Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of managing the consumption and distribution of electricity in a user facility, wherein the user facility is connected to an electricity supply grid and the user facility comprises a grid connected on site generator; the method comprising the steps of measuring waveform conditions on a portion of the electricity supply grid adjacent the user facility to obtain locally measured waveform conditions; measuring electrical power readings from the on site generator; communicating the locally measured waveform conditions and the electrical power readings to a controller in the user facility; determining, at least on the basis of the locally measured waveform conditions, whether the electricity supply grid is oversupplied or undersupplied with electricity; and, modifying the flow of the electricity within the user facility based on whether the electricity supply grid is oversupplied or undersupplied with electricity and/or the electrical power readings from the grid connected

Abstract: A carpet seaming iron includes a base assembly and a top cover, within which the heating and control components are located. A bimetal thermostat, an over-temperature cutoff, and/or a thermistor and thermistor cover are secured between the base assembly and top cover by an elevated surface of the base assembly. The base assembly may include a base having an outer groove such that the top cover that fits over the base and in the outer groove of the base. To keep the cord away from a user during operation, the handle of the carpet seaming iron may also be attached to the cord by a rotatable cord guard holder that extends the cord away from the handle and a semi-rigid cord guard that reduces bending of the cord.

Abstract: A heater control structure for an ice protection system is disclosed that includes a first multi-role logic block having a first scheduler to schedule the operation of an array of heaters and a first controller to control a first group of heaters within the array of heaters, wherein the first scheduler communicates with a first private data bus and the first controller communicates with a second private data bus, and wherein the first scheduler and the first controller communicate with one another over a first pair of inter-channel data busses.

Abstract: A apparatus and method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module includes components for heating the module and applying an electrical bias to the module to improve photovoltaic module performance and manufacture multiple photovoltaic modules with similar performance.

Abstract: The heater system of a fuel filter includes: a power supply unit supplying power; a lead wire unit receiving power from the power supply unit and having a plurality of branch lines to divide current of the supplied power; and a fuel filter having a plurality of internal thermo switches connected to the branch lines of the lead wire unit, respectively, and a PTC heater heated by power supplied through the internal thermo switches.

Abstract: The present invention is provided with a waterless detection method and a waterless detection device of a boiler iron and an iron applied with the device thereof The present invention is applied with a normal close thermostat of the constant temperature boiler and a control device ,a signal line between the thermostat of the traditional boiler iron and the control device to send the off and on information of the thermostat to the control device. The control device can judge the presence of the water in the water tank according to the empiric value of the actual heating system, preventing the pump from damage due to empty pumped. Compared to the traditional iron with other hardware detection device, the present invention costs lower with simple manufactory. And It saves more space for other component of the iron as well.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments relate to a defogging or de-icing system for an optical instrument including a protection housing. According to the disclosed embodiments, the system includes: a porthole covered on at least one face thereof with a heat conducting film provided at the edge of the useful area of said porthole, the porthole being mounted on the protection housing, heating members placed in contact with the film for heating said film, and a power supply circuit for the heating members.

Abstract: Scribing apparatus are disclosed. In one aspect, a dual-stage scribing apparatus has a first stage adapted to receive a first substrate, a second stage adapted to receive a second substrate, and one or more lasers adapted to emit a laser beam towards the first stage and the second stage and adapted to scribe the substrates. Scribing can be undertaken on the first stage while an orientation process may take place on the other. In another aspect, as dual-laser scribing apparatus is disclosed. Electronic device processing systems and methods including scribing apparatus are described, as are numerous other aspects.

Abstract: Disclosed is an annealing device that includes a processing chamber into which a wafer is received, a heating source having a plurality of light emitting diodes (LEDs) for emitting a light toward the wafer, which faces the surface of the wafer, and a light transmissive member provided corresponding to the heating source, into which the light from the light emitting elements is transmitted. The heating source has the light emitting elements attached on a support toward the wafer. Each of the light emitting elements is individually covered with a lens layer made of a transparent resin.

Abstract: This invention is about crimping-fixed electric heater via the Internet of Things (IOT), which includes a heater tube body to hold the heating elements of PTC and heat sinks that are attached to the heater tube. The heater tube is a long strip-shaped metal tube and has flanges attached to the upper surface and lower sides of this metal tube that forms grooves at the corner between these flanges and the upper/lower surface of the metal tube body. Inside the metal tube is a cavity to hold the PTC heating element with insulation layers are applied in the cavity. Heat sink is first placed on the left and right side of the heater tube, the flanges are folded to clamp the heat sink firmly to the heater tube.

Abstract: A heat pad assembly for installation and/or removal of a bracket from a structure comprises a heating element. The heat pad assembly may have at least one and, more preferably, a plurality of perforations formed therein. The heating element may be configured to generate heat upon the application of electrical current passing therethrough. The heat pad assembly may be used for temporary installation of a bracket to a mounting surface through the use of an adhesive which is installable between the bracket and the structure.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a toy electric oven including an insulated housing containing a heating chamber, a door that latches to prevent access to the heating chamber while hot, a cooling system with a fan, a timer, and a window for viewing the heating chamber when the door is closed, the window remaining at a safe temperature for touching while the toy electric oven is operating. The window may be a double-paned structure wherein the vapor space between the windows is vented using the cooling fan.

Abstract: Portable apparatus for identifying and mitigating defects in electronic devices disposed on substrates or windows are disclosed herein. Such defects can be visually perceived by the end user. The substrates or windows may include flat panel displays, photovoltaic windows, electrochromic devices, and the like, particularly electrochromic windows.

Abstract: A heating resistance element component has a supporting substrate, an insulating film laminated on the supporting substrate, heating resistors arranged at intervals on the insulating film, a common wire connected to one end of each of the heating resistors, and individual wires each connected to another end of the each of the of heating resistors. A surface of the supporting substrate is formed with a first concave portion and a second concave portion. The first concave portion is arranged in a region opposed to heating portions of the heating resistors. The second concave portion is arranged at an interval in a vicinity of the first concave portion so that heat generated by the heating portions of the plurality of heating resistors is prevented from flowing into the supporting substrate.

Abstract: Embodiments of the subject invention are directed to methods and apparatus for inducing fluid flow in a wind tunnel using one or more plasma actuators. In an embodiment, a wind tunnel is provided having a flow passage. A pair of electrodes is positioned on at least one surface of the flow passage, and a voltage potential is applied across the pair of electrodes producing a plasma discharge in the flow passage. In an embodiment, the pair of electrodes is positioned on the at least one surface of the flow passage such that when the plasma discharge is produced an electrohydrodynamic (EHD) body force is generated that induces flow of a fluid in the flow passage.

Abstract: A textile electrode material comprises an electrically conductive textile sheet material having a first sheet resistance. According to the invention the electrical properties of at least one specific region of said textile sheet material are modified with respect to the other regions so that in said specific region the textile electrode has a second sheet resistance, which is substantially lower than said first sheet resistance.

Abstract: A dialysis machine includes: (i) a source of peritoneal dialysis solution; (ii) a patient line for passing the peritoneal dialysis solution to the peritoneal cavity of a patient; (iii) a pump for pumping the peritoneal dialysis solution to the peritoneal cavity via the patient line; (iv) a heater for heating the peritoneal dialysis solution prior to the dialysis solution reaching the patient line, the heater including first and second heating elements; (v) a voltage input from a remote power source; and (vi) a control scheme responsive to the voltage input and configured to (a) automatically maintain a proper dialysis solution temperature for the patient via the first and second heating elements regardless of the voltage input wherein the control (b) account for an inlet temperature of the dialysis solution to the heater and (c) account for heater efficiency.

Abstract: Provided is a built-in type cooker including a heat dissipation part connected to an electronic component and exposed to the outside of the cabinet. The built-in type cooker include a cabinet having an upwardly opened polyhedral shape, a top plate covering a top surface of the cabinet, the electronic component installed within the cabinet, and the heat dissipation part in which at least portion thereof is exposed to the side of the cabinet, the heat dissipation part being connected to the electronic component.

Abstract: An electrode according to one aspect of the present invention is formed on a base material composed of a ceramics. The electrodes includes a matrix composed of an Ni-Cr alloy (with a Cr content of 20 to 60 wt. %) or an MCrAlY alloy (M is at least one material selected from Fe, Co and Ni), and a disperse phase that is dispersed in the matrix and composed of an oxide mineral having a laminated structure. The ratio of area occupied by the disperse phase in a cross section of the electrode is 40 to 80%. With the structure like this, it is possible to suppress the increase in the electrical resistance even after a thermal cycle is performed.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is provided for preparing frozen ground for construction-type work includes using arrays of heat sources placed over the surface to be heated. The apparatus can warm the surface in preparation for the construction activity with energy penetrating into the ground affording efficient thawing of materials below 20 centimeters of depth. Heat sources used in the array can include emitted infrared radiation.

Abstract: An adsorption unit is provided, including an electrical heating substrate defined with a fluid channel therein, and an adsorptive material layer formed on the electrical heating substrate to contact the fluid channel for adsorbing moisture or volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in a gas flow through the fluid channel.

Abstract: Isopotential heaters used in the preconcentration stage of sample detection systems are described. The heaters have at least two electrically conducting paths of which the resistances of the electrically conducting baths are substantially equal such that in use uniform heat distribution is achieved.

Abstract: A heat-generating element includes at least one PTC heating element and an insulating housing enclosing the PTC heating element, as well as electric conductors whose inner surfaces are in contact with opposed sides of the PTC heating element. The respective outer surfaces of the electric conductors are covered by an insulating layer comprising at least two interconnected plastic sheets and fixedly connected to the housing. In another aspect, a heating device includes a plurality of heat-generating elements can comprise at least one PTC element and electric conductors that contact opposed lateral surfaces of the PTC element, and heat-emitting elements arranged in parallel layers in contact with opposed sides of the heat-generating element. The heating device has heat-emitting elements which are in contact with opposed sides of the heat-generating element via an interposed insulating layer comprising at least two interconnected plastic sheets.

Abstract: The invention relates to a glow plug for Diesel engines, comprising a housing, a heater rod, which is movable in the housing in axial direction and projects from the housing at a forward end, and a pressure measuring device for measuring a combustion chamber pressure exerted on the heater rod. It is provided according to the invention that a housing chamber is filled with a substance having or achieving liquid to paste-like consistency at temperatures occurring during operation and conducting heat generated by the heater rod to the housing.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for rapidly severing a decoy towline extending from an aircraft by a mechanical spring actuated cutting blade and a thermal fuse type of release mechanism eliminating a pyrotechnic actuation device. The cutting blade is biased toward cutting engagement with the towline by a preloaded coil compression spring retained in the loaded position by a length of a polymer cord. The polymer cord has a heater wire wrapped about a portion of the cord which is connected to a DC voltage supply. The heater wire melts the cords when electrically connected to the DC power supply which releases the restraint on the spring which then drives the cutting blade into severing engagement with the towline.

Abstract: A pressure-sensitive adhesive strength exhibiting unit including: a thermal head including heat-generating elements aligned in a row, for heating the pressure-sensitive adhesive label from the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer side to cause each of the heat-generating elements to form a bore in the functional layer; a platen roller for conveying the pressure-sensitive adhesive label while sandwiching the pressure-sensitive adhesive label between the thermal head and the platen roller; and a control part for applying heat energy to each of the heat-generating elements independently, wherein when the control part continuously forms perforation lines in which a plurality of the bores are aligned in a row by repeating the application of heat energy, the control part applies high heat energy, whose energy amount is higher than an energy amount of heat energy applied to the heat-generating elements during formation of a previous perforation line, to the heat-generating elements to form the perforation line.

Abstract: A cigar lighter has a heating element and a movable knob biased by a spring. The heating element has a first electrical terminal in contact with a first contact element disposed around the perimeter of the heating element and a second centrally located terminal in contact with a centrally disposed fastener. A bimetal element is in contact with the second terminal of the heating element and has two engaging clips. A movable contact moves with the knob and has a first position wherein it does not engage the clips and the heating element is unenergized and a second position wherein it engages the clips to energize the heating element.

Abstract: A vaporizing dispenser comprising a user-activatable chemical reaction heat source and a volatile compound inside a container such that convection currents from the activated heat source volatilize the volatile compound and carry it out of the container.

Abstract: A heating module for maintaining battery working temperature is arranged adjacent to one side of a battery, and includes a plurality of radiating fins and at least one heating unit. The heating unit includes at least one heating element and at least one heat transfer element, and the heat transfer element is perpendicularly extended through the radiating fins. An air guiding element is disposed between the heating module and the battery or adjacent to one side of the radiating fins opposite to the battery, so as to force air flows, which carry heat radiated from the radiating fins, toward the battery to thereby effectively raise the ambient temperature surrounding the battery, allowing the battery to reach its working temperature and work normally.

Abstract: An ultraviolet (UV) LED-based lamp for UV curing lamp assemblies is disclosed. An array of UV emitting LEDs are packaged together and arranged along the length of a cylindrical lens to form a UV LED-based optical component assembly. The UV LED-based optical component assembly may be made to be modular. A UV LED lamp assembly may comprise a plurality of UV LED-based optical component assemblies arranged around a workpiece tube. The workpiece tube may be filled with an inert gas and may be made of quartz or glass. One or more curved back reflectors may be placed opposite the LED UV LED-based optical component assemblies to collect UV light escaping the workpiece tube and refocus the light to the other side of the workpiece. The UV LEDs may be arranged on a single surface or a multi-level tiered platform.

Abstract: An apparatus for stabilizing a sheet material by near-field levitation comprises a heater plate including a heating element and a radiation surface which vibrates when the heater plate receives an acoustic wave. The apparatus further comprises at least one vibration source coupled to the heater plate and operable to transmit the acoustic wave to the heater plate.

Abstract: An electrothermal heater mat (3) is provided for an ice protection system for an aircraft (1) or the like. The heater mat (3) is a laminated heater mat and comprises dielectric layers (50-58), a heater element (501) and a conductive ground plane (71-74) for detecting a fault with the heater element (501). The dielectric layers (50-58) are made of thermoplastic material, and the ground plane (71-74) is formed by spraying metal such as copper onto the thermoplastic material of one of the dielectric layers.

Abstract: An electrically heated towel rack including two parallel retractable arms (1,1?) and an electric heating board (2) is provided. Each of the retractable arms has a fixed portion (12) and a retractable portion (14). A connecting member (11) is disposed at one end of the fixed portion (12) for connecting the fixed portion (12) and a wall (3). The electric heating board (2) is rotatably disposed between the two retractable arms (1,1?) and supported by two support members (13), the support members (13) being respectively disposed on inner sides of the retractable portions (14) of the two retractable arms (1,1?). The electric heating board (2) can be an electric glass board. The distance between the electric heating board (2) and the wall (3) can be adjusted by pushing or pulling the retractable portions (14). Alternatively, the electric heating board (2) can be rotated to a vertical position.

Abstract: A high-frequency heating device includes: a heating chamber configured to heat a food; a high-frequency generating unit configured to supply high frequency waves to the heating chamber; a driving power supply configured to drive the high-frequency generating unit; a cooling fan configured to cool the high-frequency generating unit and the driving power supply; an air guide serving as a blast guide of the cooling fan; and a noise filter configured to suppress a noise generated from the high-frequency generating unit and the driving power supply. The noise filter is attached on a cooling fan side of the air guide. A plurality of cooling holes are formed on a partition wall between a component mounting surface of a noise filter substrate and the air guide.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reducing condensation on aluminum windows, especially those in high-rise apartment buildings. The method uses application of heat directly to the aluminum window frame via electric heating cables to eliminate disparate temperature conditions that lead to condensation. By applying the heat in the systematic way, allows for seamless application of the wiring that can be hidden by aluminum caps such that they would be undetectable. This allows the user of the device and method to eliminate the condensation problem without altering the structural condition of the window.

Abstract: A method of assembling a towel rail having vertically extending, elongate, tubular supports opposed and spaced apart from each other, and spaced apart, horizontally extending, tubular beams, the method including: a) threading an elongate flexible heating element through a respective support; b) looping an appropriate length of the element through each hole of the support to form a plurality of looped sections; c) threading each looped section through a respective beam from the second end; d) inserting the second end of each beam through a respective hole of the respective support to bring an abutment surface of the second end into contact with an inner surface of the support; and e) locking the second end of each beam to the support by passing a fastener at least partially through the support to engage with a recess formed in the second end.

Abstract: A self-heating fluid connector comprising a housing in which is provided exothermic phase change material and one or more fluid channels extending from one end of the housing to the other, in thermal communication with the exothermic phase change material, whereby fluid passing through the fluid conduits is heated by the exothermic phase change material. The self-heating connector is particularly suited for use with a fluid container and a fluid delivery port such as a baby's bottle and feeding teat.

Abstract: A heating device for heating a thermally fixable sealing cover disposed over the microplate adjacent the wells, a cooling device for actively cooling the microplate and a controller set up to control activity of the heating and cooling devices in a manner to heat the sealing cover so as to thermally fix it to the microplate and to actively cool the microplate so as to keep a temperature of the samples below a predefined temperature when heating the sealing cover. It further relates to a method for automatically sealing a microplate in which the thermally fusible sealing cover is disposed over the microplate, the sealing cover is heated to thermally fix it to the microplate and the microplate is actively cooled in a manner that a temperature of the liquid reaction mixtures is kept below a predefined temperature when heating the sealing cover.

Abstract: A refrigerator-oven combination for an aircraft galley food service system includes a housing with a thermally insulated compartment, a heating device for heating the compartment in a heating mode, and a refrigeration device for cooling the compartment in a refrigeration mode.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for heating or cooling a fluid. An inlet conduit coupled to a plurality of distribution nozzles in fluid communication with a channel at the periphery of the apparatus. An insert and a sleeve cooperatively define a thin gap, in fluid communication with the channel, through which the fluid flows. Thermal inserts near the thin gap generate heat flux into or out of the fluid, which exits through an outlet conduit.

Abstract: A portable pet warmer may include an outer cylinder and front and rear covers. An inner cylinder may be removably positioned within the outer cylinder. The inner cylinder remains spaced from the outer cylinder while the inner cylinder is positioned within the outer cylinder. A thermostat and a heating element may be located within the apparatus and adapted to be coupled to an external 115 volt alternating current power supply source. A mounting plate and retainer springs are used to hold the thermostat at a secure position during use while permitting easy access to the thermostat during maintenance. An internal power supply source providing a 12 volt direct current to the thermostat may further be electrically coupled to the circuit breaker.

Abstract: At least two radiation members are each powered by an energy source. A reflective member includes an at least partially ring-shaped concave reflective surface facing at least one radiation member which includes an at least partial ring shape for distributing energy to an at least partially ring-shaped zone. At least one other radiation member includes a lamp base assembly for being received in a lamp socket assembly, to provide illumination or other forms of radiation, with concentration in a focal zone. A remote control and switch apparatus or radiation scanning and detection control and switch apparatus is provided, for control of remote power activation, the radiation members and for activating, varying, modifying and/or controlling, optimizing, maximizing, minimizing or otherwise altering the complete or partial constructive interference and/or the complete or partial destructive interference of the electromagnetic radiation emitted from the respective radiation sources of the radiator.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a connecting apparatus used for connecting underground pipes and to a composition for preparing a foamed sheet for the same. Specifically, the present invention relates to a sheet composition for pipe connection which comprises 1 to 10 parts by weight of a masterbatch including low-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, a maleic anhydride graft copolymer, a metallocene polyethylene elastomer, a foaming agent, and an additive, based on 100 parts by weight of a base resin including low-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, a maleic anhydride graft copolymer, and a metallocene polyethylene elastomer. When using the composition according to the present invention, a non-foamed sheet is produced during melt extrusion, and a foamed sheet is obtained at a high temperature by laminating the non-foamed sheet with a heater line and applying electricity thereto. Therefore, the sheet composition can be fused and filled into a pipe.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods and apparatus for tempering the temperature of a liquid in a fluid conducting system. More particularly, the invention relates to tempering the temperature of water supplied to a fixture from a water heater in a fluid conducting system. In some embodiments, the invention includes a restrictor for decreasing the fluid pressure in one of the hot inlet or cold inlet of the mixing valve.

Abstract: A handheld work apparatus has a drive motor which drives a work tool and a generator. The work apparatus has a first electrical load and a connectable second electrical load. The generator provides the electrical power for the simultaneous operation of the two loads. The work apparatus has a control unit for controlling the power supplied to the first electrical load. In order to supply approximately the same power independent of voltage fluctuations, a voltage monitoring circuit is provided which, in a first operating state, sets a first signal sequence for operating the first load and, in a second operating state, sets a different second signal sequence for operating the first load. The mean power of the first signal sequence and that of the other second signal sequence are approximately equal.

Abstract: A computer component testing system is used to test a temperature operating range of components of a computer. The computer component testing system includes a power supply, a voltage dividing circuit, an amplifier circuit, a heat generator, a temperature control cabinet to receive the computer and the heat generator, and a temperature tester. The temperature of the component of the computer changes via adjusting the variable resistor to change heat generated by the heat generator, to make the component of the computer be in different temperatures. If the computer changes to a second state from the first state in a temperature, the temperature is determined to be an end temperature of the temperature operating range of the component.

Abstract: A heated element includes a thermally and electrically conductive polymer in a shaped or spaced arrangement. The spaced arrangement has at least one string of material with ends that are configured to be electrically connected to a power source. A first end is connected to a positive terminal of the power source while the other end is connected to a negative terminal of the power source. A hand grip includes the heating element disposed on an inner layer, and may include an outer layer. The spaced arrangement may be disposed between the inner and outer layer for indirect heating applications. Alternatively, portions of the spaced arrangement may protrude from either the inner layer or the outer layer for direct heating applications. The heated element may be used with a number of devices, including but not limited to, golf club grips, hand grips, heating pads, blankets, or other applications.

Abstract: A device for detecting and eliminating a layer of ice formed on the surface of an aircraft structure or a liquid that has infiltrated inside of a structure and/or into the material of the structure. The device includes at least one pair of subnetworks of conductive elements, each subnetwork including at least one series of conductive elements, the aforementioned subnetworks being arranged in such a way that the interfitting between the conductive elements of the first subnetwork and the conductive elements of the second subnetwork forms a network of capacitive sensors, said the aforementioned conductive elements being embedded in an insulating material, each subnetwork of conductive elements being incorporated into a flexible substrate so that the entire assembly forms a flexible covering.

Abstract: The present invention provides a heater apparatus that divides a heater capacity (heater wire), connects the divided heater wire portions each other outside the heater, changes a connection mode outside irrespective of which of a 100 V system or a 200 V system is used as a supply voltage, and can thereby suppress a heater temperature to within a safe range even in a continuous current conduction mode, use a common heater and suppress management cost. Furthermore, since the heater wires are connected each other outside the heat insulating layer for the heater embedded in the heat insulating layer of the refrigerator, the present invention provides a heater apparatus capable of reducing production loss due to misconnections and using a common heater.

Abstract: A method for measuring a fluid level in a tank containing a fluid for a transportable temperature controlled space. The method includes providing a temperature control system for the transportable temperature controlled space, providing a fluid level sensor for sensing a fluid level in the tank, generating fluid level signals with the fluid level sensor indicative of the fluid level in the tank, providing a fluid level algorithm for receiving the fluid level signals from the fluid level sensor and computing the fluid level in the tank, and inhibiting nondeterministic fluid level signals from being introduced to the fluid level algorithm.