover layer formed on an upper portion of the active layer; a lower cover layer formed on a lower portion of the active layer and having a thickness thicker than that of the upper cover layer; and first and second external electrodes electrically connected to the first and second internal electrodes, wherein the first and second external electrodes include: first and second conductive layers extended from both end surfaces of the ceramic body onto upper and lower main surfaces thereof; and first and second insulation layers formed on the first and second conductive layers disposed on both end surfaces of the ceramic body.

Abstract: Utilizing a variable capacitor for RF and microwave applications provides for multiple levels of intra-cavity routing that advantageously reduce capacitive coupling. The variable capacitor includes a bond pad that has a plurality of cells electrically coupled thereto. Each of the plurality of cells has a plurality of MEMS devices therein. The MEMS devices share a common RF electrode, one or more ground electrodes and one or more control electrodes. The RF electrode, ground electrodes and control electrodes are all arranged parallel to each other within the cells. The RF electrode is electrically connected to the one or more bond pads using a different level of electrical routing metal.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an electrolytic capacitor includes preparing a dielectric film formed on a surface of an anode foil, forming a first conductive polymer layer on a surface of the dielectric film by immersing the anode foil in first dispersion solution including conductive polymer particles and forming a second conductive polymer layer covering the first conductive polymer layer solvent by immersing the anode foil in second dispersion solution including second conductive polymer particles and second solvent. The surface of the anode foil has plural pits formed therein. The second dispersion solution has a pH value farther from 7 than the first dispersion solution does. This configuration can suppress damages to the dielectric film.

Abstract: The solid electrolytic capacitor of the present invention includes an anode, a dielectric layer formed on the anode, and a solid electrolyte layer formed on the dielectric layer. The solid electrolyte layer includes an oxide of valve metal. It is beneficial that the solid electrolyte layer contains a salt of valve metal in addition to the oxide of valve metal. Furthermore, it is beneficial that the oxide of valve metal is vanadium pentoxide.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion element is provided. The photoelectric conversion element includes a first electrode and a second electrode. The first electrode is covered with an electron transport layer. The electron transport layer is covered with a material represented by the following formula (1): wherein each of R1 and R2 independently represents a straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl group, Ar represents a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, each of X1 and X2 independently represents a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or a substituted or unsubstituted saturated hydrocarbon group, n represents an integer of from 1 to 3, and Ar may share bond connectivity with X1 or X2 to form a ring. The second electrode is facing the electron transport layer.

Abstract: An electronic component manufacturing method includes the steps of preparing at least one electronic component chip having a first surface and a second surface opposite each other; holding the electronic component chip between a first plate and a second plate such that the first surface is in contact with a first elastic layer of the first plate and the second surface is in contact with a second elastic layer of the second plate; and turning the electronic component chip by relatively moving the first and second plates in a planar direction thereof using a planar movement mechanism and moving the first and second plates in accordance with a turning path of the electronic component chip using the planar movement mechanism and a vertical movement mechanism.

Abstract: A shuttle board relay is provided that is scalable to a specific pitch or routing density. The shuttle board relay provides a path with different sets of electrical components that allows this via by allowing the integration of components and other types of customization. The shuttle board relay provides a minimally disruptive path to the signal. This minimizes loss and signal distortion, isolation and crosstalk are a function of pitch. Since pitch can be set, grounds included, etc., a design may be fully optimized for low cross talk.

Abstract: A switch is described. The switch may have first and second terminals to connect a source of power to a load, a shaft rotatable about a central axis and moveable longitudinally along the central axis, the shaft having a wing extending out orthogonally from the central axis, a contact plate to physically and electrically connect the first and second terminals when the shaft is moved longitudinally along the central axis, and a disengagement ramp to contact the wing when the shaft is rotated about the central axis, the disengagement ramp to force the shaft to move longitudinally along the central axis as the shaft is rotated to move the contact plate away from the first and second terminals.

Abstract: Provided is a key switch that enables sufficiently enhancement of the rigidity of a key top. A key switch includes a support plate; a key top disposed on the support plate; a link configured to link the key top with the support plate; a switch; a first arm disposed on a back surface of the key top between the link and a first short-side end of the key top, and extending in a long-side direction of the key top; a second arm disposed on the back surface of the key top between the link and a second short-side end of the key top, and extending in the long-side direction of the key top; and a reinforcement plate mounted on the key top. The reinforcement plate comprises a short-side part extending in the short-side direction of the key top between the first arm and the second arm.

Abstract: A hydromechanical stored-energy spring mechanism is provided for operating at least one switching contact of a circuit breaker, for example, in a high-voltage switching system. The hydromechanical stored-energy spring mechanism includes a hydraulically operated close-open (CO) delay circuit configured to delay triggering of a switching process of the circuit breaker, and an electromechanical actuator provided in place of a hydraulic operation of the CO delay circuit. The electromechanical actuator generates a mechanical time delay or acceleration over an extended temperature range.

Abstract: Spring operated actuator devices for an electrical circuit breaker and/or electrical switching device include at least one clock spring comprising a disc shaped body with gear teeth and a spiral spring, a cam shaft holding the at least one clock spring with an inner end portion of the spiral spring attached to the cam shaft, and a drive cam held by the cam shaft adapted to be in communication with a follower that directs an actuator to open or close a mobile contact to maintain open and closed energy status of the electrical circuit. The at least one clock spring is configured as a closing spring of the spring operated actuator.

Abstract: An electric power circuit breaker with an energy storage device and an indicating device including an indicator lever with an indicator and an indicating cam of loaded and unloaded states of the loading mechanism. The indicating cam is mounted on the loading shaft in proximity to the loading cam, and includes a notch for receipt of the indicator lever when the mechanism is in the loaded state. The indicating cam includes a single ramp for progressively bringing the indicator lever into position up to the notch to guarantee latching of the opening latch maintained in a tripped position by the auxiliary release.

Abstract: In a hand-held power tool with a device for presetting a selected rotation direction of a drive motor that is associated with the power tool and contained in a tool housing. The device is equipped with an actuating element accessible from outside the tool housing for mechanically actuating a switch element, which is situated inside the tool housing and is at least embodied for electrically switching between a first and second rotation direction of the drive motor, the switch element is situated in the vicinity of the actuating element.

Abstract: A pivoting lockout member that is mounted to a pair of hinge member installed onto a control switch. Each of the hinge members includes a planar flange having a hole formed therethrough that is dimensioned to accept the face plate screw of a control switch. The lockout member has a pair of hinge arms that are connected together and spaced apart by a central U-shaped member. A pair of lock flanges extend at right angles to the U-shaped member and have holed formed therethrough that are aligned with each other to accept a conventional padlock. The locking member is moved between an unlocked position where the control switch handle is free to move, and a locked position where the U-shaped member captures the handle and prevent it from being operated.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing high-capacitive RF MEMS switches are provided. In one embodiment, the invention relates to a micro-electro-mechanical switch assembly including a substrate, an electrode disposed on a portion of the substrate, a dielectric layer disposed on at least a portion of the electrode, a metal layer disposed on at least a portion of the dielectric layer, and a flexible membrane having first and second ends supported at spaced locations on the substrate base, where the flexible membrane is configured to move from a default position to an actuated position in response to a preselected switching voltage applied between the flexible membrane and the electrode, and where, in the actuated position, the flexible membrane is in electrical contact with the metal layer.

Abstract: A switch unit including a case that has an opening and a switch, two terminals that partially project to an outside of the case from the opening, a gasket configured to seal the opening, the gasket including two through-holes through which the terminals extend, a base member, and a pressing member that is arranged between the terminals, where the gasket is in close contact with the terminals at the through-holes, a region between the through-holes of the gasket is pressed while nipped between the pressing member and the base member, and a surrounding region in the gasket is pressed while nipped between an inside surface of the case and the base member.

Abstract: The invention provides a push switch including a keytop movable in a first direction, a switch, first and second circuit boards, an electronic component mounted on the second circuit board, first and second circuits electrically connected to the switch, and a body. The switch is turned on or off in response to movement of the keytop. The first circuit on the first circuit board is configured to protect the switch. The second circuit on the second circuit board is configured to actuate the electronic component in response to a turn-on or turn-off of the switch. The body includes a main body and first and second holders. The first holder at the main body holds the first circuit board. The second holder at the main body or the first holder holds the second circuit board in spaced relation to the first circuit board in the first direction.

Abstract: This is directed to systems and methods for providing inputs to an electronic device with a button assembly. The button assembly may include a center region, a first end region that may extend from a first side of the center region, and a second end region that may extend from a second side of the center region. Each one of the first end region and the second end region may include a first flexibility, and the center region may include a second flexibility that may be less than the first flexibility.

Abstract: A keyswitch with force feedback function includes a vibrating source, a switching circuit and a controller. The vibrating source is connected to a cap of the keyswitch. The switching circuit is switched on according to states of the keyswitch. The controller is electrically connected to the vibrating source and the switching circuit. When the switching circuit is switched on, the controller outputs a first driving signal to the vibrating source, and the vibrating source transmits a pressing vibration to the cap of the keyswitch. A period of the first driving signal is smaller than or equal to a predetermined period, a user can feel vibration of the keyswitch due to the pressing vibration.