Abstract: In a power supply device, both ends of a bind bar are coupled to a pair of end plates disposed at both ends of the battery stack in a stacking direction formed by stacking battery cells, a cooling plate made of metal different from metal of the bind bar is disposed on a surface of the battery stack in a themally coupled state, and a cooling plate is fixed to the battery stack via bolts disposed in a longitudinal direction of the battery stack. In the power supply device, length (L) of a fixed region formed by fixing the bind bar to the cooling plate with the bolts is set to less than or equal to 70% of total length of the bind bar, and a non-fixed region that is not fixed to cooling plate via the bolts is provided at an end of the bind bar.

Abstract: Disclosed is a black phosphorus-polymer composite solid electrolyte including a polymer network structure in which nanofibers made of a second polymer material are connected to each other; a first polymer material received in the polymer network structure and having ionic conductivity; black phosphorus dispersed in the first polymer material, wherein the black phosphorus has an oxygen containing functional group; and a lithium salt compound contained in the first polymer material.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein relate generally to electrochemical cells including a selectively permeable membrane and systems and methods for manufacturing the same. In some embodiments, the selectively permeable membrane can include a solid-state electrolyte material. In some embodiments, electrochemical cells can include a cathode disposed on a cathode current collector, an anode disposed on an anode current collector, and the selectively permeable membrane disposed therebetween. In some embodiments, the cathode and/or anode can include a slurry of an active material and a conductive material in a liquid electrolyte. In some embodiments, a catholyte can be different from an anolyte. In some embodiments, the catholyte can be optimized to improve the redox electrochemistry of the cathode and the anolyte can be optimized to improve the redox electrochemistry of the anode. In some embodiments, the selectively permeable membrane can be configured to isolate the catholyte from the anolyte.

Abstract: The present invention can provide a production method for a solid electrolyte having Li3PS4, said method characterized by including: a solution-making step in which a homogenous solution is prepared by mixing Li2S and P2S5 into an organic solvent; and a precipitation step in which further Li2S is added to and mixed in the homogenous solution and a precipitate is formed. Preferably, the embodiment either has a molar ratio (Li2S/P2S5) between the Li2S and the P2S5 in the solution-making step of 1.0-1.85 or has further Li2S added to the homogenous solution in the precipitation step such that the molar ratio becomes Li2S/P7S5=2.7-3.3.

Abstract: Disclosed are a sulfide-based solid electrolyte imparted with improved lithium ion conductivity and a method of preparing the same. More particularly, disclosed is a sulfide-based solid electrolyte containing a lithium element (Li), a phosphorus element (P), a sulfur element (S) and a halogen element (X), and including a crystal phase of an argyrodite crystal structure, wherein a molar ratio (X/P) of the halogen element (X) to the phosphorus element (P) is higher than 1.

Abstract: Provided are a metal element-containing sulfide solid electrolyte having an effect of suppressing hydrogen sulfide generation and capable of expressing excellent working environments, and a method for producing it. The metal element-containing sulfide solid electrolyte contains a lithium element, a sulfur element, a phosphorus element, a halogen element, and at least one metal element selected from metal elements of Groups 2 to 12 and Period 4 or higher of the Periodic Table, in which the molar ratio of the lithium element to the phosphorus element (Li/P) is 2.4 or more and 12 or less, and the molar ratio of the sulfur element to the phosphorus element (S/P) is 3.7 or more and 12 or less.

Abstract: An all solid state battery that includes a sintered body, a first external electrode, a second external electrode, a first metal member, and a second metal member. The first metal member is electrically connected to the first external electrode and has a first reflow-mounting portion. The second metal member is electrically connected to the second external electrode and has a second reflow-mounting portion. A first wet plating layer is on at least a portion of a surface of the first reflow-mounting portion, and a second wet plating layer is on at least a portion of a surface of the second reflow-mounting portion.

Abstract: An electrochemical energy storage device is provided. The device may include a solid-state anode layer. The device may comprise a solid-state electrolyte layer. Further, the device may comprise a solid-state cathode layer. At least two adjacent ones out of the solid-state anode layer, the solid-state electrolyte layer, and the solid-state cathode layer may form a solid-state single-crystal with varying chemical compositions between the related layers. The solid-state electrolyte layer may have an ionic conductivity at room temperature higher than 10?6 S/cm.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of an electrode assembly capable of easily manufacturing a configuration in which an electrolyte and an active material are bonded to each other. A step of supplying, solidifying, and crystallizing a solid electrolyte including Li2+XC1?XBXO3 (X represents a real number equal to or greater than 0 and smaller than 1), so as to be in contact with an active material aggregate including a communication hole between active material particles, is included. In a case where the solid electrolyte is melted, the solid electrolyte is heated in a range of 650 degrees to 900 degrees.

Abstract: A rechargeable lead-acid battery is provided. The rechargeable lead-acid battery includes a casing, a grid structure and an electro-mechanical assembly. The casing defines an interior configured to accommodate plates and a supply of fluid that is electrically reactive with the plates to generate electricity. The grid structure is interposed between lower edges of the plates and a bottom of the casing. The electro-mechanical assembly is coupled with the grid structure and operable to agitate the grid structure.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are exemplary embodiments of improved separators for lead acid batteries, improved lead acid batteries incorporating the improved separators, and systems incorporating the same. A lead acid battery separator is provided with a porous membrane with a plurality of ribs extending from a surface thereon. The ribs are provided with a plurality of discontinuous peaks arranged such as to provide resilient support for the porous membrane in order to resist forces exerted by swelling NAM and thus mitigate the effects of acid starvation associated with NAM swelling. The separator is also provided to be capable utilizing any motion experienced by the battery housing such a separator in order to mitigate the effects of acid stratification by facilitating acid mixing. A lead acid battery is further provided that incorporates the provided separator.

Abstract: Providing is a battery comprising an iron anode, a nickel cathode, and an electrolyte comprised of sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide and a soluble metal sulfide. In one embodiment the concentration of sodium hydroxide in the electrolyte ranges from 6.0 M to 7.5 M, the amount of lithium hydroxide present in the electrolyte ranges from 0.5 to 2.0 M, and the amount of metal sulfide present in the electrolyte ranges from 1-2% by weight.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an insulation detection circuit and method, and a battery management system. The circuit includes a first isolation module, a voltage division module, a signal generation module, first and second sampling points and a processor. A first end of the first isolation module is connected to a power battery, and a second end of the first isolation module is connected to the second sampling point. The signal generation module is connected to the first sampling point and configured to inject an AC signal into the power battery and provide the first sampling point with a first sampled signal. A first end of the voltage division module is connected to the first sampling point, and a second end of the voltage division module is connected to the second sampling point. The processor is configured to calculate an insulation resistance of the power battery.

Abstract: An electronic component mounting substrate includes: a substrate having a first substrate terminal, a second substrate terminal, and an insulator provided between the first substrate terminal and the second substrate terminal; and an electronic component having a first terminal configured to be connected to the first substrate terminal and a second terminal configured to be connected to the second substrate terminal, the electronic component being provided on the insulator. The insulator is provided on a surface of the substrate and has a protrusion configured to protrude from peripheral portions between the first terminal and the second terminal on a periphery of the electronic component. A length x of the protrusion of the insulator from each of the peripheral portions and a length a of the electronic component in a direction from the first terminal toward the second terminal satisfy a relationship of x?a/4.

Abstract: Provided is a method of improving the cycle-life of a lithium metal secondary battery, the method comprising implementing an anode-protecting layer between an anode active material layer (or an anode current collector layer substantially without any lithium when the battery is made) and a porous separator/electrolyte assembly, wherein the anode-protecting layer is in a close physical contact with the anode active material layer (or the anode current collector), has a thickness from 10 nm to 500 ?m and comprises an electrically and ionically conducting network of cross-linked polymer chains having a lithium ion conductivity from 10?8 to 5×10?2 S/cm and an electron conductivity from 10?8 to 103 S/cm and wherein the anode active material layer contains a layer of lithium or lithium alloy, in a form of a foil, coating, or multiple particles aggregated together, as an anode active material.

Abstract: A battery monitoring module includes a printed circuit board including a first signal line, a second signal line, and a conductive pad, the conductive pad being configured to be connected to an electrode of a cell; an integrated circuit on the printed circuit board, the integrated circuit to measure a cell voltage at the cell and control cell balancing; a measuring interface on the printed circuit board and connected between the conductive pad and the integrated circuit, and providing a voltage measuring path; and a balancing circuit on the printed circuit board and connected between the conductive pad and the integrated circuit, the balancing circuit providing a discharge path for the cell. The first signal line may electrically connect the conductive pad to the measuring interface, and the second signal line may be physically separated from the first signal line, and electrically connect the conductive pad to the balancing circuit.

Abstract: Provided is an energy storage apparatus capable of appropriately controlling use of a silicon material in normal times and achieving long life, and a method of using the energy storage apparatus. One aspect of the present invention is an energy storage apparatus that includes an energy storage device and a measuring section for measuring an internal pressure change rate of the energy storage device, the energy storage device having a negative electrode that contains a carbon material and a silicon material. Another aspect of the present invention is a method of using the energy storage apparatus that includes performing discharge while the internal pressure change rate of the energy storage device is measured.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide a battery pack including a pack body and a plurality of terminals. The pack body has first and second main surfaces that are opposed to each other in a first axis direction, first and second end surfaces that are opposed to each other in a second axis direction orthogonal to the first axis direction, and first and second side surfaces that are opposed to each other in a third axis direction orthogonal to the first axis direction and the second axis direction. The plurality of terminals includes a positive terminal, a negative terminal, a temperature detection terminal, and a control terminal that are arranged on the first end surface along the third axis direction. The negative terminal is arranged between the temperature detection terminal and the control terminal and closer to the control terminal than the temperature detection terminal.

Abstract: A battery pack supplies an electrically driven treatment apparatus with an electric driving power and includes: a first stack limiting structure and a second stack limiting structure, wherein the second stack limiting structure is disposed opposite and with a fixed distance to the first stack limiting structure; a plurality of pouch cells, wherein the pouch cells are disposed in a stack, wherein the stack is disposed between the first stack limiting structure and the second stack limiting structure and a height of the stack in a stack direction is limited by the first stack limiting structure and the second stack limiting structure; and a sensor arrangement. The sensor arrangement is disposed in the stack. The sensor arrangement extends across a major part of a surface of the pouch cells and is configured such that the height of the stack across the extension is approximately equal. The sensor arrangement has a pressure sensor.

Abstract: A battery pack includes: a plurality of battery cells; a battery management system to acquire state information and control charge-discharge operations; a wiring board through which the state information is transmitted to the battery management system, the wiring board including conductive lines for transmitting different electrical signals; and a connector including a connector terminal coupled to the conductive lines and a connector housing accommodating the connector terminal, the connector being coupled to a mating connector of the battery management system, wherein the connector terminal includes a bottom plate accommodating the conductive lines, and barrels protruding upward from the bottom plate and configured to be compressed onto the conductive lines while surrounding the conductive lines, and first and second embossments on the bottom plate and the barrels of the connector terminal, the first and second embossments protruding toward the conductive lines.

Abstract: Systems and techniques for measuring process characteristics including electrolyte distribution in a battery cell. A non-destructive method for analyzing a battery cell includes determining acoustic features at two or more locations of the battery cell, the acoustic features based on one or more of acoustic signals travelling through at least one or more portions of the battery cell during one or more points in time or responses to the acoustic signals obtained during one or more points in time, wherein the one or more points in time correspond to one or more stages of electrolyte distribution in the battery cell. One or more characteristics of the battery cell are determined based on the acoustic features at the two or more locations of the battery cell.

Abstract: The present invention states a method of producing new cathode materials for lithium ion batteries by recycling metals from depleted lithium-ion batteries using green reagents, and a method of deriving green reagents from agricultural products. The green reagents are used to replace corrosive acids that are used in the recycling process of depleted lithium-ion batteries. Metal ions, such as nickel, cobalt, manganese, and lithium are recovered as precipitates from the depleted lithium-ion batteries which can further be sintered to produce lithium-containing transition metal oxides that can be used as new cathode material for lithium-ion batteries.

Abstract: A power storage device includes at least one power storage cell, a heater that increases a temperature of the power storage cell, a pressing member that presses the heater against the power storage cell, and a sensor provided in the heater. The heater includes a base material and a heater wire provided on the base material. The base material includes a lead portion drawn from between the pressing member and the power storage cell. The heater wire includes a heater lead wire formed on the lead portion. The sensor is provided on the heater lead wire.

Abstract: A system for controlling external thermal loads on at least one battery for a vehicle includes a battery enclosure configured to support the at least one battery external to the vehicle. The enclosure includes a thermally-reactive portion.

Abstract: A battery cell thermal conditioning system for a vehicle includes a battery pack having multiple battery cells. Multiple foam layers are individually positioned between first successive ones of the battery cells. A first carbon nanotube sheet is positioned in direct contact with one of the battery cells on a first side of the foam layers and a second carbon nanotube sheet is positioned in direct contact with a different one of the battery cells on a second side of the foam layers. A cooling plate is positioned between second successive ones of the battery cells. A controller directs current flow to the first carbon nanotube sheet and the second carbon nanotube sheet when a temperature of the one of the battery cells contacted by the carbon nanotube sheet drops below a predetermined threshold temperature.

Abstract: A battery pack includes first and second battery modules arranged in a first direction. In the first battery module, a first heat transfer part and a first heat insulator are disposed between battery cells adjacent in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction. In the second battery module, a second heat transfer part and a second heat insulator are disposed between battery cells adjacent in the second direction. The first heat transfer part constitutes a part of a heat transfer component that is put across and connected to both the first and the second battery modules. The first heat transfer part is connected to one of the battery cells in the first battery module so as to enable heat transfer. The second heat transfer part constitutes another part of the heat transfer component and is connected to one of the battery cells in the second battery module.

Abstract: A battery pack includes: a first secondary battery cell and a second secondary battery cell each having a cylindrical shape and connected in series and/or in parallel with each other; a housing case; and a longitudinal partition plate having a thermal insulation property, and disposed at an interface between the first secondary battery cell and the second secondary battery cell housed in the internal space of the housing case. The longitudinal partition plate constitutes a first thermal insulator that projects from a side facing the side surface of the cylindrical shape of the first secondary battery cell, and constitutes a second thermal insulator that projects from a side facing the side surface of the cylindrical shape of the second secondary battery cell.

Abstract: A thermal management battery packaging material includes a phase-change layer including a phase-change composition, wherein the phase-change composition comprises a combination of a phase-change material and a polymer; and a battery packaging layer disposed on a side of the phase-change layer.

Abstract: A battery cell module includes a housing having a stack of a plurality of battery cells. The stack includes a plurality of battery cells sequentially stacked within the housing. Each of the battery cells has first and second opposed faces. The stack further includes a plurality of heat sink plates sequentially interleaved between the plurality of battery cells. Each of the plurality of heat sink plates has a body extending in a first plane surrounded by an outer edge. The body has a plurality of mounting tabs arranged to support a respective battery cell in the sequential stack within the housing such that the plurality of battery cells are maintained in alignment within the housing. A method includes sequentially interleaving battery cells and heat sink plates within a housing, where mounting tabs in the heart sink plates maintain the battery cells in alignment within the housing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a secondary cell in the form of a hybrid system of a zinc-air battery and a silver oxide-zinc battery, comprising an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte. The anode contains zinc (Zn) and/or zinc oxide (ZnO2), and the cathode is configured as a gas diffusion electrode which contains a mixture of silver (Ag) and/or silver oxide (Ag2O/AgO) with a catalyst for the electrochemical oxygen evolution, wherein the catalyst is selected from cobalt oxide Co3O4), manganese oxide (Mn3O4 or MnO2), cobalt-nickel oxide (CoNiO2), lanthanum-calcium-cobalt oxide (LaxCa1-xCoO3), ruthenium oxide (RuO2), iridium oxide (IrO2), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), and mixtures thereof. The invention further relates to an accumulator which comprises one or a plurality of secondary cells, as well as a method for charging and a method for discharging a secondary cell or an accumulator.

Abstract: Electrochemical metal-air cells having nested electrodes provided in an annular or cylindrical configuration, including systems that contain such cells in a sealed container. Each cell may include an oxidant electrode (air cathode) and a fuel electrode (anode), both configured in annular form. A series of permeable bodies, screens, or current collectors may be provided as part of the fuel electrode. An annular oxygen evolution electrode may also be provided in the cells. In some cases, the fuel electrode is nested within the oxidant electrode, or vice versa. Optionally, a second oxidant electrode may be included in the cells. Ionically conductive medium or electrolyte may be contained in the cell. Each cell may have its own cell housing. Optionally, an air space or pocket may be formed in a cell via an oxidant electrode. The sealed container may contain the cells such that they are surrounded by air or an electrolyte.

Abstract: A radio frequency filter includes a first conductive pattern; a second conductive pattern connected to a first point of the first conductive pattern and extended; a third conductive pattern connected to a second point of the first conductive pattern and extended to surround a portion of the second conductive pattern; a fourth conductive pattern; a fifth conductive pattern connected to a third point of the fourth conductive pattern and extended; and a sixth conductive pattern connected to a fourth point of the fourth conductive pattern and extended to surround a portion of the fifth conductive pattern. The first conductive pattern extends toward the fourth conductive pattern and the fourth conductive pattern extends toward the first conductive pattern. A distance between the first conductive pattern and the fourth conductive pattern is greater than or equal to a distance between the third conductive pattern and the sixth conductive pattern.

Abstract: An on-chip microwave filter circuit includes a substrate formed of a first material that exhibits at least a threshold level of thermal conductivity, wherein the threshold level of thermal conductivity is achieved at a cryogenic temperature range in which a quantum computing circuit operates. The filter circuit further includes a dispersive component configured to filter a plurality of frequencies in an input signal, the dispersive component including a first transmission line disposed on the substrate, the first transmission line being formed of a second material that exhibits at least a second threshold level of thermal conductivity, where the second threshold level of thermal conductivity is achieved at a cryogenic temperature range in which a quantum computing circuit operates. The dispersive component further includes a second transmission line disposed on the substrate, the second transmission line being formed of the second material.

Abstract: A microwave or radio frequency (RF) device includes a substrate including an electrically insulating material. The substrate has a first surface and a second surface parallel to the first surface. The device further includes a RF component disposed over the first surface of the substrate. The device also includes a conductive layer disposed over the second surface of the substrate, the conductive layer forming a ground plane electrically insulated from the RF component. The device further includes a defected ground structure disposed on a surface of the substrate that is coplanar with the first surface, where the defected ground structure is electrically connected to the conductive layer, and where the defected ground structure includes a plurality of laterally extending members adjacent to the RF component and extending laterally in relation to the RF component.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a substrate integrated waveguide for a millimeter wave signal is disclosed. In the method, a gold layer is disposed on a top surface of the silicon substrate using a lift-off process. Next, two parallel rows of substantially equal spaced vias are formed in the silicon substrate using a through-silicon-via etching process. Then, a copper layer is disposed on the bottom side of the silicon substrate and on interior surfaces of each via. The separation between the copper layer and the gold layer define a height of the substrate integrated waveguide, while the separation between the two parallel rows of substantially equal spaced vias define a width of the substrate integrated waveguide. In some implementations the length of the substrate defines a length of the substrate integrated waveguide, and the length, width, and height define a resonator that is resonant at a millimeter wave frequency.

Abstract: Disclosed is a production process for slotting an outer conductor of a leaky cable, through which an integrated production line incorporating a metal strap slotting production line, a metal strap longitudinal coating production line and a sheathing production line is provided. A semi-finished product from a leaky cable insulation process is subsequently processed by laser in a numerical control laser cutting device for cutting out corresponding slot holes in a metal strap to produce a slotted outer conductor. Then the slotted metal strap is embossed, and directly coated on an insulator in a longitudinal coating forming mould of the outer conductor. The final sheathing process is completed in a sheath plastic extruding machine to produce a finished leaky cable product. The processes of the outer conductor of the leaky cable, including the raw material punching, the longitudinal coating forming, and the outer sheathing, are finished at one time.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods and apparatus for forming thin-form-factor reconstituted substrates and semiconductor device packages for radio frequency applications. The substrate and package structures described herein may be utilized in high-density 2D and 3D integrated devices for 4G, 5G, 6G, and other wireless network systems. In one embodiment, a silicon substrate is structured by laser ablation to include cavities for placement of semiconductor dies and vias for deposition of conductive interconnections. Additionally, one or more cavities are structured to be filled or occupied with a flowable dielectric material. Integration of one or more radio frequency components adjacent the dielectric-filled cavities enables improved performance of the radio frequency elements with reduced signal loss caused by the silicon substrate.

Abstract: An electronic device having multiple antennas and an antenna configuration method are provided. The antenna configuration method includes: controlling a communication module of an electronic device to electrically connect to a main antenna of the electronic device; determining whether an operating state of the electronic device conforms to a preset usage situation; and controlling the communication module to electrically connect to an auxiliary antenna of the electronic device when the operating state conforms to the preset usage situation, so that the communication module transmits and receives the radio frequency signal by the auxiliary antenna.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a housing and an antenna structure. The housing includes a front plate, a rear plate, and a lateral member surrounding a space between the front and rear plates. The antenna structure is disposed in the space includes a printed circuit board (PCB) disposed in the space and includes a ground layer at least in part. The antenna structure further includes at least one conductive patch disposed on the PCB in a second direction and configured to transmit and/or receive first and second signals having a frequency between about 3 GHz and about 100 GHz. The conductive patch includes a first feeder and a second feeder. The first feeder is disposed on a first virtual line passing through a center of the conductive patch and forming a first angle with respect to a virtual axis passing through the center and perpendicular to the second direction, and configured to transmit and/or receive the first signal having a first polarization.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electronic device including a housing, a printed circuit board (PCB) in the housing, wherein the PCB includes a plurality of layers with one or more conductive and insulation layers, a first electrical component formed as at least a part of or in the housing, a second electrical component above or near the PCB in the housing, wherein the first and second electrical components are separated, and at least one electrical path extending from the first electrical component to the second electrical component, wherein at least a portion of the electrical path runs on or inside the PCB, wherein the PCB includes a region including a pattern of conductive vias, wherein each of the vias extends through at least part of the plurality of layers to contact at least one of the one or more conductive layers, and wherein the electrical path runs through the region without contacting the vias.

Abstract: A wireless communication device comprises: a substrate; an antenna circuit installed on the substrate; a communication circuit installed on the substrate electrically connected to the antenna circuit; and an energy supply unit installed on the substrate that supplies energy to the communication circuit, wherein the energy supply unit are installed on the substrate outside of a region defined around the antenna circuit; and the substrate is provided with a hole portion within the region, the hole portion passing through the substrate.

Abstract: A wireless communication device comprising: a case having a substantially cylindrical shape and including a first opening at a front surface and a second opening at a back surface, respectively; a first cover member that blocks at least a portion of the first opening; a second cover member that blocks at least a portion of the second opening; an insulating member that fills a gap between the first cover member and the case; a display; a substrate housed by the case; an antenna circuit installed on the substrate; and a communication circuit installed on the substrate and electrically connected to the antenna circuit, wherein the case includes a metal material; and the first cover member includes a light-transmitting material that allows light from the display to pass through.

Abstract: A radiator assembly for a base station antenna has a central axis and two dipoles arranged in a crossed manner, where each of the dipoles includes two dipole arms, and each of the dipole arms have a radiating surface which has an outer contour. The radiator assembly comprises an electrically conductive annular element that mounted above the radiating surfaces. The annular element is configured to be closed circumferentially and has an inner contour which is compliant to an outer contour line of the combination of all four radiating surfaces.

Abstract: Base station antennas include a remote electronic tilt (“RET”) actuator, a phase shifter and a mechanical linkage that extends between the RET actuator and the phase shifter. The mechanical linkage includes at least one guide tube and a monolithic flexible drive shaft that extends through the at least one elongate guide member. The monolithic flexible drive shaft includes at least one bend that is greater than twenty degrees.

Abstract: A patch antenna intended to equip a spacecraft, the antenna comprising a dielectric substrate, a radiating antenna element present on the dielectric substrate, the radiating antenna element having a center of symmetry and an area devoid of material, the center of symmetry being present in the area devoid of material, and a protective layer covering the radiating antenna element.

Abstract: An antenna includes an antenna substrate comprising a first end and a second end, and an antenna element attached to the antenna substrate. The antenna element is configured to receive communication signals within a partial hemispherical-shaped signal reception region oriented about the first end of the antenna substrate. A signal gain reduction portion is at least partially located between the antenna element and the second end of the antenna substrate, and is configured to reduce signal gain in an opposite partial hemispherical-shaped region oriented about the second end of the antenna substrate.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a housing including a front plate, a rear plate facing away from the front plate, and a side member attached to the front plate or integrated with the rear plate, and surrounding a space between the front and rear plates, an antenna device disposed inside the housing and including stacked first to fourth layers, and a wireless communication circuit electrically coupled to the antenna element. The first layer includes a ground, the second layer includes at least one antenna element and a dielectric adjacent to the at least one antenna element, the third layer includes a first area with a first periodic structure of first conductive cells and a second area at least partially surrounded by the first area, and the fourth layer includes a third area with a second periodic structure of second conductive cells and a fourth area at least partially surrounded by the third area.

Abstract: A system for a vehicle comprises a body component of the vehicle that is formed of a microcellular foam and optionally having one or more decorative layers applied thereto and a radar device arranged behind the body component and configured to transmit/receive radar waves therethrough. A method of manufacturing a body component of a vehicle comprises obtaining a molten resin, introducing a gas or a chemical foaming agent into the molten resin to form a microcellular foam, injecting molding the microcellular foam by injecting the microcellular foam into a mold to form the body component, removing the body component from the mold, optionally applying one or more decorative layers to the body component, and arranging the body component in front of a radar device of the vehicle.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes an outer housing that comprises a first surface facing a first direction, a second surface facing a second direction opposite to the first direction, and a side surface surrounding a space between the first surface and the second surface, a display adapted to expose at least a portion of the display through the first surface of the outer housing, a PCB arranged between the second surface and the display in an interior of the outer housing, a communication circuit arranged on or over the PCB, a first conductive structure formed of at least one of the first surface or at least a portion of the side surface is electrically connected to the communication circuit, and a second conductive structure formed of the portion of the display electrically connected to the first conductive structure.

Abstract: A communications device provides variable ground plane tuning compensation. The communications device includes a radiofrequency antenna configured to generate an electromagnetic field, a ground plane assembly electrically coupled to the radiofrequency antenna, and a variable impedance compensation network electrically connected to the ground plane assembly. The ground plane assembly is configurable between a first physical configuration and a second physical configuration. Each physical configuration presents a different ground plane assembly impedance to the electromagnetic field of the radiofrequency antenna. The variable impedance compensation network provides a compensation impedance for each physical configuration of the ground plane assembly.