Abstract: The present invention relates to a compensation circuit for providing compensation over PVT variations within an integrated circuit. Using a low voltage reference current source, the compensation circuit generates directly, from an on-chip reference low voltage supply (VDD), a reference current (Iref) that is constant over PVT variations, whereas a detection current (Iz) that is variable over PVT variations is generated by a sensing circuit, which is based on a current conveyor, from a low voltage supply (VDDE?VDD) applied across a single diode-connected transistor (M10) corresponding to a voltage difference between two reference low voltage supplies. Both currents (Iref, Iz) are then compared inside a current mode analog-to-digital converter that outputs a plurality of digital bits. These digital bits can be subsequently used to compensate for PVT variations in an I/O buffer circuit.

Abstract: A flyback converter includes a controller integrated circuit (IC) housed in an IC package with only three terminals. The controller IC is grounded through a ground terminal. A feedback signal is received onto a power terminal. The feedback signal powers the controller IC and is derived from a voltage across an auxiliary inductor of the flyback converter. A switch terminal is coupled to an inductor switch that is turned on by a switch control signal having a frequency and a pulse width. The inductor switch controls the current that flows through a primary inductor of the flyback converter. A switch signal is received onto the switch terminal and is used to generate the inductor switch control signal. The controller IC adjusts the frequency in a constant current mode such that output current remains constant and adjusts the pulse width in a constant voltage mode such that output voltage remains constant.

Abstract: A flyback converter includes a controller integrated circuit (IC) housed in an IC package with only three terminals. An inexpensive TO-92 transistor package can be used. A switch terminal is coupled to an inductor switch that is turned on by a switch control signal having a frequency and a pulse width. The inductor switch controls the current that flows through a primary inductor of the flyback converter. The controller IC adjusts the frequency in a constant current mode such that output current remains constant and adjusts the pulse width in a constant voltage mode such that output voltage remains constant. A power terminal receives a feedback signal that is derived from a voltage across an auxiliary inductor of the flyback converter. The feedback signal provides power to the controller IC and is also used to generate the switch control signal. The controller IC is grounded through a ground terminal.

Abstract: A current sink circuit is disclosed. An apparatus according to aspects of the present invention includes a sensing element, a pass element coupled to the sensing element and a setting element coupled to the pass element. The setting element provides both a voltage threshold level and a current regulation reference. The pass element is to pass current conducted through the current sink circuit in response to the setting element. The current conducted through the current sink circuit is substantially zero when a voltage applied across the current sink circuit is below the voltage threshold level. A signal generated by the sensing element is regulated in response to the current regulation reference by regulating a current conducted through the pass element when a voltage applied across the current sink circuit is above the voltage threshold level.

Abstract: Reference network embodiments are provided for use in pipelined signal converter systems. The network embodiments are fast and power efficient and they generate low-impedance reference signals through the use of a complimentary common-drain output stage, at least one diode-coupled transistor inserted between transistors of the output stage, and a controller. The controller is configured to provide a backgate voltage to the diode-coupled transistor to thereby establish a substantially-constant output current. The controller is further configured to provide gate voltages to the output stage to establish top and bottom reference voltages about the diode-coupled transistor that are spaced from a common-mode voltage. This reference structure maintains a constant output current as the span between the top and bottom reference voltages is selectively altered. In different embodiments, the diode-coupled transistor is replaced with a bipolar junction transistor.

Abstract: An output transistor is provided between an input terminal and an output terminal. An error amplifier adjusts the gate voltage of the output transistor such that the voltage that corresponds to the output voltage approaches a predetermined reference voltage. A fluctuation detection capacitor is provided on a path from the input terminal to a grounded terminal, which sets one terminal thereof to a fixed voltage. A current feedback circuit supplies, to the gate of the output transistor, the current that corresponds to the current that flows through the fluctuation detection capacitor. A clamp circuit clamps the gate voltage of the output transistor. The clamp circuit 30 clamps the gate voltage of the output transistor such that the voltage difference between the gate of the output transistor and the input terminal exhibits a predetermined clamp voltage or more.

Abstract: Circuits and systems including a startup circuit coupled to a reference source for providing startup current to the reference source wherein no transistor of the startup circuit experiences a stress condition and wherein the startup circuit consumes no static current following stabilized, steady-state operation of the reference source.

Abstract: A method of managing power at an element management system for a power sourcing network element and a power sinking network element of an access network is provided.

Abstract: A primary-side regulation (PSR) controller integrated circuit includes a PSR CC/CV controller and a non-volatile shift register. An assembled power supply that includes the integrated circuit is in-circuit tested to determine errors in power supply output voltage and/or current. Programming information is determined and shifted into the shift register. During programming, the power supply regulates to a different output voltage, and the different voltage is used for shift register programming. After programming, the power supply operates in a normal mode so that the output voltage and current are within specification. The voltage and current to which the power supply regulates are set by some of the bits of the programming information.

Abstract: A correcting circuit includes a correction current synthesizer synthesizing a correction current based on an output signal of a sensor, a current adjuster adjusting a determining current which corresponds to a correction amount based on the correction current, and a correction voltage generator generating a correction voltage for correcting a voltage signal based on the determining current, so as to correct an output characteristic of a voltage signal output in correspondence to the output signal of the sensor.

Abstract: A system for providing a desired substantially constant resistance includes a first transistor interconnected between a first node and a second node. The system also includes a second transistor, the second transistor being diode connected, the first transistor and the second transistor forming a current mirror. A voltage divider is coupled to provide a portion of a voltage associated with the first transistor to the second transistor, the voltage divider being configured parallel to the first transistor to provide a substantially constant resistance between the first node and the second node. A current source is coupled to the second transistor, the current source being controlled to draw an amount of current through the second transistor to set the substantially constant resistance substantially equal to the desired substantially constant resistance.

Abstract: A voltage regulator includes an amplifier and a regulation loop. The regulator includes a first PMOS transistor connected to a terminal supplying an input voltage, a second PMOS transistor connected in series with the first PMOS transistor. A node between those two transistors defines an output terminal. A first source of a first polarization current of fixed value is connected to the gate of the first transistor, and a second source of a second polarization current of fixed value connects the second transistor to ground. A third NMOS transistor is connected between the two current sources. A circuit is provided to modify automatically at least one of the polarization currents in relation to the load current.

Abstract: Semiconductor integrated circuit apparatus and electronic apparatus having a leakage current detection circuit where arbitrarily set leakage current detection ratio does not depend on power supply voltage, temperature, or manufacturing variations, and where leakage current detection is straightforward. Semiconductor integrated circuit apparatus extracts a stable potential from the center of two NchMIS transistors, amplifies drain current of an NchMOS transistor taking this potential as a gate potential to a current value of an arbitrary ratio using current mirror circuit, makes this current value flow through NchMOS transistor with the gate and drain connected, and applies drain potential of this NchMOS transistor to the gate of leakage current detection NchMOS transistor.

Abstract: A low drop out voltage regulator, comprising first and second field effect transistors arranged in series between a regulator input and a regulator output; a third field effect transistor co-operating with the first field effect transistor to form a first current mirror; a fourth field effect transistor co-operating with the second field effect transistor to form a second current mirror; first and second control transistors, which advantageously are bipolar transistors connected in series with the third and fourth field effect transistors respectively so as to control the current flowing therein; and a controller for providing a control signal to the first and second bipolar transistor as a function of a voltage at the regulator output.

Abstract: A constant-current circuit and a system power source using this constant-current circuit are disclosed, which can generate plural highly accurate constant currents and supply them as bias currents by reducing variations caused by a change of a manufacturing process and a change of temperature. An operational amplification circuit AMP controls the operation of PMOS transistors M1 and M2 so that negative feedback is applied to a variation of one of currents i1 and i2 flowing from the PMOS transistors M1 and M2 and the variation is canceled.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating a reference voltage in a semiconductor memory apparatus according includes: a first voltage generating unit configured to generate a voltage proportional to temperature; a second voltage generating unit configured to generate a voltage inversely proportional to temperature; and a reference voltage generating unit including a first adjusting unit connected with the first voltage generating unit and a second adjusting unit connected with the second voltage generating unit, configured to select the first adjusting unit or the second adjusting unit according to a difference between a reference voltage obtained by the first voltage generating unit and the second voltage generating unit and a target voltage, and adjust the reference voltage thereby outputting a constant reference voltage regardless of a variation in temperature.

Abstract: A temperature sensing circuit includes first, second and third proportional to absolute temperature (PTAT) units, and first and second subtracters. The first PTAT unit generates a first output voltage based on a reference current and a current of N times the reference current, where N is an emitter current density ratio. The second PTAT unit generates a second output voltage based on a current of twice the reference current and a current of 2N times the reference current. The third PTAT unit generates a third output voltage based on the reference current and a current of N times the reference current. The first subtracter performs subtraction on the second output voltage and the third output voltage, and the second subtracter performs subtraction on an output voltage of the first subtracter and the first output voltage.

Abstract: A power detector having temperature compensation for improved measurement performance includes a pair of rectifier transistors coupled to a differential input signal biased by a first temperature dependent current. An output of the pair of rectifier transistors provides a first component of a differential DC output signal. The first component of the differential DC output signal includes a DC voltage proportional to an amplitude of the differential input signal plus an offset voltage. The power detector further includes a reference transistor biased by a reference current. The reference current includes a second temperature dependent current and a temperature independent offset current for temperature compensation. An output of the reference transistor provides a second component of the differential DC output signal that includes a reference voltage.

Abstract: Provided is a current supply for providing a charge current to a load. The current supply includes: a driving transistor, providing the charge current to the load; a sensing transistor, limiting the charge current; a pulling low transistor, pulling low a controlling node which controls the driving transistor and the sensing transistor; a constant voltage controller, pulling up the controlling node, controlling the conduction state of the driving transistor and accordingly maintaining the voltage across the load at the first reference voltage, when a voltage across the load rises up and comes close to a first reference voltage; and a constant current controller, controlling the controlling node and the pulling low transistor to limit the charge current to be constantly provided to the load, when the voltage across the load drops much lower than the first reference voltage.

Abstract: A method for sensing current independently of variations in operating conditions is provided that includes generating a switch signal at a switching element. A reference signal is generated at a reference signal generator that is operable to track the switching element. A sense signal is generated based on the switch signal. An output current of the switching element is sensed based on a difference between the reference signal and the sense signal.

Abstract: A linear transconductor (LT), for instance for a one-cycle controller (OC), comprises i) an operational amplifier (OA) having non-inverting (+) and inverting (?) inputs, a power supply input intended to be connected to a DC voltage (VBAT), and an output (OO), ii) a voltage divider means (R1,R2) comprising a first terminal defining a transconductor non-inverting input (Vin+) and intended to be connected to a first voltage (Vx), and a second terminal connected to the operational amplifier inverting input (?), iii) a resistor (R3) comprising a first terminal defining a transconductor inverting input (Vin?) intended to be connected to a second voltage and a second terminal connected to the operational amplifier non-inverting input (+), v) first (T1) and second (T2) matched transistors having respective sources connected together and to the operational amplifier power supply input, respective common gates connected to the operational amplifier output (OO), and respective drains, the drain of the first transistor (

Abstract: In a reference voltage generation circuit, a bandgap reference circuit (BGR circuit) 1 includes diode element D1 and D2 having different current densities, three resistive elements R1, R2 and R3, a P-type first transistor Tr1 for supplying a current to a reference voltage output terminal O, a P-type second transistor Tr2 for determining a drain current flowing through the first transistor Tr1 by a current mirror structure, and a feedback type control circuit 11. The BGR circuit 1 is connected to a pull-down circuit 2. The pull-down circuit 2 includes a resistive element R4 and a P-type transistor Tr4 which are connected in series. The resistive element R4 is connected to a drain terminal of the second P-type transistor Tr2. The P-type transistor Tr4 has a gate terminal connected to the reference voltage output terminal O and a grounded drain terminal.

Abstract: A stabilizing current source circuit is provided. The stabilizing current source circuit is used for stabilizing a current provided by a current source, and the current of the current source increases when temperature rises. The stabilizing current source circuit comprises a current source circuit and an adjustment circuit. The current source circuit provides a current that increases when temperature rises. The adjustment circuit is coupled to the current source circuit and provides an input current that increases when temperature rises. The current of the current source is subtracted from the input current to generate a current source current which does not vary with temperature.

Abstract: An LED driving circuit can improve characteristics. A first current increasing circuit 10i4 is constituted of a first slow regulating unit 10i41 and a post-stage first supplying circuit 10i43 and, from a point in time of output switching of a first comparator 10i2, that is, when a set temperature exceeding a reference potential Va is attained, gradually increases a temperature compensated current IT1 (?I1) and thereby suppresses the lowering of emission output. Here, by gradually increasing the temperature compensated current IT1 by making use of charging/discharging functions of a capacitor, etc., that is, by increasing the temperature compensated current IT1 over a longer time than a pulse width that a photodetecting element, onto which light from an LED 11 is made incident, can respond within, pulse width distortion and jitter can be suppressed.

Abstract: Techniques pertaining to a circuit architecture capable of controlling a current source to a predefined precision are disclosed. According to one aspect of the present invention, an automatic trimming circuit is proposed to automatically trim a current generated from a current generator or circuit in accordance with a reference current. The automatic trimming circuit includes a comparator, an ADC and a register. The comparator that may be implemented as a subtractor finds a difference between a generated current and a reference current. The difference is then digitized to an n-bit precision. A digital representation of the difference is then kept in a register and used subsequently correct or modify the generated current to produce a precisely controlled current.

Abstract: There is provided a frequency-variable oscillator that varies, even when a frequency of an input signal is varied, a frequency of an oscillation signal according to the varied frequency of the input signal. A frequency-variable oscillator according to an aspect of the invention includes: a voltage-to-current converter circuit converting a voltage level of an input signal into a current level within a predetermined range; and an oscillator circuit varying a frequency according to the current level from the voltage-to-current converter circuit and oscillating the varied frequency.

Abstract: An integrated electronic device for generating a reference voltage. The circuitry has a bias current generator for generating a first bias current, a diode element coupled to the bias current generator and fed by a second bias current derived from the first bias current for converting the second bias current into a reference voltage across the diode element, a supply voltage pre-regulator stage for regulating the supply voltage used for the bias current generator, and an output buffer coupled to the reference voltage for providing a low impedance output, wherein the reference voltage is coupled to the supply pre-regulator stage for biasing the supply pre-regulator stage by the reference voltage.

Abstract: The disclosed technology provides circuitry for providing a DC output voltage. In accordance with one aspect of the invention, the circuit includes a power connection and a transistor connected to the power connection. A current source coupled to the transistor causes the transistor to pass at least a minimum current. The transistor's gate-to-source voltage can vary based on the current that passes through it, so that the minimum current established by the current source corresponds to a particular gate-to-source voltage. A reference voltage circuit is coupled to the transistor and causes a substantially constant voltage to appear on the gate connection of the transistor. The transistor's source connection carries an output voltage that is based on the gate voltage and the transistor's gate-to-source voltage. In accordance with one aspect of the invention, the DC output voltage circuitry has a substantially flat PSRR across frequencies of interest.

Abstract: A voltage regulation unit with a Zener diode receives a driving voltage outputted from a charge pump and controls a level of the driving voltage to regulate the driving voltage. The voltage regulation unit includes a current mapping unit, a Zener diode and a biasing unit. The current mapping unit receives the driving voltage and generates first and second current signals at master and slave current ends according to the driving voltage, respectively. The diode receives the first current signal and controls the level of the driving voltage to be substantially equal to a predetermined voltage level. The biasing unit receives the second current signal, judges whether the level of the driving voltage reaches the predetermined voltage level according to the second current signal, and outputs a control signal, which is fed back to the charge pump to control the charge pump to generate the driving voltage.

Abstract: A regulated mirror current source circuit has an output transistor, a regulator for controlling the output circuit, and a current mirror having two or more current paths. The first path of the mirror is coupled in series with a current path of the output circuit, and the second path is coupled to the regulator, to provide feedback. The feedback can provide better precision, or reduced component area. The circuit can include cascode transistors, and the regulator can have integral control. The output transistor gate-source voltage is overdriven to reduce “on” resistance of the output transistor. When the output transistor is a high voltage transistor, its area can be reduced without sacrificing compliance.

Abstract: A voltage-insensitive circuit includes a second circuit, and a biasing means for providing a constant bias current to the second circuit, the bias current being insensitive to power fluctuations of the voltage-insensitive circuit.

Abstract: A method includes receiving an activation signal at a semiconductor device and generating an output power signal at the semiconductor device in response to receiving the activation signal. The output power signal has a duty cycle. The method also includes providing the output power signal to a load. The output power signal provides power to the load. An amount of power provided to the load is based on the duty cycle of the output power signal. In addition, the method includes adjusting the duty cycle of the output power signal using at least one of a current limiter and a power limiter integrated in the semiconductor device.

Abstract: A system is disclosed for setting an electrical circuit parameter at a predetermined value. The system comprises a first electrical component having a first electrical parameter associated therewith. Sensing means generate a control signal indicative of the value of the first electrical parameter. A second electrical component has a second electrical parameter associated therewith, the value of which has a predetermined relation to the value of the first electrical parameter. Adjustment means receive the control signal generated by the sensing means; and, in response to the control signal being indicative that the electrical circuit parameter is not at the predetermined value, selectively connects or disconnects at least one further electrical component to or from the second electrical component thereby to provide said predetermined value.

Abstract: A current sink circuit is disclosed. An apparatus according to aspects of the present invention includes a sensing element, a pass element coupled to the sensing element and a setting element coupled to the pass element. The setting element provides both a voltage threshold level and a current regulation reference. The pass element is to pass current conducted through the current sink circuit in response to the setting element. The current conducted through the current sink circuit is substantially zero when a voltage applied across the current sink circuit is below the voltage threshold level. A signal generated by the sensing element is regulated in response to the current regulation reference by regulating a current conducted through the pass element when a voltage applied across the current sink circuit is above the voltage threshold level.

Abstract: A circuit for reference current and voltage generation is provided. The circuit comprises a current bias circuit and a voltage reference circuit. Wherein, the current bias circuit receives an enable signal, provides a reference current, a bias signal and a startup signal when the enable signal is in an enabling state, and provides a first predetermined voltage and a second predetermined voltage when the enable signal is in a disabling state. The voltage reference circuit is electrically coupled to the current bias circuit. In addition, the voltage reference circuit enters into a turned-on state and provides a reference voltage after receiving the bias signal and the enable signal, and enters into a turned-off state after receiving the first and the second predetermined voltages.

Abstract: A constant current generator which includes a first transistor to supply current in accordance with a control signal, a second transistor that is a MOS transistor having an equal impurity type to the first transistor. To supply current to a load in accordance with the control signal, a gate and source of the second transistor are connected to a gate and source of the first transistor, respectively. Also, there is a voltage adjustor to adjust drain voltage of the first transistor in accordance with drain voltage of the second transistor, a constant current generation circuit including a first current source to supply first current to the first transistor through the voltage adjustor, and a level shifter to shift a voltage at a connection node of the voltage adjustor and the constant current generation circuit, output a shifted voltage to each gate of the first and second transistors.

Abstract: A voltage regulator having a MOS transistor driver is disclosed. The voltage regulator comprises a p-channel MOS transistor at a voltage input terminal Vin and a p-channel MOS transistor at a voltage output terminal Vout. A drain of the input side p-channel MOS transistor is connected to the voltage input terminal Vin. A threshold voltage or a voltage lower than the threshold voltage is applied to a gate of the input side p-channel MOS transistor. A drain of the output side p-channel MOS transistor is connected to the voltage output terminal Vout. A current flowing through the input side p-channel MOS transistor drives a voltage regulator circuit and the output side p-channel MOS transistor.

Abstract: In CMOS processing, there may be a case in which a resistance element, such as a poly-silicon resistance, or the like, may be formed which has negative temperature characteristics. In a constant current circuit using this resistance element, a constant current output less affected by the influence of varying temperature is obtained. To a load-side path of a current mirror circuit, a serial connection circuit and a temperature compensation circuit are arranged in parallel each other. The serial connection circuit includes a transistor Q1, a resistance element R1 and a bipolar transistor Q6 and flows a current I1 having positive temperature characteristics. The temperature compensation circuit includes a transistor Q8 and a resistance element R2 and flows a current I2 having negative temperature characteristics. A constant current output based on the sum current I of the currents I1 and I2 is obtained.

Abstract: A biasing circuit comprising a first switching device having a control terminal, and first and second switching terminals. The first switching terminal being connected to a supply voltage, the second switching terminal being connected through a first resistive element to ground, and the control terminal being supplied by a reference voltage which is determined depending on the mode of operation of the circuit. The circuit further comprising a first branch connected between the control terminal and ground comprising a second resistive element in series with a second switching device. The second switching device forming part of a first current mirror having a second branch for effecting a generated bias value. During a normal mode of operation the reference voltage is dependant on the generated bias value, whereas during a standby mode of operation the reference voltage is connected to a low potential.

Abstract: A constant-current circuit includes a first transistor for supplying a current based on a control signal input to a gate of the first transistor so as to serve as a current source, a second transistor for supplying a current to a load based on the control signal input to a gate of the second transistor, a voltage regulation unit for controlling a drain voltage of the first transistor according to a drain voltage of the second transistor, a current detector for detecting a value of a current flowing through the first transistor and output a current according to the detected value, and a controller for controlling each gate voltage of the first and second transistors according to the value detected by the current detector so that the current flowing through the first transistor becomes a predetermined value. The first and second transistors are MOS transistors having the same conductivity.

Abstract: A device for regulating the current intensity of an electric current to be supplied to a load and generated by a current/voltage source is disclosed. In one embodiment, the device includes a semiconductor body, a first electrode, which is connected electrically to the front side of the semiconductor body and can be connected electrically to the current/voltage source, a second electrode, which is connected electrically to the rear side of the semiconductor body and can be connected electrically to the load, a vertical transistor formed in the semiconductor body, by means of which electric current flows between the first and second electrode can be generated/controlled, and a control circuit, which drives the transistor in such a way that the intensities of the current flows between the first and second electrode are regulated to specific values.

Abstract: Constant current power supply arrangements can charge a capacitor with a constant current and are suitable as power supplies for laser diodes. A power supply for a laser diode comprises: a variable voltage power supply, a load path for carrying a laser diode, a shunt path connected in parallel with the load path, a current draining element for switching the shunt path, the current draining element being associated via a first feedback element with the variable voltage power supply such that current drained by the current draining element provides first feedback control of a voltage level of the variable voltage power supply, and a voltage operated second feedback element associated with both the load path and the shunt path to provide second feedback control of the current draining element to drain current via the current draining element in response to current changes at the load.

Abstract: A circuit is used for providing an output current that is proportional to an applied input current with high accuracy. The circuit includes an input circuit, a trimmable coupling circuit and an output circuit. The input circuit receives the input current and generates a reference input current in response to the input current. The trimmable coupling circuit is coupled to the input circuit for receiving the reference input current from the input circuit and for generating a reference output current for the output circuit. The trimmable coupling circuit is operable to achieve a predetermined ratio of the reference input current to the reference output current by causing internal terminals of the trimmable coupling circuit to settle to a substantially equal value. The output circuit receives the reference output current and outputs the output current in response to the receipt of the reference output current.

Abstract: A bandgap reference circuit, taking two or more power supplies as the input power supply for outputting a reference voltage, includes a first reference circuit, a second reference circuit, a power selection circuit and a switch circuit. The first and second reference circuits receive two respective power supplies for producing first and second voltages, respectively. As the power selection circuit takes the first power voltage level as the input voltage, the power selection circuit outputs a first control signal; while the power selection circuit takes the second power voltage level as the input voltage, the power selection circuit outputs a second control signal. The switch circuit is coupled to the power selection circuit, the first reference circuit and the second reference circuit. As the switch circuit receives the first control signal, it outputs the first voltage; while the switch circuit receives the second control signal, it outputs the second voltage.

Abstract: A discharge device and DC power supply system for preventing erroneous operation of a series regulator. The discharge circuit includes a voltage comparison circuit for comparing input power supply voltage and output power supply voltage of the series regulator. The voltage comparison circuit includes first and second transistors. The collector terminal of the second transistor is connected to the drain terminal of a fourth transistor and to the gate terminal of a fifth transistor. The fifth transistor has a drain terminal, which is connected to the output terminal of the series regulator, and a source terminal, which is grounded. Third and fourth transistors operate when the input power supply voltage is greater than the activation voltage. The drain terminal of the fourth transistor is grounded via a resistor, and the voltage of the fourth transistor is supplied to the gate terminal of the fifth transistor.

Abstract: In an input transistor of current mirror circuit, it is intended to prevent the current generated by Early effects from appearing in the output current of the current mirror circuit. Having an Early voltage detector 22 of same connection and structure as a driver circuit 21, and connected in parallel to the driver circuit 21, the current flowing in input transistor Q9 of the Early voltage detector 22 is detected. Output current (current IQ11) of Early voltage detector 22 is added to input current (current IQ5) of driver circuit 21. As a result, in input current (current IQ7) of current mirror circuit 25, current ? due to Early voltage effects can be canceled. At the same time, current ? due to Early voltage effects generated in input transistor Q5 of current mirror circuit 25 is prevented from appearing in output current (current IQ8) of current mirror circuit 25.

Abstract: A voltage regulation unit with a Zener diode receives a driving voltage outputted from a charge pump and controls a level of the driving voltage to regulate the driving voltage. The voltage regulation unit includes a current mapping unit, a Zener diode and a biasing unit. The current mapping unit receives the driving voltage and generates first and second current signals at master and slave current ends according to the driving voltage, respectively. The diode receives the first current signal and controls the level of the driving voltage to be substantially equal to a predetermined voltage level. The biasing unit receives the second current signal, judges whether the level of the driving voltage reaches the predetermined voltage level according to the second current signal, and outputs a control signal, which is fed back to the charge pump to control the charge pump to generate the driving voltage.

Abstract: A circuit includes a current generator, a start-up circuit coupled to provide a start-up current to the current generator during a start-up phase of the current generator, and a cut-off circuit coupled to both the current generator and to the start-up circuit to provide a control signal that reduces the start-up current when an output current from the current generator exceeds a threshold value.

Abstract: A voltage generation circuit comprises a reference voltage generation circuit; a differential amplifier; an output node; a P-channel MOS transistor; a first resistor series; a second resistor series; a third resistor series; and a selection control circuit. A reference voltage generated by the reference voltage generation circuit is input to a first input terminal of the differential amplifier. The first resistor series is connected between a drain of the P-channel MOS transistor and the output node. The second resistor series is connected between the output node and a second input terminal of the differential amplifier. The third resistor array is connected between the second input terminal of the differential amplifier and a ground.

Abstract: A current sharing apparatus and a method thereof are provided. The current sharing apparatus comprises an input terminal, an output terminal, a current-sharing control terminal, a pass transistor, a constant voltage generating unit, a feedback control circuit and a current-sharing control unit. The current-sharing control terminal provides a current-sharing control interface. The pass transistor receives an input voltage and provides an output voltage and an output current. The feedback control circuit senses the output current to provide a current-sense signal and regulates a control signal of the pass transistor for controlling an output of the current-sharing apparatus. Moreover, the current-sharing control unit electrically coupled to the current-sharing control terminal and the feedback control circuit generates a bus signal in response to the current-sense signal and a reference voltage and generates a reference signal in response to the reference voltage, the bus signal and the current-sense signal.