Abstract: The invention relates to a method for monitoring the earth's surface with a moving aircraft using a radar sensor with a synthetic aperture. In order to produce high resolution radar images, the flight parameters of the aircraft are also required. According to the inventive method, key parameters, such as speed and acceleration, are detected in the sight line of the radar sensor from the radio signals received. One of the advantages of the invention is that an inertial navigation system (INS) is no longer required for this purpose.

Abstract: The velocity vector of a moving object is precisely determined by using radar measurements of the angle to and the radial speed of a moving object. This can be done in a radar system comprising one or more units. The technique also makes it possible to precisely determine the range to a moving object from a single moving radar unit.

Abstract: A series of police doppler single mode radars and a multimode police doppler radar, all with direction sensing capability are disclosed. A quadrature front end which mixes received RF with a local oscillator to generate two channels of doppler signals, one channel being shifted by an integer multiple of 90 degrees in phase relative to the other by shifting either the RF or the local oscillator signal being fed to one mixer but not the other. The two doppler signals are digitized and the samples are processed by a digital signal processor programmed to find one or more selected target speeds. Single modes disclosed are: stationary strongest target; stationary, fastest target; stationary, strongest and fastest targets; moving, strongest, opposite lane; moving, strongest, same lane; moving, fastest, opposite lane; moving, fastest and strongest, opposite lane; moving, fastest, same lane; moving fastest and strongest, same lane.

Abstract: In a method for the probabilistic estimation of measurements, based on a measurement signal in which an interference signal is superimposed on the value to be measured, the measurement signal is sampled at specified chronological intervals. A defined measurement range associated with the value to be measured is divided into discrete values and a model is formed of a process on which the measurement signal is based with discrete states that correspond to the discrete values of the measurement range. In the model, a probability value of the occurrence of each state is assigned for each sampling time, and the value to be measured is determined on the basis of the probability value of at least one state in this model. In addition, for each state of the model at a sampling time, a probability for the state to remain in its current state is determined, as well as a probability for the state to change to another state by the next sampling time.

Abstract: In a method for operating a radar system, the object is to determine by simple means and at low cost the distance and/or the radial velocity of at least one target object with high resolution. For this purpose, in each measuring phase of the measurement process in the "pulse FMCW radar system", switchover between a transmission mode and a receiving mode is effected a multiple number of times and at short intervals of time. In the transmission mode, all receiving units of the radar system are switched off, while a pulse-shaped (frequency-modulated) transmission signal with time-successive transmission pulses having a specific pulse-on time and a specific carrier frequency is emitted from at least one transmitter unit of the radar system.

Abstract: A scatterometer orbiting around the earth globe comprises a single fanbeam radar antenna which is rotated around a vertical axis, at a slow rotation rate. The antenna foot-print sweeps a circular disc. The slow conical sweep combined with the motion of the satellite on which the scatterometer is mounted results in highly overlapping successive sweeps such that an image pixel is revisited many times during an overpass. The pixels in the radial direction are resolved by range-gating the radar echo. The radar operates in the C-band. The scatterometer is intended, in particular, to determine wind speed and direction over the ocean.

Abstract: In a continuous wave Doppler system in which a fixed transmitter transmits a continuous wave signal to be reflected by moving targets and by fixed structure, an aircraft receives the reflective signals at two spaced apart antennas. The signals reflected from moving targets are distinguished from ground clutter reflected from fixed structure by the phase difference between the Doppler signals receive by the two antennas. The signals reflected from moving targets are distinguished from the ground clutter in response to the phase difference between the Doppler signals received by the two antennas being not equal to a phase difference value determined to be the phase difference for clutter signals. The phase difference value for clutter signals is determined from a function expressing the phase difference value as a linear variation with the Doppler frequency of the signals.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for detecting the presence of objects in a vehicle operator's blind spots. The apparatus comprises a side-facing Doppler radar system using continuous wave (CW) transmission with frequency modulation (FM) operation from a frequency modulation switching technique. The radar system determines the presence, range and closing rate of detected targets. The radar system detects targets even when operated in adverse weather conditions and will not generate false warnings due to rain clutter caused by wet roads and other wet surroundings. The radar system uses ranging techniques to reject false targets that are detected outside of a predetermined target detection zone. In accordance with the present invention, the radar system indicates that a target is detected if and only if any part of the target is within the detection zone and it: (1) remains in front of the antenna for at least TH1 seconds; (2) is at a range between Range.sub.min and Range.sub.

Abstract: In an FM-CW radar, a receive section has an array antenna in which a plurality of element antennas are arrayed as receive antennas, and a plurality of mixers for generating a beat signal of each channel from a receive signal for each element antenna, and a signal processing section comprises a first device for performing analog-to-digital conversion of the beat signal of each channel into a digital beat signal of each channel and storing it, a second device for performing a Fourier transform process for the digital beat signal of each channel to obtain Fourier transform data of each channel, a third device for performing a phase shift process according to beam direction angles for the Fourier transform data of each channel and thereafter synthesizing the Fourier transform data of each channel every beam direction angle to obtain Fourier transform data of each beam direction angle, and a fourth device for detecting a range to an object and a relative velocity of the object from the Fourier transform data of ea

Abstract: A meteorological radar apparatus which calculates a shift of the pulse synchronization of a transmission pulse signal output from a transmission unit and corrects the transmission timing of the transmission pulse signal based on the shift of the pulse synchronization so that the Doppler velocity of a reference target becomes zero, thereby preventing deterioration in the measurement accuracy of the Doppler velocity caused by the shift of the pulse synchronization of the transmission pulse signal.

Abstract: In the method for automatically controlling the spacing of motor vehicles described in the specification, a lane width for a controlled vehicle which is defined for evaluation is varied as a function of transverse velocities of vehicles detected ahead of the controlled vehicle.

Abstract: A Doppler radar speed measuring module, that is self-contained and handheld, is fabricated on a multilayer PCB (printed circuit board) containing at least one antenna array and electronic circuitry. In one embodiment the antenna array is located on a top side and electronic circuitry is located on a bottom side opposite the antenna, with a ground plane layer sandwiched between the antenna array and the circuitry. The electronic circuitry includes a dielectric resonator stabilized oscillator, a microwave amplifier, a microwave mixer, a microwave coupler, voltage regulators, mechanical switches, and a display to indicate the measured speed of a moving target. The oscillator generates a very stable microwave signal which is split with part of the signal fed to a mixer and part fed to a transmit antenna. In one embodiment plated through vias electrically connect the two sides together. A transmitted signal reflects off of a moving target and is received by a receive antenna.

Abstract: A control system for a mobile planting apparatus which permits discrete plant spacing to be determined and maintained independent of wheel rotation on the planting apparatus having: (1) a ground speed sensor wherein the rate of movement relative to the ground is determined independent of wheel rotation of the planting apparatus; (2) an input/display device for inputting desired plant spacing; (3) a variable speed motor for driving seed metering devices on the planting apparatus at varying rates independent of wheel rotation of the planting apparatus, wherein the motor changes speeds in response to an electronic signal; (4) a programmable control circuit communicating electronically with the input/display device and ground speed sensor, wherein the programmable control circuit: (a) determines the number of seeds to be dispensed per unit distance based on the desired spacing received from the input/display device; (b) determines the distance traveled based on electronic signals from the ground speed sensor; and

Abstract: The invention relates to methods which make it possible to measure the Doppler shift of the echoes of a detection system. That is, the present invention modulates the frequency of the pulses of the transmissions of this system by a pseudohyperbolic function such that a restricted number of copies of the transmission signal can be used to perform the correlation operations on reception and to have them followed by an interpolation operation.

Abstract: Level crossing number counter section 115 obtains the Doppler frequency caused by fading by counting the number of times of a received signal crossing an averaged received signal level. Corresponding to the Doppler frequency, reference signal correlation integration control section 116 controls reference signal correlation integration section 311 to suspend and restart the processing of integrating the correlation data of the received signal obtained in reference signal correlation section 306 with a reference signal.

Abstract: In a vehicle mounted radar apparatus such as a pulse Doppler radar, electromagnetic waves produced by an oscillator can be prevented from returning therefrom a reception system by means of a transmission system. The vehicle mounted radar apparatus includes the oscillator for generating electromagnetic waves, a transmitter for transmitting the electromagnetic waves generated by the oscillator to a target, a receiver for receiving electromagnetic waves reflected from the target, a switch for connecting the transmitter to an antenna during transmission of the electromagnetic waves, and for connecting the antenna to the receiver during reception of the electromagnetic waves, a signal processor for calculating a distance between the vehicle and the target, and also a relative speed between the vehicle and the target based upon the electromagnetic waves transmitted to the target and reflected from the target, and a power supply interrupter for interrupting the supply of voltage to the transmitter.

Abstract: A digital signal processor (DSP) traffic radar utilizing pulses from the patrol vehicle's electronic speedometer to steer the DSP's search of Doppler return information for the patrol vehicle's radar return signal, to improve target identification and minimize inaccuracies. In moving mode, when the patrol vehicle comes to a stop, no pulses are received by the DSP and therefore the patrol speed is set to zero, eliminating false association with other moving targets.

Abstract: A Doppler-based radar system used to determine the speed of a selected moving target includes an array of selectable filters and related method for determining the speed of the selected moving target traveling in the same lane as a moving patrol vehicle supporting the radar system independent of the direction of the target relative to the platform. This allows the speed of the target vehicles traveling in the same lane and in the same direction as the patrol vehicle to be monitored without manual assistance from the operator. The radar system is further adapted in a stationary mode of operation to determine the speed of a selected moving target independent of the location of the patrol vehicle. This is accomplished by selectively filtering either all approaching or receding targets depending upon the traffic scenario.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for making precise velocity measurements of a spacecraft using a two-way noncoherent Doppler tracking system. The received uplink and transmitted downlink frequencies on-board the spacecraft are compared with the resulting information being included in the downlink signal and used to cancel spacecraft oscillator drift rate effects in the two-way Doppler measurement made by the ground station. The information can also be used to characterize the drift rate of the spacecraft oscillator, thus permitting periods of accurate one-way Doppler tracking by the ground station. To improve accuracy, the times at which the measurements comprising the information would have been observed on the ground are inferred from the measurement of a signal generated by the spacecraft, e.g., the telemetry frame start times, made by the ground station.

Abstract: A radar system for processing a series of radar returns to determine Doppler velocity of an object. Each one of the radar returns is produced in response the object reflecting each one of a series of transmitted radar pulses. The series of radar returns is processed in a sequence of successive dwells. Each one of the dwells has a predetermined number of radar returns. The radar system includes a system clock for producing a series of clock pulses. A range gate is provided for sampling each one of a series of radar returns produced in response to a each one of a series of transmitted radar pulse. The range gate has a time duration equal to an integer number of, N, clock pulse periods. A range gate positioning system initiates the range gate a selected time, .DELTA., after each one of the transmitted pulses. The positioning system determines the selected time, .DELTA.

Abstract: A traffic monitoring system has a common housing for a Doppler radar transceiver, a video camera, and a digital computer for processing the Doppler signal. The system also includes a video cassette recorder, a high-speed photographic camera, and a laptop computer for downloading control settings and a program from a diskette or memory card to the digital computer. The digital computer performs an initial self-test by injecting a calibration signal in lieu of a Doppler signal into an electronic interface between the radar transceiver and the digital computer. The radar transceiver generates a Doppler signal having two channels, and the phase between the channels indicates whether a vehicle is approaching or receding from the radar transceiver. The two channels are recorded on the left and right audio channels of the video cassette.

Abstract: Frequency domain processing is used to determine rapidly whether false signals are present, and to improve the accuracy of speed measurements by rejecting speed measurements that could be inaccurate due to the presence of false signals. A Doppler signal responsive to speed of a moving vehicle is generated by a Doppler radar transceiver. A digital computer transforms the Doppler signal into a frequency domain signal such as an energy spectrum, and the speed of the moving vehicle is computed from the weighted arithmetic mean of the energy spectrum. The mean value, however, is rejected as an indication of speed if the variance of the energy spectrum from the mean exceeds a threshold, or if a differential of the spectrum with respect to frequency exceeds a threshold.

Abstract: A velocity/speed measurement radar unit incorporates a handle assembly for detachment from a base unit to allow for convertibility from a hand-held unit to a remote controlled radar unit. The removable handle assembly controls the operating parameters and secondary functions of the radar unit in a simple and user friendly manner. The operating parameters are established using multifunctional switches incorporated in the handle assembly, such as a trigger-type switch, rocker switches, and push button switches. The secondary functions are similarly controlled using a rotary encoder/push button switch combination. A microprocessor in the handle assembly receives inputs from the multifunctional switches and generates a corresponding control signal for transmission to the base unit. The handle assembly and base unit communicate via infra-red transmitters and receivers. The handle assembly is ergonomically designed to insure ease of use.

Abstract: An ink jet printer including a feed roller for feeding paper to a print area where print is effected by an ink jet head, a transparent roller to transport the paper which rotates at a peripheral speed faster than a feed roller, and an ink shielding portion positioned between the paper the print area and the ink jet head. The ink jet printer may also include a shaft which supports starwheels at the ends thereof, the central portion thereof being urged toward a plurality of paper discharge rollers.

Abstract: A velocity detecting radar unit that is easy to operate and to view so as to minimize distraction to the operator, particularly when in use in a moving vehicles includes a spotlight unit having a housing with a lens, a light source within the housing and a control wand pivotally mounting the housing for rotation about an axis and including an elongated tube adapted to extend through the windshield pillar of a vehicle. A radar antenna is mounted in the housing to be movable therewith and has a radar transmitting and receiving end extending from the housing oppositely of the spotlight lens. A display module is adapted to display velocity data and other information and is adjustable mounted to the tube at a location thereon remote from the spotlight housing. Similarly, an input or control module including function switches for providing function commands to a controller for the unit is provided and is adjustable mounted to the tube at a location thereon remote from the housing.

Abstract: A multiresolution, multirate approach for detecting and following targets. The resolution of data obtained from a target scanning region is reduced spatially and temporally in order to provide to a tracker a reduced amount of data to calculate. Balances of computer processing resources with long-range detection and multiple target tracking are provided. Computer processing resources can be allocated to other systems while still maintaining an accurate tracking function and alternatively, the tracking function can receive a high level of computer processing resources and track at a finer resolution. An ability to recover raw data points from the spatially and temporally reduced values is also provided.

Abstract: The disclosed device enables the user to verify the speed of their vehicle responsive to sensing that a speed measuring device has been used to measure their speed. The device includes a speed measuring device detector designed to sense operation of a speed measuring device. When the detector senses such operation, it activates a speed measuring device mounted on the vehicle which instantaneously measures the vehicle speed and then stores the measured speed for later display and for printing a permanent record, if desired.

Abstract: A method of measuring speed of a mobile unit for use in a wireless communication system 20. The method includes the steps of receiving a radio frequency (RF) signal from the mobile unit 202, measuring signal quality of the RF signal to produce a received quality signal 204, sampling the received quality signal during a first time period to produce a first group of samples 206, sampling the received quality signal during a second time period to produce a second group of samples 208, calculating a variation in signal quality of the RF signal in response to the first and second group of samples 210, and determining a speed measurement in response to the variation in signal quality 212.

Abstract: When measuring speed over ground by means of microwave Doppler radar, signal noise, switching spikes and nearby reflectors reduce the measurement accuracy. In order to avoid these disadvantages, a reference signal which recurs with the period T.sub.0 and a target signal which follows the reference signal after a time interval T.sub.s are emitted via an antenna. That part of the reference signal which has already been received again during transmission of the target signal is subtracted from the target signal which is received later. The difference signal obtained in this way is a measurement signal from which interference spikes, signal noise and nearby reflectors have been largely removed.

Abstract: An improved remote speed sensing technique is described which improves performance reliability by increasing the relative signal to noise ratio of a speed detector compared to that of a vehicle radar detector, by localizing at least one axis of the illuminating radiation to an angular region which is comparable to or within the subtence of the target vehicle, while minimizing illumination of a radar detector on the target vehicle.

Abstract: An improved switching system for controlling a radar control unit includes a radar hold switch and lock release switch on a remote control. Depression of the hold switch places the radar in a hold or standby mode. Upon depression and holding of the lock switch tracking of the target vehicle occurs. Upon release of the lock switch the displayed vehicle speed will be locked on the lock window of the radar with the radar unit being placed in a standby mode. A subsequent depression and release of the lock/release switch clears the locked target speed and maintains the unit in a standby mode. Underlying logic utilized by the signal processor analyzes signals corresponding to the positions of the hold and lock switches so as to direct the radar into the appropriate mode.

Abstract: A wheel detector for indicating the presence of a rail vehicle on a set of spaced rails is disclosed. The wheel detector transmits a radar pulse signal and samples a portion of the signal corresponding to a target area on one of the rails. The wheel detector will generate an indication signal if a change in the reflectivity of the received signal corresponding to the target area is detected. The wheel detector may additionally include multiple transmitters and receivers to provide redundancy, and be configured to determine the linear velocity and direction of a wheel.

Abstract: A frequency mixer for a Doppler radar module with directional recognition, can be operated with a single transmitting and receiving antenna. It is thereby possible to create a Doppler radar module with low space requirements even for transmitting and receiving frequencies below 5 GHz. In the frequency mixer, a first microstrip line is coupled to a first terminal of a first diode and a second microstrip line is coupled to a first terminal of a second diode. The two microstrip lines are connected to each other through a capacitor. An antenna is coupled to the first microstrip line and an oscillator is coupled to the second microstrip line. Second terminals of each of the diodes are connected to a fixed potential in an electrically conductive manner. A phase comparator is coupled to the two microstrip lines.

Abstract: To measure the speed of a body (1) moving relative to the ground (2) by means of a broad-band Doppler radar (3) fixed to the moving body, two incident radar waves are transmitted successively towards the ground at instants that are close together, and the corresponding reflected waves are picked up, the frequency of at least the first incident wave being time-varying, the signals representative of the first incident and reflected waves are multiplied together, a spectrum is determined for the low frequency component of the product of said two signals, the same operations are performed for second incident and reflected waves, then two peaks that correspond with a certain amount of frequency shift in the two spectra are identified, and the speed of the moving body is determined as a function of the frequencies of these two singular points and as a function of the height of the radar relative to the ground.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for making precise velocity measurements of a spacecraft using a two-way noncoherent Doppler tracking system. By comparing the received uplink and transmitted downlink frequencies on-board the spacecraft, information is generated that is included in the downlink signal and used to cancel spacecraft oscillator drift rate effects in the two-way Doppler measurement made by the ground station. This data can also be used to characterize the drift rate of the spacecraft oscillator, thus permitting periods of accurate one-way Doppler tracking by the ground station.

Abstract: An angular velocity calculating apparatus which is low-priced and capable of obtaining an angular velocity with high accuracy is realized. Two velocity detectors which are substantially small in offset error, noise, or the like, unlike the conventionally employed gyroscope, is disposed at portions on the moving matter or in the vicinity thereof, and the angular velocity is obtained on the basis of the velocity information obtained from these detectors. Accordingly, the angular velocity calculating apparatus and a navigation apparatus can be realized which is higher in accuracy and cheaper as compared with the conventional ones.

Abstract: A system and method for determining absolute vehicle height and ground speed. As disclosed, a millimeter wave radar system for determining selected boundary distances is implemented based upon a generation of a modulated millimeter wave signal which is envelope detected and thereafter phase detected to determine the selected boundary distance on a continuous real-time basis. To similarly determine absolute vehicle speed on a continuous real-time basis, a method is disclosed for use in cooperation with an on-board microcomputer, the height sensing system described above, and a passive speed sensor aperture which is affixed to the chassis and directed toward the ground at some angle theta. In operation, a portion of the RF signal radiated by the height sensor is backscattered toward the passive speed sensor aperture. The Doppler Shift of this signal caused by vehicle motion is determined.

Abstract: A police radar utilizing digital data transmission from the antenna unit to a separately housed counting and display unit. The antenna has a double balanced mixer to suppress even order harmonics. The counting and display unit has a computer programmed to perform digital signal processing on the digital data received from the antenna to improve the quality and accuracy of calculated speeds for patrol speed, strongest target speed and fastest target speed. Fastest target speed can be displayed simultaneously with strongest target speed. Signal processing techniques are used to suppress false signals caused by double and triple bounce, harmonics, intermodulation products, video display terminal interference, etc.

Abstract: A speed conversion coefficient calculating section 104 calculates a ratio of a GPS Doppler velocity calculated by a GPS velocity calculating section 101 to a vehicle speed measured by a speed sensor 102, thereby obtaining a speed conversion coefficient. There are provided a plurality of filtering sections 105-108 for averaging momently produced speed conversion coefficients. A filter selecting section 109 selects an optimum filtering section among these filtering sections 105-108. If a ratio of the speed conversion coefficient resultant from the speed conversion coefficient calculating section 104 to a presently adopted speed conversion coefficient is not within a predetermined range, an abnormality detecting & initializing section 110 notifies abnormality and initializes calculation process of the speed conversion coefficient in response to detection of such an abnormality.

Abstract: Range-Doppler ambiguity is eliminated from an ultra-wideband radar system by transmitting an ultra-wideband chirped pulse towards a moving target, and mixing it with the doppler-shifted chirped pulse which is received as a target echo return signal. Multioctave radar tracing systems can potentiality track stealth aircraft without ambiguity since pulses containing many frequencies can defeat narrow-band radar absorbing material coatings. The unambiguous range-doppler signal processing method mixes the chirped pulse to yield an instantaneous Doppler frequency (which indicates target velocity) and a rate of change in the instantaneous Doppler frequency (which indicates target acceleration).

Abstract: A bi-directional portable laser light detection device for receiving and detecting laser light from one or more of a plurality of sources includes a laser light pipe that comprises a solid body of material that has a high index of refraction and has an input end, an output end, and at least one wall member connecting the input end and the output end. A generally planar laser light admitting zone on the exterior of the solid body at the input end thereof is oriented so as to generally face the expected direction of the path of laser light from a source along a first opposed path so that, in use, the laser light enters the solid body by way of the admitting zone so as to become admitted laser light. A generally planar laser light emitting zone on the exterior of the solid body at the output end thereof is oriented so as to generally face outwardly toward a laser light sensor such that laser light emitted from the laser light emitting zone is received by a laser light sensor.

Abstract: A police radar utilizing digital data transmission from the antenna unit to a separately housed counting and display unit. The antenna has a double balanced mixer to suppress even order harmonics. The counting and display unit has a computer programmed to perform digital signal processing on the digital data received from the antenna to improve the quality and accuracy of calculated speeds for patrol speed, strongest target speed and fastest target speed. Fastest target speed can be displayed simultaneously with strongest target speed. Signal processing techniques are used to suppress false signals caused by double and triple bounce, harmonics, intermodulation products, video display terminal interference, etc.

Abstract: A police radar utilizing digital data transmission from the antenna unit to a separately housed counting and display unit. The antenna has a double balanced mixer to suppress even order harmonics. The counting and display unit has a computer programmed to perform digital signal processing on the digital data received from the antenna to improve the quality and accuracy of calculated speeds for patrol speed, strongest target speed and fastest target speed. Fastest target speed can be displayed simultaneously with strongest target speed. Signal processing techniques are used to suppress false signals caused by double and triple bounce, harmonics, ntermodulation products, video display terminal interference, etc.

Abstract: An AMTI radar system utilizes a three-aperture interferometric antenna having substantially identical beamwidths on each of the three receiving channels. A switching network connected to first the left and center aperture and then the center and right aperture alternates during each pulse repetition interval to couple the radar returns from the three receive apertures to two processing channels. Conventional motion compensation is performed on the data sets of radar returns in each of the two channels. The data sets in each channel are then delayed by one pulse repetition interval and combined with corresponding undelayed data sets. During alternate pulse repetition interval in each channel, valid data sets are gated to an array storage. Fast Fourier transforms are then taken to transform the data sets in each channel into the frequency domain, so that separate range doppler maps of the radar returns can be formed in an array storage unit.

Abstract: A speed measuring apparatus includes: a modulation circuit for carrying out a direct spread modulation with respect to a transmission carrier signal using coded two-phase random signals; an antenna unit for transmitting the modulated transmission carrier signal as a radio-wave toward an object and for receiving a reflected wave from the object; a demodulation circuit for demodulating a signal corresponding to the received reflected wave using the transmission carrier signal, to thereby generate intermediate frequency signals; a correlation circuit for making correlation between the intermediate frequency signals and signals each having the same code as that of the coded two-phase random signal and having a phase delayed by a predetermined time; a Doppler detecting unit for extracting from an output signal of the correlation circuit a Doppler frequency component contained in a signal which has been propagated by way of a propagation path existing in a specified distance range, and for generating speed informat

Abstract: A police radar utilizing digital data transmission from the antenna unit to a separately housed counting and display unit. The antenna has a double balanced mixer to suppress even order harmonics. The counting and display unit has a computer programmed to perform digital signal processing on the digital data received from the antenna to improve the quality and accuracy of calculated speeds for patrol speed, strongest target speed and fastest target speed. Fastest target speed can be displayed simultaneously with strongest target speed. Signal processing techniques are used to suppress false signals caused by double and triple bounce, harmonics, intermodulation products, video display terminal interference, etc.

Abstract: The disclosed device enables the user to verify the speed of their vehicle responsive to sensing that a radar device has been used to measure their speed. The device includes a radar detector designed to sense a radar beam. When the detector senses the beam, it activates a speed measuring device mounted on the vehicle which instantaneously measures the vehicle speed and then stores the measured speed for later display and for printing a permanent record, if desired.

Abstract: A distance-velocity predicting system has an illuminator for projecting a light beam for searching for an obstacle, and a plurality of position sensors spaced at a distance corresponding to a base line length. A minimum value of a distance component from the base line to an obstacle lying in a direction perpendicular to the base line, which is obtained from the light beam and the position sensors, or a value in the neighborhood of the minimum value, is sampled to obtain time-series data, and a relative velocity component in a direction perpendicular to the base line with respect to the obstacle is obtained in real time by using the time-series data. The relative velocity component perpendicular to the base line is compared with a predetermined threshold value, and when the relative velocity component exceeds the threshold value, a starting signal for life protecting equipment is generated.

Abstract: A module formed by an array of pipes is provided for installation in front of existing radar and sonar transducers. A preferred array is formed by a section of honeycomb material in which each pipe has a hexagonal cross section and is mounted in an insulating sheath. Each pipe acts as a radiator of energy from a transducer that combine in phase to produce a beam narrower than the beam from the transducer. The module is effective to improve the range and resolution of forward-looking radar and sonar devices.

Abstract: A new and improved remotely-controlled radar gun apparatus is provided for a motor vehicle which has a metal roof. A remote-controlled radar gun assembly is mounted on a roof-mounted support assembly, and a radar-gun control module is contained within an interior portion of the motor vehicle. The radar-gun control module is connected to the remote-controlled radar gun assembly by a cable assembly, such that a quantity of metal in the roof of the motor vehicle provides a protective barrier to a police officer inside the motor vehicle from radar waves emitted by the remote-controlled radar gun assembly. The roof-mounted support assembly also supports a plurality of flashing light assemblies. In addition, a new and improved remotely-controlled video recording apparatus is provided which includes a plurality of remote-controlled video camera assemblies mounted on a roof-mounted support assembly, and a video camera actuator assembly remotely connected to the remote-controlled video camera assemblies by a cable.