Abstract: A LIDAR includes multiple light sources and a Liquid Crystal on Silicon (LCOS) device for controllably redirecting beams from each of the multiple light sources. The same or a different LCOS device can be used to controllably redirect reflected light to each of several corresponding light detectors. The LCOS device can be adjusted on a slower time scale while the light sources can be sequentially activated on a faster time scale. The LCOS device provides for fine steering control of LIDAR beams. The use of multiple light sources and detectors allows for a higher LIDAR scan rate.

Abstract: A superresolution STED-NSIM apparatus having an epifluorescence architecture utilizing a 2D structured STED pattern having a N.A. less than a N.A. of the microscope objective and no surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effects. A superresolution STED-NSIM imaging method using a fully deterministic imaging processing method, in which a pre-calibrated set of parameters are used to process all image data.

Abstract: A solid-state image sensor including a semiconductor layer having a light incident side, a support substrate positioned on an opposite side of the light incident side of the semiconductor layer, photoelectric conversion elements formed two-dimensionally in the semiconductor layer, light reflection structures formed on a surface of the support substrate which faces toward the semiconductor layer, and positioned such that the light reflection structures face the photoelectric conversion elements, respectively, and an interlayer insulating layer formed between adjacent ones of the light reflection structures. The light reflection structures include a light transmission layer and a reflective metal that covers a surface of the light transmission layer opposite to a surface facing the semiconductor layer, and the reflective metal has a concave curved surface facing the photoelectric conversion elements.

Abstract: An integrated polarization interferometer includes a polarization beam splitter for separating incident complex waves, a first mirror attached to a first surface of the polarization beam splitter, for reflecting a first polarization transmitted through the polarization beam splitter to the polarization beam splitter, and a second mirror attached to a second surface of the polarization beam splitter, for reflecting a second polarization transmitted through the polarization beam splitter to the polarization beam splitter. Accordingly, it is possible to measure dynamic spectroscopic polarization phenomenon with extremely high robustness disturbances due to an external vibration and the like by using the integrated polarization interferometer, thereby improving measurement repeatability and accuracy of measurement.

Abstract: Provided are a fluorescent testing system, a molecular testing method, and a fluorescent testing method that can avoid enlargement and complication. A fluorescent testing system (1) includes: an excitation light source (23) that radiates excitation light (L1) to protein to which a fluorescent probe is added; a silicon integrated circuit (10) including a photon detection unit (13) that detects light by a photodiode (12); a holding layer (30) including a microwell (31) that is provided above the photodiode (12) and holds the protein to which the fluorescent probe is added; and a control unit (24) that causes the excitation light source (23) to radiate the excitation light (L1) to the protein which. is held and to which the fluorescent probe is added and causes the photon detection unit (13), after extinguishment of the excitation light (L1), to detect fluorescence emitted from the protein to which the fluorescent probe is added.

Abstract: Methods and systems for alignment of a subject for medical imaging are disclosed, and involve providing a reference image of an anatomical region of the subject, the anatomical region comprising a target tissue, processing the reference image to generate an alignment reference image, displaying the alignment reference image concurrently with real-time video of the anatomical region, and aligning the real-time video with the alignment reference image to overlay the real-time video with the alignment reference image. Following such alignment, the subject may be imaged using, for example, fluorescence imaging, wherein the fluorescence imaging may be performed by an image acquisition assembly aligned in accordance with the alignment.

Abstract: Provided are an optical measuring instrument, a flow cytometer, and a radiation counter which reduces a size and a weight of a photodetector, and enables detection of weak pulsed light with a high degree of accuracy and at a high speed. A laser beam source irradiates a specimen to be measured with a laser beam and generates a light pulse of intensity corresponding to the irradiation. An imaging element provided with a pixel including a photoelectric conversion element and an amplification element which sequentially accumulates charges subjected to photoelectric conversion by the photoelectric conversion element for a predetermined period and outputs a voltage as a pixel signal according to an accumulated charge amount after the accumulation is completed through the amplification element, and detects a light amount of the light pulse on the basis of a pixel signals of a pixel group.

Abstract: In an example implementation, a method includes illuminating a wafer with excitation light having a wavelength and intensity sufficient to induce photoluminescence in the wafer. The method also includes detecting photoluminescence emitted from a portion of the wafer in response to the illumination, and detecting excitation light reflected from the portion of the wafer. The method also includes comparing the photoluminescence emitted from the portion of the wafer and the excitation light reflected from the portion of the wafer, and identifying one or more defects in the wafer based on the comparison.

Abstract: First beam source radiates a near infrared reference beam of 905 nm, in which light tends not to be absorbed in water toward a leaf of a plant. Second beam source radiates a near infrared measuring beam of 1550 nm, in which light tends to be absorbed in water toward the leaf of the plant. Threshold level setter/water content index detector calculates a water content index of one leaf as a total sum ? Ln(I905/I1550) of the reflection intensity ratio. Controller displays a graph representing a total sum of water content of the leaf and a pixel average value as a time-transition of the water content contained in the plant from the start of the measurement period on a UI screen of a monitor. Viewed from the first and second beam sources, a white reference substrate covering a back surface of the leaf is disposed on the leaf of the plant.

Abstract: A multi-sensor device comprises a housing containing multiple sensor modules for capturing and transmitting sensor data for plants in a crop. A control unit within the housing is operable to control the sensor modules, and a communications interface is connected to the control unit for transmitting data from said plurality of sensor modules. The sensor modules can include a physiological sensor, a surface analysis sensor, and chemical sensor. The multi-sensor device can be used as a hand-held device or mounted to a mobile platform for use in an automated crop monitoring system.

Abstract: A method to correct signal light intensities measured by a detector of a detection unit in a laboratory instrument is presented. The detection unit comprises a light source, a sample plane comprising a sample holder configured to hold at least one sample vessel comprising a test sample to be illuminated, a reference light sensor, and the detector. Based on a basic light intensity of a newly manufactured light source and an initial light intensity measured by the reference light sensor the sensitivity of the reference light sensor can be determined. And signal light intensities measured by the detector can be corrected based on the determined sensitivity and subsequently measured reference light intensities of the reference light sensor in order to generate comparable test results.

Abstract: The present invention recognizes that current clinical laboratory testing methods for multiparametric single cell analysis are limited to analysis of intact live cells, and are insufficient for identification of signaling activation profile defining certain cell types, including but not limited to neoplastic and immunologically activated cell subsets. One aspect of the present invention generally relates to marker selection in panels to include proteins routinely assessed in standard FCM, while preferably also incorporating markers for surface receptor proteins within activated signaling cascades.

Abstract: A fluorescence lifetime measurement apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an illumination light generation unit configured to generate illumination light, a fluorescence photon detection unit configured to collect a fluorescence signal of fluorescence photons generated by illuminating at least one or more samples including fluorescent molecules with the illumination light; and a measurement unit configured to compute a fluorescence lifetime by applying a least square method to a simulation function and a function of the fluorescence signal.

Abstract: A scanning microscope includes a scanning unit that causes irradiation light emitted by a light source to scan a sample, an optical system that guides the emitted light that has passed through the scanning unit to the sample, an isolation unit that includes a transmissive portion that enables the irradiation light to pass the transmissive portion and a reflective portion that reflects at least some of light that is included in emitted light generated from the sample as a result of the irradiation light being radiated to the sample and that has passed through the optical system and the scanning unit, and a detection unit that detects the emitted light that has passed through the isolation unit. The isolation unit is disposed in an optical path of the irradiation light between the light source and the scanning unit.

Abstract: A source grating structure (G0) for interferometric X-ray imaging cable of generating a non-uniform intensity profile behind a surface (S) of the grating structure when exposed to X-ray radiation.

Abstract: A retina scanning type display apparatus includes a scanning portion, a deflection member, and a light flux diameter expanding element. An incidence angle range in a first incidence direction with respect to an eye from the deflection member is broader than an incidence angle range in a second incidence direction, and, in the light flux diameter expanding element, an expanding magnification of light flux diameter in a first expanding direction, which corresponds to the first incidence direction, is greater than an expanding magnification of light flux diameter in a second expanding direction, which corresponds to the second incidence direction. In addition, in the scanning mirror, a width in a first scanning direction, which corresponds to the first expanding direction, is narrower than a width in a second scanning direction, which corresponds to the second expanding direction.

Abstract: A transmitter and receiver for performing a signal select algorithm are provided. A transmitter for providing a signal on a line to be located includes at least one direct digital synthesizer, the direct digital synthesizer producing two component frequencies in response to an input square wave signal; and a feedback loop providing the input square wave.

Abstract: A method includes capturing an image, and performing region detection on the captured image. The region detection includes identifying an object represented in the captured image. The method further includes detecting emissivity of the identified object and determining the temperature of the object based on the detected emissivity of the object.

Abstract: An instrument for scanning a specimen on a specimen holder. The instrument includes a scanning stage for supporting the specimen and a detector having a plurality of pixels. The scanning stage and the detector are movable relative to each other to move the specimen in a scan direction during a scan, and at least some of the pixels of the detector are operable to collect light inside the specimen during the scan and generate corresponding image data. The instrument also includes a processor operable to perform MSIA on the image data and to generate two or more strip images. Each strip image has a different effective exposure. The processor combines the two or more strip images to generate an increased dynamic range (IDR) image of the specimen.

Abstract: An example disclosed media processing device includes an image processing unit; a first optical registration sensor; and a second optical registration sensor spaced apart from the first optical registration sensor along a first axis by a first distance associated with a gap between media units on a web.

Abstract: A light-emitting device includes a light-emitting element with a peak emission wavelength in a range of 400 nm to 410 nm and a fluorescent member that contains a first phosphor with a peak emission wavelength in a range of 440 nm to 470 nm containing a Eu-activated alkaline-earth phosphate that contains Cl in a composition, a second phosphor with a peak emission wavelength in a range of 500 nm to 530 nm containing a Eu-activated halogen-containing alkaline-earth silicate, a third phosphor with a peak emission wavelength in a range of 530 nm to 600 nm containing a Ce-activated rare-earth aluminate, and a fourth phosphor with a peak emission wavelength in a range of 600 nm to 660 nm containing a Eu-activated silicon nitride containing Al and at least one of Sr and Ca in a composition.

Abstract: The present description provides a gas sensor, a method for manufacturing the same and a detection device. The gas sensor includes: an insulation substrate, a gas sensitive element, a first electrode and a second electrode. The gas sensitive element is disposed on the insulation substrate and has a three-dimensional nano network structure. The first electrode and the second electrode are located on opposite sides of the gas sensitive element.

Abstract: The present invention relates to formulations for the preparation of organic electronic devices (OLEDs) which comprise at least one specific ester solvent containing a non aromatic cycle and at least one organic functional material selected from organic conductors, organic semiconductors, organic fluorescent compounds, organic phosphorescent compounds, organic light-absorbent compounds, organic light-sensitive compounds, organic photosensitisation agents and other organic photoactive compounds, selected from organometallic complexes of transition metals, rare earths, lanthanides and actinides.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to optical microscope calibration devices that can be used with optical microscopes to adjust the microscope imaging parameters so that images of samples can be obtained below the diffraction limit. The microscope calibration devices include at least one calibration target. Each calibration target includes a number of features with dimensions below the diffraction limit of a microscope objective. Separate color component diffraction limited images of one of the calibration targets are obtained for a particular magnification. The color component images can be combined and image processed to obtain a focused and non-distorted image of the calibration target. The parameters used to obtain the focused and non-distorted image of the calibration target can be used to obtain focused and non-distorted images of a sample for the same magnification by using the same parameters.

Abstract: A microscope system includes a microscope apparatus including a stage on which a sample is placed and an objective lens that collects laser light to the sample on the stage, a light source unit including a light source that emits the laser light, a scanning mechanism configured to guide the laser light from the light source unit and change a direction of the guided laser light to scan the sample on the stage, a photodetector configured to guide returned light from the objective lens of the microscope apparatus and convert the guided light into an electrical signal, a controller configured to control at least the scanning mechanism and generate image data from the electrical signal output from the photodetector, and a computer connected to the controller through a bus interface and configured to process the image data transferred from the controller through the bus interface.

Abstract: Lidar is an acronym for Light Detection And Ranging. The technology may be used to measure distance by illuminating a target with a laser beam and performing analysis on the reflected laser beam light. In the atmospheric sciences, Lidar may be used to study the optical depth of clouds, the impact of aerosols on clouds, and the interactions between aerosols and clouds on the climate. The present application proposes a lidar-based technology using a diode laser (101) beam sent through a tapered semiconductor optical amplifier (106) and an axicon pair expander (108) wherein the laser light may be transmitted through a telescope (110) at an object to be studied. Upon striking the object to be studied, the laser (101) is reflected and recovered by the telescope (110). The reflected laser is then sent through a heated rubidium vapor cell (115) and a total detection channel (116) for analysis.

Abstract: In order to generate rasterized images of a sample, a pixel size of image points of a rasterized image is set and photons emitted out of the sample which were detected, and for each of which a position of an effective local excitation of the sample for emitting the respective detected photon has been recorded are assigned to that image point of the rasterized image into which the position of the effective local excitation recorded for the respective detected photon falls. To set the pixel size of the image points to an optimized pixel size, the positions of the effective local excitation of the sample for emitting the detected photons are evaluated.

Abstract: Radiation detection arrangement and method for detection of external radiation using TADF material.

Abstract: Implementations directed to providing a computer-implemented method comprising receiving, from a motion sensing device, a plurality of image frames that includes information regarding a plurality of animals housed in a group-housed environment, determining a coordinate space of the group-housed environment based on an analysis of a first image frame of the image frames, generating, based on the analysis of the first image frame, an ellipsoid model for each animal based on defined surface points for each animal weighted according to a likely proximity to a crest of a spine of the respective animal, and tracking a position and an orientation of each animal within the image frames by enforcing shape consistency of the ellipsoid models, and adjusting the position of each of the ellipsoid models based on the defined surface points for each animal and a maximum likelihood formulation of a movement distance for each animal.

Abstract: An integrated circuit includes a photodetection region configured to receive incident photons. The photodetection region is configured to produce a plurality of charge carriers in response to the incident photons. The integrated circuit also includes at least one charge carrier storage region. The integrated circuit also includes a charge carrier segregation structure configured to selectively direct charge carriers of the plurality of charge carriers into the at least one charge carrier storage region based upon times at which the charge carriers are produced.

Abstract: Imaging systems including an objective lens and a line generation module are described herein. The objective lens may focus a first light beam emitted by the line generation module and a second light beam emitted by the line generation module at a focal point external to a sample so as to adjust line width. Line width may be increased to lower overall power density of a light beam on a surface of the sample such that the power density of the light beam on the surface of the sample is below a photosaturation threshold of a dye on the sample.

Abstract: A pointing element used for an operation on a screen includes: a tip light emitting unit; and a control unit which causes the tip light emitting unit to emit light and thus transmits signal light. The control unit causes the tip light emitting unit to emit light in a first light emitting mode in a state of being in contact with the screen. The control unit causes the tip light emitting unit to emit light in a second light emitting mode having a smaller amount of light than the first light emitting mode, in a state of being not in contact with the screen.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for determining a growth status of a plant comprising chlorophyll, the method comprising the steps of: illuminating the plant (102) with input light including a light intensity modulation component (205, 206, 207, 208); detecting light emitted from the plant; determining (S702) an offset light intensity (204) surrounding the plant, the offset light intensity being a static component of the input light; determining (S718) a phase and a gain between the input light and the detected light, determining (S720) a growth status of the plant based on a predetermined relationship between input light and detected light, and on the phase and the gain. The invention also relates to a corresponding system and to a computer program product.

Abstract: A system for obtaining temperature measurements. The system includes a photoluminescent target. The photoluminescent target includes a photoluminescent coating and a thermally conductive skeleton. The photoluminescent coating, when exposed to excitation light received from an interrogation unit, reemits light in a temperature-dependent manner, and the interrogation unit obtains a temperature measurement based on the reemitted light. The thermally conductive skeleton structure is configured to establish an even temperature distribution across the photoluminescent target, and to provide a support matrix for the photoluminescent coating that surrounds the skeleton structure. The photoluminescent target thermally interfaces with a target body from which the temperature measurement is to be obtained.

Abstract: A method and system incorporating a process for analyzing a sample to be tested to determine the presence of or to quantify an analyte in the sample. The process employs a reaction which produces a reaction medium derived from the sample that possesses fluorescence properties, in response to illumination by a light source. The process includes illuminating the sample and detecting a fluorescent signal, introducing the reaction medium, and illuminating the sample and detecting a second fluorescent signal from the sample. The process further includes processing the two signals to determine which portion of the fluorescent signal is produced solely by the reaction medium.

Abstract: The present application describes an optical sensor for measuring oxygen gas levels in a medium. The optical sensor includes a substrate having a first and second surface. The optical sensor also includes a first coating applied on the first surface of the substrate. The first coating may include an oxygen impermeable matrix doped with a first fluorophore. The optical sensor may include a second coating applied on the substrate. The present application also describes a capnography system for measuring oxygen including an optical sensor and an algorithm to estimate the maxima of oxygen levels from instantaneous oxygen levels and calculating instantaneous carbon dioxide levels from the difference between average maximum oxygen gas level and instantaneous oxygen gas level.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for microscopically and fluorescently imaging cell-bearing biological samples or other samples of interest. A microscope objective or other optical elements that exhibits chromatic aberration can be used to obtain images of fluorophores or other contrast agents at different wavelengths. The obtained images are then used to correct each other, e.g., to remove artifacts in an image of a shorter-wavelength fluorophore that are caused by cross-talk from a longer-wavelength fluorophore. A longer-wavelength image, taken at a focal distance corresponding to the shorter-wavelength fluorophore, is taken and used to subtract the activity of the longer-wavelength fluorophore in the shorter-wavelength image. The longer-wavelength image may be taken using a microscope set to the shorter-wavelength focal distance.

Abstract: A display substrate and a fabrication method thereof, a display panel and a display system are provided. The display substrate includes: a substrate, having a display region; and infrared light detectors, provided on a first surface of the substrate and located within the display region of the substrate. The infrared light detectors are configured to receive an infrared light signal irradiated onto the display substrate and convert the infrared light signal into a current signal; and an irradiation position of the infrared light signal on the display substrate is determined according to the current signal.

Abstract: An inspection device is provided. The inspection device includes a platform, a cage, a holder and an image capturing module. The cage is disposed on the platform, wherein the cage includes a first transparent side and a second transparent side, and the first transparent side and the second transparent side are not coplanar. The holder is disposed in the cage. The image capturing module captures a first image from the first transparent side, and it captures a second image from the second transparent side.

Abstract: An active-source-pixel, integrated device capable of performing biomolecule detection and/or analysis, such as single-molecule nucleic acid sequencing, is described. An active pixel of the integrated device includes a sample well into which a sample to be analyzed may diffuse, an excitation source for providing excitation energy to the sample well, and a sensor configured to detect emission from the sample. The sensor may comprise two or more segments that produce a set of signals that are analyzed to differentiate between and identify tags that are attached to, or associated with, the sample. Tag differentiation may be spectral and/or temporal based. Identification of the tags may be used to detect, analyze, and/or sequence the biomolecule.

Abstract: A method for operating a motion-measuring system of a machine, such as a coordinate-measuring device or a machine tool. An image-recording device arranged on a first part of the machine records at least one recorded image of a second part of the machine. The first part and the second part can be moved in relation to each other. A capturing structure, which is formed by the second part and/or which is arranged on the second part, is captured by the at least one recorded image, and, by using information about an actual appearance of the capturing structure, a speed of the relative motion of the first part and the second part is determined from differences of the at least one recorded image from the actual appearance of the capturing structure.

Abstract: An endoscope system 10 includes: an image acquiring unit 54 that acquires an endoscope image obtained by imaging an observation target; a baseline information calculating unit 82 that calculates baseline information (operation value “Z”) by using the endoscope image, the baseline information being information about light scattering characteristics or light absorbing characteristics of the observation target and information that is at least not dependent on particular biological information; a region setting unit 83 that sets, by using the baseline information, a calculation region in which the index value is to be calculated, the index value indicating a state of the observation target; and an index value calculating unit 84 that calculates the index value in the calculation region set by the region setting unit 83, by using the endoscope image.

Abstract: In one aspect, a visible light sensor of an imaging system captures a visible light image of a subject in which a fluorophore is present. The fluorophore has fluorescence emissions in the visible spectrum and in the near-infrared (NIR) spectrum. An NIR sensor of the imaging system captures an NIR image of the subject in which the fluorophore is present. The imaging system forms a combined image of the visible light image and the NIR image, in part by masking pixels of the visible light image with pixels of the NIR image that are associated with the fluorescence emission of the fluorophore in the NIR spectrum. The imaging system provides the combined image to an electronic display for display.

Abstract: Methods and systems for measurement time distribution for referencing schemes are disclosed. The disclosed methods and systems can be capable of dynamically changing the measurement time distribution based on the sample signal, reference signal, noise levels, and SNR. The methods and systems can be configured with a plurality of measurement states, including a sample measurement state, reference measurement state, and dark measurement state. In some examples, the measurement time distribution scheme can be based on the operating wavelength, the measurement location at the sampling interface, and/or targeted SNR. Examples of the disclosure further include systems and methods for measuring the different measurement states concurrently. Moreover, the systems and methods can include a high-frequency detector to eliminate or reduce decorrelated noise fluctuations that can lower the SNR.

Abstract: Multispectral imaging of samples, in particular of biological tissues. A method for acquisition of fluorescence images and reflection images of an object including alternatingly illuminating the object with at least a first light and a second light, wherein the first light and the second light are spectrally shaped such that at least one light has several spectral regions of high light intensity separated by spectral region(s) of low light intensity, wherein the spectral regions of the first light and the second light with high intensity at least partially do not overlap and wherein at least one of the two lights has at least one region of low light intensity that is of longer wavelength to the neighboring region of high light intensity, and recording at least a first image of the object and a second image of the object while illuminating the object with at least one of the lights.

Abstract: A method for determining change in temperature of an electromagnetically radiating device between un-energized and energized states without contacting the device is disclosed. The method includes establishing a reference image form the device by illuminating the device with an optical signal having a first optical characteristic and capturing the reference image from the device in an un-energized state, establishing an on image form the device by illuminating the device in an energized state, and establishing a modified on image form the device by illuminating the device in the energized state with a modified optical signal having a third illuminating optical characteristic, and comparing the reference image, the on image, and the modified on image to establish changes in reflection as a result of changes in temperature of the device during energization.

Abstract: The present invention suppresses the strength reduction or degeneration of a tissue after the tissue is dried and/or sterilized, for the tissue comprising biological components and the like. Specifically, biological tissue is immersed in a trehalose solution and shaken, thereby impregnating the biological tissue with the trehalose solution. The trehalose solution used here is one obtained by dissolving trehalose in a phosphate buffered saline, the concentration of trehalose being preferably in the range of 20 wt % to 35 wt %. Thereafter, the biological tissue is dried to remove moisture in the biological tissue, and sterilized with ethylene oxide gas.

Abstract: A touch sensing apparatus includes at least one conductive sensing element and a reading device. The conductive sensing element includes a substrate and a conductive sensing layer. The conductive sensing layer is disposed on at least one surface of the substrate. The conductive sensing layer includes a plurality of conductive sensing units and a plurality of transparent conductive wires. An orientation distribution of the conductive sensing units is by a coordinate encoding method to constitute a coding pattern. The coding pattern includes coordinate information. The reading device is actuated on the conductive sensing layer, senses and decodes the coding pattern to analyze the coordinate information. The touch sensing apparatus can perform a digital writing and recording without power supply.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for attaching, detecting and retrieving a single cell on a manipulation medium comprising the steps of: attaching the single cell onto the manipulation medium by applying a carrier liquid; partially drying out the carrier liquid; detecting a property of the single cell by rotating the manipulation medium and scanning a light beam over the manipulation medium; loosening the single cell from the manipulation medium without damaging the single cell by manipulating the single cell with an instrument; and retrieving the single cell from the manipulation medium by aspirating the single cell into a tube, wherein the carrier liquid is dried out to a degree corresponding to that the single cell does not move during the rotation of the manipulation medium and that the single cell can be loosened by the instrument without damaging the single cell. The disclosure further relates to an apparatus for detection and manipulation of one or more object(s).

Abstract: An optical apparatus includes a first optical element and a second optical element capable of separating incident light according to a wavelength of the incident light. The first optical element includes a first separation section having first optical characteristics for reflecting light in a first wavelength band, transmitting light in a second wavelength band, and partially transmitting and partially reflecting light in a third wavelength band. The second optical element includes a second separation section having second optical characteristics for separating incident light that is incident in two wavelength bands including the first wavelength band or the second wavelength band and the third wavelength band into the light in the first wavelength band or the light in the second wavelength band and the light in the third wavelength band according to the wavelength.