Abstract: The present invention discloses a transparent display, comprising a backlight module, a lower polarizer, a phase delay thin film, a liquid crystal layer and an upper polarizer, which are sequentially stacked up in an image display direction, and the transparent display alternately comprises a plurality of transparent regions and a plurality of display regions in a first direction perpendicular with the image display direction, and the phase delay thin film comprises a plurality of first phase delay thin films located in the plurality of transparent regions and a plurality of second phase delay thin films located in the plurality of display regions, and the plurality of first phase delay thin films provide a first phase delay, and the plurality of second phase delay thin films provide a second phase delay, and a difference of the first phase delay and the second phase delay is ?/2.

Abstract: The present application provides a multiple steady state LCD panel, in which a side of a first substrate close to a liquid crystal layer has a first plane electrode and spaced several horizontal electrodes disposed thereon, a side of a second substrate close to the liquid crystal layer has a second plane electrode disposed thereon; the liquid crystal layer includes plural positive liquid crystal molecules and bipolar low molecular weight alignment molecules; thus, to adopt PI materials for the horizontal or perpendicular alignment of the liquid crystal molecules is not needed for the present application. By adjusting one or two of the voltage applied to the first plane electrode and the second plane electrode and the voltage applied to any two of the horizontal electrodes, the positive liquid crystal molecules are arranged at a specific angle under an alignment action of the bipolar low molecular weight alignment molecules.

Abstract: This invention discloses methods and apparatus for providing a variable optic insert into an ophthalmic lens. The variable optic insert may have surfaces within that have differing radii of curvature. A liquid crystal layer may be used to provide a variable optic function and in some embodiments, an alignment layer for the liquid crystal layer may be patterned in a radially dependent manner. The patterning may allow for the index of refraction of the optic device to vary in a gradient-indexed or GRIN manner. An energy source is capable of powering the variable optic insert included within the ophthalmic lens. In some embodiments, an ophthalmic lens is cast-molded from a silicone hydrogel. The various ophthalmic lens entities may include electroactive liquid crystal layers to electrically control optical characteristics.

Abstract: This invention discloses methods and apparatus for providing a variable optic insert into an ophthalmic lens. A liquid crystal layer may be used to provide a variable optic function and in some embodiments, an alignment layer for the liquid crystal layer may be patterned in a radially dependent manner. The patterning may allow for the index of refraction of the optic device to vary in a gradient indexed or GRIN manner. At least a first layer of dielectric material that may vary in thickness at least across the optic zone of the device may aid in defining an electric field across the liquid crystal layer. An energy source is capable of powering the variable optic insert included within the ophthalmic lens. In some embodiments, an ophthalmic lens is cast-molded from a silicone hydrogel. The various ophthalmic lens entities may include electroactive liquid crystal layers to electrically control optical characteristics.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel includes substrates opposed to each other, a liquid crystal layer interposed between the substrates, a seal line surrounding an outer peripheral portion of the liquid crystal layer and disposed between the substrates and a liquid crystal alignment layer including a polyimide, the liquid crystal alignment layer including a first region and a second region disposed in an outer peripheral portion of the first region and disposed on one surface of at least one of the substrates, wherein at least a portion of the second region is overlapped with the seal line, the second region having a surface roughness value greater than that of the first region.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a controllable diffraction device for a light modulator device. The controllable diffraction device comprises at least two substrates, at least one electrode on each of said substrates facing each other, and liquid crystals forming at least one liquid crystal layer arranged between said electrodes on said substrates. The orientation of the liquid crystals is controllable by a voltage supplied to the electrodes. The liquid crystal layer is provided on at least one alignment layer arranged on at least one electrode on said substrates. The liquid crystals close to the alignment layer are pre-oriented by at least one pre-tilt angle relative to the alignment layer such that the resulting light diffraction in opposite spatial directions is approximately equal.

Abstract: A curved liquid crystal display is provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a touch display device and its manufacturing method. The touch display device includes a first substrate and a second substrate arranged opposite to each other, a liquid crystal layer arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate, and receiver electrodes arranged on the first substrate and spaced apart from each other. First transparent electrodes spaced apart from each other are arranged on the first substrate and below the receiver electrodes in a direction where a display electrode on the second substrate is projected onto the first substrate. The first transparent electrode is spaced apart from the receiver electrode through an insulating layer, and connected to a constant potential.

Abstract: A display panel, a preparing method thereof and a display device are provided. The method of preparing a display panel includes steps of: coating an alignment material on both a display region of an array substrate and an electrode region of the array substrate located around a periphery of the display region; aligning the alignment material; assembling the aligned array substrate and an aligned color filter substrate into an assembly; cutting the assembly of the array substrate and the color filter substrate into a plurality of display panel units, such that the electrode region of the array substrate is not covered by the color filter substrate in each of the display panel units; and removing the alignment material covering the electrode region of the array substrate so as to expose the electrode region.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid-crystal display device capable of maintaining a high voltage holding ratio even without an alignment film. The liquid-crystal display device of the present invention includes a pair of substrates, a liquid crystal layer which is sandwiched between the substrates and which contains a liquid crystal material, and a polymer layer which is disposed on a surface of each of the substrates and which controls the alignment of liquid crystal molecules. The outermost surfaces of both the substrates comprise substantially no alignment film. The polymer layer is formed by polymerizing one or more radical polymerizable monomer species added to the liquid crystal layer. At least one species of the one or more radical polymerizable monomer species is a biphenyl compound having a specific structure.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display device, a TFT substrate and a counter substrate are bonded by a sealing material, with a liquid crystal interposed between the two substrates. An alignment film has a two-layer structure of a lower alignment film not subjected to photo alignment treatment and an upper alignment film subjected to photo alignment treatment and contacting the liquid crystal. A hollow with an increased film thickness is formed in an end portion of the lower alignment film. An end portion of the upper alignment film is determined by the hollow of the lower alignment film. The material, process conditions, or other conditions of the lower alignment film for easy control of outer end dimensions can be selected to easily control the profile of the alignment film as a whole. Thus, it is possible to avoid the reduction of reliability due to the reduction of the bonding strength between the sealing material and the alignment film.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display, a pretilt value provided by an upper alignment layer or a lower alignment layer is gradually changed in one domain, such that liquid crystal molecules have various arrangements in which azimuth angles of aligned liquid crystal molecules are gradually changed.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes: a step of preparing a lower panel in which a pixel electrode is formed and which is coated with a lower alignment layer including reactive mesogen; a step of preparing an upper panel in which a common electrode is formed and which is coated with an upper alignment layer including reactive mesogen; a step of forming a display panel assembly by injecting a liquid crystal between the lower panel and the upper panel and bonding the lower panel and the upper panel; a step of pre-tilting the liquid crystal by applying a voltage to the display panel assembly and primarily irradiating ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 310 nm to 380 nm; and a step of removing remaining reactive mesogen by secondarily irradiating ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 300 nm to 360 nm to the display panel assembly.

Abstract: A transparent display includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a liquid crystal molecule layer, a first liquid crystal cell layer, a second liquid crystal cell layer and a thermal reaction type high polymer film. The second substrate is disposed opposed to the first substrate. The liquid crystal molecule layer has a plurality of liquid crystal molecules and is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first liquid crystal cell layer has a plurality of first liquid crystal cells and is disposed between the first substrate and the liquid crystal molecule layer. The second liquid crystal cell layer has a plurality of second liquid crystal cells and is disposed between the liquid crystal molecule layer and the second substrate. The thermal reaction type high polymer film is disposed between the second liquid crystal cell layer and the second substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid crystal display (LCD) device. The LCD device includes a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other, a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate, an alignment layer on at least one of the first and second substrates for alignment of liquid crystals in the liquid crystal layer, and a sealant in an edge area of each of the first and second substrates to bond the first substrate to the second substrate, the sealant including a diene compound.

Abstract: In an aspect, an liquid crystal display including a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate and including liquid crystals, a first alignment polymer, and a second alignment polymer is provided, In an aspect, the first alignment polymer is formed by radiating electromagnetic radiation on a first alignment aid photoreactive in a first wavelength region, the second alignment polymer is formed by radiating electromagnetic radiation on a second alignment aid photoreactive in a second wavelength region, and the first wavelength region and the second wavelength region are different from each other.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid crystal display.

Abstract: A semiconductor structure for back side illumination (BSI) pixel sensors is provided. Photodiodes are arranged within a semiconductor substrate. A metal grid overlies the semiconductor substrate and is made up of metal grid segments that surround outer perimeters of the photodiodes, respectively, such that first openings within the metal grid overlie the photodiodes, respectively. A low-n grid is made up of low-n grid segments that surround the respective outer perimeters of the photodiodes, respectively, such that second openings within the low-n grid overlie the photodiodes, respectively. Color filters are arranged in the first and second openings of the photodiodes and have a refractive index greater than a refractive index of the low-n grid. A substrate isolation grid extends into the semiconductor substrate and is made up of isolation grid segments that surround outer perimeters of the photodiodes, respectively. A method for manufacturing the BSI pixel sensors is also provided.

Abstract: Devices and methods for using changes in the defects in micrometer sized dispersed liquid crystal domains to detect or quantify analytes in a test sample, including endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS), are disclosed. The dispersed liquid crystal microdomains are exposed to the test sample, and any changes in the number of defects in the liquid crystal microdomains are detected by detecting changes in the anchoring configuration of the microdomains. Such changes in anchoring configuration indicate the presence of analyte in the test sample.

Abstract: Provided is a fabrication method of a display device. The method includes providing an alignment solution on at least one of a first substrate and a second substrate, curing the alignment solution to form a main alignment layer, and providing a liquid crystal composition including liquid crystal molecules to form a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate. The alignment solution or the liquid crystal composition includes a reactive mesogen represented by the following Formula 1.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display panel is provided, which comprises steps of: manufacturing an array substrate; manufacturing a color film substrate; coating a pixel alignment film on the pixel electrode layer; performing a first optical alignment process on the pixel alignment film; coating a common alignment film on the common electrode layer; performing a second optical alignment process on the common alignment film; and performing an encasing alignment process on the array substrate and the color film substrate. This solves the technological problem of white dropouts on the screen from certain viewing angles.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a polymer sustained vertical alignment (PSVA) liquid crystal displays (LCD) panel includes: A: layering an alignment film on a substrate; B: forming an active reactive monomer layer on a surface of the alignment film; C: coating a liquid crystal layer on a surface of the active reactive monomer layer; and D: sealing the LC layer, and performing optical alignment on LC molecules of the LC layer.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device with which response characteristics are able to be easily improved without using major equipment is provided. The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device includes steps of forming a first alignment film including a polymer compound having a crosslinkable functional group as a side chain on one substrate of a pair of substrates; forming a second alignment film on the other substrate of the pair of substrates; arranging the pair of substrates so that the first alignment film and the second alignment film are opposed to each other, and sealing a liquid crystal layer containing a liquid crystal molecule having negative dielectric constant anisotropy between the first alignment film and the second alignment film; and bridging the polymer compound to give pre-tilt to the liquid crystal molecule 41 after sealing the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes: a gate line disposed on a first substrate; a gate insulating layer disposed on the gate line; a semiconductor layer disposed on the gate insulating layer; a data line disposed on the semiconductor layer and including a source electrode; a drain electrode disposed on the semiconductor layer and facing the source electrode via the semiconductor layer interposed therebetween; a passivation layer disposed on the data line and the drain electrode; a pixel electrode disposed on the passivation layer and connected to the drain electrode; a first alignment pattern layer disposed on the pixel electrode; and a first alignment layer disposed on the pixel electrode and the first alignment pattern layer and made of a photoalignment material, wherein the first alignment pattern layer includes a plurality of first alignment patterns separated with a predetermined interval, and the first alignment layer has a concave-convex shape

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device including disposing an alignment solution including an alignment agent, reactive mesogens and a solvent on at least one of a first substrate or a second substrate. The alignment solution is cured to form a main alignment layer. A liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The main alignment layer and the liquid crystal layer are heated to elute the reactive mesogens into the liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal layer is exposed to light to react the reactive mesogens.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal display device having excellent viewing angle characteristics and high contrast in a display mode using both a vertical electric field and a horizontal electric field. This liquid crystal display device is provided with a first substrate and a second substrate disposed facing each other, and a liquid crystal layer held between said first and second substrates. The liquid crystal layer contains liquid crystal molecules having a negative dielectric anisotropy. The first substrate is provided with a flat plate first electrode, a first insulating layer, and a second electrode provided in a layer other than that of the first electrode and provided separated from the first electrode by the first insulating layer. The second electrode has multiple comb-tooth sections and multiple slits, and the second substrate has a flat plate third electrode.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device with which response characteristics are able to be easily improved without using major equipment is provided. The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device includes steps of forming a first alignment film including a polymer compound having a crosslinkable functional group as a side chain on one substrate of a pair of substrates; forming a second alignment film on the other substrate of the pair of substrates; arranging the pair of substrates so that the first alignment film and the second alignment film are opposed to each other, and sealing a liquid crystal layer containing a liquid crystal molecule having negative dielectric constant anisotropy between the first alignment film and the second alignment film; and bridging the polymer compound to give pre-tilt to the liquid crystal molecule 41 after sealing the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal display that includes: a first substrate; a thin film transistor disposed on the first substrate; a first electrode connected to the thin film transistor; and a first alignment layer disposed on the first electrode. The first alignment layer is formed by polymerizing a diamine and at least one of cyclobutane dianhydride (CBDA) and a cyclobutane dianhydride (CBDA) derivative. A decomposition efficiency representing a change in imidization ratio included before and after light exposure of the first alignment layer is in a range of 10% to 30%.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate including a first alignment film covering a pixel electrode, a second substrate including a second alignment film covering a second common electrode, a sealant attaching the first substrate and the second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer held between the first alignment film and the second alignment film, wherein the first alignment film and the second alignment film are formed of a material in which a principal chain is composed of silica (SiO2), and extend at a position overlapping the sealant between an inner face and an outer face of the sealant.

Abstract: The embodiments of the invention disclose a display substrate, a method for fabricating the same and a liquid crystal display panel. The display panel is used for constructing a transflective liquid crystal display panel including a transmissive region and a reflective region. The display substrate includes an alignment layer which comprises a first alignment structure in the transmissive region and a second alignment structure in the reflective region. The first alignment structure is an oblique alignment structure and the second alignment structure is a vertical alignment structure.

Abstract: A display panel includes a first substrate including a first conducting wire disposed on an inner side of the first substrate, a second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate, where a gate line and a first connecting terminal for transmitting a gate drive signal are disposed on a side of the second substrate facing the first substrate, the gate line includes a second connecting terminal at one end of the gate line; and a connecting layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first connecting terminal and the second connecting terminal are electrically connected to two ends of the first conducting wire via the connecting layer respectively, and the second connecting terminal is electrically connected to the first connecting terminal via the first conducting wire, so the gate drive signal transmitted from the first connecting terminal is received by the gate line.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a substrate, an alignment layer disposed on the substrate and in which a pinhole is defined in the alignment unit, the alignment layer including an alignment unit including a vertical functional group and a photoreactive group, and a repair layer filled in the pinhole, wherein the repair layer and the alignment unit include a solvent and polymers, and the solvent of the repair layer and the alignment unit includes at least two materials with the same content, and a polymer content of the repair layer is less than a polymer content of the alignment unit.

Abstract: Provided is a display device, in which: a plurality of spacers placed between a first substrate and a second substrate include a first spacer placed between a first thin film transistor and a second thin film transistor and a second spacer placed between the first thin film transistor and a third thin film transistor; and a distance between a center of the first spacer and a center of a line width of a first data line is smaller than a distance between a center of the second spacer and a center of a line width of a second data line.

Abstract: A display panel and a fabricating method thereof are provided, and the display panel (100) comprises: a first substrate (11); a second substrate (12), arranged parallel to the first substrate; an anode/cathode (41), formed on the first substrate; a cathode/anode (42), formed on the second substrate; a first alignment layer (31), provided on the anode/cathode and comprising a plurality of first sub-alignment layers (311) having a first alignment direction and a plurality of second sub-alignment layers (312) having a second alignment direction alternately arranged in a first direction, and a angle between the first alignment direction and the second alignment direction being 90 degrees; a second alignment layer (32), provided on the cathode/anode and comprising a plurality of third sub-alignment layers (323) having the first alignment direction and a plurality of fourth sub-alignment layers (324) having the second alignment direction alternately arranged in the first direction, and the first sub-alignment layer

Abstract: A liquid crystal display including a partial plate electrode along with a minute pattern in pixel electrode thereby increasing the viewing angle and the lateral visibility of the liquid crystal display, as well as the response speed. A step provider is provided to reinforce the control force of the liquid crystal molecules, thereby reducing the texture generated in the center of the pixel.

Abstract: A photo-alignment exposure device that includes a first mask and a first exposure device that independently proximity-exposes a first divided area, a second mask and a second exposure device that independently proximity-exposes a second divided area adjacent to the first divided area, and a third mask and a third exposure device that exposes an area on a side of the first divided area near a boundary between the first divided area and the second divided area. The third exposure device is provided with a photo-irradiation angle same as that of the first exposure device or the second exposure device with respect to an exposed surface. A condensing element that condenses the mask transmitted light on the area on a side of the first divided area near the boundary is provided between the mask opening of the third mask and the exposed surface.

Abstract: A mono domain vertical alignment type liquid crystal display apparatus to be multiplex driven is provided whose display uniformity at a large pretilt angle (near 90°) is improved. Waveform A is applied to a liquid crystal cell of a mono domain vertical alignment type, the waveform A having a duty not lower than 4 and a frame frequency of f. The frame frequency f is determined from a pretilt angle ?p, and is a frequency not lower than 60 Hz at a pretilt angle of 88.5°??p<89.6° or a frequency not lower than [120×(?p?89.6)+60] Hz at a pretilt angle of 89.6°??p?89.9°.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal light valve comprising: a first substrate where a first polymer layer is formed thereon; a second substrate where a second polymer layer is formed thereon, the first polymer layer is opposite to the second polymer; and a liquid crystal material layer filled in between the first polymer layer and the second polymer layer, wherein the first polymer layer and the second polymer layer have a roughened surface, and the roughened surface is disposed between the first polymer layer and the liquid crystal material layer, or between the second polymer layer and the liquid crystal material layer.

Abstract: A connection pad group for photo-alignment process of liquid crystal panel is disclosed. The connection pad group has a plurality of subgroups. Each subgroup includes at least one common-line connection pad, gate-line connection pad, data-line connection pad and common-electrode connection pad. The common-line connection pads are connected to a first extension connection pad together; the gate-line connection pads are connected to a second extension connection pad together; the data-line connection pads are connected to a third extension connection pad together; the common-electrode connection pads are connected to a fourth extension connection pad together. The present invention prevents poor electrical contact from occurring between pads and a voltage-applying device since the pads are small in size and excessive in number.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes first and second substrate facing each other, a pixel electrode and a common electrode on an inner surface of the first substrate and generating an electric field substantially parallel to the first substrate, a first alignment layer on the inner surface of the first substrate and homeotropically aligned, a first polarizer on an outer surface of the first substrate and having a first polarization axis, a second alignment layer on an inner surface of the second substrate and homogeneously aligned, a second polarizer on an outer surface of the second substrate and having a second polarization axis perpendicular to the first polarization axis, and a liquid crystal layer between the first and second alignment layers.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate, a first alignment film formed over the first substrate, a second substrate, a second alignment film formed over the second substrate, a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first alignment film and the second alignment film, and a projecting portion formed over the second substrate. The first alignment film is a photo alignment film, and a thickness “d2” of the second alignment film over the projecting portion and a film thickness “d1” of a portion of the first alignment film facing the projecting portion satisfy formula (1) and (2): 0 nm<d2<30 nm??(1); d2<d1??(2).

Abstract: In a method of forming a liquid crystal display device, a black matrix is disposed on a substrate including a switching element formed thereon, a color filter is disposed on the switching element, a pixel electrode is electrically connected to the switching element, and a first alignment layer is disposed on the pixel electrode, to form a first substrate. A second substrate including a second alignment layer is formed. At least one of the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer includes a reactive mesogen. A liquid crystal layer is interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. A light is irradiated onto the second substrate to provide pretilt angles of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: A method of aligning an alignment layer of a liquid crystal display (LCD) includes positioning a substrate on a stage; the substrate having the alignment layer provided thereon and the alignment layer including a plurality of alignment regions. Data identifying positions of the alignment regions relative to the alignment layer are loaded. A control signal for controlling a supply of light based on the loaded data identifying the positions of the alignment regions is generated. The light is supplied to the alignment regions according to the control signal and the alignment regions are aligned. The light is supplied from at least two different angles of incidence so that the alignment regions are aligned in at least two different directions.

Abstract: A method for preparing a negative optical compensation assembly includes: first providing an alignment chamber composed of a vertical alignment substrate and a horizontal alignment substrate and filling into the alignment chamber a liquid crystal mixture comprising a polymerizable discotic liquid crystal, an adjunct alignment agent, and an ultraviolet absorption pigment, and subjecting the vertical alignment substrate to ultraviolet radiation so as to polymerize the polymerizable discotic liquid crystal within the alignment chamber, thereby obtain the negative optical compensation assembly. This method can obtain hybrid alignment of discotic liquid crystal via a simple process, and therefore reduce the complexity for manufacturing the negative optical compensation assembly.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a substrate and a thin film transistor disposed on the substrate. A pixel electrode is connected to the thin film transistor. A roof layer faces the pixel electrode. A plurality of microcavities are disposed between the pixel electrode and the roof layer. A first microcavity is filled with a liquid crystal material. A first injection hole and a second injection hole are disposed at edges of the first microcavity. A height of the first and second injection holes are different. A plurality of grooves extending in a first direction are disposed between the plurality of microcavities. An alignment material layer is disposed on at least one of the grooves.

Abstract: An IPS type liquid crystal display device superior in mass productivity and improved in image quality with a higher contrast ratio by decreasing the occurrence of defective display due to the disorder of the initial liquid crystal alignment by the liquid orientation control film and realizing stable alignment of liquid crystals comprises: a pair of substrates, at least one which is transparent; a liquid crystal layer disposed between the pair of substrates; a group of electrodes formed on at least one of the pair of substrates to apply an electric field to the liquid crystal layer; plural active elements connected to the group of electrodes; and an orientation control film disposed on at least one of the pair of substrates, wherein said orientation control film is made of a photosensitive polyimide and a polyamide acid ester and is given orientation control ability by being irradiated with substantially linearly polarized light.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix, each pixel having: first and second substrates; a first electrode formed on an opposing face of the first substrate opposing the second substrate; a first alignment film covering the first electrode and the opposing face of the first substrate; a second electrode formed on the opposing face of the second substrate opposing the first substrate; a second alignment film covering the second electrode and the opposing face of the second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer which is provided between the first alignment film and the second alignment film and includes liquid crystal molecules, where a pretilt is imparted on the liquid crystal molecules, a plurality of uneven portions is formed on the first electrode, and a width of a portion of the convex portions provided on the first electrode becomes narrower toward the tip portion.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for liquid crystal alignment, which includes: providing a substrate, the substrate being disposed with a liquid crystal layer; using a first radiation beam and a second radiation beam to radiate the substrate, the first radiation beam being for performing alignment on liquid crystal layer and the second beam being for adjusting substrate temperature. The method and device for liquid crystal alignment of the present invention can rapidly adjust environment temperature during liquid crystal alignment and achieve optimization of reaction speed and uniformity through temperature control during polymerization. The present invention is simple in structure, easy to operate and low cost.

Abstract: A high resolution, wide viewing angle, low power consumption liquid crystal display device which utilizes nematic liquid crystal and which can attain both the memory effect and wide-viewing-angle display characteristic. A liquid crystal display device that utilizes nematic liquid crystal and includes a pair of transparent substrates; a group of electrodes for applying to a liquid crystal layer disposed between the pair of substrates an electric field having a component substantially parallel to the surfaces of the substrates; and an alignment layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer and at least one of the pair of substrates and having been subjected to liquid crystal anchoring treatments in plural directions. The plurality of liquid crystal anchoring directions of the alignment layer form substantially equal angles relative to one another, and a rising angle in each of the liquid crystal anchoring directions with respect to the corresponding substrate surface is substantially zero.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device in which display defects are not easily generated even when an alignment film is not formed. The liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes a pair of substrates; and a liquid crystal layer that is held between the pair of substrates, wherein both substrates of the pair of substrates do not substantially include an alignment film, at least one substrate of the pair of substrates includes a polymer layer that controls the alignment of liquid crystal molecules adjacent thereto, the polymer layer is formed by polymerization of monomers of at least one kind included in a liquid crystal layer composition, and the monomers of at least one kind contain a compound represented by the following formula (1): (wherein A represents an acrylate group, a methacrylate group, an ethacrylate group, a vinyl group, or an allyl group; a represents 0 or 1; and m represents a natural number of 4 to 12).