Abstract: A steering wheel cover that houses the sensor, indicator, power and communication elements of a driver safety system is disclosed. The objective is to discourage texting, eating, primping one's self and cell phone use that distract drivers and causes accidents. The steering wheel cover is light, easy to install and lock in place but strong and difficult to forcibly remove. The driver safety system senses the positions of the driver's hands on the wheel rewarding safe habits. When the system senses bad habits the driver is warned, incidence is recorded for third party information in addition to alerting and annoying dis-rewards are given.

Abstract: A communication device or auxiliary ECU is activated when a fuel door of a fuel cell vehicle is open. Upon closing the fuel door, the communication device/ECU is shut off. The communication device/auxiliary ECU is operational regardless of whether the keys in the vehicle or not. This assures that communication of information can occur when a refueling station is most likely to request the information, i.e. when the fuel door is open. A temperature measurement device may monitor a vehicle tank temperature, communicate the tank temperature data to a filling station, and confirm that the tank temperature data is associated with the tank being filled.

Abstract: A control system and method for a vehicle having a warning function are provided. The system includes a control device that is configured to determine whether an amplifier is installed within the vehicle based on an occurrence of an alert situation. The control device is configured to transmit an alarm sound to an amplifier when the amplifier is installed therein and transmit the alarm sound to a cluster speaker when the amplifier is not installed within the vehicle. The amplifier is configured to transmit amplifier installation information to the control device and output an alarm sound received from the control device and the cluster speaker is configured to output the alarm sound received from the control device.

Abstract: Computer-implemented methods, systems and apparatus are disclosed for providing notification at a vehicle that a pre-paired consumer electronics device (CED) has been left inside the vehicle. The vehicle includes a processor and a vehicular system controllable via the processor. The processor can receive an alert signal that indicates that a pre-paired CED has been left inside the vehicle during a time period after a trigger event has occurred. The processor is further configured to control activation of the vehicular system, in response to receiving the alert signal, to cause the vehicular system to generate another signal that is perceptible outside the vehicle to indicate that the pre-paired CED has been left inside the vehicle.

Abstract: A host-vehicle risk acquisition device includes a host-vehicle path acquisition portion that acquires a path of a host-vehicle, and an obstacle path acquisition portion that acquires a plurality of paths of an obstacle existing around the host-vehicle. A collision risk acquisition portion acquires an actual collision risk, which is a collision risk between the host-vehicle and the obstacle when the host-vehicle is in a travel state based on the path of the host-vehicle and the plurality of paths of the obstacle. An offset risk acquisition portion acquires an offset risk, which is a collision risk between the host-vehicle and the obstacle in an offset travel state, which is offset from the travel state of the host-vehicle.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for monitoring the function of a safety monitoring system of a control unit of an actuator system of a motor vehicle, wherein it is checked by the function monitoring whether the safety monitoring is performed faultlessly, wherein the safety monitoring is carried out by a first monitoring entity and the function monitoring is carried out by a second monitoring entity, wherein the first monitoring entity sends a result of the safety monitoring as an information item to the second monitoring entity at defined time intervals, wherein the first monitoring entity and the second monitoring entity are free of a common interface, wherein the information item is received by the second monitoring entity by utilizing an interface between the second monitoring entity and the control unit, and wherein the information item is coded in a format which cannot be interpreted by the control unit.

Abstract: An interior rearview mirror system includes a rearward facing camera, an interior rearview mirror assembly and a video display screen disposed behind a mirror reflective element of the interior rearview mirror assembly. The video display screen is viewable by a driver of the vehicle when the driver is normally operating the vehicle, and the video display screen is operable to display information for viewing by a driver of the vehicle through the mirror reflective element when the mirror assembly is normally mounted in the vehicle and when the video display screen is operated to display information. When the vehicle is executing a reversing maneuver, the video display screen displays images captured by the rearward facing camera to assist the driver in reversing the vehicle, and the video display screen is operable to display other information.

Abstract: A drive assist control device includes a steering determination unit 21 that determines a steering state of a vehicle, a curved state estimation unit 22 that estimates a curved state of a traveling road where the vehicle is traveling, a threshold value setting unit 23 that, in a case where it is determined by the steering determination unit 21 that a steering occurs after a steering wheel stationary state, sets a determination threshold value at the time of steering ts based on the curved state estimated during a period ts to ts+Tc from the time of steering ts to the set time Tc after the time of steering ts or a period ts?Tc to ts from the set time Tc before the time of steering ts to the time of steering ts and which is sharper than the curved state estimated at the time of steering ts, and a warning control unit 25 that actuates a warning in a case where the steering speed at the time of steering ts exceeds the determination threshold value.

Abstract: A method for determining the occupation state of a parking space, including the steps of: providing a first detection unit equipped with a frequency modulated continuous wave radar; preparing a decision unit and a second detection unit; transmitting via the radar a communication signal modulated on the basis of a first code, alternatively indicating the parking space or a vehicle; receiving the communication signal with the second detection unit; demodulating the first code with the second detection unit; transmitting the first code to the decision unit via the second detection unit; and determining, with the decision unit, the occupation state on the basis of the first code and the second code, alternatively indicating either a vehicle or the parking space.

Abstract: Disclosed is a display device 5 for a work machine having an engine 9, a hydraulic pump 10 driven by the engine, a boom cylinder 3d, an arm cylinder 3e, a bucket cylinder 3f, and other actuators driven by a hydraulic fluid supplied from the hydraulic pump 10, and an operating device 6 for operating the actuators 3d, 3e, 3f. The display device 5 includes an idle state display section 50a for displaying an engine revolution speed N as no-manipulation period operating state information which is related to an engine load that is imposed while the operating device 6 is not manipulated. This makes it possible to inform an operator of the status of the engine load in an idle state for the purpose of prompting the operator to transition into a fuel-efficient state.

Abstract: An automobile instrument panel includes display means with a display area. First and second symbols may be displayed in the display area to convey safety information. The duration of display of a symbol may be different depending upon whether it is an acute safety symbol or a normal safety symbol. An audible alarm may also be activated.

Abstract: A method and system for notifying an alarm state of a vehicle include displaying an alarm corresponding to an alarm state of an alarm state occurring in a vehicle, and determining whether a driver recognizes the displayed alarm. The alarm is displayed in a different manner based on a recognition frequency and duration of time the driver recognized the alarm when it is determined that the driver recognizes the displayed alarm. An alarm sound is output for a period of time when it is determined that the driver does not recognize the displayed alarm.

Abstract: A system and method of detecting drowsy driving that include a controller configured to calculate basic characteristics based on steering torque information and lateral displacement information for every first time and basic thresholds based on the basic characteristics for a second time. In addition, the controller calculates a current characteristic based on the steering torque information and the lateral displacement information for every third time and calculates current thresholds based on the current characteristic for a fourth time. The controller then compares the current thresholds and the current characteristics to determine whether drowsy driving is generated.

Abstract: A drive mode selection system for a vehicle is provided that includes a drive mode selector that can facilitate selection of a current drive mode from among a plurality of drive modes of the vehicle based at least in part on input from a driver of the vehicle. Each of the plurality of drive modes can be associated with a distinct visual indicator. Additionally, the system can include a mode indication component that can display the current drive mode of the plurality of drive modes by providing the distinct visual indicator associated with the current drive mode. The system can further include a mode recommendation component that can recommend a drive mode of the plurality of drive modes based at least in part on the current drive mode and data received from one or more sensors.

Abstract: The present disclosure presents a wheel diameter variation-detecting device capable of properly detecting relative variation in diameter between a plurality of wheels of a vehicle. The wheel diameter variation-detecting device can detect variation in diameter between a plurality of wheels of a vehicle, can detect rotational speeds of the respective wheels, and can calculate a variation parameter indicative of variation in diameter between the wheels using one of the wheels as a reference wheel, based on a result of comparison between the rotational speed of the reference wheel and that of one of the wheels other than the reference wheel. Further, the wheel diameter variation-detecting device can learn the variation parameter based on a value obtained by averaging a plurality of values of the variation parameter obtained before the detected travelled distance reaches a predetermined distance.

Abstract: A head-up display light source intensity control for a vehicle can include sensing an ambient light intensity condition and providing ambient light intensity data indicative of the ambient light intensity condition to a controller. A speed of the vehicle is sensed and vehicle speed data indicative of the speed of the vehicle is provided to the controller. The controller is configured to calculate a light intensity output value for the head-up display based on both the ambient light intensity data and the vehicle speed data. The light intensity output of a light source of the head-up display is adjusted based upon the light intensity output value.

Abstract: A vehicle control system and method combining control allocation and phase compensation for forming a phase compensated actuator command signal based on a control demand signal. A feedback unit includes a matrix multiplication unit for forming an estimated behavior signal, from a control efficiency matrix and the actuator command signal. The estimated behavior signal is fed to a second summation unit for forming a difference signal. The difference signal is processed by a filter unit for forming a feedback signal which is connected to a first summation unit for forming a modified control demand signal, such that the modified control demand signal is adjusted to always represent a control demand realizable by the vehicle. The modified control demand signal is further connected to the second summation unit and to a control allocator which output is then connected to the matrix multiplier to form a feedback loop.

Abstract: A vehicle comprises a plurality of control module structures. A first control module structure is configured for determining a current motive mode of the vehicle. A second control module structure is configured for determining information indicating that a driver of the vehicle has left the vehicle unattended while the vehicle is in a motive-enabled mode. A third control module structure is configured for causing a secure idle mode to be implemented as a function of determining the information indicating that the driver of the vehicle has left the vehicle unattended while the vehicle is in the motive-enabled mode. Implementing the secure idle mode can include inhibiting the vehicle from being driveable until a driver access code is successfully received and authenticated by the vehicle.

Abstract: A monitoring service is configured to receive monitoring data from one or more collision detection systems. The monitoring data may comprise collision detection information, such as a collision detection model, sensor data, data pertaining to potential collisions, data pertaining to collisions, vehicle identifier(s), and so on. The monitoring service may extract and/or derive indexing criteria from the monitoring data, and may store and/or index the monitoring data on a persistent storage. An entity may request monitoring data pertaining to a specified time, location, and/or vehicle. The monitoring service may respond to the request by identifying monitoring data that conforms with the request, and providing the identified monitoring data to the requesting entity. The monitoring service may issue collision notifications to emergency service entities and/or may provide collision alerts to vehicles in the vicinity of a collision.

Abstract: A fuel system for an engine includes a fuel line that delivers fuel from a main fuel tank to the engine and a first control device that releases a flow of the fuel from the main fuel tank into the fuel line. An auxiliary fuel tank is connected to the fuel line, and a second control device controls a flow of the fuel between the auxiliary fuel tank and the fuel line. After the fuel is released from the main fuel tank into the fuel line, the second control device fills the auxiliary fuel tank with the fuel from the main fuel tank.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device in a motor vehicle having a system for monitoring the active status of vehicle light bulbs such as brake light bulbs and the corresponding light fuse and reporting the status to a vehicle driver.

Abstract: A receiver belongs to a control device of an operating element in a motor vehicle, which receiver is a component part of the operating element and into which signals are able to be inputted by a person. In order to be able to establish with great reliability a threshold for the decision ‘signal valid/signal invalid”, it is proposed defined in the invention that the receiver of the operating element has a first coupling-in element and a second coupling-in element, which are arranged at a defined distance from one another on an evaluation axis.

Abstract: A method of controlling the operation of a door of a vehicle relative to a door frame of the vehicle is provided. The position of the door is sensed and a door open command or a door close command is received. Opening or closing of the door at preselected speeds is initiated based on the command received. The length of time that the open command or close command is continuously received is then determined. The door is moved at a relatively slow speed for a predetermined initial time period and after the predetermined initial time period has ended the door is moved at a relatively faster speed.

Abstract: The present invention (also known as the HOT SEAT™) discloses and claims a vehicle occupant detection and alerting system comprising a vicinity motion detector capable sending a wireless transmission and a transmission receiving means capable of receiving the motion detector's wireless transmission and triggering a vehicle alarm system, vehicle horn, a mobile device or other form of notification if a child is left unattended in a vehicle.

Abstract: A lane keeping system is disclosed for use with a mobile machine. The lane keeping system may have a locating device positioned onboard the mobile machine that is configured to generate a location signal indicative of a location of the mobile machine at a worksite. The lane keeping system may also have an alarm positioned onboard the mobile machine, and a controller in communication with the locating device and the alarm. The controller may be configured to determine locations of multiple distal points of the mobile machine based on the location signal, and to make a comparison of the locations with boundaries of at least one established lane at the worksite. The controller may also be configured to selectively activate the alarm based on the comparison when the multiple distal points straddle at least one of the boundaries of the at least one established lane.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an automotive augmented reality HUD apparatus and method, which can adaptively change a location and a direction based on the visual field of a driver, thus reducing errors in location matching between virtual object information and real-world information. The automotive augmented reality HUD apparatus includes a viewing angle calculation unit for estimating a line-of-sight direction of a driver using a face direction, detected based on face images of the driver, and center positions of pupils and calculating a viewing angle. A matching unit matches a location of real-world information located in front of a driver's seat with a location of corresponding virtual object information located in front of the driver's seat, based on the line-of-sight direction and the viewing angle. A display unit displays results of the matching by the matching unit, wherein the display unit enables rotation thereof and location change thereof.

Abstract: A vehicle portable device has a wireless communication part that conducts wireless communication with a vehicle, a short-range wireless communication part that conducts short-range wireless communication with a mobile terminal, a vehicle information acquisition part that acquires vehicle information on the vehicle, wherein the vehicle information is transmitted from the vehicle by wireless communication, a transmission intensity setting part that sets transmission intensity, with which the vehicle information is transmitted to the mobile terminal, according to a content of the vehicle information, and a transmission controller that performs control such that the vehicle information is transmitted to the mobile terminal with the set transmission intensity by short-range wireless communication.

Abstract: Systems and methods for switching between manual-mode steering and autonomous-mode steering, including a steering wheel assembly sending a signal to an autonomous driving electronic control unit, to engage autonomous-mode steering, in response to an autonomous interface steering wheel of the assembly having been moved from a first position to a second position.

Abstract: A system and method for notifying a driver who is leaving a stationary motor vehicle that there is still a person or an animal in the motor vehicle is presented. Exemplary notification modes include a notification mode in which the notification of the driver also depends on whether the current time falls in preset times; a notification mode in which the notification also depends on whether the motor vehicle is located within preset geographical areas; and a notification mode in which the notification also depends on whether preset or learned patterns of driver behavior have been detected.

Abstract: A driver prompting braking system includes a detection device adapted to sense at least one object in front of the vehicle; a detection system interfacing with the detection device, the detection system adapted to detect the at least one object; and a brake coaching system interfacing with the detection system, the brake coaching system adapted to determine a brake application timing for an operator of the vehicle to avoid the object and optimize fuel economy of the vehicle. A driver prompting braking method is also disclosed.

Abstract: An unmanned autonomous traveling service apparatus and method based on driving information database that allows an unmanned autonomous traveling vehicle to be autonomously operated stably without performing a large scale computing process in real time by allowing the unmanned autonomous traveling vehicle to be autonomously operated based on driving information generated in a database and allowing the unmanned autonomous traveling vehicle to be autonomously operated based on an installed sensor at the time of a traffic lane change or an unexpected situation. In particular, the driving information is collected from drivers throughout the world to create the database for the driving information.

Abstract: A method of automatically communicating reminder messages to a telematics-equipped vehicle includes the following steps: (a) establishing a reminder message and defining playback instructions for playing the reminder message; (b) generating a trigger based on the defined playback instructions; (c) setting the trigger; (d) monitoring for the occurrence of one or more conditions that satisfy the trigger; and (e) determining that the one or more conditions have occurred and, if so, then; (f) accessing the reminder message associated with the trigger; and (g) communicating the reminder message.

Abstract: A monitoring device (20) of a vehicle wheel (11) is configured for detecting and transmitting, by a wireless connection, information relating to at least one characteristic quantity of the status of the wheel (11), such as the inflating pressure of a tire thereof. The device (20) has a casing (21-22) housing a circuit (30) adapted to transmit said information, the casing (21-22) being designed for coupling to an end portion (3a) of electrically conductive body (3) of a tire valve (2) of the wheel (11). The casing (21-22) includes a casing body (21) integrating interconnection means (28, 29, 40) prearranged to obtain both an electric connection of the circuit (30) to the end portion (3a) of the electrically conductive body (3) of the valve (2; 2?; 2?), and a mechanical coupling of the casing (21-22) to the end portion (3a) of the electrically conductive body (3) of the valve (2; 2?; 2?).

Abstract: A display device includes at least one processing device and at least one display element for representing at least two image planes that are able to be combined with each other, and a method is for representing a plurality of combinable image planes for displaying data.

Abstract: Disclosed is an alert display device which highlights a display image for highlighting an object to be alerted in an actual scene in front of a driver of a vehicle or around the vehicle in a superimposing manner. The object to be alerted in front of the vehicle or around the vehicle is detected by a detection unit, and the display image for highlighting the object to be alerted in the actual scene in front of the driver of the vehicle or around the vehicle is displayed in a superimposing manner. At this time, the size of the display image is adjusted based on the position of the object to be alerted detected by the detection unit or/and a range in which the eyes of the driver are likely to be present.

Abstract: An alarm system for a vehicle charge cord is provided. The alarm system has an armed state and a disarmed state. The alarm system includes a battery, a charge cord sensor, a battery state estimator (“BSE”) module, and an interface module. The battery has state of charge (“SOC”), and is rechargeable to a predetermined level of charge. The charge cord sensor is configured to detect if the vehicle charge cord is connected to or disconnected from a vehicle. The BSE module is configured to monitor the SOC of the rechargeable battery and determine if the battery is charged to the predetermined level of charge. The interface module is in communication with the charge cord sensor and the BSE module. The interface module is configured to switch the alarm system from the armed state to the disarmed state.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and a circuit configuration as well as a navigation system are disclosed, wherein the extraction and transmission of signals running on a line bus (1, 2) is carried out without having to sever the bus cable. Furthermore, a sensor (4) is disclosed, which outputs sensor signals reproducing the line signals and wherein the output sensor signals are amplified by a signal processing unit (11) and transformed into a defined digital signal shape (22). The filtered signals are then transmitted to a display device (14) or another device via an additional bus in wireless manner or by way of a line.

Abstract: Approaches for indicating vehicle fuel efficiency for vehicle usage patterns are provided. Patterns of inefficient operation are detected and conveyed to a user to inform the user of the impact of his/her inefficient operation. In these embodiments, a fuel efficiency tool provides this capability. The fuel efficiency tool comprises: an analysis component configured to analyze usage patterns of a vehicle; a calculation component configured to calculate a vehicle fuel efficiency for each of the usage patterns; and a notification component configured to: provide a real-time notification to a user of the vehicle indicating each of the following via a feedback device within the vehicle: a numerical representation of the vehicle fuel efficiency calculated for each of the plurality of recurring driver habits; and a monetary value indicating an amount of money sacrificed by at least one vehicle usage pattern that is contributing to inefficient vehicle fuel consumption.

Abstract: An information collection device transmits a position information request command for requesting transmission of position information of a dump truck at a predetermined point in time via a second wireless communication device and determines a state of at least one of the dump truck, a relay that relays communication from a first wireless communication device included in the dump truck to the second wireless communication device, and a travel route of the dump truck based on a response to the position information request command.

Abstract: A control system for implementing a vehicle-integrated child presence and reminder system includes a computer processor. The control system is integral with a vehicle. Logic is executable by the control system and is configured to monitor an occupancy sensor activated in a vehicle. The occupancy sensor, when activated, is indicative of a presence of a child in a car seat disposed in the vehicle. The logic is also configured to collect data from at least one vehicle sensor and, using the data collected from the vehicle sensor along with results of the monitoring of the occupancy sensor, the logic determines if a triggering event has occurred. In response to determining the triggering event has occurred, the logic is configured to generate an alert and transmit the alert to an alert component.

Abstract: In a method and a device for wear diagnosis of a motor vehicle, driving events and driving conditions occurring during driving operation are detected, the detected driving events and driving conditions are assigned in each case a wear index value using a table which is stored in a memory of the motor vehicle and which adds up the wear index values assigned to the detected driving events and driving conditions in order to form a total wear index value, and the determined total wear index value is compared with a reference total wear index value derived from a stored characteristic curve.

Abstract: A map display apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus acquires present position information indicating a present position, and determines a route from the present position to a destination. The apparatus displays a map on a display screen based on map information acquired from a storage medium storing the map information, and displays the route in a form of a line on the map while switching a manner of displaying the route between multiple display modes including a first display mode and a second display mode. In the first display mode, the route is displayed to have a first transparency and a first width. In the second display mode, the route is displayed to have a second transparency more transparent than the first transparency and a second width larger than the first width.

Abstract: An apparatus for performing a display indicating a state of fuel efficiency of a vehicle according to a driving operation, detects an operating state of the vehicle according to a driving operation performed by a driver of the vehicle. A score for representing the state of fuel efficiency of the vehicle according to the driving operation is determined. Here, the score is allocated to correspond to the operating state. A display indicating the score is performed as the display indicating the state of fuel efficiency. The allocation of the score to the operating state of the vehicle is changed according to a value obtained by accumulating the score. For example, the allocation of the score to the operating state is changed such that the score is lower as the value obtained by accumulating the score is higher. Thus, a degree of strictness with which the score is marked is higher as the level of the driving skill represented by the accumulated value is higher.

Abstract: A warning alarm apparatus for a steering wheel includes at least one piezoelectric transducer provided in the rim of the steering wheel; a current supplier; one or more sensors, equipped in the steering wheel or a motor vehicle, sense a dangerous factor; and a controller that determines whether a sensor value sensed by the sensor is included in a warning alarm range, and controls operation of the current supplier according to the sensor value.

Abstract: A feature for a motor vehicle that takes precautionary actions in response to conditions on the road network in the vicinity ahead of the vehicle. The feature uses a data representation of the road network extending from the current vehicle position out to an extent. The data representation of the road network is used to identify conditions, if any, that warrant taking a precautionary action. The type of conditions about which actions are to be taken may be identified in a data file. A precautionary action is taken as the vehicle approaches the location of the condition. The precautionary action may be a message provided to the vehicle driver to alert the driver about the condition. Alternatively, the action may be a modification of the vehicle operation, such as slowing down or stopping the vehicle, speeding up the vehicle, changing direction, and so on.

Abstract: A system and method for detecting use of a wireless device is disclosed. In one embodiment, a system and method for using street map data broadcasts a warning to a driver, wherein the warning is triggered when a vehicle operating parameter does not comply with a limitation for a current street in a street mapping database. The limitation for the current street is also broadcast to the driver. An indication that the limitation for the current street is incorrect is received from the driver. The warning to the driver may be an audible warning and/or a visual warning to the driver. Broadcasting a limitation for the current street may include displaying the limitation to the driver or playing a spoken message to the driver. The limitation may be a posted speed limit or a traffic direction, for example.

Abstract: Systems and methods for displaying a driver shift aid are disclosed. In one aspect, an electronic control unit causes a shift indicator to be presented if a need for a shift is detected and vehicle performance after the shift would not be unduly impacted. If the vehicle operator follows the guidance of the shift indicator, vehicle fuel efficiency may be improved while vehicle performance remains adequate. In one aspect, a different indicator may be displayed to prompt the vehicle operator to shift either one gear or two gears.

Abstract: Road grade is modeled over a region in which a vehicle is driven on roadways having a grade that varies over a plurality of predetermined grade ranges. A succession of grade values are generated while operating the vehicle at a predetermined rate, wherein each grade value identifies a respective grade range then being encountered. A Markov chain road-grade model is updated in response to the succession of grade values, wherein the model represents respective elements of probability in a matrix of transition events from each predetermined grade range to a respective next-in-succession grade range. Each element of the matrix has a value ?i,j representing a weighted frequency of transition events from a first respective grade value to a second respective grade value divided by a weighted frequency of transition events initiating from the first respective grade value, so that the matrix successively approximates the road grade of the region.

Abstract: The invention relates to an automotive vehicle early open door warning system, including a first light device arranged in a first external area of a side of the vehicle, for emitting a warning light signal, prior to the opening of a door, a second light device arranged in a second area of the side of the vehicle spaced from the first area for emitting a warning light signal, and an electronic controller circuit in connection with the light devices, for controlling the first light device so that it emits the warning light signal prior to the opening of the door and the second light device so that it emits the warning light signal prior to or during the opening of the door.

Abstract: A system for preventing drowsiness in a driver by employing a thermal grill that includes warm and cool regions. The system includes a threshold determination module and a configuration module. The threshold determination module determines temperatures for warm and cool regions corresponding to a level below the driver's pain threshold. The warm and cool regions configured at these determined temperatures do not cause an uncomfortable sensation for an alert driver. Accordingly, the configuration module configures the thermal grill to these determined temperatures. As the driver gets drowsy, the driver's pain threshold falls, the configured thermal grill causes an uncomfortable sensation for the driver and alerts the driver.