Abstract: A magnetic sensor includes a channel layer, a magnetization free layer placed on a first section of the channel layer, and a magnetization-fixed layer placed on a second section of the channel layer. A thickness of the channel layer of the first section is different from a thickness of the channel layer of the second section and a resistance of an interface between the channel layer and the magnetization free layer is lower than a resistance of an interface between the channel layer and the magnetization-fixed layer.

Abstract: A magnetometer for sensing a magnetic field may include a solid state electronic spin system, and a detector. The solid state electronic spin system may contain one or more electronic spins that are disposed within a solid state lattice, for example NV centers in diamond. The electronic spins may be configured to receive optical excitation radiation and to align with the magnetic field in response thereto. The electronic spins may be further induced to precess about the magnetic field to be sensed, in response to an external control such as an RF field, the frequency of the spin precession being linearly related to the magnetic field by the Zeeman shift of the electronic spin energy levels. The detector may be configured to detect output optical radiation from the electronic spin, so as to determine the Zeeman shift and thus the magnetic field.

Abstract: A microfabricated magnetic field transducer uses a magnetically sensitive structure in combination with one or more permeable magnetic flux guides. The flux guides may route off-axis components of an externally applied magnetic field across the sensitive axis of the magnetically sensitive structure, or may shield the magnetically sensitive structure from off-axis, stray fields or noise sources. A combination of flux guides and magnetically sensitive structures arranged on a single substrate may enable an integrated, 3-axis magnetometer in a single package, greatly improving cost and performance.

Abstract: The invention provides for a magnetic field probe (100, 2202) comprising a container (104, 702, 1400, 1500, 1600, 1700, 1800) with a hollow cavity (106, 602). The hollow cavity comprises a duct (110, 700) connecting the hollow cavity with an exterior surface (109, 702) of the container. The container further comprises metallization (108, 800) surrounding the duct on the exterior surface. The container further comprises a metallic plug (400, 1000). The metallic plug at least partially fills the duct. The metallic plug forms a seal (402, 1002) with the metallization. The magnetic field probe further comprises a sample (300, 900, 1608) comprising fluorine 19. The sample at least partially fills the hollow cavity. The magnetic field probe further comprises an antenna (102) adjacent to the container for manipulating the magnetic spins of the fluid sample and for receiving magnetic resonance signals from the fluid sample.

Abstract: A vehicle door handle includes a case, a first detector and a second detector. The first detector includes a core and a coil that is wound around the core. The second detector is disposed side by side with the first detector, and includes a sensor electrode that has a wavy geometry and that has an axis substantially parallel to the axis of the core. The sensor electrode includes a first wavy segment and a second wavy segment. The first wavy segment corresponds in position to the coil and has a first linear density, and the second wavy segment has a second linear density that is greater than the first linear density.

Abstract: A current sensor comprising a primary conductor for conducting a current that is to be measured, at least two magnetic field probes for measuring magnetic fields, and a magnetic core, which has a closed ring structure having three or more corners that encloses the primary conductor, wherein each magnetic field probe is arranged on the magnetic core or in recesses in the magnetic core.

Abstract: In one aspect, a magnetic field sensor is configured to detect a ferromagnetic object. The magnetic field sensor includes a magnet that includes two North regions and two South regions configured to generate opposing directions of magnetization to form a magnetic flux. The magnetic field sensor also includes a magnetic field sensing element configured to generate an is output signal responsive to changes in the magnetic flux caused by movement of the ferromagnetic object.

Abstract: A current sensor includes a folded-shaped current path including a pair of arm portions extending in parallel with each other, and a pair of magnetoelectric conversion elements provided so as to sandwich therebetween a symmetric axis passing between the pair of arm portions, the pair of magnetoelectric conversion elements being used for detecting magnetism caused by a current passing through the pair of arm portions, wherein a half-bridge circuit in which the pair of magnetoelectric conversion elements is series-connected and a signal is able to be extracted from a connection point between the pair of magnetoelectric conversion elements is formed, and sensitivity axes of the pair of magnetoelectric conversion elements are oriented in a same direction and sensitivity-influencing axes of the pair of magnetoelectric conversion elements are oriented in a same direction.

Abstract: A current sensor includes: four magnetic sensor elements arranged within a plane orthogonal to a measured current, having a symmetrical magnetic characteristics curve, and adapted to convert a magnitude of a magnetic field into an electrical signal and output the electrical signal; a bridge circuit including the four magnetic sensor elements; and a bias magnetic field application member adapted to applying a bias magnetic field to the magnetic sensor elements.

Abstract: A detector of a magnetic field probe includes a first wiring pattern formed on a first surface of a multilayer substrate and having a predetermined inclination with respect to an axial line direction of the magnetic field probe, a second wiring pattern formed on a second surface and having the predetermined inclination with respect to the axial line direction, and a first penetrating via penetrating through the multilayer substrate in the thickness direction and connecting a front end portion of the first wiring pattern and a front end portion of the second wiring pattern. A rear end portion of the first wiring pattern is connected to a conductor pattern configuring a strip line and a rear end portion of the second wiring pattern is connected to ground patterns configuring the strip line.

Abstract: A portable electronic uses a magnetometer to determine an alignment with an inductive charging unit magnetic charging field. The alignment increases a portion of the magnetic charging field generated by the inductive charging unit and received by the portable device to better power the device and reduce battery recharge times. The portable device displays motion icons to facilitate a manual alignment. The magnetometer may also be used for magnetic earthly field applications such as a compass, navigation and augmented reality.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a magnetometer in which direction of the Earth's magnetic field is determined on the basis of time variant differences in the inductance of a sensor coil of the digital compass which is a function of the orientation of the sensor coil with respect to the Earth's magnetic field. The magnetometer includes a sensing coil, a feedback resistor, and a comparator.

Abstract: A magnetic particle imaging device is provided. The device includes a magnetic field source configured to produce a magnetic field having a non-saturating magnetic field region, an excitation signal source configured to produce an excitation signal in the non-saturating magnetic field region that produces a detectable signal from magnetic particles in the non-saturating magnetic field region, and a signal processor configured to convert a detected signal into an image of the magnetic particles. Aspects of the present disclosure also include methods of imaging magnetic particles in a sample, and methods of producing an image of magnetic particles in a subject. The subject devices and methods find use in a variety of applications, such as medical imaging applications.

Abstract: The present invention provides a magnetic biosensor device comprising a sensor cartridge for receiving an assay to be tested, an electromagnetic unit for producing a magnetic field at a sensor surface of the sensor cartridge, and detection means for detecting the presence of magnetic particles close to the sensor surface. The electromagnetic unit is adapted to periodically produce a magnetic field having at least a first and a second magnetic field strength, the ratio of the amount of time of applying the first magnetic field strength to the amount of time of the period of applying the first and the second field strength being varied during the measurement. The invention further provides a method for applying a magnetic field to a sensor surface of a magnetic bio sensor device.

Abstract: A method and system are provided for operating a mobile device having a magnetometer. The method includes obtaining a plurality of error indicators associated with the magnetometer. At least two of the plurality of error indicators have different criteria for error. The method also includes determining an instruction for operating the mobile device using the plurality of error indicators.

Abstract: A magnitude and direction of at least one of a reset current and a second stabilization current (that produces a reset field and a second stabilization field, respectively) is determined that, when applied to an array of magnetic sense elements, minimizes the total required stabilization field and reset field during the operation of the magnetic sensor and the measurement of the external field. Therefore, the low field sensor operates optimally (with the highest sensitivity and the lowest power consumption) around the fixed external field operating point. The fixed external field is created by other components in the sensor device housing (such as speaker magnets) which have a high but static field with respect to the low (earth's) magnetic field that describes orientation information.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising at least one first signal loop configured to receive a first signal; at least one second signal loop magnetically coupled with the first signal loop configured to generate a second signal; a signal processor configured to monitor the second signal and determine the presence of at least one metal object dependent on the second signal.

Abstract: This method makes it possible to carry out the auto-calibration of the electromagnetic coils of an apparatus such as an atomic clock, a magnetometer or a gyroscope by injecting successive currents into the coils and measuring the magnetic fields induced in order to calculate the transfer coefficients (field/current) of each of the coils and the real angles that they form with very great precision.

Abstract: A magnetic force microscope capable of measuring the absolute value of a magnetic field with high resolution without causing a change in magnetization state of the probe. The magnetic force microscope includes a cantilever, a probe, a displacement detector that detects a displacement of the probe, a specimen carrier, and various transfer units. The magnetic force microscope that measures an undulation distribution as well as a magnetic field distribution on the surface of a specimen placed on the specimen carrier is further provided with a magnetic-field impress-unit that impresses a magnetic field to the probe, and an output of the magnetic-field impress-unit is controlled such that a magnetic force impressed onto the probe 5 is turned zero to thereby measure a magnetic field distribution on the surface of the specimen.

Abstract: Devices and methods for sensing current are described herein. One device (100) includes a base member (102) haying a first leg (104, 106) and a second leg (104, 106), the legs (104, 106) defining an angle (108) therebetween, a first magnetic current sensor (110, 112) coupled to the base member (102) and positioned at a first location in a plane bisecting the angle (108), and a second magnetic current sensor (110, 112) coupled to the base member (102) and positioned at a second location in the plane bisecting the angle (108).

Abstract: A method and a device for a galvanically isolated AC/DC-sensitive measurement of a residual current (?I), includes a component sensitive to magnetic fields which switches between at least two states in the course of oscillation. A magnetic field is formed in a sphere of action of the component sensitive to magnetic fields due to the residual current (?I) and an oscillator signal that switches between a state 1 and a state 2. As a function of the residual current-driven magnetic field, times of stay of the oscillator signal occurring in states 1 and 2 are determined and an output signal proportional to the residual current is obtained from the ratio of the times of stay.

Abstract: A scissor style magnetic sensor having a novel hard bias structure for improved magnetic biasing robustness. The sensor includes a sensor stack that includes first and second magnetic layers separated by a non-magnetic layer such as an electrically insulating barrier layer or an electrically conductive spacer layer. The first and second magnetic layers have magnetizations that are antiparallel coupled, but that are canted in a direction that is neither parallel with nor perpendicular to the air bearing surface by a magnetic bias structure. The magnetic bias structure includes a neck portion extending from the back edge of the sensor stack and having first and second sides that are aligned with first and second sides of the sensor stack. The bias structure also includes a tapered or wedged portion extending backward from the neck portion.

Abstract: A generator having at least four coils wound around each of the winding axes, these four coils being spaced out from one another to cancel at least the first derivative up to the seventh derivative of the magnetic field generated by these coils, in parallel to the winding axis, at a central point when they are powered by the same current, and the circumference of each coil is a circle, the diameter of this circle being equal within 2% of the diameter of a circle defined by the intersection between a sphere centered on the central point and a plane, perpendicular to the winding axis of this coil, passing through this coil, the sphere being the same for all the coils wound around the same winding axis.

Abstract: A magnetic field sensing device can include two or more magnetic field sensors configured to detect a magnetic field in a current carrying conductor. The magnetic field sensing device also can include a phase detector electrically coupled to outputs of the two or more magnetic field sensors. The magnetic field sensing device further can include a phase indicator electrically coupled to the phase detector. The phase indictor can include a display that indicates when the two or more magnetic field sensors are in a position in relation to the current carrying conductor. Other embodiments are provided.

Abstract: The invention concerns the field of electrical, materials and mechanical engineering and relates to the use of flexible magnetic thin layer sensor elements, which can be used for measuring magnetic flux density in electromagnetic energy converters and magnetomechanical energy converters. The aim of the invention is to specify the use of flexible magnetic thin layer sensor elements in electric machines and magnetic bearings, which can be placed in air gaps without substantially limiting the air gap widths.

Abstract: According to one aspect, there is provided a method for compensating for gyroscope bias on a portable electronic device having a gyroscope, and at least one of an accelerometer and a magnetometer. The method includes determining a first attitude matrix and a second attitude matrix using data from the accelerometer and the magnetometer, determining a difference between the first attitude matrix and the second attitude matrix, estimating a rotational velocity based on the difference between the first attitude matrix and the second attitude matrix, and compensating for an output from the gyroscope to generate a compensated output that compensates for the gyroscope bias using the estimated rotational velocity.

Abstract: A device for current measurement comprises a substrate with a first current conductor and a current sensor with a second current conductor. The current sensor is mounted above the first current conductor on the substrate. The second current conductor is formed with integrally attached first and second terminal leads through which the current to be measured is supplied and discharged. The current sensor further comprises a semiconductor chip with a magnetic field sensor mounted on the second current conductor on the side of the second current conductor facing the substrate. The magnetic field sensor is sensitive to a component of the magnetic field extending parallel to the surface of the semiconductor chip and perpendicular to the second current conductor. The second current conductor extends above and parallel to the first current conductor.

Abstract: A system and method for measuring a magnetocardiogram (MCG) in order to measure a weak magnetic field generated from the heart of a small animal such as a laboratory rat are provided. The system includes a case, a SQUID sensor located and fixed inside the case to detect magnetism, a platform arranged near the SQUID sensor inside the case, the small animal being placed on the platform, a linear station to which the platform is fixed to move a location of the platform, and a control unit configured to control operations of the SQUID sensor and the linear station and measure the MCG of the small animal using intensities of the magnetism detected by the SQUID sensor.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to xMR sensors, in particular AMR and/or TMR angle sensors with an angle range of 360 degrees. In embodiments, AMR angle sensors with a range of 360 degrees combine conventional, highly accurate AMR angle structures with structures in which an AMR layer is continuously magnetically biased by an exchange bias coupling effect. The equivalent bias field is lower than the external rotating magnetic field and is applied continuously to separate sensor structures. Thus, in contrast with conventional solutions, no temporary, auxiliary magnetic field need be generated, and embodiments are suitable for magnetic fields up to about 100 mT or more. Additional embodiments relate to combined TMR and AMR structures. In such embodiments, a TMR stack with a free layer functioning as an AMR structure is used. With a single such stack, contacted in different modes, a high-precision angle sensor with 360 degrees of uniqueness can be realized.

Abstract: Provided is a magnetic field sensor with which it is possible to simultaneously operate a DC flux gate magnetometer and a search coil magnetometer, a sensor is miniaturized by the DC flux gate magnetometer and the search coil magnetometer being positioned close to one another, and it is possible to measure a magnetic field from a DC magnetic field to an AC magnetic field of a high-frequency region of either the same point or points in close proximity.

Abstract: A magnetic sensor utilizes a MEMS device that has at least one vibrating member and at least one conductive path integral with the vibrating member so that a current flows along the vibrating member and in the presence of a magnetic field interaction of the magnetic field and the point charges in the current on the conductive path due to the Lorentz force causes a change in vibration of the vibrating member. That change can be used to provide a measure of the magnetic field.

Abstract: A system for testing a magnetic sensor has a plurality of coils, wherein the coils are positioned along perpendicular planes. A magnetic field is generated along each of the perpendicular planes when a current is sent to each of the plurality of coils.

Abstract: A current sensor includes a first conductor and a second conductor arranged so as to form current paths parallel to each other; a circuit board arranged such that a surface thereof is perpendicular to the current paths; and a first magnetoelectric transducer and a second magnetoelectric transducer arranged on the surface of the circuit board such that the first conductor is interposed therebetween. The first conductor, the second conductor, the first magnetoelectric transducer, and the second magnetoelectric transducer are located on a same plane.

Abstract: An electrical device includes a magnetic sensor circuitry (101) for detecting magnetic field and for generating a detection signal in response to the detected magnetic field, and a control circuitry (102) for controlling operation of the electrical device in accordance with the detection signal. The magnetic sensor circuitry is configured to detect a direction related to a deviation of the magnetic field from the magnetic field of the earth, and the control circuitry is configured to control the operation of the electrical device in accordance with the detected direction. The electrical device can be controlled by using e.g. a permanent magnet (105) for directing, to the magnetic sensor circuitry, magnetic field deviating from the magnetic field of the earth and having a desired orientation. Thus, the electrical device can be controlled without an electrical connector or a radio interface.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus, comprising: at least one processor and at least one memory including a computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus at least to: perform a set of Earth's magnetic field, EMF, measurements inside a building, wherein each EMF measurement result represents at least one of a magnitude and a direction of the EMF in the building; store the set of EMF measurement results off-line into a memory buffer coupled to the apparatus; and upon detecting a predefined triggering condition, cause a transfer of the stored set of EMF measurement results to a database entity.

Abstract: A first magnetoelectric conversion element group including magnetoelectric conversion elements, and a second magnetoelectric conversion element group including magnetoelectric conversion elements are arranged across a cutout of a wiring board. The first and second groups are arranged line-symmetrically with respect to a first imaginary line. The elements in the first and second groups are arranged line-symmetrically with respect to a second imaginary line. The first imaginary line and the second imaginary line orthogonally intersect each other at a placement position at which a current path to be measured is placed. The orientation of the sensitivity axis of each of a plurality of magnetoelectric-conversion-element sets having point symmetry about the placement position is parallel or antiparallel. An element spacing, which is spacing between neighboring elements in the first and second groups, is narrower than a group spacing, which is the narrowest spacing between the first and second groups.

Abstract: The present application discloses an integrated circuit comprising a circuit portion (100) coupled between first and second power supply lines (110; 120); a first switch (115, 135) coupled between the first power supply line (110, 120) and the circuit portion (100) for disconnecting the circuit portion from the first power supply line during an inactive mode of the circuit portion; and an arrangement (315, 335, 410) for, during said inactive mode, providing the circuit portion (100) with a fraction of its active mode power supply at least when averaged over said inactive mode to prevent the circuit portion voltage to drop below a threshold value. The present application further discloses a method for controlling such an integrated circuit.

Abstract: Disclosed are a medium discrimination apparatus and a discrimination method thereof. The medium discrimination apparatus comprises first and second magnetic sensor, a differential analog/digital converter and a controller. The first magnetic sensor senses a magnetic component printed at a specific position of an introduced medium and having a form of an analog signal containing a first noise generated from an internal circuit and a second noise generated from an operation of an actuator. The second magnetic sensor senses the first and second noises which are caused when the medium is transferred and has a form of an analog signal. The differential analog/digital converter performs a subtraction operation for the first and second noises sensed by the first and second magnetic sensors and convert result signals into one digital signal. The controller determines if the introduced medium is genuine or counterfeit according to the digital signal.

Abstract: A magnetic sensor comprises a first ferromagnetic body, a second ferromagnetic body, a channel extending from the first ferromagnetic body to the second ferromagnetic body, a magnetic shield covering the channel, and an insulating film disposed between the channel and the magnetic shield, while the magnetic shield has a through-hole extending toward the channel.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment includes a method including providing a battery, producing a first magnetic field so that a second magnetic field is induced in the battery, sensing a magnetic field resulting from the interaction of the first magnetic field and the second magnetic field, utilizing the sensed net magnetic field to determine the state of charge of the battery.

Abstract: The current sensor arrangement according to the compensation principle has a primary conductor, designed to generate a primary magnetic field dependent on a current to be measured flowing through it, a first secondary winding, designed to generate a first secondary magnetic field dependent on a first compensation current flowing through said winding, a second secondary winding designed to generate a second secondary magnetic field dependent on a second compensation current flowing through said winding, a magnetic field sensor designed to generate a measurement signal that represents a magnetic field detected by it; a magnetic core of soft magnetic material designed and arranged to magnetically interconnect a primary conductor, a first seconding winding, a second secondary winding, and a magnetic field sensor; a first evaluation circuit, downstream from the magnetic field sensor and upstream from the first secondary winding, and designed to generate a first compensation current corresponding to the measurement

Abstract: A magnetic sensor device for generating a logic output in accordance with a magnetic field intensity applied to a magnetoelectric conversion element includes: a comparator for inputting amplified output signals of the magnetoelectric conversion element, and outputting a comparison result; and a logic circuit for performing arithmetic processing on an output signal of the comparator. Only when the logic output is changed by a change in the magnetic field intensity, the logic circuit performs successive matching determination of logic outputs a plurality of times. Thus, the variation in determination for detection or canceling of a magnetic field intensity, which is caused by noise generated from respective constituent elements included in the magnetic sensor device and external noise, may be reduced while suppressing electric power consumption.

Abstract: A magnetic field sensor device and a corresponding production method are described. The magnetic field sensor device includes a substrate, which has a trench, a ferromagnetic nanowire formed in the trench, a first electrical connection for the electrical connection of a first end of the ferromagnetic nanowire, a second electrical connection for the electrical connection of a second end of the ferromagnetic nanowire, and a magnetic field detection device for detecting a magnetic field in the region of the nanowire.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for calibrating and initializing/aligning an attitude and heading reference system of a crane jib. Magnetometer measurements are generated using a magnetometer that is attached to the crane jib, while crane jib maneuvers are performed including crane jib slewing. The magnetometer measurements are supplied to a processor that is configured to generate magnetometer calibration parameters using the magnetometer measurements and to initialize and align a plurality of filters.

Abstract: A micromachined magnetic field sensor is disclosed. The micromachined magnetic field comprises a substrate; a drive subsystem, the drive subsystem comprises a plurality of beams, and at least one anchor connected to the substrate; a mechanism for providing an electrical current through the drive subsystem along a first axis; and Lorentz force acting on the drive subsystem along a second axis in response to a magnetic field along a third axis. The micromachined magnetic field sensor also includes a sense subsystem, the sense subsystem includes a plurality of beams, and at least one anchor connected to the substrate; wherein a portion of the sense subsystem moves along a fourth axis; a coupling spring between the drive subsystem and the sense subsystem which causes motion of the sense subsystem in response to the magnetic field; and a position transducer to detect the motion of the sense subsystem.

Abstract: A closed-loop current transducer comprising a magnetic circuit, a magnetic field detector, and a compensation coil assembly configured to generate a magnetic field opposing a magnetic field created by an electrical current to be measured flowing in one or more primary conductors extending through a central opening of the magnetic circuit. The magnetic circuit comprises a first branch, a second branch, and first and second end branches, interconnecting the first and second branches such that the branches surround a central passage through which the one or more primary conductors may extend, the second branch forming a receptacle that defines a cavity extending in an axial direction A for receiving a sensing portion of the magnetic field detector, the second branch comprising two second branch portions separated by an interface resulting from the bringing together of opposed ends of a single piece magnetic circuit.

Abstract: A magnetic biosensor can include a magnetic stack comprising a free layer, a fixed layer, and a nonmagnetic layer between the free layer and the fixed layer. At least one of the free layer or the fixed layer may have a magnetic moment oriented out of a major plane of the free layer or the fixed layer, respectively, in an absence of an external magnetic field. The magnetic biosensor also may include a sample container disposed over the magnetic stack, a plurality of capture antibodies attached to a bottom surface of the sample container above the magnetic stack, and a magnetic field generator configured to generate a magnetic field substantially perpendicular to the major plane of the free layer or fixed layer.

Abstract: According to one aspect, a portable electronic device sized and shaped to be received within a holster having a magnetic element. The portable electronic device includes an electronic compass adapted to measure a magnetic field of the magnetic element in at least two axes. When the measured pattern corresponds to a first pattern, the portable electronic device is adapted to determine that the portable electronic device is in the holster.

Abstract: A magnetic sensor inspection apparatus has a rectangular frame including a stage, a probe card, and a plurality of magnetic field generating coils. A wafer-like array of magnetic sensors is mounted on the stage, which is movable in horizontal and vertical directions. The probe card includes a plurality of probes which are brought into contact with a plurality of magnetic sensors encompassed in a measurement area. The magnetic field generating coils are driven to generate a magnetic field toward the stage. A plurality of magnetic field environment measuring sensors is arranged in the peripheral portion of the probe card surrounding the probes. A magnetic field controller controls magnetic fields generated by the magnetic field generating coils based on the measurement result of the magnetic field environment measuring sensors. Thus, it is possible to concurrently inspect a wafer-like array of magnetic sensors with the probe card.

Abstract: A current sensor includes a current path to be measured, a neighboring current path that is provided in the vicinity of the current path to be measured, first and second magnetoelectric transducers having a main sensitivity axis parallel to a direction of a magnetic field generated by a current to be measured flowing in the current path to be measured, and are provided so that the directions of the magnetic fields generated by the current to be measured are applied in mutually opposite directions, and third and fourth magnetoelectric transducers having a main sensitivity axis being non-orthogonal to a direction of a magnetic field generated by the neighboring current while being orthogonal to the direction of the magnetic field generated by the current to be measured, and are provided so that the directions of the magnetic fields generated by the current to be measured are applied in mutually opposite directions.