Abstract: A magnetic sensor includes first to third detection units for detecting components in X, Y, and Z directions of an external magnetic field. A reference plane orthogonal to the Z direction includes first to third regions formed by vertically projecting the first to third detection units thereonto. The first region includes two partial regions located on opposite sides of the third region in a direction parallel to a first straight line, and the second region includes two partial regions located on opposite sides of the third region in a direction parallel to a second straight line, the first and second straight lines being two mutually orthogonal straight lines that pass through the centroid of the third region and are perpendicular to the Z direction.

Abstract: A position determination device, for example for indoor positioning, includes data input circuitry configured to obtain at least one magnetic field vector sensed by a magnetic sensor, data processor circuitry configured to determine the magnetic magnitude and a further magnetic parameter of the at least one obtained magnetic field vector, comparison circuitry configured to compare the determined magnetic magnitude with a predetermined magnetic magnitude map of a region around the magnetic sensor to obtain a first estimate of the sensor position and to compare the determined further magnetic parameter with a corresponding predetermined further parameter map of a region around the magnetic sensor to obtain a second estimate of the sensor position, and position determination circuitry configured to weight the first and second estimates of the sensor position according to determined weight information and to determine the sensor position from the weighted first and second estimates.

Abstract: In the field of Rogowski coils for the measurement of current within a conductor there is provided an electrical interface for connection to a Rogowski coil arranged around a primary conductor. The electrical interface includes an input that is configured to sample an input voltage signal from the Rogowski coil. The electrical interface also has an integrator circuit which includes an integrator module that is configured to integrate the sampled input voltage signal to provide an output voltage signal from which can be derived a primary current flowing through the primary conductor. The integrator module employs a transfer function that includes an attenuation factor.

Abstract: A method for placing a set of one or more markers in a luminal network in a patient's body includes using at least one hardware processor for receiving image data of the anatomy of a luminal network of a patient and a location of at least one target in the luminal network anatomy; obtaining a rule set defining one or more rules for placing the set of one or more markers in the luminal network anatomy and with respect to the at least one target; during a survey performed by a user via a navigation system in a portion of the luminal network surrounding the at least one target, acquiring, via the navigation system, sample-locations in the surveyed portion of the luminal network; and identifying a set of one or more marker locations for placing the set of one or more markers from the acquired sample-locations, which complies with the rule set.

Abstract: In a particular illustrative embodiment of the present invention, an inter-island power transmission system is disclosed. An electronic box is placed on each end of a medium voltage three phase power cable running between two islands. The electronic box senses an open cable on the three phase cable and switches to direct current power transmission on the remaining two good cables. The direct current power is converted back to three phase power transmission on the receiving end of the direct current power.

Abstract: A calibration system comprising: a Helmholtz device comprising thee pairs of coils defining an inner volume, wherein each of the three pairs of coils is configured to generate a magnetic field that is uniform throughout the inner volume; a mount configured to accept a device that includes a magnetic sensor, wherein at least a portion of the mount is positioned within the inner volume such that the magnetic sensor is positioned at or near a center of the inner volume when the device is positioned on the mount; and a computer system configured to communicate with the Helmholtz device and the magnetic sensor, wherein the computer system is configured to: provide instructions to cause each of the three pairs of coils to generate a magnetic field; receive signals from the magnetic sensor that are based on characteristics of the magnetic fields received at the magnetic sensor; measure, based on the signals received from the magnetic sensor, one or more characteristics of the magnetic sensor; and determine, using a

Abstract: A current sensor includes a conductor including first and second flow path portions that are branched, the first flow path portion being a portion in which a portion of a current to be measured flows and the second flow path portion being a portion in which another portion of the current flows, a first magnetic sensor to detect a strength of a first magnetic field generated by the current flowing in the first flow path portion, a second magnetic sensor to detect a strength of a second magnetic field generated by the current flowing in the second flow path portion, and magnetic shield bodies between the first and second flow path portions and between the first and second magnetic sensors.

Abstract: A sensor assembly includes first and second sensor packages adjacent to one another and directly overmolded with an overmold material without being attached to a carrier structure. The first sensor package includes a first sensor die, a first set of connector pins electrically connected to the first sensor die, a first housing in which the first sensor die is located, the first housing having first and second surfaces spaced apart from one, and a first component positioned in proximity to the second surface of the first housing. The second sensor package includes a second sensor die, a second set of connector pins electrically connected to the second sensor die, a second housing in which the second sensor die is located, the second housing having third and fourth surfaces spaced apart from one another, and a second component positioned in proximity to the fourth surface of the second housing.

Abstract: A system for monitoring and/or recording a position of a tool in an elevator shaft includes a position measuring system for measuring a position of the tool relative to an elevator car; a height measuring system for measuring a height of the elevator car in the elevator shaft; and an evaluation system designed to receive measured data from the position measuring system and the elevation measuring system and to determine a position of the tool relative to the elevator shaft from the measured data.

Abstract: The present invention aims to make it capable of holding organs more safely. Provided is a medical support arm apparatus, including: an arm unit (510) whose driving is controlled by force control; and a retractor, provided on a front end of the arm unit (510), that holds an organ of a patient during surgery.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for s sensor having magnetic field sensing elements coupled in a differential bridge and a signal processor configured to receive signals from the bridge to determine a distance from the magnetic field sensing elements to a magnet from flux line divergence of magnetic flux generated by the magnet.

Abstract: A first decision unit of an AC leakage detection section outputs a first output signal with a signal level depending on the level of a corrected first voltage signal output from a correction unit relative to a first threshold value. An excitation unit of a DC leakage detection section applies, to an excitation coil, an excitation voltage having an excitation frequency. A DC component detection unit outputs a second voltage signal representing magnitude of a DC component of the voltage obtained by a current-detecting resistor. A second decision unit outputs a second output signal having a voltage level depending on the level of the second voltage signal relative to a second threshold value. The DC leakage detection section includes a low-pass filter provided between an input terminal electrically connected to a connection point between the excitation coil and the current-detecting resistor and the excitation coil.

Abstract: A circuit includes a Superconducting Quantum Interference Array (SQIF), a bias circuit, and a coil. The SQIF generates an output voltage that is a transfer function of the magnetic flux perpendicularly passing through the SQIF. An external magnetic field and a bias magnetic field supply the magnetic flux. The bias circuit generates a bias current for biasing the SQIF at an operating point. The coil generates the bias magnetic field through the SQIF from the bias current of the bias circuit. The bias magnetic field provides nullifying feedback to the SQIF that counterbalances a low-frequency portion of the external magnetic field, such that the output voltage of the SQIF detects a high-frequency portion of the external magnetic field. The circuit can be a receiver with the output voltage of the SQIF detecting an electromagnetic signal while the receiver is moving with changing orientation relative to the Earth's magnetic field.

Abstract: A system for calibrating an electromagnetic navigation system is provided. The system includes an antenna assembly having a substrate, multiple pairs of transmit coils, multiple receive coils, multiple input terminals, and multiple output terminals. The substrate includes multiple layers, and each of the transmit coils is deposited on a respective one of the layers and each of the receive coils is deposited on another respective one of the layers. Each of the pairs of transmit coils corresponds to a respective one of the receive coils. Each of the transmit coils is coupled to a respective one of the input terminals, and each of the receive coils is coupled to a respective one of the output terminals.

Abstract: Provided is a magnetic field detection device that includes a first and second soft magnetic bodies, and a magnetic detector. The first and second soft magnetic bodies extend along a first plane and are disposed in confronted relation in a third direction. The first plane includes both a first direction and a second direction orthogonal to the first direction. The third direction is orthogonal to both the first and second directions. The magnetic detector is provided between the first and second soft magnetic bodies in the third direction.

Abstract: A wireless energy transfer system includes a foreign object debris detection system. The system includes at least one wireless energy transfer source configured to generate an oscillating magnetic field. The foreign object debris may be detected by at least one field gradiometer positioned in the oscillating magnetic field. The voltage of the at least one field gradiometer may be measured using readout circuitry and a feedback loop based on the readings from the gradiometers may be used to control the parameters of the wireless energy source.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to the field of zero-field paramagnetic resonance magnetometer (ZF-PRM). A sensitive ZF-PRM capable of measuring magnetic field in three orthogonal directions simultaneously and method of measuring magnetic field in three orthogonal directions is described. The ZF-PRM provides three independent output signals proportional to the three orthogonal vector components of the magnetic field using a single vapor cell, thus reducing complexity and cost of the magnetometer. Because all three magnetic components are measured at substantially the same location at the same time, the accuracy of data is greatly increased.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure are directed to systems, apparatuses, and methods for detecting and correcting for magnetic field distortions within a magnetic field used for medical magnetic localization systems.

Abstract: To provide a surface characteristics evaluation apparatus and a surface characteristics evaluation method that evaluate the residual stress in a steel material subjected to a surface modification treatment by considering the distribution thereof in the depth direction. The surface characteristics evaluation apparatus includes an oscillator, a detector, and a measuring instrument. The steel material is placed to abut against or close to a coil in the detector. The oscillator applies an alternating current to the coil, and computation is performed based on a signal indicating an electric characteristic of the coil. The residual stress in the steel material is evaluated by performing this operation while successively changing the frequency of the alternating current. The coil is configured to have a self-resonant frequency higher than the operating frequency.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for an integrated circuit having first and second domains with an insulative material electrically isolating the first and second domains. A conductive shield is disposed between the first and second domains and a current sensor has at least one magnetoresistive element proximate the shield to detect current flow in the shield due to breakdown of the insulative material.

Abstract: A magnetic permeable member and a current detection device which can detect current in a wide range by a magnetic field detection element at low cost are provided. A magnetic permeable member includes a closed portion and an opened portion. Thus, when the large current flows through a bus bar, the magnetic field is less likely to be strong at the opened portion, thus the large current is easily detectable by a magnetic field detection element arranged at the opened portion. When the small current flows through the bus bar, the magnetic field is more likely to be strong at the closed portion, thus the small current is easily detectable by a magnetic field detection element arranged at the closed portion. Consequently, the magnetic field detection elements can be commonalized to reduce the cost, while allowing the detection of the current in a wide range.

Abstract: A method of inducing spin polarization in an analyte is provided. The method exposes 14N spin defect centers embedded within 25 nm of a diamond surface to a magnetic field while an analyte is near the surface. The 14N spin defect centers are polarized by treatment with an electromagnetic wave protocol having a visible light pulse (p0); a microwave pulse (mw1), a radio frequency pulse (rf1), a microwave pulse (mw2) and a radio frequency pulse (rf2) resulting in polarization of the nuclear spins of the 14N spin defect centers. Polarized spins in the 14N spin defect centers induce spin polarization in the analyte.

Abstract: A parking inventory management system includes a sensor apparatus with at least one magnetometer configured to generate a magnetic signature of a vehicle as it drives across the sensor apparatus. A computing device performs an analysis of the magnetic signature of the vehicle as received from the at least one magnetometer, the analysis including at least comparing the magnetic signature of the vehicle as received from the at least one magnetometer to known magnetic signatures of known vehicles. The computing device performs the analysis of the magnetic signature of the vehicle by comparing the magnetic signature of the vehicle to each of the known magnetic signatures of known vehicles to thereby determine a direction of travel of the vehicle based upon the comparison.

Abstract: A MEMS triaxial magnetic sensor device includes a sensing structure having: a substrate; an outer frame, which internally defines a window and is elastically coupled to first anchorages fixed with respect to the substrate by first elastic elements; a mobile structure arranged in the window, suspended above the substrate, which is elastically coupled to the outer frame by second elastic elements and carries a conductive path for flow of an electric current; and an elastic arrangement operatively coupled to the mobile structure. The mobile structure performs, due to the first and second elastic elements and the arrangement of elastic elements, first, second, and third sensing movements in response to Lorentz forces from first, second, and third magnetic-field components, respectively. The first, second, and third sensing movements are distinct and decoupled from one another.

Abstract: Different approaches for providing increased redundancy in determining a position of a rotating member, for example, a motor shaft, with galvanically isolated sensors. In one aspect, two separate on-axis sensing chips are positioned in line with one another on a PCB but each on opposite sides or surfaces of the PCB. Respective sensing surfaces are essentially parallel to one another. Advantageously, greater electrical isolation is provided by placing the two sensors on opposite sides of the PCB.

Abstract: A touch sensor includes: a plurality of electrodes; and a plurality of sensing wires connected with the respective electrodes, and formed by extending in a first direction, wherein at least one of the electrodes includes a resistance element which has a shape that is at least partially bent in a unit electrode region and has a resistance value that is changed to correspond to a pressure of a touch. A touch location and pressure can be sensed with the same elements, so that the touch sensor may have increased function yet remain thin.

Abstract: A coreless current probe has a body defining an opening. A conductor carrying a current to be measured can be accommodated in the opening. At least three coreless single point magnetic field sensors are distributed in or on the body around the opening. The sensors are arranged so that the sum of the outputs each with appropriate weighting is zero in any homogenous field and with no enclosed current. The sensors outputs have differing weightings so as to maximize rejection by the probe of external magnetic fields.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed for using magnetic signatures at predetermined positions along a roadway to monitor traffic travelling along the roadway by comparing the predetermined magnetic signatures with magnetic signatures being dynamically and continuously measured by each vehicle as they travel along the roadway. Magnetometers incorporated into mobile devices or otherwise incorporated within the vehicle measure magnetic signatures for comparison to the predetermined magnetic signatures that form a connection graph or database of points that correspond to possible paths along a roadway. When a magnetic signature match is made, the system recognizes that the vehicle has passed a particular point on a roadway and forwards that information to the appropriate entity for further processing, analysis, or toll assessment.

Abstract: The invention relates to a circuit or microchip for the detection of poor sources of (or very weak) electrical and/or magnetic fields. In one embodiment a device of the present invention includes a microchip consisting of a plate with a plurality of cells, each cell includes a crystal suspended in a semiconducting polymer and piece of metal wire. The cell is insulated by another polymer. A voltage is applied to parallel wires running on each side of the cell, thus inducing a first (or static, or initial) voltage when measured from the cell to the wire. Changes in magnetic or electrical fields are detected by noting a change in voltage from the cell, which is caused by the crystal changing orientation due to the change in the field the circuit is subjected to.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable media for calibrating an electromagnetic navigation system are provided. A signal having a first magnitude value and a first phase value is received by way of a receiving antenna. A non-calibrated in-phase component and a non-calibrated quadrature component are computed based on the first magnitude value and the first phase value. A calibrated phase value is computed based on the non-calibrated in-phase component and the non-calibrated quadrature component, and a calibrated in-phase component is computed based on the calibrated phase value, the non-calibrated in-phase component, and the non-calibrated quadrature component. A calibrated quadrature component is computed based on the calibrated phase value, the non-calibrated in-phase component, and the non-calibrated quadrature component, and a calibrated magnitude value is computed based on the calibrated in-phase component.

Abstract: A current sensor includes a main current path in which a main current flows, an auxiliary current path in which an auxiliary current flows, a magnetic detection element detecting intensity of a magnetic field in a magnetic detection direction and disposed around a detection target portion which is a part of the auxiliary current path, and a magnetic shield member disposed to surround the detection target portion and the magnetic detection element. The current sensor is configured to measure a magnitude of the auxiliary current flowing through the detection target portion based on the intensity of the magnetic field detected by the magnetic detection element. The auxiliary current path branches from the main current path and has a smaller cross-sectional area than that of the main current path.

Abstract: A dielectric constant microscope to observe a shape of a micro organic specimen includes first and second insulating films that are disposed to oppose each other such that the organic specimen along with the solution is interposed therebetween, and application-side conductive films P1 to Pn (where n is an integer greater than 1). The application-side conductive films are separated from each other on an outward surface of the first insulating film. Additionally, the dielectric constant microscope includes measurement-side conductive films p1 to pm (where m is an integer greater than 1) that are separated from each other on an outward surface of the second insulating film.

Abstract: Provided is a semiconductor integrated circuit that improves insulation reliability between a high-voltage circuit and a low-voltage circuit. The semiconductor integrated circuit includes the following: a first circuit controlled by a control signal of low voltage and driven at a higher voltage; a second circuit configured to output the control signal to the first circuit to control the driving of the first circuit; and an insulation circuit including insulating elements connected to each other in series, the insulation circuit connecting between the first and the second circuits in series. The insulation circuit is configured to magnetically or capacitively couple the control signal in each insulating element to transmit the control signal from the second circuit to the first circuit, and is configured to insulate the first circuit from the second circuit in each insulating element to prevent the higher voltage from being applied between the first and second circuits.

Abstract: A magnetic detection device that is reduced in size and thickness, but also accurate, includes a substrate and an element disposed on the substrate and including a magneto-sensitive wire sensing an external magnetic field component in an extending direction and a detection coil looping around the magneto-sensitive wire. The magnetic detection device further includes a magnetic field deflector deflecting an external magnetic field around the magneto-sensitive wire, and having a nonmagnetic material core part and a soft magnetic material shell part covering an outer side of at least part of the core part. The magnetic field deflector has a hollow, rather than solid, structure of soft magnetic material. The soft magnetic material volume is therefore significantly smaller, and the hysteresis caused in the magnetic field deflector is remarkably reduced. With the magnetic detection device, the magnetic field component orthogonal to the substrate is also detected with higher accuracy.

Abstract: Translational data acquired by at least one seismic sensor is received. Gradient sensor data acquired by at least one gradient sensor is received. Estimated translational data at a position away from at least one position of the at least one seismic sensor is computed, where the computing is based on the gradient sensor data and the translational data.

Abstract: A localization device using a magnetic field for positioning a moving object is provided. The localization device includes a magnetic landmark, a set of at least four tri-axes magnetic sensors mounted on the moving object, and a logic operation processing unit. The set of at least four tri-axes magnetic sensors forms four non-coplanar points in a three-dimension coordinate system. The logic operation processing unit is connected to the set of at least four tri-axes magnetic sensors. The set of at least four tri-axes magnetic sensors senses the magnetic field of the magnetic landmark and generates at least four magnetic signals transmitted to the logic operation processing unit.

Abstract: In an approach for providing simulation results of an interaction between a transducer head and a magnetic medium, a computer identifies a first raster scan of a sample via a scanning probe microscope. The computer generates a topography image based on the first raster scan of the sample. The computer identifies one or more reference features within the created topography image. The computer calculates an average height based on the one or more reference features. The computer determines a lift distance associated with a probe of the scanning probe microscope. The computer defines a uniform plane based on the calculated average height and the determined lift distance. The computer performs a second raster scan of the sample based on the defined uniform plane. The computer generates a fly-height image based on the second raster scan. The computer provides simulation results based at least in part on the second raster scan.

Abstract: A minute magnetic body detecting sensor includes: a magnetic impedance element, with two magneto-sensitive bodies disposed in substantially two-dimensional directions such that an angle formed by respective sensitive axes is substantially 90 degrees; and a signal processing device, including a signal processing circuit, processing and amplifying damped oscillating voltages output by the two magneto-sensitive bodies that detected a local magnetic field due to a minute magnetic body that is a foreign substance, two square operating elements, squaring output signals, an adder, adding the squared signals, and a square root operating element, performing square root computation on the addition output and outputting a square root output, and enables high-precision detection of existence or non-existence of a minute magnetic body without detection overlooking.

Abstract: A magnetic sensor device comprises a magnetic sensor chip that has a substantially rectangular shape and that contains a magnetic sensor element; and a sealing body, which is composed of a resin material containing magnetic particles and that integrally seals the chip. The chip includes a first and second side surfaces which are mutually opposite to each other, and a third and fourth side surfaces which are mutually opposite to each other and orthogonal to the first and second side surfaces. The sealing body contains first to forth sealing parts. The thicknesses of the first and second sealing parts are smaller than the particle diameter of the particles, and the thickness of at least the third sealing part is larger than the particle diameter of the particles. The particles exist in at least the third sealing part and substantially do not exist in the first and second sealing parts.

Abstract: A magneto-sensitive wire for a magnetic impedance sensor and a method of manufacturing the same are provided which can prevent generation of abnormal noise in an output voltage and deterioration in hysteresis characteristics and enable higher-accuracy measurement than conventional magneto-sensitive wires. The magneto-sensitive wire (1) comprises an amorphous wire for detecting magnetism. The magnetic impedance sensor (6) has the magneto-sensitive wire (1) and a detection coil (3) around the magneto-sensitive wire (1). The magnetic impedance sensor (6) is configured to apply a pulse current to the magneto-sensitive wire (1) and detect a voltage generated in the detection coil (3) thereby capable of measuring strength of a magnetic field. The voltage has magnitude in response to strength of an external magnetic field. The magneto-sensitive wire (1) is a Co-based amorphous wire manufactured using an in-rotating liquid spinning method and finished by wire drawing.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate having a plurality of Hall elements formed therein, and a magnetic body formed on the semiconductor substrate and having a magnetic flux converging function. The contour in a vertical cross section of the magnetic body on the semiconductor substrate has an outer circumferential portion. At least a part of the outer circumferential portion has a curve-shaped portion and a portion substantially parallel to the semiconductor substrate. A gap is formed between the semiconductor substrate and the portion of the magnetic body that is substantially parallel to the semiconductor substrate, and the gap lies above the entire top surfaces of the Hall elements. The magnetic body has at least a part of a structure made of non-magnetic substance embedded therein.

Abstract: A magnetic field sensor includes a magnetic detection element that includes a magnetic material causing a magnetic impedance effect and a bias coil applying a bias magnetic field to the magnetic material, a high-frequency oscillation circuit that supplies a high-frequency current to the magnetic material, an AC bias circuit that supplies an AC bias current to the bias coil, and a detection circuit that sets a reference point corresponding to an extreme impedance position in a characteristic of the magnetic detection element in the state of no application of an external magnetic field and outputs an electric signal changing in response to an impedance change amount from the reference point. The detection circuit includes an amplitude detection circuit which detects an amplitude of the electric signal at a timing of each vertex in which at least a voltage change direction of the electric signal changes.

Abstract: A connector device includes: a connection terminal including a first terminal connection portion electrically connected to a first counterpart terminal, a second terminal connection portion electrically connected to a second counterpart terminal, and a coupling portion having a flat plate shape, disposed between the first terminal connection portion and the second terminal connection portion electrically connected between the first terminal connection portion and the second terminal connection portion; a current sensor configured to measure current flowing in the coupling portion on the basis of magnetic flux according to the current; and a casing including a first housing portion housing the second terminal connection portion, and a second housing portion housing the coupling portion and the current sensor.

Abstract: A connector device includes: a connection terminal including a first terminal connection portion electrically connected to a first counterpart terminal, a second terminal connection portion electrically connected to a second counterpart terminal, and a coupling portion having a flat plate shape, disposed between the first terminal connection portion and the second terminal connection portion electrically connected between the first terminal connection portion and the second terminal connection portion; a current sensor configured to measure current flowing in the coupling portion on the basis of magnetic flux according to the current; and a casing including a first housing portion housing the second terminal connection portion, and a second housing portion housing the coupling portion and the current sensor.

Abstract: The gradiometers of the present invention are developed by applying GSR sensors to have the detectability of magnetic field same to that of SQUID without a cryogenic temperature retainer. Plural GSR elements are fitted on two parallel convex line guides of the gradiometer board using two parallel concave line guides of the GSR element board to keep the parallel among wires direction of GSR elements perfectly and to cancel the outside magnetic field noise without a magnetic shield room.

Abstract: Systems and techniques are provided for guided installation feedback for an opening sensor. Detected magnetic field strengths of a magnetic field created by a magnet of an opening sensor as detected by a magnetometer sensor of the opening sensor may be received over a time period. It may be determined that there has been a change in the strength of the magnetic field created by the magnet as detected by the magnetometer sensor based on the received detected magnetic field strengths. Accelerometer data from an accelerometer disposed in the magnetometer sensor may be received. It may be determined from the accelerometer data that the magnetometer sensor was not moving and positive feedback may be provided to an installer of the opening sensor, or it may be determined from the accelerometer data that the magnetometer sensor was moving and negative feedback may be provided to the installer of the opening sensor.

Abstract: A low profile magnetoresistive imaging sensor array based on the principle of magnetic induction, which reduces a distance between a medium imaging sensor array and a medium by optimizing the arrangement of an application integrated circuit and a sensing element array and using an electric connection technology which can reduce the distance between the medium imaging sensor array and the medium, thereby increasing the resolution of the existing medium imaging sensor. The low profile magnetoresistive imaging sensor array includes a sensing element array and an application integrated circuit, and also includes a circuit which provides a power for the sensing element array, a magnetoresistive sensing element array selection circuit, a signal amplification circuit, a digitizer, a memory circuit, and a microprocessor. Additionally, the sensing element array includes at least one magnetoresistive sensing element.

Abstract: A power module has upper and lower transistor dies carried by a lead frame assembly. The assembly has a positive DC paddle for the upper die and an AC paddle for the lower die. An upper plate interconnects a second side of the upper die with the AC paddle, and a lower plate interconnects a second side of the lower die with a negative power bar. Current flowing via positive and negative power bars defines a power loop creating a main magnetic flux with a first direction in a central region and a return direction outside the central region. The upper and lower plates have outer edges having respective notches to concentrate respective portions of a return magnetic flux. Each die has a gate pad connected in a gate loop, wherein the gate loops each overlap a respective concentrated return flux thereby enhancing a common source inductance for each transistor.

Abstract: A parking inventory management system includes a sensor apparatus with at least one magnetometer configured to generate a magnetic signature of a vehicle as it drives across the sensor apparatus. A computing device performs an analysis of the magnetic signature of the vehicle as received from the at least one magnetometer, the analysis including at least comparing the magnetic signature of the vehicle as received from the at least one magnetometer to known magnetic signatures of known vehicles. The computing device performs the analysis of the magnetic signature of the vehicle by comparing the magnetic signature of the vehicle to each of the known magnetic signatures of known vehicles to thereby determine a direction of travel of the vehicle based upon the comparison.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a sample analyzer includes a detector, a first generator and a second generator. The detector detects a target substance bonded to a magnetic particle collected to a sensing area in the cartridge. The first generator applies a magnetic field for releasing the magnetic particles from the sensing area. The second generator includes a permanent magnet configured to generate a magnetic field for attracting the magnetic particles to the sensing area, a first soft magnetic material, and a second magnetic material. The second generator switches application and shut-off of a magnetic field by moving the permanent magnet relative to the first soft magnetic material and the second soft magnetic material.