Abstract: Antenna centric duct 1 in the form of long cylinder has a coaxial channel of circular intersection 2 at one end, and a coaxial screwed tongue 3 at the other end. On one third of cylinder length 1 there is a lateral screwed port 4. With the help of the tongue 3, the cylinder 1 is coaxialy connected to the cylindrical housing 5 inside its cylindrical hollow 6 in which there is antenna sleeve 7 with necking, placed on the axis of the hollow 6. Inside the lateral screwed port 4 of the cylinder 1, there is a short support 8 of the waveguide. In the free end of the support, there is a transverse cut 9. In the transverse cut 9 of short support 8 of the waveguide, one end of the waveguide 10 in the shape of rod is located. Its second end is located in transverse cut 11 of long waveguide support 12, located in lateral screwed port 13 of the cylindrical housing 5, at its opposite end. On the housing 5 axis, there is the cut of rectangular intersection 15 to a depth of one third of the housing 5 length.

Abstract: The present invention provides a dielectric leaky-wave antenna having a single-layer structure which is effective for realizing a highly efficient low-cost antenna in a quasi-millimeter wave zone in particular. This dielectric leaky-wave antenna includes a ground plane, a dielectric slab which is laid on one surface of the ground plane and forms a transmission guide for transmitting an electromagnetic wave from one end side to the other end side between itself and the ground plane along the surface, perturbations which are loaded on the surface of the dielectric slab along the electromagnetic wave transmission direction of the transmission guide at predetermined intervals and leak the electromagnetic wave from the surface of the dielectric slab, and a feed which supplies the electromagnetic wave to one end side of the transmission guide.

Abstract: An integrated dual-directional feed horn, for receiving RF signals from two satellites in small angle, includes a LNBF (first low noise block with integrated feed) and a second LNBF. The antenna dish focus the received RF signals onto receipt points of the focus plane, and the two LNBFs receive focused RF signals. The first LNBF receives circular polarized waves from the BSS satellite. The second LNBF receives linear polarized waves from the FSS satellite. One characteristic of the invention relies on integrating two LNBFs and making the two LNBFs adjacent to each other in the direction of short axis. Accordingly, the two LNBFs receive RF signals from two satellites in small angle. Increasing the length of the long axis thereof increases the areas of the wave-guides. The signal gain and communication quality are obtained.

Abstract: A marine radar antenna has a single dielectric plate mounted in front of the waveguide polarisation grid between two horn plates. A strip of dielectric material is secured to the upper and lower surfaces of the plate to form a forwardly and rearwardly facing step on each surface. The steps are located forwardly of the ends of the horn plates and are positioned to produce reflections substantially 180° out of phase with extraneous energy within the antenna. The dielectric plate is supported by a foamed plastics material within an outer radome.

Abstract: Provided is an antenna apparatus including an antenna for receiving electromagnetic radiation from an object to be measured; and a condensing element, which is constructed to surround the antenna, which is located at a center of the condensing element, wherein the condensing element reflects and condenses the electromagnetic radiation toward the antenna. The antenna apparatus according to the present invention improves the gain and electromagnetic reception efficiency of the antenna and effectively reduces interference by external unwanted noise.

Abstract: The present invention relates to antenna feeds (10, 30, 70, 78, 94) for use in linear or circularly polarized systems. In one embodiment of the invention, a cross-type antenna feed (30) comprises a cylindrical metal waveguide housing (12) and a cross-type metal feed body (32) coupled to the front of the waveguide housing (12). The feed body (32) has four peripherally spaced corrugated arm portions (34) arranged in a mutually orthogonal relationship, where the arm portions (34) extend radially outwardly from a longitudinal axis (16) of the feed body (32). Ridges (36) on each arm portion (34) are arranged concentrically around the axis (16) and parallel thereto, with successive ridges spaced from the axis (16) in a tiered arrangement. In another embodiment the antenna feed is a dielectric lens. The antenna feed is used in an antenna system having a reflector antenna in addition or in a low noise block (LNB) receiver.

Abstract: A multiple mode feed horn is provided for transmitting and receiving signals. The feed horn includes a transverse electric throat section, a transverse electric profile section, and a transverse electric aperture section. The transverse electric profile section propagates a first transverse electric (TE) mode. The transverse electric aperture section propagates a second TE mode. The multiple mode feed horn prevents propagation of traverse magnetic modes from said throat section to said aperture section.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus that has an increased efficiency, and a method for increasing the efficiency of multi-mode antenna feed horns, is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of exciting, within the antenna, a desired transmission mode and an undesired transmission mode of the signal to be transmitted, and converting, within the antenna, power within the undesired transmission mode into power for the desired transmission mode of the signal to be transmitted. An antenna apparatus in accordance with the present invention comprises a feed horn having an input opening, an aperture, and a cavity, disposed between the input opening and the aperture, for suppressing an undesired transmission mode of the antenna and exciting a desired transmission mode of the antenna.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a source antenna for transmitting/receiving electromagnetic waves comprising means for transmitting electromagnetic waves with longitudinal radiation operating in a first frequency band and means for receiving electromagnetic waves, characterized in that the means for receiving electromagnetic waves consist of a first array of n radiating elements operating in a second frequency band and a second array of n′ radiating elements operating in a third frequency band, the first and second arrays and the longitudinal-radiation means having a substantially common phase centre and the radiating elements of the first and second arrays being arranged around the longitudinal-radiation means.

Abstract: A travelling waveguide antenna has top and bottom spaced plates, the top plate having radiating apertures extending therethrough. The apertures have inclined surfaces facing one another to provide an outward flare of the apertures.

Abstract: An integrated horn antenna device with an integrated circuit (IC) chip including a metallic horn structure having a wide aperture, a horizontal waveguide with a tapered via that electromagnetically communicates with a vertical waveguide structure to transmit energy to and from an electronic sub-component transceiver device forming part of the IC chip. Another embodiment of the invention comprises a plurality of multiple discrete IC chips having the integrated horn antenna devices incorporated therewith forming a module for data transmissions between these IC chips. Another embodiment of the invention includes additional external waveguide structures such as optical fibers external to the chips, where radiation is aligned between the horn structures and these waveguides. Dual damascene processing is used to fabricate the horn antenna device within the IC chip.

Abstract: A dual-reflector microwave antenna includes a main reflector having a shape that is a portion of a paraboloid generated by revolution of a parabola around having a single, common axis of rotation and symmetry. A primary feed extends along the axis of the main reflector on the concave side of the main reflector, and a subreflector located beyond the end of said primary feed has an image-inverting surface configuration that has a ring focus located between the main reflector and the subreflector and extending around the axis of the main reflector. In either a single or dual-reflector antenna, the main reflector has a shield with a band of dielectric or conductive material extending around at least a portion of the inner surface of the shield for reducing the return loss of the antenna. Patterns may be improved by providing a shield of absorber material extending around the outer periphery of at least an end portion of the primary feed.

Abstract: A high-isolation polarization diverse circular waveguide orthomode feed apparatus capable of supporting any arbitrary linear, right-hand circular, left-hand circular or elliptically polarized electromagnetic wave with desirable performance over a broad range of frequencies and small size is disclosed. The waveguide feed employs the combination of a circular waveguide segment, stepped septum polarizer, and a novel arrangement of diametrically opposed electric field probes in the bifurcated region of the circular waveguide segment to achieve low crosspolarization when operating in arbitrary linear mode and high-isolation for rejection of undesired cross-polarization components when operating in circular or elliptical polarization mode. This apparatus is an elegant, simple, compact, rugged, and cost effective design that is applicable to a broad family of microwave antennas, but in particular those required to meet minimal radome swept volume requirements.

Abstract: The present invention provides a primary radiator capable of achieving both loss reflection and low loss. A watertight cap made of a dielectric material having a relatively high dielectric constant is attached to an open end of a horn part continuing from a waveguide, a dielectric member made of a dielectric material having a lower dielectric loss than the watertight cap is disposed within the waveguide, and a projecting part integrally formed at an end of the dielectric member is extended to the inside of the horn part, whereby an end face of the projecting part is made to face the back of the watertight cap at a fixed interval.

Abstract: A horn for direct radiation or for use as a reflector feed is for operation at disparate frequencies. The horn has a conventionally LSE1,0 distribution at the lower of the two frequencies, and both LSE1,0 and LSE3,0 modes, phased for improved gain, at the higher frequency. The LSE3,0 mode is generated by an H-plane step, and the appropriate phasing, together with improved gain at the lower operating frequency, is achieved by the use of dielectric loading adjacent the E-plane walls of the phasing section of the horn.

Abstract: At least one of the following requirements is satisfied. A position of a curvature center of an arcuate portion in at least one of waveguide plates is selected between a connecting member and a power feeder, in accordance with a desired horizontal beam radiation characteristic. A curvature radius of the arcuate portion in at least one of the waveguide plates is selected in accordance with a desired vertical beam radiation characteristic. A slanted angle of a peripheral face of the arcuate portion, which connects a top face and a bottom face of each waveguide plate, in at least one of the waveguide plates is selected in accordance with a desired vertical beam radiation characteristic.

Abstract: In a horn antenna apparatus for use in an antenna system for radar, some of the excited radio waves in a TE11 mode in a radio-wave input portion 1 are converted to those in a higher mode in a waveguide portion 5. As the inclination of a line of intersection S of the waveguide portion 5 is not fixed but continuously varied, the higher mode such as a TM11 mode and TE12 mode and the like is excited everywhere in the direction of the axis Z of the waveguide portion 5. Then the configuration of the line of intersection is determined so that an amplitude and a phase as the generated quantity of higher mode such as the TM11 mode generated in the waveguide portion 5 conform to desired values with respect to each higher mode.

Abstract: A dual band, higher and lower frequency range transducer with a circular coaxial waveguide feed is described having a first junction for connection of a lower frequency range outer waveguide of the coaxial waveguide feed to at least two rectangular or ridge waveguides offset from the longitudinal axis of the transducer and a second junction for connection of the at least two rectangular or ridge waveguides to a further waveguide. A third junction is provided for connecting an inner waveguide of the coaxial waveguide feed to a higher frequency range waveguide. The transducer comprises at least first and second parts joined across a first plane substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis and including at least a portion of the higher frequency range waveguide extending within the first plane of the join. A seal such as an “O” ring seal may be placed easily in the plane of the join thus preventing moisture ingress.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus is provided with two parabolic antennas which are attached to an X-axis and adapted to independently rotate about the X-axis. The X-axis is supported between both ends of a support rail in the shape of a semicircular arc to pass through the center of the arc. The support rail is adapted to slide and is thereby permitted to rotate about the central axis of the arc as a Y-axis. The support rail is placed on a rotating base 13 adapted to rotate about a Z-axis. The entire apparatus is covered with a radome. Each of the parabolic antennas is therefore permitted to rotate about each of the X, Y and Z-axes. By controlling each axis driving mechanism according to the locations and orbits of two satellites, each of the parabolic antennas is permitted to track a respective one of the satellites.

Abstract: A family of FE dielectric-tuned antennas and a method for frequency tuning a wireless communications antenna are provided. The method comprises: forming a radiator; forming a dielectric with ferroelectric material proximate to the radiator; applying a voltage to the ferroelectric material; in response to applying the voltage, generating a dielectric constant; and, in response to the dielectric constant, communicating electromagnetic fields at a resonant frequency. Some aspects of the method further comprise: varying the applied voltage; and, modifying the resonant frequency in response to changes in the applied voltage. Modifying the resonant frequency includes forming an antenna with a variable operating frequency responsive to the applied voltage. Alternately stated, forming an antenna with a variable operating frequency includes forming an antenna with a predetermined fixed characteristic impedance, independent of the resonant frequency.

Abstract: An apparatus for broadening the radiation pattern of a waveguide horn includes an input waveguide feed including a non-circular waveguide horn having a non-circular aperture, and a dielectric lens shaped as a toroid having an interior opening and an outside circumference, the toroid being cut along an imaginary plane extending generally parallel to a diameter of the toroid and being positioned generally coaxially adjacent the non-circular aperture.

Abstract: An antenna system that employs antenna elements for both transmit and receive functions. Signals received by each antenna element are directed to a dual band polarizer that converts the signals to linearly polarized signals, and signals to be transmitted by each antenna element are converted to circularly polarized signals by the polarizer. The orientation of the polarizer and whether the circularly polarized signals are LHCP or RHCP determines whether the linearly polarized signals are vertically or horizontally polarized. A dual-band orthomode transducer is employed to separate the receive and transmit signals into their respective frequency bands based on whether they are vertically or horizontally polarized. The transducer is a waveguide device having only three signal ports. A high pass filter is used to help separate the received signals, and a low pass filter is used to help separate the transmit signals.

Abstract: An antenna feed in a satellite system that provides substantially equal E-plane and H-plane patterns. The feed includes outer and inner conductive walls that are coaxial, and define an outer waveguide therebetween and an inner waveguide within the inner conductive wall. The feed includes a first cylindrical waveguide section, a tapered waveguide section, and a second cylindrical waveguide section at the aperture of the feed. Downlink signals are in signal communication with the first cylindrical waveguide section so that the downlink signals are launched into the outer waveguide and out of the feed. Uplink signals received by the inner waveguide are directed to suitable uplink reception devices. One or both of the outer or inner conductive walls include an array of radially disposed iris pins at the aperture that interact with the uplink and/or downlink signals to provide beam symmetry or equal E-plane and H-plane patterns.

Abstract: An integrated horn antenna device with an integrated circuit (IC) chip including a metallic horn structure having a wide aperture, a horizontal waveguide with a tapered via that electromagnetically communicates with a vertical waveguide structure to transmit energy to and from an electronic sub-component transceiver device forming part of the IC chip. Another embodiment of the invention comprises a plurality of multiple discrete IC chips having the integrated horn antenna devices incorporated therewith forming a module for data transmissions between these IC chips. Another embodiment of the invention includes additional external waveguide structures such as optical fibers external to the chips, where radiation is aligned between the horn structures and these waveguides. Dual damascene processing is used to fabricate the horn antenna device within the IC chip.

Abstract: A quick disconnect assembly 200 simply and quickly connects two components to one another with the high degree of accuracy while eliminating small, losable parts. The quick disconnect assembly includes a receiver 202 and a fork 206. The receiver is attached to a first fitting 204 on a first component 132. A fork end brace 205 extends out from the receiver to provide an attachment flange for the fork. The second component 137 has a second fitting 208 that is correspondingly shaped to mate against the first fitting and to house within the receiver. The fork is attached via a lanyard to the second fitting. The fork includes a securement knob 210 having threadings 207 that projects through the base of the fork. Rotation of the knob advances or retracts the threadings. The legs of the fork contain protrusions 212 and 214 are correspondingly shaped to mate with depressions 216 and 218 in the receiver.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) power distribution network includes a block assembly having integrated therein a network of waveguides and a plurality of waveguide power dividers. The block assembly has an input waveguide and N output waveguides. The waveguides and waveguide power dividers form a waveguide network for dividing the power of an RF signal present at the input waveguide among the N output waveguides. The RF distribution network can be adapted for use as a feed network for phased array antenna systems.

Abstract: A high-isolation broadband polarization diverse circular waveguide feed apparatus capable of supporting any arbitrary linear, right-hand circular, left-hand circular or elliptically polarized electromagnetic wave with desirable performance over a broad range of frequencies and small size is disclosed. The waveguide feed employs the combination of a symmetrical shaped conical frustrum waveguide and circular waveguide segments together with a novel arrangement of orthogonal and nonplanar electric field probes and radio frequency impedance posts to achieve broad bandwidth, low cross-polarization when operating in arbitrary linear mode, and high-isolation for rejection of undesired cross-polarization components when operating in circular or elliptical polarization mode. Details of a 10.95-12.7 gigahertz embodiment of the waveguide feed including dimensions are provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a horn antenna for a radar-filling level measuring device having an antenna envelope (3) that comprises a flaring hollow space (4) of the antenna, in which a filling (10) is present at least in part filling up said hollow space (4) of the antenna, and having an encasing (10, 20) of a dielectric material and enclosing the outside of the antenna envelope (3) and closing the opening (3a) of the hollow space of the hollow space (4) of the antenna.

Abstract: The present invention provides a low cost microstrip line with low loss and a microwave device using the microstrip line. The microstrip line comprises (a) a dielectric substrate for general purpose use with relatively high loss in a microwave frequency, (b) a strip conductor foil disposed on the front surface of the substrate, (c) a metal plate for grounding disposed in contact with the back of the dielectric substrate, and (d) an air layer formed on a portion of the metal plate for grounding, the portion facing to the strip conductor foil.

Abstract: The primary radiator comprises a circular waveguide having a cone-shaped horn portion at one end and an enclosing surface at the other end, and a first and second probes inserted into the waveguide through a wall thereof. A plurality of cutout portions are formed at an open end of the horn portion. Two or more pairs of cutout portions are disposed symmetrically with respect to an axis of the waveguide and a depth of each cutout portion is adjusted to be about one quarter of the wavelength of the radio wave &lgr;0 transmitted through the air. With such a configuration, the phase reversal of surface currents flowing through the cutout portions and an adjacent projecting portion (a portion without cutout portions) take place, and a side lobe of a radiation pattern can be reduced considerably.

Abstract: A primary radiator includes a waveguide holding a dielectric feeder on which a radiation part, an impedance-conversion part, and a phase-conversion part are integrally formed. The radiator part widens from the aperture of the waveguide, and the phase-conversion part intersects a probe at an angle of substantially 45 degrees. Also, on the impedance-conversion part, a pair of curved surfaces are formed converging in the direction from the radiator part to the phase-conversion part, the impedance-conversion part has a cross-sectional shape which includes an approximately quadratic curve, and the thickness of the dielectric feeder converges such that the thickness gradually decreases in the direction from the radiator part to the phase-conversion part.

Abstract: A ridged feed horn antenna for use in broadband satellite communications. This multi-ridged feed horn operates in a receive band of 10-13 GHz and a transmit band of 14-15 GHz. The ridged feed horn antenna comprises excitation conductors which excite the field between each of the ridges in the feed horn antenna. The excitation conductors are connected to each of the ridges. A waveguide, terminated at the back of the horn antenna, enables the ridges to guide the energy from their respective excitation conductors toward the mouth of the feed horn antenna. A planar balun and matching circuit, located at the back of the horn antenna, may be used to feed each of the excitation conductors. Furthermore, the cross-section of each excitation conductor is chosen so as to optimize horn antenna performance. Each excitation conductor extends outwardly from the back of the horn and is parallel to the longitudinal axes of the horn waveguide.

Abstract: Quad ridged horn antennas which may be individually disposed at the focal point of a parabolic reflector, or in an antenna array of parabolic reflectors. In the field of satellite communications, focus-fed parabolic reflectors are required to be compact yet provide broadband signal services. As such, the antenna horn feed structure must be very compact and provide equally broadband services. In order to provide uniform excitation of a parabolic reflector antenna, the antenna must have equal beamwidths in the E plane and the H plane. The quad ridged horn antenna of the invention equalizes these beamwidths through of a conductive ring around the mouth of the horn antenna. Matching the E plane and the H plane beam widths results in uniform excitation of a parabolic reflector. The conductive ring is advantageously effective for exciting a reflector or an array of reflectors in two closely spaced bands, such as the Ku band.

Abstract: In a primary radiator, a dielectric plate is fixed to the interior of a hollow first waveguide having, at one end, an opening shaped like a regular square, and is substantially orthogonal to two parallel sides of the opening. A second waveguide of rectangular cross section is coaxially connected to the other end of the first waveguide. A pair of probes are disposed at an angle of approximately 45° with respect to the dielectric plate so as to protrude from flat inner wall surfaces of the second waveguide toward the center axis.

Abstract: A dielectric feeder has a holding portion inserted into the interior of a waveguide and a horn-shaped radiating portion having different radiation angles in major- and minor-axis directions. A plurality of annular grooves each having a depth corresponding to about a quarter wavelength of a radio wavelength &lgr;0 is formed in an end face of the radiating portion. An outer peripheral surface of the holding portion is cut out at circumferentially opposed positions axially in parallel with each other to form a pair of flat surfaces. Both flat surfaces are positioned in the major axis directions of the radiating portion and are thereby allowed to function as a phase compensating portion for compensating a propagative phase difference induced in the radiating portion. Further, there is formed a stepped hole comprising two recesses which are contiguous to each other from an end face of the holding portion toward the interior of the holding portion.

Abstract: Methods of fabricating air-filed true-time-delay, continuous transverse stub array antenna. A plurality of extruded sections that are physically independent of one another are fabricated. The plurality of extruded sections are arranged in a predefined pattern defining the structure of the array antenna. Adjacent surfaces of the extruded sections form waveguides of the array antenna. The plurality of extruded sections are joined together at their respective ends to form the array antenna. The plurality of extruded sections may be joined using a plurality of end plates. The plurality of extruded sections and end plates may comprise metal or plastic. If the extruded sections are plastic, they are metallized 44 using a process such as vacuum deposition, electroless plating, or lamination during the extrusion process. The end plates are sealed to the extruded sections to form the array antenna structure.

Abstract: A satellite broadcast system and method, particularly useful for television signals, allows for local as well as nationwide broadcast service by allocating greater satellite resources to the more important local service areas. This is accomplished by broadcasting a non-uniform pattern of local service beams and designing the system to establish different service area priorities through factors such as the individual beam powers, sizes, roll-off characteristics and peak-to-edge power differentials. Frequency reuse is enhanced by permitting a certain degree of cross-beam interference, with lower levels of interference established for the more important service areas.

Abstract: A feed horn assembly has an elongated horn portion having an end aperture and a generally cylindrical metallic interior surface and an elongated dielectric rod portion substantially centered with respect to the horn portion and having an elongated tapered end part extending in the direction of the horn aperture is described. The same type of feed horn assembly with the cylindrical metallic portion removed so as to leave only the tapered dielectric rod to provide small blockage. The horn is designed so as to have a minimal diameter and length and yet can produce a symmetrical horn pattern with a substantially stationary phase center over a large bandwidth. The design procedure also allows maintenance of these symmetrical patterns over a large gain range (6 to 18 dbi).

Abstract: A primary radiator comprises a base part in an upper surface of which a groove having a width of ½ to {fraction (1/1)} of the signal wavelength of a high frequency signal and a depth of about ¼ of the signal wavelength is formed as a waveguide for the high frequency signal, and a moving part which is placed in such a manner as to cover the groove, and which includes a coupling window for an electromagnetic wave of the high frequency signal and a reflecting member that is formed on a lower surface of the moving part in such a manner as to fit in a cross section of the groove and is positioned away from the coupling window by ⅛ to {fraction (1/1)} of the guide wavelength of the high frequency signal.

Abstract: A conductive-transmission-line waveguide converter comprising a waveguide for transmitting an electromagnetic wave, a wiring board brought into contact with a side of the waveguide opposite to a side of the waveguide for inputting an electromagnetic wave, being oriented perpendicularly to a longitudinal axis of the waveguide, a first probe provided in an area on the wiring board inside the waveguide for taking in a first linearly polarized wave, and a second probe provided in an area on the wiring board inside the waveguide for taking in a second linearly polarized wave perpendicular to the first linearly polarized wave, wherein the first probe and the second probe are respectively created along mutually perpendicular first and second axis lines, which both pass through a cross point of the wiring board and the longitudinal axis of the waveguide, and a first center line passing through the middle of each transversal line segment of the first probe is shifted from the first axis line and a second center line p

Abstract: An antenna suited for receiving/transmitting electromagnetic signals from/to at least two satellites, which are fixedly placed at points on the geostationary path, is waveguide or lens type, formed by a multitude of waveguiding channels, which for example can be rotationally symmetrically arranged about an axis. Signals from remote points, which arrive in directions somewhat deviating from the direction of the axis, e.g. in an angle &agr;in thereto, exit after being refracted in the antenna in a different direction, so that the angle &agr;ut on the exit side differs from the angle &agr;in on the entrance side. It is achieved by having all of the waveguiding channels form suitably adapted angles to the axis. For a concave antenna it can give an increased separation between the positions, to which signals from remote objects are refracted by the antenna. It results in, for example, large more efficient receiver horns being used for the same size of the antenna.

Abstract: A space-fed active array lens antenna system has an active array lens with a first array of radiating elements defining a front antenna aperture which transmits and receives RF energy from free space, a second array of radiating elements defining a rear antenna aperture which transmits and receives RF energy from a feed aperture, and an array of transmit/receive (T/R) modules sandwiched between the front aperture and rear aperture. The T/R modules include a phase control circuit and an amplitude control circuit which provide phase and amplitude control for RF signals passing through the modules. The feed aperture includes a wide band CTS aperture which produces a plane wave in the near field.

Abstract: The present invention provides various wave-guides and support structures that are used in conjunction with feed structures to form compact antennas. Specifically, in one embodiment, the present invention provides a wave-guide design used for connecting the feed of an antenna to various electronics, such as a transmitter or receiver. The wave-guide of this embodiment includes a first end for connecting to the feed and a second end for connection to either a transmitter, receiver, or other electronic components. Importantly, the body of the wave-guide extends in a direction towards the reflector of the antenna so that the second end of the wave-guide is positioned closer to the reflector than the first end of the wave-guide. As such, the transmitter or receiver that is connected to the second end of the wave-guide is located in close relationship with the reflector, thereby creating a compact, aesthetically pleasing antenna structure.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a system and method by which radio transceiver equipment may be coupled to antenna equipment polarized in either of two orthogonal polarizations without requiring any adaptation or additional componentry while providing the same signal path attributes irrespective of the polarization chosen. Accordingly, a single transceiver/antenna unit may be utilized for providing communications polarized vertically, or slant right, and polarized horizontally, or slant left.

Abstract: A horn antenna including first and second substrates having at least one first and at least one second horn shaped cavity formed in the first and second substrates, respectively. The horn shaped cavities taper from a narrow end and have a longitudinal axis along a plane parallel to a top surface of the first and second substrates. The second horn shaped cavity is disposed opposite the first horn shaped cavity and is a mirror image of the first horn shaped cavity. Internal surfaces of the first and second horn shaped cavities include a metalization layer. The horn antenna is fabricated by forming at least one mask having a longitudinally extending mask opening on the first and second substrates and preferentially etching the first and second substrate through the mask opening to form the first and second horn shaped cavities.

Abstract: A millimeter or submillimeter wavelength device including a substrate having a horn shaped cavity, and first and second extension layers formed on a top surface of the substrate adjacent to the horn shaped cavity. The first and second extension layers define additional opposed sides of the horn shaped cavity, channels, and walls of the waveguide. Internal surfaces of the horn shaped cavity, the channels, and the waveguide walls include a conductive layer. Two such structures, which are mirror images of each other, are joined to form a horn antenna with integrated channels and a waveguide. The device is fabricated by forming a resist layer on a substrate which includes a horn shaped cavity. The resist layer is etched to form a half horn antenna, channels and walls of a waveguide. Internal surfaces of the half horn antenna, the channels, and the walls of the waveguide are then metalized. Two such metalized structures are then joined to form a full horn antenna integrated with channels and a waveguide.

Abstract: An apparatus for broadening the radiation pattern of a waveguide horn includes an input waveguide feed including a non-circular waveguide horn having a non-circular aperture, and a dielectric lens shaped as a toroid having an interior opening and an outside circumference, the toroid being cut along an imaginary plane extending generally parallel to a diameter of the toroid and being positioned generally coaxially adjacent the non-circular aperture.

Abstract: A multi-step circular horn system may have several steps and may use more than one flared section based upon design considerations. In order to achieve high aperture efficiency, the aperture field distribution is close to uniform. For good cross-polar performance, the field distribution is circularly symmetric. Location and shape of the steps is determined by the wavelength of the signal being transmitted and the space constraints imposed by the antenna design. The step discontinuities generate desired modes of operation in the right proportion.

Abstract: A microwave radiating element including first and second means for conveying electromagnetic waves in respective first and second frequency bands, wherein the first and second means are coaxial.

Abstract: An antenna for transmitting microwaves is provided, which radiates microwaves to be transmitted as far as possible uncorrupted into free space and operates in a low-loss manner, having a circular waveguide (13) short-circuited at the end on one side, in which circular waveguide a transmitting element (15, 33) for feeding in microwaves is arranged, a funnel-shaped horn (25) adjoining an open end of the circular waveguide (13), the radius of which horn increases in the direction facing away from the circular waveguide, and an insert (27) made of a dielectric, which insert has a first cylindrical section (29), which fills the circular waveguide (13), and which insert has a conical section (31), whose tip points in the direction facing away from the circular waveguide and whose base area has a diameter which is greater than a diameter of the cylindrical section (29).