Abstract: An electrically heatable, transparent article and a method for fabricating such article are described. The article comprises an electrically conductive transparent coating and a transparent substrate. The coating is in contact with electrical bus bars and delimits a localized region, which contains a coating-free transparent region.

Abstract: A deicing method includes the steps of determining a necessary quantity of heat to substantially vaporize an interfacial layer between a solid surface and a layer of ice and applying pulsed heating at the interfacial layer. The pulsed heating is applied with the determined necessary quantity of heat to substantially vaporize the interfacial layer.

Abstract: An energy consumption controller may be communicatively coupled with a plurality of alternative energy sources and an engine. The controller may be configured to manage energy consumption from the alternative energy sources interconnected with the engine and to keep the engine within a desired temperature range. Within the desired temperature range, the engine will start and run at a full load more rapidly than if the engine cooled excessively. The controller may change the selected energy source as required, based on factors such as cost, engine maintenance and testing and/or imminent need of the engine.

Abstract: A portable work apparatus has a combustion engine for driving a work tool. An air/fuel mixture is supplied to the engine via a carburetor which is provided with an electrical heating element for heating to a given temperature. The heating element is connected to a switch via which electrical energy, which is provided by a generator driven by the engine, is supplied. When a given temperature is exceeded, the switch interrupts the energy supply. To achieve an exact temperature control, the ohmic resistance value of the heating element is stored in a memory in dependence on the temperature. The current flowing through the heating element and the voltage drop at the heating element are measured and the instantaneous resistance of the heating element is calculated therefrom. This calculated value is compared to the value stored in the memory to open or close the switch in dependence on the comparison.

Abstract: An apparatus for removing a needle from a needle holder, including a grasping unit for selectively grasping the needle; a receiving unit for receiving the needle holder, displaceably disposed relative to the grasping unit; a biasing member biasing the receiving unit in a first direction; and separating means for separating the entire needle from the needle holder. Preferably, the needle is heated to melt, soften, or otherwise weaken a material and/or adhesive connecting the needle with the needle holder. Preferably the heating is electrical heating, including completing an electrical circuit through the needle and passing current through the needle, and/or passing current through a heating element.

Abstract: A flexible heater and/or electrode comprises a woven textile material having a warp direction and a weft direction, said textile material comprising at least one region having a low electrical conductance and at least two regions having a high electrical conductance. The at least two regions of high electrical conductance are adjacent to said at least one region of low electrical conductance. At least one of said at least two regions of high electrical conductance is operatively connected to a connection terminal of said heater and/or electrode, said connection terminal for connecting said heater and/or electrode to an electronic control circuit.

Abstract: A device for removing unwanted hair includes a housing having a first end and a second end. The first end holds a depilatory product and has a cylindrical shape with a circular opening. A second end has a conical shape with a shaped opening. A plunger fits in the circular opening and mates with the cylindrical shape of the first end of the housing. The housing is made of a rigid polymer and is a microwave safe material. A method of removing unwanted hair includes the steps of heating a syringe containing a wax until the wax is in a liquid state. A tip of the syringe is placed next to an area of hair to be removed. The wax is applied to the area of hair. Then the wax is manually removed when in solid form or by applying fabric/paper strips.

Abstract: The present invention provides a heating device with cathode oxygen depletion (COD) function for a fuel cell vehicle, in which an existing COD and a heating device for improving cold startability of the fuel cell vehicle are integrated. For this purpose, the present invention provides a heating device with COD function for a fuel cell vehicle, the heating device including: a housing having an inlet and an outlet formed on both ends thereof; a start-up heater and a shut-down heater provided in parallel on one side of the housing in a direction perpendicular to a coolant flow direction; and a plurality of heaters for heating coolant provided in parallel on the other side of the housing in a direction perpendicular to the coolant flow direction, wherein cross sections in the coolant flow direction of each of the respective heaters change periodically along the longitudinal direction of the heater so as to cause a flow disturbance.

Abstract: An ergonomic armrest includes an outer surface layer formed of a pliable electrostatic discharge (ESD)-safe material. The ergonomic armrest also includes a first metal layer configured to structurally support the outer surface layer and transfer heat from a first edge of the ergonomic armrest proximate to a heat source to a second edge of the ergonomic armrest opposite the heat source. The ergonomic armrest further includes an insulating layer configured to reduce heat transfer from the heat source to the first metal layer.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are described that allow the investigation of process variables used in RTP systems to be varied in a combinatorial manner across a plurality of site-isolated regions designated in the surface of a substrate. The methods and apparatus allow process variables such as power, dwell time, light source, cooling gas composition, cooling gas flow rate, reactive gas composition, reactive gas flow rate, and substrate support temperature and the like to be investigated.

Abstract: Embodiments of substrate supports having a wire mesh plasma containment are provided herein. In some embodiments, a substrate support may include a plate comprising a first surface, an opposing second surface, a thickness bounded by the first and second surfaces, and a first perimetrical surface; a first heater element disposed between the first and second surfaces; a wire mesh disposed between the first and second surfaces; a ground connector mounted to a surface of the plate; at least one electrical connection between the wire mesh and the ground connector; and an elongate shaft comprising a first end and an opposite second end, wherein the plate second surface is mounted to the first end of the shaft.

Abstract: The invention can be a method for maintaining an operating temperature of a power plant during shut-down periods. The method can include, during shut-down of the power plant, generating heat with an electric heater in order to approximately maintain the operating temperature of the power plant. The method can use electric power to operate the electric heater, where at least some of the electric power is from an electricity grid external to the power plant. The method can continue to generate heat with the electric heater as long as at least one of the electrical prices and the demand for electricity indicate that it will be more efficient to use electric power from the electricity grid to generate heat with the electric heater than to more completely shut down or restart the power plant.

Abstract: The object is to provide a laser processing apparatus, a laser processing temperature measuring apparatus, a laser processing method, and a laser processing temperature measuring method which can highly accurately detect the processing temperature when carrying out processing such as welding with laser light. A laser processing apparatus 1A for processing members DR, UR to be processed by irradiating the members with laser light LB comprises a laser (semiconductor laser unit 20A) for generating the laser light LB; optical means for converging the laser light LB generated by the laser onto processing areas DA, UA; and a filter 30, disposed between the members DR, UR to be processed and the optical means, for blocking a wavelength of fluorescence generated by the optical means upon pumping with the laser light LB; wherein light having the wavelength blocked by the filter 30 is used for measuring a temperature of the processing areas DA, UA.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a textile digital band which is capable of providing a high-speed communication path with surrounding computing devices, through easy and convenient attachment thereof to a conventional garment, and a fabrication method thereof. For this purpose, disclosed herein is a textile digital band comprising a plurality of warps formed parallel to each other in the first direction, and a plurality of wefts formed parallel to each other in the second direction perpendicular to the first direction, wherein the warp includes at least one digital yarn through which electrical currents can flow.

Abstract: A heating method of a heating apparatus is provided. The heating apparatus includes a fuel cell, a power storage device, a heat-electricity conversion element, and a switching unit. The fuel cell is adapted for charging the power storage device. The power storage device is adapted for supplying electricity to the heat-electricity conversion element. The switching unit is adapted for switching the heating apparatus between a first mode and a second mode. The method includes a first heating process in which the fuel cell charges the power storage device and generates heat during a charging process, and a second heating process in which the power storage device supplies electricity to the heat-electricity conversion element and the heat-electricity conversion element generates heat. The first heating process and the second heating process are performed alternatively or simultaneously when the heating apparatus is switched to the first mode or the second mode, respectively.

Abstract: An apparatus for the generation of thermal energy comprises a reactor vessel containing a volume of pressurized hydrogen; a hydrogen-storing nickel alloy structure in the reactor vessel and configured to have an electric potential applied across it and to be heated to at least about 100 C; and a heat exchange conduit configured to carry a heat exchange medium past the nickel alloy structure so as to allow thermal energy generated in the nickel alloy structure to be transferred to the heat exchange medium. The hydrogen-storing nickel alloy structure comprises a nickel alloy skeletal catalyst mixed with an oxide. The applied electric potential, and the increase in the gas pressure and temperature of the hydrogen from the applied heat, create a reaction between hydrogen nuclei and nickel nuclei in the nickel alloy structure whereby thermal energy is generated by the emission of phonons from the nickel alloy structure.

Abstract: A pocket-size self-heating massage stone includes a first receptacle having a rim portion, an interior recess and being made of ceramic slip, porcelain or stoneware slip and a second receptacle having a rim portion, an interior recess and being made of ceramic slip, porcelain or stoneware slip. A heating element is arranged in the interior recess of the second receptacle and being positioned in direct contact to transmit heat directly to a surface of the second receptacle such that the heating element only directly heats the second receptacle and does not directly heat the first receptacle. A rechargeable battery is disposed within the massage stone. The first and second receptacles are connected to one another via only the rim portions and the interior recesses of the first and second receptacles are free of connectors which connect together the first and second receptacles.

Abstract: A radiant heating system includes a housing and a plurality of heating elements. The housing includes a top cover configured to cover and seal an upper surface of the housing and a coolant directing enclosure positioned on an upper interior surface of the top cover. The top cover includes a plurality of openings, an inlet configured to allow a coolant to enter into the housing and an outlet configured to allow the coolant to exit the housing. The plurality of heating elements are configured to be inserted into the plurality of openings of the top cover such that the plurality of heating elements project into the housing and contact a coolant. A diameter of the inlet is greater than a diameter of the outlet.

Abstract: Heating of hot melt adhesive in a hot melt dispensing system is provided by heaters distributed in a plurality of zones of the system. A controller receives input electric power and distributes that electric power to the heaters on a time sharing basis. The controller delivers power to the heaters as a function of the total current target, a temperature set point, the current draw of each of the heaters, and stored priority criteria such as heating priorities of the zones, a history of on and off periods for each heater, and distance from the temperature set point.

Abstract: In one or more embodiments, an intelligent communications device is disclosed. In one embodiment, an apparatus is disclosed for controlling the operations of temperature-sensitive electronic devices in an enclosure, based on a requisite temperature range. The apparatus includes a main circuit board with a plurality of secondary circuit board connectors that are operative to connect secondary circuit boards to the main circuit board. The apparatus also includes one or more temperature sensors that are operative to sense temperature within the enclosure, and one or more selectively actuatable heating elements that are mounted to the main circuit board in proximity to the plurality of secondary circuit board connectors. Each heating element is operative to emit heat when actuated.

Abstract: The electric cigarette lighter is a cigarette lighter that is dimensioned and configured to simulate a cigarette, thus allowing the cigarette lighter to be easily carried within a conventional pack of cigarettes. The electric cigarette lighter includes a cylindrical housing having opposed upper and lower ends, and an electric heating element mounted on the upper end thereof. At least one rechargeable battery is disposed within the cylindrical housing. The at least one rechargeable battery is in electrical communication with the electric heating element for selective operation thereof. A first indicator light is mounted on the sidewall of the cylindrical housing for visually indicating remaining charge of the at least one to rechargeable battery. A charging socket is mounted in the lower end of the cylindrical housing for electrical connection to an external battery charger. The charging socket is in electrical communication with the at least one rechargeable battery.

Abstract: A device for applying a composition may include an independent electrical energy source, at least one heater member that is powered by the independent electrical energy source and a circuit for controlling the power supply to the heater member. The circuit may be configured to power the heater member at least two power settings that differ at least as a function of the depletion state of the independent electrical energy source.

Abstract: A heating apparatus for electric blankets/carpets comprising: a heating element; an adhesive tape material integrally combined and wrapping the heating element; a metal conductor connected to two opposing ends of each of the heating element and the adhesive tape material in a series-parallel manner; and a lead connecting the metal conductor and a power source terminal, wherein a space is defined between the adjacent heating elements. The present invention provides a manufacturing method of a heating apparatus for electric blankets/carpets, comprising the steps of: (a) using a heating element; (b) causing an adhesive tape material to be integrally combined and to wrap the heating element therein; (c) causing a metal conductor to connect to two opposing ends of each of the heating element and the adhesive tape material in a series-parallel manner; and (d) causing a lead to connect the metal conductor and a power source terminal.

Abstract: The bottle warming device of the present invention includes a housing, a heating element disposed in the housing, and a basket receivable in the housing. The basket is movable between a first position in which a bottom of the basket is positioned a first distance from a top of the housing, and a second position in which the bottom of the basket is positioned a second distance from the top of the housing, the first distance being greater than the second distance.

Abstract: A handheld work apparatus has a drive motor which drives a work tool and a generator. The work apparatus has a first electrical load and a connectable second electrical load. The generator provides the electrical power for the simultaneous operation of the two loads. The work apparatus has a control unit for controlling the power supplied to the first electrical load. In order to supply approximately the same power independent of voltage fluctuations, a voltage monitoring circuit is provided which, in a first operating state, sets a first signal sequence for operating the first load and, in a second operating state, sets a different second signal sequence for operating the first load. The mean power of the first signal sequence and that of the other second signal sequence are approximately equal.

Abstract: An electrostatic chuck is formed using materials that are optically transparent to a range of frequencies, such as infrared radiation. The invention discloses several methods for achieving optical transparency. The chuck electrode can be formed having a mesh pattern designed with a specific open area percentage to provide adequate wafer clamping force while still allowing sufficient levels of infrared radiation to pass through. Alternatively, the chuck electrode can also be made from a transparent conductive film. A workpiece is disposed on one surface of the chuck, and a radiative heat source is positioned on the opposite side of the chuck. A reflector plate may be used to reflect the infrared radiation toward the chuck and the wafer. The spacing of the radiation sources and the shape of the reflector plate may be modified to focus more radiation on a particular portion of the workpiece if desired.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a tool arrangement and method to reduce warpage within a package-on-package semiconductor structure, while minimizing void formation within an electrically-insulating adhesive which couples the packages. A pressure generator and a variable frequency microwave source are coupled to a process chamber which encapsulates a package-on-package semiconductor structure. The package-on-package semiconductor structure is simultaneously heated by the variable frequency microwave source at variable frequency, variable temperature, and variable duration and exposed to an elevated pressure by the pressure generator. This combination for microwave heating and elevated pressure limits the amount of warpage introduced while preventing void formation within an electrically-insulating adhesive which couples the substrates of the package-on-package semiconductor structure.

Abstract: Disclosed is a heating system for a roll-to-roll tape deposition system. The heating system includes a sacrificial tape that is transported through a deposition zone between a susceptor plate and a process tape. The sacrificial tape receives an accumulation of deposition material that otherwise may accumulate on the susceptor plate and reduce its efficiency and temperature uniformity. In some embodiments, the sacrificial tape is heated by passage of an electrical current, thereby allowing the sacrificial tape to replace the susceptor plate and separate heating elements used to heat the process tape. The sacrificial tape may be provided on a payout roll that passes through the deposition system to a takeup roll or in the form of a continuous loop of tape.

Abstract: A heating device for testing integrated components is disclosed. In one embodiment, an inner casing is arranged in the heating device surrounding a holding chamber. The inner casing contains at least one recess in which an electrically conductive contact device is moveably arranged. This permits contact to be reliably made with a circuit to be tested. If the inner casing is of compact design, there is a very homogeneous temperature distribution in the heating device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a metallized textile surface having one or more articles needing or generating electric current. A formulation having at least one metal powder is applied as a component atop a textile surface patternedly or uniformly. At least one article needing or generating electric current is fixed in at least two locations where formulation was applied. A further metal is deposited on the textile surface.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for controlling the temperature of a substrate during processing are provided herein. In some embodiments, an apparatus for retaining and controlling substrate temperature may include a puck of dielectric material; an electrode disposed in the puck proximate a surface of the puck upon which a substrate is to be retained; and a plurality of heater elements disposed in the puck and arranged in concentric rings to provide independent temperature control zones.

Abstract: A system and method for ice protection of a component, wherein the system is adapted to be adhesively bonded to a surface of the component. The system includes a heating element layer, at least one thermally conductive adhesive layer that adhesively bonds a first side of the heating element layer to the component, an insulation layer, at least one thermally insulating adhesive layer that adhesively bonds a second side of the heating element to the insulation layer, an electrical bus bar adapted to provide a connection between a power supply and the heating element layer, and at least one temperature sensor.

Abstract: A method for automatically configuring an electronic toilet device includes detecting usage of the electronic toilet device throughout a first time period. The first time period is divided into a plurality of discrete time units. The method further includes recording a usage state for each of the plurality of time units in the first time period based on the detecting and using the recorded usage states to configure an operating schedule for the electronic toilet device for a next time period. The method further includes operating the electronic toilet device throughout the next time period according to the operating schedule while detecting and recording a usage state for each of the plurality of time units in the next time period and periodically configuring an operating schedule for each subsequent time period using the recorded usage states associated with a preceding time period.

Abstract: A nozzle housing assembly, which is used in a convection heating furnace for a heat treatable glass sheet. The nozzle housing assembly comprises an elongated enclosure, at least one elongated heating resistance in the enclosure for heating convection air, and orifices in a bottom surface of the enclosure for blasting heated convection air against the glass sheet. The enclosure is divided with a flow-throttling partition into a top supply duct and a bottom nozzle box, the heating resistances being housed in the latter. Flow-throttling openings present in the partition are positioned to comply with the location and shape of the heating resistances.

Abstract: Different advantageous embodiments provide an apparatus comprising one or more heating elements, a plurality of sensors, insulation, and a processor. The plurality of sensors includes at least a skin temperature sensor and an oven temperature sensor. The insulation is configured to thermally isolate the skin temperature sensor form the oven temperature sensor. The processor is configured to receive temperature data from the plurality of sensors and to control the one or more heating elements using the temperature data received.

Abstract: This invention discloses an electronic cigarette circuit, including an IC, an airflow sensor connected to the IC, a heating wire and a power supply VDD connected to the IC and the heat wire, the electronic cigarette circuit further including a switch device, the switch device being connected with the heating wire and the power supply VDD to form a circuit loop. The electronic cigarette circuit of the present invention adopts a switch device placed outside the IC, and the IC, the heating wire and the power supply form the circuit loop, so as to achieve high power output to the heating wire, and a large amount of smoke, with a simple circuit structure for ease mass production.

Abstract: Device for continuous heat-treatment of foods, equipped with a conduit made of a dielectric material in which a product to be treated flows, the conduit having at least a pair of electrodes located in the conduit which are subjected to a potential difference of at least 2000 Volts with a frequency of at least 25 Mhz, characterized in that a rotor made of dielectric material is located internally of the conduit, which rotor has a core from which a plurality of fins rises, which fins are distributed along a length of the rotor, are of a height such us to contact an internal surface of the conduit.

Abstract: A device for heating containers, in particular drums, for example containing liquid materials that undergo temperature-induced changes in viscosity. The device has a heat conducting base upon which a drum is adapted to be placed. In one embodiment, the device is provided with a plurality of interchangeable bases designed to be used with different liquids that are effective to heat a liquid to a desired temperature.

Abstract: Portable apparatus for identifying and mitigating defects in electronic devices disposed on substrates or windows are disclosed herein. Such defects can be visually perceived by the end user. The substrates or windows may include flat panel displays, photovoltaic windows, electrochromic devices, and the like, particularly electrochromic windows.

Abstract: A welding and cutting wheel for permanently bonding micro-denier fabrics is provided. The wheel assembly comprises a first rotatable wheel equipped with a plurality of spikes along its perimeter, the first rotatable wheel being positioned to rotate around a first axis, a second rotatable wheel equipped with a plurality of holes along its planar face, the second rotatable wheel being positioned to rotate around a second non parallel axis in relation to the first axis, and an energy source operably connected to at least one of the rotatable wheels, to activate an adhesive material used in the bonding process.

Abstract: A column oven for a liquid chromatograph includes a temperature control mechanism possessing a heater, which controls a temperature, and a thermally conductive column holding member in contact with the temperature control mechanism for holding an analytical column of a liquid chromatograph and for transferring heat from the temperature control mechanism to the analytical column. The column holding member includes a space for containing the analytical column. The space is formed to have an opening on one side surface of the column holding member and to have a cross-sectional shape forming a part of an involute curve along a vertical direction with respect to a longitudinal direction of the analytical column held in the column holding member.

Abstract: A television/space heater combination device for displaying image content and for heating air and method of using the same is presented. The television/space heater combination device includes a television, a space heater and, sometimes, a frame. The method of use includes activating the space heater; selecting a temperature value for the space heater; generating heat and distributing the same into a room from the space heater; activating the television; and displaying an image on a screen of the television while generating heat with the space heater. The displayed image may be an image of a wood or gas burning fireplace generated by a continuous video loop; or be images from regular television programming or images generated by data transmitted to the television by a remote computer.

Abstract: A heat pad assembly for installation and/or removal of a bracket from a structure comprises a heating element. The heat pad assembly may have at least one and, more preferably, a plurality of perforations formed therein. The heating element may be configured to generate heat upon the application of electrical current passing therethrough. The heat pad assembly may be used for temporary installation of a bracket to a mounting surface through the use of an adhesive which is installable between the bracket and the structure.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for receiving a test sample, particularly sample holders for combined examination of the test sample by a test procedure combined with another test procedure, which differs from the first test procedure, with a planar preparation component (1) in a transparent material with a preparation surface on which the test sample can be prepared, wherein a test path for the introduction of a test facility for carrying out the test procedure is formed on one side of the preparation component (1) and another test path for the introduction of a test facility for carrying out the other test procedure on the test sample is formed on an opposite side of the preparation component (1), wherein a supporting and covering element (3a) which has an aperture (5) through which the test path is formed is pressed against the preparation component (1) on one side (FIG. 1).

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to suppress the decrease in the insulation resistance between an electrode and a case resulting from condensed water in an electric heating catalyst (EHC). The EHC includes a heat generating element which generates heat by applying electricity and which heats a catalyst, a case which accommodates the heat generating element, and an insulating member which is provided between the heat generating element and the case, and which provides insulation from electricity. An electrode chamber, which is a space formed around an electrode connected to the heat generating element, is occluded by an occluding member, which has an airtightness higher than those of the heat generating element and the insulating member, in the case of the EHC.

Abstract: A resistive heating system for a combustion turbine susceptible to inlet air filter house component and compressor icing includes a plurality of heating panels (bundles) arranged in a substantially-planar array, adapted to be located on or adjacent to the turbine's inlet air filter house. Each heating panel is provided with one or more electrically-resistive heating elements; and a controller for selectively activating the resistive heating elements on each of the plurality of heating panels.

Abstract: A vehicle seat having a first temperature control unit and a second temperature control unit. Each control unit has power-input terminals for receiving power from a vehicle electrical power system and power-output terminals. The first control unit has a logic part for comparing received temperature selection and temperature measurement values along with a first pulse generator connected to a first output terminal of the logic part and a second pulse generator connected to a second output terminal of the logic part as well as a first switch unit coupled to the first pulse generator. The second temperature control unit includes a second switch unit coupled to the second pulse generator. First and second heating elements are coupled to the temperate control units. An occupant switch is coupled to the first temperate control unit. A first temperature sensor monitors the thermal output of the first heating element.

Abstract: An aspect of the invention provides a gemstone heating system for expanding capillary vessel. The system comprises a gemstone heating pad, a magnet, a heat conductor, a heating element, and an insulating cover. The gemstone heating pad comprises a front surface, a rear surface, a recess portion provided on a central portion of the rear surface, a enclosing wall portion configured for enclosing the recess portion. The magnet is embedded in the recess portion of the gemstone heating pad. The heat conductor encloses the recess portion of the gemstone heating system. The heating element is disposed in the heating conductor. The insulating cover is configured for insulating the heat conductor and the heating element.

Abstract: A device for heating a cylindrical component of given diameter is disclosed. The device includes at least two heaters each delivering a stream of hot gas and emerging in an annular chamber. The inside diameter of the annular chamber is slightly greater than the diameter of the cylindrical component. The device may be used for heating a metal journal in which a bearing ring for an inter-shaft bearing in a double-body turbomachine is mounted.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided, by way of example, a heater for use in semiconductor processing equipment that includes a base functional layer having at least one functional zone. A substrate is secured to the base functional layer, and a tuning layer is secured to the substrate opposite the base functional layer. The tuning layer includes a plurality of zones that is greater in number than the zones of the base functional layer, and the tuning layer has lower power than the base functional layer. Further, a component, such as a chuck by way of example, is secured to the tuning layer opposite the substrate. The substrate defines a thermal conductivity to dissipate a requisite amount of power from the base functional layer.