Abstract: A manufacturing method of a spring assembly, assembles an annular plate and a compression coil spring. The method includes forming a protrusion having a tapered portion on the annular plate, and inserting a punch including a first portion having a larger diameter than an inner diameter of a tip end of the tapered portion from the tip end side into the protrusion to expand the tip end of the tapered portion. The expansion of the tip end of the tapered portion involves expanding a base portion of the protrusion, which extends the tapered portion and has a larger inner diameter than that of the tip end of the tapered portion, along a surface of an end turn of the compression coil spring.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method of producing an electrical connection to a sheet metal part, in particular to a sheet metal part having a non-conductive or poorly conductive protective layer, using a hollow fastener element which is mounted by means of the riveting or pierce riveting process to the sheet metal part, wherein a terminal lug is attached by means of a screw to the hollow fastener element, i.e. to the sheet metal part. The method is characterized in that the screw which is screwed into the hollow attachment element penetrates the sheet metal part and forms or reforms a thread in the sheet metal part. The disclosure furthermore relates to a component assembly which is produced in accordance with the said method.

Abstract: A symmetrical self-attaching female fastener including a body having a bore, and identical integral tubular barrel portions extending from opposed ends of the body coaxially aligned with the bore. The installation method includes driving either barrel portion through an opening in a panel, which may be formed by piercing the panel with the barrel portion, and simultaneously deforming both barrel portions radially outwardly and inwardly, wherein one barrel portion entraps the panel and the other exposed barrel portion is folded at an acute angle relative to the bore to reduce the overall length of the assembly.

Abstract: A method of securely attaching a plate to a malleable metal rod includes forming an integral, generally annular projection on one end of the rod. An opening through the plate is configured to receive the annual projection on the rod. The annual projection is inserted through the opening in the plate and is permanently deformed radially outwardly to overlie and contact the plate at a plurality of spaced locations. The deformations in the annular projection securely attach the plate to the rod.

Abstract: A method for making a striker for a vehicle door latch produces such a striker having a longitudinal plate-like metal base and a U-shaped metal engaging member including a first leg part, a second leg part and a front connecting part. The first leg part has, at a front side portion thereof, a latch engaging part which is engageable with an engaging recess of a latch of the vehicle door latch device. The first leg part has, at a rear side portion thereof, a reinforced large diameter part with a larger diameter than that of the latch engaging part. A length of the reinforced large diameter part is 20% or more in the length of the first leg part.

Abstract: Formerly, several machines or workstations have been required for bordering and closing creases, especially on pipes used in ventilation technology. The invention provides a machine that can carry out all of the operations without the workpiece having to be rechecked. By positioning the closing wheel (6), known per se, underneath the work surface, all of the operations, including the insertion of a sealing strip, can be carried out precisely and economically at the same workstation. According to a preferred method, a bead is first pressed in the workpiece (100) using a moulding roll (2) and a beading and feeding roll (1). During machining with these hydromechanically driven rolls (2, 1), the workpiece (100) is held in the correct working position. The closing process is carried out from the bottom and enables optimum adjustment of the angle of intervention on the closing wheel (6) and reduces wear.

Abstract: A caulked portion is formed by plastic deformation of a cylindrical portion which is formed at the inner end of a shaft member and is reduced in thickness toward the leading end in a diametrical outward direction. The force required to form the caulked portion is reduced, and the caulked portion is less susceptible to damage. Further, the force of the caulked portion for supporting the inner ring is ensured.

Abstract: A method of assembling together, without welding, first and second pieces of plastically deformable material, said method comprising: in a first step, making a rim hole in the first piece, the hole having a rim with an inside diameter D2i and an outside diameter D2e; a step of making a counterbored hole having two successive diameters in the second piece, said counterbored hole having a first section of small diameter d8 and a second section of large diameter D8, the small diameter d8 being greater than the outside diameter D2e of the rim; a step of inserting said rim into said counterbored hole, an annular gap being defined between the outer annular face of the rim and the inner annular face of the second section of the counterbored hole; and a step of deforming the end portion of the rim so as to occupy at least part of the annular gap; said method comprising prior to the step of deforming the end portion of the rim, a step of inserting centering means in the rim hole, the centering means having a diameter

Abstract: A convertible flange insertion machine for the insertion of a pair of internally threaded flanges into a drum head of a shipping container is disclosed. The machine includes a pair of continuously moving drum head conveyor chains running along conveyor supports and between a pair of tooling dies that upon compression insert flanges into the drum head. A pair of flange conveyors run along side the drum head conveyor and include a pair of side rails with two lips for guiding the lips of flanges according to two different flange styles. The flange conveyors terminate at a lateral transfer mechanism. One lateral transfer mechanism includes an indexer with two pawls that sequentially indexes flanges in a two step procedure over a pair of spring loaded stops and into the receiving pocket of a tooling block. The tooling block places the flanges over the tooling die where a release assembly forces the flanges out of the tooling block and onto the die.

Abstract: A press machine for attachment of eyelets including a simple die configuration capable of allowing the user to easily carry out an eyelet attachment process on a table. The press machine includes a die that enables the dual operation of punching the sheet or fabric for the eyelet as well as attaching the eyelet.

Abstract: The fastener of the fastener and panel assembly includes a body portion received in a panel opening and a tubular barrel having a free end extending radially inwardly and a midportion bowed outwardly having a diameter greater than the panel opening. The body portion has an outside diameter greater than the inside diameter of the panel opening to form an interference fit providing torque resistance and preventing push-through of the fastener. The method of installing a fastener includes inserting the fastener body portion into the panel opening with the barrel received in a first die member and the body portion supported in the panel opening by a second die member. The end of the barrel is deformed radially inwardly and toward the body portion by the first die member and the midportion of the barrel is deformed radially outwardly preventing withdrawal of the fastener element from the panel.

Abstract: A stud electrical connection method is provided that employs a stud having a patterned external surface and a nut operably secured to the stud in a radially compressive manner, wherein the patterned external surface of the stud comprises a nonconductive coating on a portion thereof. Accordingly, installation of the nut onto the stud creates an electrically conductive path between an attached conductive member and a panel.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a built-up camshaft by which the operational safety of the camshaft is ensured in a simple manner in any engine operation and the camshaft can arbitrarily be adapted to abutments which have different positions because of the individual engine construction. At least one cam is pushed onto a hollow shaft, after which the hollow shaft is expanded between the two faces of the cam which extend transversely with respect to the longitudinal course of the hollow shaft and at the respective bearing point by means of a highly pressurized pressure fluid. This fluid is delivered by a lance-shaped probe introduced into the hollow space of the shaft. On the one hand, a press fit occurs between the cam and the hollow shaft and, on the other hand, a bulging of the bearing point of the hollow shaft occurs which bridges the distance between the hollow shaft and the abutment.

Abstract: A mounting plate is provided having at least one protuberance protruding from a face thereof. A bumper is molded around the mounting plate such that an end of the protuberance extends out from the bumper. A mounting cup is also provided having a recess sized and shaped to correspond with the periphery of the lower portion of the bumper, the recess having at least one hole corresponding to the protuberance, and having a means for attaching the jounce bumper assembly to a frame, which means is independent of the protuberance. The bumper is snugly received in the recess such that the end of the protuberance passes through the hole. Relative sliding between the bumper and the mounting cup is inhibited by the snug fit therebetween. The end of the protuberance is then deformed radially outwardly such that the bumper is fixed within the recess of the mounting cup.

Abstract: A jewelry ring assembly includes a base ring having an annular channel on its outer surface and a retained ring disposed in that channel to be freely rotatable about the base ring and capable of wobbling in the channel. The base ring is a single piece of metal and its retaining channel is smoothly concave in width between raised annular edges. The base ring is formed from a cylindrical blank initially having a constant outside diameter across its width, which diameter is smaller than the retained ring inside diameter. The method of fabricating the ring assembly begins with flaring one edge radially outward to a final diameter larger than the retained ring inside diameter. The retained ring is moved over the unflared edge, after which that edge is also flared to the final diameter. Enlarging the annular edges in separate steps permits the base ring to be formed from a single piece of metal while presenting a retaining channel having a smooth concave width.

Abstract: A hollow self-lubricating thrust rivet or fastener is adapted to pivotably fasten first and second members to one another. The fastener is laminated on its outer surface with a self-lubricating or lubricious bearing material such as an organic polymer or plastic material. The bearing material provides the fastener with requisite lubricity to enable the members to rotate about the fastener without requiring application of a discrete lubricant to the interface of the fastener and the members. The fastener thus effectively combines the functions of a conventional fastener and a conventional bearing into a single unitary device. The fastener preferably includes an annular thrust portion laminated with the lubricious bearing material and adapted for placement between the members. The thrust portion effectively eliminates the need for installation of a discrete washer between the members.

Abstract: A press machine for attachment of eyelets including a simple die configuration capable of allowing the user to easily carry out an eyelet attachment process on a table. The press machine includes a die having a rest room for receiving a washer fed from a washer box, a guide hole vertically formed through the rest room, and guide means for guiding the washer to the rest room, a table received in the rest room in such a fashion that it is vertically slidable, the table serving as a punch die for punching a cloth to be attached with eyelets while serving as a support for supporting the washer received in the rest room during an operation for attaching an eyelet to the cloth, a rack vertically mounted to a lower surface of the table in such a fashion that it is vertically slidable through the guide hole of the die in the rest room, a drive motor adapted to provide a drive force to the rack, the drive motor having a pinion engaged with the rack, and a control unit for controlling the drive motor.

Abstract: A tube connection apparatus for use with larger diameter flexible tubing particularly for hazardous material removal comprising an outer tapered sleeve and an inner tapered sleeve that is sized to snugly fit within the outer tapered sleeve and to engage the flexible tubing therebetween. A retainer ring is provided to secure a second flexible tube to the outer tapered sleeve and a transportable wall section which holds the sleeves may be positioned in a passageway of a building and tubing from spaces on either side of the passageway be connected.

Abstract: The method of attaching a fastening element to a metal panel within a panel opening using a die member having an annular concave die cavity. The fastening element includes a tubular riveting portion and a radial flange portion and a fastening portion. The internal and external surfaces of the tubular riveting portion are relatively uniformly inclined toward the radial flange portion such that the thickness of the tubular riveting portion at the free end is less than the thickness adjacent the radial flange portion. In the preferred embodiment, the internal surface of the tubular riveting portion is cylindrical and the external surface is slightly conical tapering inwardly toward the free end to reduce the force required to radially deform the free end of the tubular portion radially outwardly.

Abstract: A method of forming a formlocking connection of two telescopic tubes and including providing in one of the two tubes at two diametrically opposite locations, elongate cut-outs, with the cut-outs having their respective end sides limited by at least one web, providing in another one of the two tubes, at two diametrically opposite locations, longitudinally extending strips extending from an end surface of the another one of the two tubes, inserting into the elongate cut-outs of the one of the two tubes, a forming tool, and thereafter, telescopically connecting the two tubes and pushing the two tubes toward each other so that the strips are pressed against the forming tool which causes the strips to roll over the webs, and a formlocking connection obtained by this method.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a fluid coupling apparatus for communicating fluid between a fluid hose and a heat exchanger. The present invention provides an inexpensive method for producing an integral fluid coupling apparatus that minimizes and eliminates the spacing and clearance required of bending tubular fluid lines and conduits. The method of the present invention utilizes a seamless welded tubing and compresses a portion of the tubing into a hollow rectangular configuration. During the pressing operation, a sphere is inserted into the tubing and aligned with an aperture previously formed in a wall of the tubing. When the tubing is compressed, the sphere is forced through the aperture provided in the tubing, and a raised lip or shoulder is extruded from the portion of the tubing defined in the aperture. A raised lip or shoulder is formed from the extrusion, and the raised lip is inserted through an aperture provided in a wall of the heat exchanger and rolled onto the wall of the heat exchanger.

Abstract: An oil strainer head is attached to an oil suction pipe using a machined bulge flange in the pipe. A connection flange on the oil strainer head is fitted over the lower end of the pipe below the bulge flange. The bulge flange is then crimped in an outward curve to deform the connection flange into a corresponding outward curve captured within the crimped lower end. This structure eliminates the need for reinforcement and welding and produces a strong, non-leaking joint that reduces the number of parts and manufacturing operations.

Abstract: A frame assembly and method of making includes forming a series of pairs of aligned, inwardly extending markings in the form of detents or holes at selected positions in opposed track side walls preferably before forming the sheet metal into the U-shaped profile, providing aligned holes at selected positions in end portions of each stud, inserting the end portion of the stud inside a track so each marking is in an adjacent hole of the aligned pairs of holes and markings, and punching through the markings into each hole to form a hollow stem that draws the end of the stud into the track and the end of the stud against the top surface of the base wall of the track, brings the centers of the holes and markings in alignment to positively fasten each stud to each track. A further step may include flaring or flattening the open end of the stem to a selected angle to form a rivet head.

Abstract: Thin wall metal cans are described having threaded necks for receiving threaded closure to seal contents in the cans. Techniques for forming such threaded cans are also provided.

Abstract: Rotor blades (1) are held by means of toothed roots (3) in correspondingly profiled axial grooves (4) of a rotor wheel rim (5). Between each root end and the base of an axial groove (4), there is formed a radial gap (S) accommodating a rivet (6). Each rivet (6) is centrally guided on two inserts (9, 9') resting against the base of the axial groove (4) in the radial gap (S) and having bent or angled end parts (10, 10') resting against the front and rear faces of the wheel rim (5). Seating wedges (11, 11') surround the upset head (8) and the set head (7) of the rivet (6) and are axially and radially clamped to wedge-shaped complementary surfaces (G, G') of the root end and of the respective insert (9, 9') by riveting. As a result, an improved radial and axial clamping of the rotor blades is achieved.

Abstract: A corporation stop for use with standard tapping equipment includes a threaded stem with an enlarged, conical head for forming a blind side seal. A resilient sleeve member coaxially surrounds a narrow portion of the stem, and a flat compression ring rests coaxially above the sleeve member and has a notch formed radially in its outer edge. A standard saddle having a radially-inward tab is placed on the external sidewall of the conduit about the opening and receives the compression ring, the tab engaging the notch in the compression ring. A clamp nut is engaged with the threaded stem, forcing the compression ring against the resilient sleeve member to forcibly move the upper end of the sleeve member towards the compression ring to form an external seal between the compression ring and the external sidewall of the conduit and force the sleeve member over the enlarged, conical head of the threaded stem to form an internal seal within the lined conduit.

Abstract: A concentric roller pin for use in combination with a roller member of a vacuum cleaner wherein the concentric roller pin includes an inner end, an outer end and an intermediate portion. The inner end of the concentric roller pin is tapered and terminates in a transverse face. The transverse face of the concentric roller pin abuts a corresponding face in a tapered bore of the roller member. The intermediate portion of the concentric roller pin includes an outer knurled surface for securing the concentric roller pin to the roller member. The outer end of the concentric roller pin includes a bearing surface, a bearing lip, and an axial bore. The axial bore of the outer end of the concentric roller pin facilitates deformation thereof for securing a bearing against the bearing lip and the bearing surface.

Abstract: An improved installation apparatus and method of attaching a female fastener element, such as a self-riveting nut fastener, to a metal panel, wherein a small hole is first formed in the panel and the annular riveting portion of the fastener is driven through the hole and locked to the panel. The improved method of this invention includes locating the fastener on the panel, then driving a tapered punch through the fastener board to pierce a small hole in the panel, then driving a conical exterior surface of the punch through the hole, to enlarge the hole, and substantially simultaneously driving the fastener riveting portion against the panel and through the panel opening into a die member to lock the fastener on the panel.

Abstract: For an opening for a container wall, a rivet-shaped protective covering is made and applied by an apparatus. A sheet-like piece of foil is laid down by all applying device on a first wall area bordering the opening. The section overlapping the opening is formed into the opening by a first forming device. A part of the section projects out of the opening at a second wall area bordering the opening. The part of the foil piece projecting out of the opening is formed against the second wall area by a second forming device, whereby the rivet-shaped form of the foil piece is maintained. The rivet-shaped protective covering is affixed permanently to the container wall by an affixing device.

Abstract: Permanent magnets disposed on the outer circumferential surface of a yoke are reliably and efficiently covered with a cylindrical member of fiber-reinforced resin. A covering apparatus has a holding jig for being forced into an insertion end of the cylindrical member and guiding a rotor when the rotor is inserted into the cylindrical member, and a movable jig for being forced with the holding jig into the cylindrical member, engaging a leading end of the rotor, and being inserted together with the rotor into the cylindrical member. The holding jig and the movable jig have teeth for forcibly expanding the cylindrical member radially outwardly to a diameter greater than the diameter of the rotor.

Abstract: Pivot for articulating the load-bearing components of a jack. The pivot comprises a shaft that rotates in a bore. The components are lengths of U section or have lateral flanges or upright edges that overlap in the vicinity of the pivot. The object is to decrease the weight of the jack. Instead of a solid bolt, the axis is a hollow neck (19) stamped through the sides (15 & 17) or flanges (13) of one component and extending through the bore (18) in its counterpart.

Abstract: A cover plate for a gas bag restraining system has a badge bearing an emblem fixed on its front side. The badge has a tubular rivet formed thereon which extends through the cover plate and whose free terminal section is rolled over at the rear side of the cover plate. The rolled over terminal section of the tubular rivet is curved convexly and is directed toward the rear side of the cover plate.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of making a molded part having a sheet metal portion and at lease one fastener coupled to the sheet metal portion. The fastener has a body portion and an annular barrel portion which extends from the body portion. The body portion has a free open end and a bore extending therethrough in generally coaxial alignment with the opening in the barrel portion. The barrel portion free end is driven into the sheet metal to pierce the sheet metal and form a slug from the sheet metal. The barrel is also deformed radially outwardly in mechanical interlocking relation with the panel. The slug which is formed is wedged into the opening of the barrel portion to seal the barrel portion. The sheet metal and barrel portion can then be surrounded with molding material with the slug preventing the molding material from flowing into the bore.

Abstract: A corporation stop has a threaded stem with an enlarged, conical head portion and a neck portion of reduced size coaxially surrounded by a resilient sleeve member. A flat, annular compression ring rests above the sleeve member and has at least one notch formed radially in its outer edge and has on its lower side a sleeve receiving recess of a diameter greater than that of the annular opening to receive the upper end of the sleeve member. A clamp nut is engageable with the neck portion of the threaded stem. A saddle member having at least one tab projecting radially engages the notch in the compression ring.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for assembling materials by means of a riveting member of the type comprising a mandrel (2) and a sleeve (1). The sleeve (1) is provided with a peripheral recess on its external surface, in particular a groove (5), for forming a bending zone, while the mandrel has a head (9) able to deform the tubular end of the sleeve and to fold it back at the level of its bending zone. During riveting, the peripheral recess of the sleeve preserves the starting point of the countersink of the material against any stress and the bending zone of the sleeve permits providing a bearing surface of great dimension applied precisely against the materials.

Abstract: A method of forming a collar backed doubly upset tubing end includes positioning the collar on the tube, gripping the tube in a die and finally positioning the collar coplanar with the die and with a preferred length of tube extending axially beyond the coplanar collar and die faces. The tube end is axially impacted by a frustoconical punch forcing the tube end axially toward the collar while allowing a tube portion intermediate the tube end and the collar to expand radially outwardly. The tube end is then axially impacted for a second and final time with a recessed flat punch to flatten the tube end. Apparatus for performing the method as well as the product produced thereby are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of forming an electrical connection to a conductive metal panel, wherein the connection includes a conductive metal stud having an annular riveting portion, an integral intermediate radial flange portion, and an externally threaded stud portion, a nut member adapted to be threadably received on the stud member shank portion having an end portion adapted to sealingly contact an annular electrical contact surface surrounding the shank portion of the stud member. The method includes threadably assembling the nut member on the stud member shank portion forming an assembly with sealing contact between the member end portion and the stud member contact surface. The assembly is then oriented with the free end of the stud member riveting portion opposite the panel, driving the riveting portion through an opening formed in the panel and deforming the annular riveting portion radially outwardly to rivet the assembly to the panel and form an electrical contact between the stud member and the panel.

Abstract: A concentric roller pin for use in combination with a roller member of a vacuum cleaner wherein the concentric roller pin includes an inner end, an outer end and an intermediate portion. The inner end of the concentric roller pin is tapered and terminates in a transverse face. The transverse face of the concentric roller pin abuts a corresponding face in a tapered bore of the roller member. The intermediate portion of the concentric roller pin includes an outer knurled surface for securing the concentric roller pin to the roller member. The outer end of the concentric roller pin includes a bearing surface, a bearing lip, an axial indentation, and a beveled edge surrounding the axial indentation. The axial indentation and beveled edge of the outer end of the concentric roller pin facilitates deformation thereof for securing a bearing against the bearing lip and the bearing surface.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for hydroforming a dual wall conduit having a controlled size gap between the walls, a frame having an upper crown and a lower bed defining a hydroforming space therebetween, the bed having a slideway extending from the space to a load-unload-preform position out of the space. A mold assembly on the slideway has a lower platen and an upper platen defining at least two hydroforming cavities, one cavity being an elongated preform and semi-finish cavity, and the other cavity being an elongated finish cavity. Mold shifting means is positioned for shifting the mold assembly on the slideway from the position in the space between the crown and bed, to and from the forward load-unload-preform position. Mold closing and preforming hydraulic cylinders are operably connected to the upper mold platen for closing the upper platen onto the lower platen and creating mechanical preforming on dual wall tubular stock in the preform and semi-finish form cavity.

Abstract: A three-piece air horn assembly is provided including a die cast base configured for attachment to a vehicle, an intermediate tube, and a die cast bell, which pieces are interconnected by mechanical connections. In particular, the base includes a cylindrically-shaped hole with front and rear shoulders at each end, the rear shoulder being circumferentially non-uniform, and the tube includes a circumferentially extending ridge engaging the front shoulder and a flared end engaging the rear shoulder. The tube is extended into the hole in the base and the end is then flared into engagement with the non-uniform rear shoulder. Engagement of the flared end into the non-uniform rear shoulder prevents rotation of the tube on the base while the engagement of the flared end and the ridge with the front and rear shoulders, respectively, provides an axially secure connection.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for riveting materials by means of a blind rivet and corresponding blind rivets. The process of the invention in particular carries out the step of stretching the body of the sleeve (31) before blocking it from one part to another of an assemblage (13, 14) between an abutment head (50) and a blocking head (51). The extending of the body of the sleeve is especially permitted by the cooperation of a stop means (44) with a shoulder (36a) of the shank of the mandrel (32), and by the pulling exerted on the mandrel. The present invention also relates to blind rivets adapted to be set by the process of the invention.

Abstract: A method for installing and securing mechanical elements, such as standoffs and pins, in a plate includes the steps of forming suitable apertures for the elements as desired locations in the plate. First ends of each standoff and pin are inserted into their respective apertures with a portion of each standoff and pin extending through the plate. Pressure is applied to the plate, the standoff and the pin to simultaneously secure the elements to the plate. In a preferred embodiment, the end of each standoff extending through the plate is stamped or rolled over to form a retaining flange. The pins are preferably clenched to the plate by pressing an inverted V-shaped ring into the surface of the plate surrounding each pin. An apparatus for installing standoffs and pins in a plate is also provided.

Abstract: A block heater for the cooling fluid of an engine block has a main body with a surrounding flange at the front face for engaging into an aperture in the block. A clamping element attached to the rear face can be actuated by a screw which is rotated from the front face to pull the clamping element into engagement with the inside surface of the block to cooperate with the flange in a clamping action. The clamping member cooperates with the screw to be pulled forwardly. The rear face of the clamping member has a countersink around the threaded bore therethrough and the screw has a bore in the end face thereof so that a portion of the screw material can be worked into a flange surrounding the end of the screw to engage into the countersink portion. This arrangement prevents reverse rotation of the screw from releasing the clamping member for discharge into the engine compartment.

Abstract: An improved installation apparatus and method of attaching a female fastener element, such as a self-riveting nut fastener, to a metal panel, wherein a small hole is first formed in the panel and the annular riveting portion of the fastener is driven through the hole and locked to the panel. The improved method of this invention includes locating the fastener on the panel, then driving a tapered punch through the fastener board to pierce a small hole in the panel, then driving a conical exterior surface of the punch through the hole, to enlarge the hole, and substantially simultaneously driving the fastener riveting portion against the panel and through the panel opening into a die member to lock the fastener on the panel.

Abstract: A machine for setting and forming a Tee-nut, of the type having a threaded sleeve and an open lower end on the sleeve, in a workpiece, and having a cylindrical body having an upper opening and a stop, a pin member slidably received within the body and having a top end die portion defining a forming surface, a first resilient device for urging the pin member in an upper normal position, and a second resilient device disposed concentrically around the pin member.

Abstract: A method of riveting a plurality of panels utilizing a fastener which may then be used to attach a further element to the panel assembly and wherein the fastener is first permanently attached to a first panel for a later attachment to a second or plurality of panels to form the fastener and panel assembly. The fastener is attached to the first panel by piercing a tubular barrel portion through the panel and affixing the first panel in an annular groove in a flange portion surrounding the barrel portion. The groove includes radial ribs preventing rotation of the fastener in the first panel and a radial rib is deformed in an outer surface of the barrel portion preventing pull-out of the fastener. The second and further panels are pre-pierced with a conical lip surrounding the panel opening and received on the barrel portion of the fastener with the conical lip facing the first panel.

Abstract: A perforated hole having a tapered wall is formed in a frame of a loudspeaker. The hole has a plurality of radial ribs on the tapered wall. A projection is provided on a metalic plate. The projection is engaged with the perforated hole and the top of the projection is peened so as to deform the projection, thereby to fasten the frame to the metalic plate.

Abstract: A rotatable connector joint formed by a main joint body having an axial passage and a ring groove, followed by an axial narrowed portion with a bevelled edge, followed by another widened portion, with a supporting wall for a hermetic O-ring used during an insertion of a terminal end of a rotatable joint body into the main joint body. The rotatable joint body includes a supporting wall for the ring, followed by a hexagonal external projection. The rotatable joint body including at its other extremity, a male clamp or a female clamp, with external screw threads or internal screw threads, the latter being equipped with an axial passage and having, at the front extremity, a narrowed portion which, with the insertion of a cylindrical tool with a tapered point, expands the terminal end and accommodates it in the bevelled edge and ring groove of the main joint body, locking the rotatable joint body axially.

Abstract: A method and apparatus capable of forming a dual tube conduit having a predetermined outer tube dimension, a predetermined inner tube dimension, and a predetermined gap between the tubes. A dual tube workpiece may be initially bent in one or more zones to a desired nonlinear configuration, the inner and outer tubes are hydroform expanded simultaneously to obtain the selected inner tube dimension, and the outer tube is then hydroform expanded to the desired outer tube dimension and to the desired gap therebetween, while the inner tube is held constant.

Abstract: The method of attaching a fastening element to a metal panel within a panel opening using a die member having an annular concave die cavity. The fastening element includes a tubular riveting portion and a radial flange portion and a fastening portion. The internal and external surfaces of the tubular riveting portion are relatively uniformly inclined toward the radial flange portion such that the thickness of the tubular riveting portion at the free end is less than the thickness adjacent the radial flange portion. In the preferred embodiment, the internal surface of the tubular riveting portion is cylindrical and the external surface is slightly conical tapering inwardly toward the free end to reduce the force required to radially deform the free end of the tubular portion radially outwardly.