Abstract: Liquid filter assemblies including an upper sample reservoir, a sample filter and a lower storage bottle are supported by a vacuum base. The base has a vacuum inlet port and, for connection to the liquid filter assembly, a vacuum outlet port. A vacuum is provided through the base to below the sample filter to draw sample liquid through the sample filter into the storage bottle. The base may include an auxiliary vacuum outlet port for connection with additional devices. The bases may be connected from one to another through auxiliary vacuum outlets and the vacuum inlets to make a chain of liquid filter assemblies supplied from one vacuum source. Alternatively, one base may include multiple vacuum outlet ports so that it may support and supply vacuum to a plurality of liquid filter assemblies.

Abstract: A filtration unit that includes a casing that has a closed bottom and is immersed in a water storage tank (or water storage pond) into which raw water is introduced, the casing being composed of a introduction port which introduces the raw water in the water storage tank into the casing, an active carbon supply device which adds active carbon to the introduced raw water, an agitator which agitates the raw water inside the casing to which active carbon has been added, a filtration module which filters the raw water, a back flow preventing device which prevents the raw water inside the casing from flowing back into the introduction port and being discharged into the water storage tank, and a discharging device which discharges the raw water from the casing.

Abstract: The invention relates to an assembly with a filter housing and at least one filter cartridge. The at least one filter cartridge is tubular, has a tube wall provided with a filter and comprises a central discharge channel with a discharge connection for discharge of filtered medium. The tube wall has a filter through which the medium to be filtered is able to flow transversely to the tube wall. The filter housing has a filter chamber, surrounded by a side wall, in which the at least one filter cartridge is accommodated with the longitudinal direction parallel to the side wall. The invention furthermore is directed to a filter cartridge intended for such an assembly.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for filtering fluid, preferably effluent fluid in a septic system, by providing a staged, filtering array in an effluent flow path, the stages positioned in an orientation designed to maximize filtering capability in conjunction with predetermined aperture positions and dimensions.

Abstract: A filtration system for metalworking fluids has panel filter elements arranged in cells in which the filter frames and panels are approximately parallel to one another. The filter frames are disposed such that the filter surfaces are oriented at an acute angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the drag-out tank within which they are installed. The filter elements are constructed by affixing a microscreen filter to a wire mesh support structure. The wire mesh structure provides as much support as the perforated plates of the prior art, while featuring significant gains in effective filter area when compared with perforated plate constructions.

Abstract: A combined filter apparatus includes a first filter element, a second filter element disposed in stacking arrangement to the first filter element, a housing enclosing the filter elements, a seal sealing the dirty side of the first filter element from the dirty side of the second filter element, a first inlet disposed in the housing for fluid flow to the first filter element, a second inlet disposed in the housing for fluid flow to the second filter element, and an outlet disposed in the housing for fluid flow from at least one of the filter elements.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of treating lime mud slurry being generated in a causticizing process in a pulp mill in a disc filter, in which method the lime mud is fed in the filter, thickened on the filter discs and removed from the filter discs. The lime mud is treated in at least two stages in one and the same disc filter in such a way that the lime mud slurry entering the filter is fed onto only a part of the filter discs, on which lime mud is thickened and removed from the discs, and the removed lime mud is re-slurried in liquid, and the lime mud slurry thus obtained is fed onto a second part of the filter discs, on which lime mud is thickened and removed from the filter and led into a subsequent process stage. The invention also relates to an apparatus.

Abstract: The invention concerns a filter for liquids loaded with solid particles, comprising a vessel (52) provided with an inlet for the liquid to be filtered, an outlet for the filtrate emerging into a manifold and a discharge orifice for the sludge of solid particles and wherein is enclosed a plurality of filtering elements (10), each filtering element shaped like an elongated pocket (16) of fabric (12) of filtering media having an upper opening (10) in communication with the outlet and mounted around frames (18) provided with longitudinal drainage channels (30) and suspended to support elements housed in said vessel and comprising a radial pipe (20) forming a manifold wherein emerges the opening of the filtering elements. The invention is characterized in that the upper edge of said pockets is provided with a hem (17) receiving a stiffening element (19) and urged to be tightly fixed in a peripheral catching element (21) integral with said support elements.

Abstract: Disclosed is a droplet separator system which is disposed in or on a flow duct and is used for separating liquid and/or solid particles from the medium flowing in the flow duct. The system comprises a frame with a base plate, a cover plate, and a trough that is located at the bottom end of the frame and is used for collecting and discharging liquids/solids, a cap area and a lateral area. A plurality of profiled droplet separators (3) is retained by the frame. The frame is provided with at least one device for deflecting and/or increasing the resistance and/or reducing the rate of the flow, the device being arranged in and/or adjacent to the trough area, cap area and/or lateral area of the frame. This allows entrainments or leakage flows to be largely eliminated.

Abstract: A filtering apparatus having two distinct filter media for filtering circulating fluid in a circulation system. A portion of the fluid entering the filter passes through a first filter media, while a reduced portion of the fluid entering the filter passes through a second filter media. The second filter media accumulates contaminants and suspended particles from the circulating fluid. The filter media is capable of including at least one additive for treating the circulating fluid. Due to the reduced volumetric fluid flow through the second filter media, the additive can be slowly administered to the circulating fluid over a long period of time. The two filter media may be housed in a dual-canister, where the second filter media may be removed and replaced without removing the first filter media.

Abstract: A water purifier includes a base, an outer casing mounted on the base, a fresh water conduit demountably mounted in the outer casing, a plurality of filtering units demountably mounted on the fresh water conduit and a cover demountably mounted on the outer casing. Each filtering unit includes a membrane bag and multiple supporting members. The membrane bags are sandwiched by the supporting members and are arranged in a cascading manner. Gaps are formed between each pair of adjacent membrane bags so that the filtering bags can be cleaned directly.

Abstract: An apparatus removes liquid from a liquid and solids mixture. The apparatus may include a bowl-shaped, rigid container having an upper portion, a lower portion, and a sidewall forming a chamber for receiving the liquid and solids mixture. The container includes a plurality of conduits extending radially outwardly along an inner portion of the sidewall. A filter separates the conduits from the liquid solids mixture in the chamber. Means is also provided for reducing pressure in the chamber, which causes at least liquid to be drawn from the mixture through the filter and conduits. Related systems and methods may be follow from use of the apparatus.

Abstract: A multi-well filtration device for filtering a suspension comprises a filtration plate with a filtration chamber and a collecting plate with a collecting well. The filtration chamber is connected to the collecting well and a filter element is arranged between the filtration chamber and the collecting well. A separation layer is arranged between the filtration plate and the collecting plate adjacent to the filter element. The use such of a separation layer allows an easy detachment of the filtration plate from the collecting plate. The detached filtration plate can comfortably be transferred into an analysis device, in which the solid phase of the filtration chamber can separately be analyzed through the separation layer, without any replacement of the solid phase.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for a compact dual transmission filter design is provided. More precisely, a single filter housing is adapted to accommodate a primary filter and an auxiliary filter in fluid communication with a primary pump and auxiliary pump, respectively. The single filter housing having two filters disposed therein is more compact than a conventional design incorporating a separate filter housing for each filter.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the present invention provide a modular fluid treatment assembly and method in which modules of the system each have a head that can be connected to one or more heads (of one or more other modules) in different configurations. In some embodiments, the relationship between a cartridge of the module and its corresponding head prevents fluid from entering between the cartridge and an external shell of the module. Also, some embodiments provide a module having a head with substantially concentric inlet and outlet ports in fluid communication with a cartridge coupled to the head.

Abstract: A fluid treatment method includes the steps of forming a ring lamination by laminating a plurality of filtering rings with contact surfaces facing each other in a laminating direction; providing at least portions of the filtering rings with a contact surface roughness (Ra) in a range of about 0.01 ?m to 20 ?m; pressing the ring lamination under a contact surface pressure (p) within a range from 0 to 177 kg/cm2 in the laminating direction of the filtering rings to cause the contact surfaces to closely adhere to each other; directing an object fluid into gaps formed by contact surfaces of neighboring filtering rings of the ring lamination; and dividing the object fluid into a first separated fraction and a second separated fraction for separation. An apparatus for carrying out the method includes a ring lamination, a housing therefor, a ring press for acting on the ring lamination under a prescribed pressure, an object fluid source, and a pressure source for impressing a prescribed pressure on the object fluid.

Abstract: A strainer wall (1) to screen off a suction space (3) and a suction duct (5) connected to it in an emergency cooling system of a nuclear power plant includes at least one strainer wall element (2) which has an inlet side (12) and an outflow side (13), wherein the inlet side is essentially oriented perpendicular. The strainer wall element (2) is built up from a plurality of modular cassette units (11), which respectively contain a plurality of screen elements (17.1?–17.nm) open towards the inlet side (12) and connected to the outflow side (13).

Abstract: In a filtration device (1) comprising a pressure-resistant housing (2) with a liquid inlet opening (3) and an outlet opening (4) for filtered matter, into which a collecting channel (12) terminates, at least one filter element (8–11) designed as flat membrane is connected to the collecting channel (12) in a pressure-tight manner. This device provides a high liquid throughput at the same time having a compact construction.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for generating sterile infusion fluid from non-sterile infusion fluid produced by a machine. In one embodiment, the sterile infusion fluid is produced by a sterile fluid generating device that is an ancillary device designed to operate in conjunction with the existing machine. For example, the sterile fluid generating device is used in conjunction with a dialysis machine according to one embodiment resulting in sterile infusion fluid being produced.

Abstract: A combination depth and phase separation membrane filter to remove entrained liquids and immiscible liquids from hydrocarbon liquids, protecting industrial analyzers from liquid and solid contamination, etc. The preferred embodiment of the present invention contemplates a combined phase separation membrane filter and horizontally mounted depth filter in a horizontally mounted head and bowl configuration. The system is configured specifically for horizontal mounting, specifically filter configuration and layout, with all fitting connections in the head for ease of service and compactness.

Abstract: An apparatus for filtering water dispensed from an appliance (e.g. a refrigerator) includes a low-profile filter cartridge (or a bank of filter cartridges) releasably connected to a manifold assembly. The manifold assembly is in communication with the water inlet of appliance and routs the filtered water to points of use. A water usage sensor in the manifold monitors the filter cartridge life and alerts the user when it is time to replace the filter. A latching mechanism includes a latching member 200 on the cartridge and a linearly moveable actuator 174 for releaseably securing the filter cartridge to the manifold assembly. A flow control valve ensures that the water circuit remains closed when the filter cartridge is removed from the manifold.

Abstract: The present invention is for processing fluids, especially waste streams from nuclear power plants, and other fluid media that may be carrying valuable or useful substances, in order to collect the substances. The system uses sequential filtering and multiple passes to concentrate the substances, which allows the system to collect virtually all of the substances of interest to the user while reducing the volume of both the unwanted materials as well as the desired materials desired without affecting the purity of the fluid after processing. Additionally, the collected substances can be processed in-place, and without requiring any thermal processing prior to disposal of unwanted substances, or for the recovery and/or reuse of valuable substances.

Abstract: A device is disclosed for receiving and separating chips and coolant collecting on machine tools, the coolant being returned for reuse and the chips being removed, having a receiving tank (1) to receive the chips and the coolant, a rising guide section (3) adjoining the receiving tank (1), an elevated discharge section (4) adjoining the guide section (3), a chain-like closed transport element, which, at least in the region receiving the chips and the coolant and in the discharge section (4), is guided over deflection elements (6, 7), at least one of which is coupled to a rotary drive, and a rotatably mounted filter drum (12), which is in drive connection with the transport element. A suggestion is made for preventing unfiltered coolant from penetrating the tanks for filtered coolant in the event the receiving tank overflows.

Abstract: The diesel purifier produces a fuel of high purity that meets the full ignition requirements at the combustion chamber of the engine. The purifier comprises a purification chamber encapsulated by an external body of the unit wherein, the purification chamber has a barrier with conical and cylindrical parts surrounded by a filter, such that fuel flows from the unit inlet through a pipe to the conical part, further wherein the upper part of the unit has a relief valve, the lower part has a heating element, and a water sensor connectable to sound and light indicators at a cabin dash board, and at the bottom there is a drain valve and filter, which is secured at the outlet of the unit. The above purification process depends on causing of some differences in the density of contaminants which contributes towards the settling of heavy impurities and the light contaminants are separated by a wire filter assembly.

Abstract: A method is made available for conducting an integrity test of filter elements (3), in particular of sterile filters. The integrity test involves direct measurement, at constant pressure, of a liquid flow on the inflow side of the filter element (3) to be tested. The test method is practically independent of changing environmental conditions, provides a result which is not distorted by a change of pressure on the inflow side of the filter element, and permits a very short measurement time.

Abstract: A variable compression disc filter housing secures a circumferentially welded composite layer of filter disc material for filtering a small amount of liquid for determining the optimum filter media material for specific production applications.

Abstract: Filter cartridge assemblies and housings are provided and include a tubular housing having an inner wall, an outer wall, a first end, and a second end. The housings include inner walls with shoulders or other radially-inwardly extending flow directors at the intersections of adjacent sections of the tubular body. The assemblies include a plurality of filter media sections within the housing, and each of the plurality of filter media sections preferably has a different filter media composition. One or more of the filter media sections traverses one or more of the shoulders or other radially-inwardly extending flow directors such that the flow directors evenly direct the flow of fluid through the assembly. The assemblies find particular applicability in dialysis systems.

Abstract: A card or insert having a plurality of recesses for a sample preparation device, the card containing cast-in-place composite and/or non-filled structures which are useful as sorptive or reactive media or for size-based separations. Any particular card size or configuration can be used, and the inclusion of a large amount of adsorptive particles in polymer is achieved while still maintaining the membrane three dimensional structure. In a first preferred embodiment, the composite structures comprise particles entrapped within a porous polymeric substrate, and are cast in-place into a plurality of recesses in an insert for a multi-well sample preparation device, thereby providing an effective platform for high throughput micromass handling.

Abstract: A filter manifold is provided in a water purification system and includes at least one filter element for producing relatively purified water, wherein the filter manifold incorporates a shut-off valve designed to prevent filter element removal unless the shut-off valve is first switched to a closed position for turning off the incoming water supply. The shut-off valve includes an elongated actuator lever which in a normal open position engages and retains a manifold latch plate in a latched position retaining the filter elements in connected relation with flow couplers to produce purified water. Upon movement of the actuator lever to a closed position shutting off the incoming water supply, the manifold latch plate can be unlatched from the filter elements to permit filter element removal and replacement.

Abstract: A device, system, kit, and method are provided for filtering relatively large volumes of whole blood to recover purified RNA for analysis. The device can include: a filter including a body having an interior, a first filter connector in communication with the interior of the body, a ribonucleic acid-capturing (RNA-capturing) membrane disposed within the interior, and an optional filter frit disposed within the interior adjacent the RNA-capturing membrane. The system can include a vacuum adapter plate including a substrate having a first surface, a second surface, and one or more through-holes each extending at least from the first surface to the second surface. The first filter connector can connect to a respective through-hole to form a fluid communication between the filter and the vacuum adapter plate. The system can include a collection vessel in fluid communication with the filter.

Abstract: A system to remove mercury and mercury-containing particles from waste water prior to entrance into a municipal sewage system. In one form, the system includes a housing having an interior chamber with an inlet and outlet in fluid communication in the chamber, and a filter inside the chamber. The filter, in one embodiment, includes a course filter, an abatement filter, and an ion exchange filter. The chamber and filter may be formed in a removable cartridge mounted in the housing to facilitate safe handling and disposal thereof.

Abstract: An apparatus and methods are disclosed for purifying fluid, such as potable water, to quality levels suitable for medical application, particularly to applications involving injection of the fluid into a human body. The apparatus comprises a portable purification pack constructed for a single use. The pack houses depth filtration, activated carbon, mixed bed ion exchange resins and terminal filtration stages in series. The terminal filter comprises a fine (microfiltration or ultrafiltration), permeable membrane, treated with an endotoxin-binding chemistry. In contrast with semi-permeable osmotic membranes, the permeable membrane produces high flow rates at relatively low pressures, while still safely purifying fluid to injection quality.

Abstract: A laboratory device design particularly for a multiplate format that includes a plate or tray having a plurality of utilitarian discontinuities such as reaction chambers or wells, wherein at least two of the discontinuities have different functionalities. In a preferred embodiment, the device is a multiwell plate or tray that meets SBS dimensional standards guidelines and is therefore automation compatible. In one embodiment, the device is a multiwell plate or tray that has a modular design, wherein removable inserts with different functionalities can be placed in a base. The particular inserts chosen depend on the desired sample preparation or assay to be carried out.

Abstract: A filtering device incorporating nanoparticles that are known to be capable of destroying bacteria, fungi, viruses, or toxins. The nanoparticles are combined with a filter. The nanoparticles may be pellets adjacent to the filter, a powder of nanoparticles coating at least one side of a filter, or impregnated into a filter. Optionally, two or more filters are contained within an encasement having an inlet and an outlet. Preferably, at least one filter has an electrical charge that is the same as the electrical charge of at least one target particle. Also preferably, coating is accomplished by having a filter to be coated carry an electrical charge that is opposite to an electrical charge carried by the nanoparticles in the powder. Optionally, a filter can be either hydrophobic or hydrophilic.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating water contaminated with metal sulfates and sulfuric acid such as acid mine drainage (AMD) which in part recycles high pH effluent from later steps in the process back to the earlier steps of the process. The recycled high pH effluent added with magnesium hydroxide to the entering AMD generates precipitates separable from the stream to leave sulfate ladened water. A tangential filtering process is used to separate the sulfate ladened water into one stream of pure water and a second stream containing sulfate. One portion of the second stream is treated with ammonia to yield a cake of ammonia sulfate and aqueous ammonia. Ca(OH)2 is added to another portion of the second stream to produce calcium sulfate cake and the high pH effluent that is recycled back to the first step in the cycle.

Abstract: A filtering system comprising an inlet (11) for liquid to be filtered and an outlet (9) for filtered liquid, as well as filtering means, which system is characterized in that the filtering means, placed in series comprise: a first filter (2) comprising activated carbon with the capability to also remove particles that are larger than approximately 0.5 &mgr;m; an ultrafiltration membrane (5) for the removal of particles that are larger than approximately 0.02 &mgr;m; a post-treatment filter (14) of activated carbon, optionally provided with a microfiltration membrane (13), wherein the system also comprises a vessel (6) for filtered water located between the ultrafiltration membrane (5) and the post-treatment filter (14), with the option of using the filtered water from the vessel for back-flushing the ultrafiltration membrane (5).

Abstract: A filter cartridge assembly (10) comprising respective disposable elements (11) positioned either side of a three part reusable flow through spacer means (12), the spacer means (12) comprises three parts, opposed support sections (19 and 20) and an outer locator ring (21). The support sections (19 and 20) have filtrate flow through passages (22) and abutment flanges (23) which abut to provide radial flow through passages (24). Each of the supports (19 and 20) include circular ridges (25 and 26) at the inner and outer peripheral edges designed to push into the paper roll (16) while O-rings (27 and 28) provide seals between the supports (19 and 20) and the ring (21) and the outer body (13) of the respective elements (11).

Abstract: A filter cartridge (10), in this case comprising an injection moulded cylindrical plastics body (11) having spaced anti-tracking ribs (12) which are disposed unevenly along the inner surface (13) of the hollow body (11). First and second paper rolls as filter elements (14 and 15) have been pushed under compression into the hollow body (11) and are separated by spacer means (16) located centrally within the hollow body (11). Spacer means (16) is made from two separate spacers (18) which are generally made in the form of a spoked wheel type arrangement. Each spacer (18) comprises an outer ring (19) and an inner ring (20), the inner ring (20) has four apertures or recesses (21) on its top and offset by 45 degrees equally on its opposite side are four more equally spaced apertures (21) making a total of eight, the apertures provide flow through passages (21) through the inner ring (20), plastic connector portions (22) extend radially between the rings (19 and 20).

Abstract: The present disclosure utilizes a unique system for initially installing, removing and transporting cartridge disk stacks, the apparatus includes a center post member; a connecting member, operatively positioned relative to the center post member and operatively connected thereto; and a adapter member member, operatively connected to the center post member, for supporting at least one disk thereon when the center post is operatively connected to a housing base and for supporting at least one disk during the installation/removal of at least one disk from the housing base. Systems and methods for utilizing the apparatus are also disclosed.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for removing gas from a blood handling system. A filter apparatus for monitoring and removing gas is provided comprising of a gas removal/blood filter, a sensor to sense the presence of gas, and a valve operably coupled to the sensor to evacuate gas from the apparatus when the sensor detects an accumulation of gas. When used with a previously known blood handling system, the present filter apparatus facilitates priming and the addition of additional blood handling elements during operation of the blood handling system.

Abstract: A filter for filtering a fluid, such as lubricating oil for an engine, has a first element for trapping small particles and a second filter element for trapping sludge, the second filter element being stacked on the first filter element. A flow-deflecting element is disposed between the first filter element and second filter element to provide a spinning motion to oil flowing from the second filter element as that oil joins oil which is passed through the first filter element. The spinning motion of the oil from the bypass filter element encourages mixing of the oil from the second filter element with the oil filtered by the first element. A centrifugal separator is disposed in an annular space between the filter elements and filter housing for imparting a rotary motion to the fluid prior to the fluid passing through the filter elements. This removes large particles from the fluid by centrifugal force so that large particles do not add to the contaminant load in the filter elements.

Abstract: The invention discloses a multifunctional water supply tank with pressure-stabilized water storage and quality-distinguished supply of service and potable water, which includes a service water storage room with a water inlet and a water outlet, a potable water storage room communicated with the service water storage room and containing purifying agents, a potable water outlet, and a water outlet communicated with a solar water heater, the present invention solves the problems of insufficient water pressure of tap water pipe network and the secondary water contamination during water supply by the pipe network, meanwhile it heats and preserves the temperature of the water supply tank cover and the water supply pipe walls, and separates pure water from service water, solar heated water, and purified potable water for separate metering and utilization.

Abstract: Ceramic filter elements (1, 15, 26) have a feed surface covered with a ceramic filter membrane (4, 19). As a feed liquid flows over the feed surface, a portion of the liquid passes through the membrane and the filter and is discharged through a discharge surface as a permeate liquid flow. Between the feed and discharge surfaces, the filter element includes an impermeable surface portion (8, 24, 30) which contacts a seal or gasket assembly (17, 29). The seal or gasket assembly includes two seal portions (9, 10) which define a channel (12, 22, 31) in between. The channel connects with a discharge channel (11, 23, 32). In this manner, any liquid leaking between the filter element and another filter element or a housing (21, 27) enters the discharge channel (11, 23, 32). Liquid in the discharge channel indicates a leak in the seal and potential contamination of the permeate liquid.

Abstract: The invention relates to a filter module comprising a number A of circular filter cell (1), a number A−1 of spacer rings (3), and two end rings (4), whereby the filter cells (1) and the rings (3, 4) are combined to form a stack while forming a central continuous channel (2) using tension elements (5) which are interspaced in the circumferential direction of the channel wall and which, on the inner side, engage on the end rings (4) in order to transmit axial tension forces. According to the invention, tensioning elements comprised of strips (5) with hook-shaped ends (6, 13, 14) are provided for securely combining the filter cell that are arranged in a stack. Said hook-shaped ends can be fixed in the end rings by effecting an essentially radial hooking-in or engaging movement, In addition, means (10, 11) are provided which prevent an unintentional radial hook-removal or disengaging movement of the hook-shaped ends (6, 13, 14).

Abstract: A variable compression disc filter housing secures a circumferentially welded composite layer of filter disc material for filtering a small amount of liquid for determining the optimum filter media material for specific production applications.

Abstract: A vehicle fuel filter for mounting to a fuel pump in a fuel tank comprises a tubular body having an axis, a first end and a second end opposite the first end; a pump connection neck positioned on the first end of the tubular body and having a filter outlet opening for mounting the filter on a fuel pump intake tube, the filter outlet opening having an axis at a substantially right angle to the axis of the tubular body; an inlet opening on the second end of the tubular body, the inlet opening extending axially in the direction of the axis of the tubular body; an envelope of filter fabric surrounding the inlet opening such that fuel entering into the envelope can pass into the tubular body through the inlet opening; and a supporting body fixedly connected to the tubular body at the second end and at a predetermined angle to the tubular body, at least a portion of the supporting body preventing the filter envelope from collapsing.

Abstract: A separation device, such as a filter or separation line apparatus, and method of making the same.

Abstract: The Modular Aquaculture Filtration System (“MAFS”) employs small modular filtration units which may be linked together to form larger filters of a particular type or combined to form filtration systems with various types of filters. In essence, two or more modular filtration units are interlocked together to form a single cell system for processing water from aquaculture tanks. The modular units are each comprised of a housing, which includes a means for rigidly attaching/interlocking one housing to another housing, and a one or more of several different types of filtration techniques. Thus, the modular filtration units act as the building blocks for constructing larger filters of a particular type, by interlocking several MAFS of the same type together, or for constructing filter systems that employ several different filtration techniques. The modular approach of the MAFS provides a level of flexibility heretofore unavailable for filtration systems in the aquaculture industry.

Abstract: An apparatus and methods are disclosed for purifying fluid, such as potable water, to quality levels suitable for medical application, particularly to applications involving injection of the fluid into a human body. The apparatus comprises a portable purification pack constructed for a single use. The pack houses depth filtration, activated carbon, mixed bed ion exchange resins and terminal filtration stages in series. The terminal filter comprises a fine (microfiltration or ultrafiltration), permeable membrane, treated with an endotoxin-binding chemistry. In contrast with semi-permeable osmotic membranes, the permeable membrane produces high flow rates at relatively low pressures, while still safely purifying fluid to injection quality.

Abstract: A laboratory device design particularly for a multiplate format that includes a tray having at least one well with a support associated with the well, and a removable undercover. The undercover protects the support or membrane from external contamination without causing excessive force on an individual well that can cause membrane flatness. The undercover is easily removable to provide access to the support or membrane. The undercover, when affixed to the underside of the multiwell plate or tray, allows the assembly to be transportable as a single unit while still being in compliance with SBS automation standards.