Abstract: A system for forming an alignment layer of a liquid crystal display device includes a rubbing apparatus to perform a rubbing process on the alignment layer on a substrate, a pre-treatment apparatus to thermally treat the substrate, and a light irradiation apparatus to irradiate light onto the substrate. The rubbing apparatus, the pre-treatment apparatus and the light irradiation apparatus are constructed in an in-line type.

Abstract: We disclose a new method of preparing liquid crystal alignment layers that can produce controllable pretilt angles from near 0 to near 90°. It is based on the stacking of two alignment materials sequentially, with the first one being continuous and the second one being discontinuous leaving part of the first layer exposed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an integrated O film for improving a viewing angle of a TN-LCD, and a polarizer plate and TN-LCD including the same. Also disclosed herein are a compensation film which is capable of improving a contrast characteristic at a front side and an inclination angle and minimizing a color variation according to a viewing angle in a dark state, and a polarizer plate and TN-LCD including the same. The integrated O film includes a transversely-stretched negative biaxial (B) film and a positive O film laminated on the transversely-stretched negative B film.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel including a first substrate, a second substrate, a liquid crystal layer, a scan line, a data line intersects the scan line, an active device, a pixel electrode, an insulating layer covering the pixel electrode, an auxiliary electrode, a shielding electrode, and a first polymer stabilized alignment (PSA) layer is provided. The liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate includes liquid crystal molecules and a monomer material. The active device includes three terminals coupled to the scan line, the data line, and the pixel electrode. The auxiliary electrode on the insulating layer is electrically connected to the pixel electrode. The shielding electrode on the insulating layer located at peripheries of the pixel electrode surrounds the auxiliary electrode. The first PSA layer between the first substrate and the liquid crystal layer is polymerized from the monomer material in the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device that can prevent a decrease in the VHR and image sticking on the display screen because of residual DC voltage, and also can produce favorable alignment conditions; and a production method thereof. The liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes: a pair of substrates; a liquid crystal layer that contains liquid crystal molecules and is disposed between the pair of substrates; and an alignment film that is disposed on a liquid crystal layer side of at least one of the pair of substrates, the alignment film containing a polyamic acid or a polyimide with an imidization ratio of less than 100%, the liquid crystal display device including a monomolecular film on the alignment film.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes first and second substrates with a liquid crystal layer therebetween. A planer electrode and a plurality of overlapping linear electrodes are formed on the first substrate with an insulation film disposed between the planar electrode and the plurality of linear electrodes. A projecting portion is formed on one of the first and second substrates and an alignment film is formed on each of the first and second substrates and on the projection portion. The alignment films are made of a photo-decomposition-type material, and a film thickness of the alignment film on the projecting portion and a film thickness of a portion of the alignment film facing the projecting portion satisfy a predetermined relationship.

Abstract: An alignment film material according to the present invention includes: a precursor of a first polyimide (p1); a second polyimide (p2) and a precursor thereof; and a vinyl-type monomer. The vinyl-type monomer is represented by general formula (1) P1-A1-(Z1-A2)n-P2 (in general formula (1), P1 and P2 are, independently, acrylate, methacrylate, acrylamide or methacrylamide; A1 and A2 represent, independently, 1,4-phenylene, 1,4-cyclohexane or 2,5-thiophene, or naphthalene-2,6-diyl or anthracene-2,7-diyl; at least one of A1 and A2 is substituted by at least one fluorine group; and Z1 is a —COO— group, a —OCO— group, a —O— group, a —CONH— group or a single bond, where n is 0 or 1).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display. The liquid crystal display includes a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other; a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; a sealant coupling the first substrate and the second substrate and enclosing the liquid crystal layer; a display signal line arranged on the first substrate and including an end portion; and a first spacer disposed between the end portion of the display signal line and the sealant. The liquid crystal layer includes liquid crystal molecules exhibiting a pretilt alignment with respect to the first and second substrates.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display including a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other, a first alignment layer disposed on the first substrate, the first alignment layer including a vertical photo-alignment material, a second alignment layer disposed on the second substrate, the second alignment layer including a vertical alignment material, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate.

Abstract: Nematic liquid crystal cells with positive dielectric anisotropy that include colloidal suspensions having nanoclusters (e.g., CdTe nanoclusters, CdSe nanoclusters) that include a pure monolayer of ligands are provided as well as methods of inducing Freedericksz transitions in the nematic liquid crystal cells and methods of controlling the alignment of a liquid crystal.

Abstract: A first substrate and a second substrate are provided. An alignment process is performed on a surface of the first substrate and a surface of the second substrate respectively. A liquid crystal mixture is prepared, where the liquid crystal mixture includes a liquid crystal molecule and a liquid crystal monomer having a functional group of diacrylates, and the liquid crystal monomer having the functional group of diacrylates occupies 0.01-2 wt % of the liquid crystal mixture. The first substrate and the second substrate are assembled, and the liquid crystal mixture is filled therebetween. A polymerization curing process is performed such that the liquid crystal monomer having the functional group of diacrylates is polymerized to respectively form a liquid crystal polymer film on the aligned surfaces of the first and second substrates. The method enhances anchoring energy and reduces problems of V-T shift, surface gliding, and residual image.

Abstract: A production method for making a liquid crystal display device includes subjecting a first alignment film and/or a second alignment film to scanning exposure continuously over a plurality of pixel regions; the scanning exposure including, in an inside of each of a plurality of pixel regions, a first scanning exposure for aligning liquid crystal molecules in a first alignment direction and a second scanning exposure for aligning liquid crystal molecules in a second alignment direction. The second alignment direction may be parallel and opposed to the first alignment direction. In the exposures, a light beam may be made incident from a oblique direction to a normal line on the substrate surface.

Abstract: A black matrix is disposed on a surface of a first base substrate having a switching element, a color filter is disposed on the switching element in a pixel area, a pixel electrode is disposed on the first base substrate having the color filter, and a first alignment layer is disposed on the pixel electrode to form a first substrate. A common electrode layer is disposed on a second base substrate, and a second alignment layer is disposed on the common electrode layer to form a second substrate. A liquid crystal composition including a reactive mesogen (RM) is interposed between opposing surfaces of the first and second substrates. The RM is cured to form a mesogen cured product on the first and second alignment layers. Accordingly, an RM having a planar structure increases curing speed, reduces, manufacturing time, and improves quality of the LCD panel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an alignment film printing mask, and more particularly, to a jig for an alignment film printing mask. A jig according to the present invention includes a plurality of supporting members each having at least one bent portion, arranged at regular intervals along a width direction of the alignment film printing mask for supporting the alignment film printing mask, at least one connection member for connecting the supporting members, and fastening units for securing the alignment film printing mask supported by the supporting members.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) panel and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The manufacturing method includes providing a panel including a first substrate having scan lines, data lines, an active device electrically connecting the scan and data lines, and a pixel electrode electrically connecting the active device, a second substrate having an opposite electrode, and a liquid crystal (LC) layer disposed between the first and the second substrates and having a monomer material. A first curing voltage and a second curing voltage are applied to the scan and data lines, respectively. The second curing voltage is thus transmitted to the pixel electrode. The first curing voltage is higher than an absolute value of the second curing voltage. The monomer material is polymerized to form a first polymer stabilized alignment (PSA) layer between the LC layer and the first substrate and a second PSA layer between the LC layer and the second substrate. The electrical field is then removed.

Abstract: Provided is a high quality liquid crystal display device adapted to suppress scraping of alignment film and prevent micro light spot fault. The liquid crystal display device comprises: a plurality of columnar spacers and a first alignment film disposed over a first substrate; an insulation film disposed over a second substrate; and a second alignment film disposed over the insulation layer; receiving pedestals for the columnar spacers, wherein: the second alignment film is not formed over the central portion of each of the receiving pedestals; and around the outer peripheral portion of each receiving pedestal, the second alignment film has an inclined thickness distribution which is such that the thickness thereof increases gradually from the central portion to the outside position of the receiving pedestal.

Abstract: A polymerizable compound in a liquid crystal composition is polymerized in a state that liquid crystal molecules present in a gap between a pixel electrode and at least either one of signal electrodes and scanning electrodes are tilted in a direction from the at least either one of the signal electrodes and the scanning electrodes toward the pixel electrode. Preferably, the amount of the polymerizable compound remaining in the liquid crystal phase after the polymerization is not more than 0.05 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the liquid crystal. In a seal section surrounding the liquid crystal layer, a second seal wall is preferably provided at a position opposite to the liquid crystal injection inlet in the non-display section.

Abstract: To prevent a reduction in load resistance of a liquid crystal panel which is caused along with a reduction in thickness thereof, tempered glass is entirely bonded to both of front and back surfaces or one of the surfaces of the liquid crystal panel using an optical adhesive, and an amount of warp by which the liquid crystal panel alone is broken due to a pressure is set equal to or larger than that in a case of the tempered glass.

Abstract: Provided is a method of fabricating an IPS mode LCD having improved image quality. After performing a rubbing process on an entire surface of an alignment layer in the IPS mode LCD, polarization and non-polarization irradiations are partially performed on a stepped portion around an electrode using masks. Accordingly, light leakage can be prevented and the contrast ratio can be improved. Also, the high quality of image can be obtained, thereby enhancing the reliability of products. Also, when non-polarized light is irradiated on a rubbed alignment layer, a high quality image can be obtained without any separate polarization apparatus. Consequently, the manufacturing process is simplified and manufacturing costs are reduced.

Abstract: A device includes a substrate including a first insulating substrate, a first electrode located on the first insulating substrate, and a second electrode located between the first insulating substrate and the first electrode via an insulating underlayer interposed between the second and the first electrode, a substrate including a second insulating substrate and a third electrode on the second insulating substrate, a liquid crystal layer which is held between the first and the third electrode and which exhibits a transition from a first state to a second state in an initializing process, and a voltage supply unit which supplies, a first voltage to the first and the second electrodes and a second voltage to the third electrode, wherein the first electrode includes a transition nucleus forming section which forms nuclei of the transition in the liquid crystal layer on the basis of the respective voltages supplied to the respective electrodes.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) panel and a fabricating method thereof are described. First, a first substrate and a second substrate are provided. A liquid crystal monomer layer is then formed on the surface of at least one of the first and second substrates. Next, a curing step is performed to the liquid crystal monomer layer to induce a polymerization reaction, so as to form a liquid crystal polymer layer. Thereafter, the first and second substrates are assembled and a liquid crystal layer is filled between the first and second substrates.

Abstract: A polarized light emitting light guide plate includes: a transparent substrate of optically isotropic material, in which the light incident through a lateral side thereof travels; an anisotropic liquid crystal polymer layer formed on an upper surface of the substrate and having first and second refractive indices with respect to first and second perpendicular polarization components; and a polarization separation microstructure formed at an interface between the transparent substrate and the liquid crystal polymer layer, which refracts or reflects the first polarization component and transmits the second polarization component. The refractive index of the polarization separation microstructure is substantially equal to the refractive index of the substrate; the first refractive index of the liquid crystal polymer layer is greater than the refractive index of the substrate, and the second refractive index of the liquid crystal polymer layer light is substantially equal to the refractive index of the substrate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device has first and second substrates. A first electrode on the first substrate is alignment-treated and a second electrode on the second substrate is alignment-treated. A liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. Alignment-treating includes forming an alignment direction. The alignment direction of the first and second substrates is formed by irradiating an ion beam onto the first and second electrodes using an ion beam irradiation apparatus.

Abstract: Systems and methods for preparing films using sequential ion implantation, and films formed using same, are provided herein. A structure prepared using ion implantation may include a substrate; an embedded structure having pre-selected characteristics; and a film within or adjacent to the embedded structure and including ions having a perturbed arrangement arising from the presence of the embedded structure. The perturbed arrangement may include the ions being covalently bonded to each other, to the embedded structure, or to the substrate, whereas the ions instead may be free to diffuse through the substrate in the absence of the embedded structure. The embedded structure may inhibit or impede the ions from diffusing through the substrate, such that the ions instead covalently bond to each other, to the embedded structure, or to the substrate. The film may include, for example, diamond-like carbon, graphene, or SiC having a pre-selected phase.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid crystal display element which is composed of a pair of substrates (1) at least one of which is transparent. The liquid crystal display element comprises, between the pair of substrates, a transparent electrode (2), an aligning agent (3) that contains at least reactive monomers and/or oligomers (5), and a liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal display element is characterized in that an alignment layer is obtained by polymerizing the reactive monomers or oligomers contained in the aligning agent, and the liquid crystal layer is composed of a liquid crystal composition that contains a compound (4) having at least one benzene ring in each molecule, said benzene ring containing at least one fluorine atom and being disubstituted by halogen atoms.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device includes a pair of substrates, liquid crystal sandwiched between the pair of substrates, and a plurality of sub-pixels. Each sub-pixel has a transmissive display region and a reflective display region. One of the substrates has a color filter and a transparent insulating film disposed on the color filter. The transparent insulating film has a thin-walled portion provided in the transmissive display region and a region along a boundary between the adjacent sub-pixels. At least a portion of a region in which the thin-walled portion of the transparent insulating film is not provided overlaps the reflective display region. The layer thickness of the liquid crystal in the reflective display region is smaller than the layer thickness of the liquid crystal in the transmissive display region in consideration of the thin-walled portion.

Abstract: A photoalignment compound is represented by the following Chemical Formula 1, wherein “x” represents an integer in a range of 1 to 4, each of R1 and R2 represents —(CH2)n—, “n” represents an integer in a range of 1 to 6, at least one of the (—CH2—)s in R1 is replaceable with R3 represents —(CH2)mCH3, “m” represents an integer in a range of 1 to 12, each hydrogen atom of R3 is replaceable with F or Cl, R4 represents an amino group, aniline group, carboxy group, hydroxyl group, cyano group, alkylene group, or functional groups being represented by the following Chemical Formulas 2, 3, 4, or 5, each hydrogen atom of Chemical Formula 1 is replaceable with —O(CH2)kCH3, —(CH2)kCH3, F, or Cl, and “k” represents an integer in a range of 1 to 3, or 0.

Abstract: An organic solvent includes a photo decomposition type polyimide acid which forms an alignment film of a liquid crystal display device by radiation of a polarized light. A viscosity of the photo decomposition type polyimide acid is not more than 35 mPa·s.

Abstract: A composition for forming an alignment film used during formation of an alignment film with a droplet discharge method includes a solute, a first organic solvent and a second organic solvent. The solute includes an alignment film formation material. The first organic solvent dissolves the solute. The second organic solvent is for controlling surface tension. The first organic solvent includes a solvent having a lowest vapor pressure among all of solvent components in the composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device capable of preventing image sticking on a display caused by a residual DC voltage in various display modes, and a method for manufacturing thereof. The liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes a pair of substrates, a liquid crystal layer provided between the substrates, and an alignment film provided between the liquid crystal layer and at least one of the substrates, wherein the alignment film is formed by reacting an epoxy compound with a carboxyl group of one of a polyamic acid and a polyimide having a degree of imidization of less than 100%.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display element that sufficiently improves the reliability and the optical characteristics, and can be driven by a low voltage. The liquid crystal display element of the present invention includes a pair of substrates; and a liquid crystal layer sealed between the substrates. The liquid crystal layer includes liquid crystal molecules having positive dielectric constant anisotropy, at least one of the substrates includes a pair of comb-shaped electrodes, at least one of the substrates includes a vertical alignment film in a display region on a face in contact with the liquid crystal layer, and the vertical alignment film is an inorganic alignment film made of an inorganic material.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display includes; disposing a thin film transistor having an output terminal on a first substrate, disposing a pixel electrode in connection with the output terminal, disposing an inorganic layer on the pixel electrode, and converting the inorganic layer to a first alignment layer by disposing a mask on the inorganic layer and radiating an ion beam in a plurality of directions.

Abstract: This invention relates to a liquid crystal device wherein the surface profile of a surface alignment grating stabilises at least one stable state. The invention involves the introduction or breaks (34, 36, 38) or discontinuities into the grating (10) to divide the grating into a plurality of groove segments. The breaks are discontinuities in the grating in the groove direction, the grating having substantially the same groove direction on each side of the break. The introduction of breaks prevent free movement of defects along the groove of the grating and therefore help to stabilise the desired liquid crystal configuration, either a Defect state or a Continuous state. Suitable breaks involve gaps (34) in the groove ridges (30), necks (36) between the groove ridges (30) and slips or relative displacement (38) of the grating.

Abstract: To provide: a production method of a liquid crystal display device, the production method being capable of efficiently and stably providing alignment treatment for an alignment film of the liquid crystal display device, in which a plurality of domains is formed in a pixel region; and an exposure device for alignment treatment.

Abstract: A method for forming an alignment layer for a liquid crystal display includes preparing a substrate, applying an alignment material for initial alignment of a liquid crystal, and applying a field flux (e.g., an electric or magnetic field) to the alignment material to determine the alignment direction of the alignment material. Further disclosed is an apparatus for forming an alignment layer for a liquid crystal display. The apparatus comprises a substrate stage on which a substrate is mounted, and an electric or magnetic field generator installed at the periphery of the substrate stage. According to the method and the apparatus, since the alignment direction of an alignment material is determined by using an electric or magnetic field, no physical contact with a substrate is required and thus the problem of light leakage caused by rubbing alignment is solved.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device using a low duty ratio driving method with a duty ratio not smaller than 1/16 is manufactured in the following manner. A first substrate is prepared having a first electrode of a predetermined shape. A second substrate is prepared having a second electrode of a shape different from said predetermined shape, the second electrode having signal line electrodes smaller in number than those of the first electrode. An insulating film having necessary insulation is formed on each of the first and second electrodes. First and second vertical alignment films are formed above the first and second substrates, respectively, the first and second vertical alignment films covering the first and second electrodes, respectively. A rubbing process is executed only for the second vertical alignment film. The first and second substrates are disposed facing each other, and liquid crystal having a negative dielectric constant anisotropy is disposed between the first and second substrates.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display is provided that includes first and second panels facing each other, an alignment layer disposed on at least one of the first and second panels, a fixing member disposed on the surface of the alignment layer to fix the alignment structure of the alignment layer, and liquid crystal materials disposed between the first and second panels. The liquid crystal materials include liquid crystal molecules that have a pre-tilt angle and are disposed on the alignment layer.

Abstract: To provide a production method of a liquid crystal display device and a liquid crystal display device, in which generation of a joint line on a display screen is suppressed and yield can be improved even if a substrate is subjected to an alignment treatment by completing exposure for the substrate through several exposures in a liquid crystal display device including pixels each having two or more domains.

Abstract: To provide a production method of a liquid crystal display device and a liquid crystal display device, in which generation of a joint line on a display screen is suppressed and yield can be improved even if a substrate is subjected to an alignment treatment by completing exposure for the substrate through several exposures in a liquid crystal display device including pixels each having two or more domains.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display includes providing a first display panel, providing a second display panel, disposing liquid crystals and an alignment additive between the first display panel and the second display panel, applying a gradually increasing pre-tilting voltage to the first display panel and the second display panel, and hardening the alignment additive.

Abstract: A photo alignment process and a liquid crystal display using the same are provided. The photo alignment process includes the following steps. A photo alignment material layer is formed on a substrate. The photo alignment material layer is irradiated by a linearly polarized light. A surface of the photo alignment material layer is a first plane. A wave vector of the linearly polarized light is a K vector. A second plane is constructed from a normal vector of the first plane and the K vector. A polarization direction of the linearly polarized light is neither perpendicular nor parallel to the second plane.

Abstract: A VA-mode liquid crystal display device which includes a pair of alignment sustaining layers 34a and 34b formed by a photopolymerized material on surfaces of a pair of vertical alignment films 32a and 32b which are closer to a liquid crystal layer, and a cruciform opening 22a provided only in a counter electrode. When a predetermined voltage is applied across the liquid crystal layer, four liquid crystal domains are formed such that the azimuths of the directors of the respective liquid crystal domains are different from one another and form an angle of about 45? relative to the polarization axes of a pair of polarizing plates. When no voltage is applied across the liquid crystal layer, the pretilt azimuths of liquid crystal molecules included in regions respectively corresponding to the four liquid crystal domains are regulated by the alignment sustaining layers 34a and 34b.

Abstract: The present invention provides: a liquid crystal display device capable of improving display qualities and yield, the liquid crystal display device having two or more domains in a pixel through an alignment treatment that has been provided for a substrate over several times; and a production method thereof.

Abstract: To provide: a production method of a liquid crystal display device, the production method being capable of efficiently and stably providing alignment treatment for an alignment film of the liquid crystal display device, in which a plurality of domains is formed in a pixel region; and an exposure device for alignment treatment.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display, using a ferroelectric liquid crystal exhibiting mono-stability, which makes it possible to control the direction of the spontaneous polarization of the ferroelectric liquid crystal. The liquid crystal display includes: a first alignment treatment substrate having a first alignment layer which is a rubbed layer; a second alignment treatment substrate having a second alignment layer which is a photo alignment layer using a photo-dimerization type material; and a liquid crystal layer containing a ferroelectric liquid crystal and held between the first alignment treatment substrate and the second alignment treatment substrate. The ferroelectric liquid crystal exhibits mono-stability, and when a negative voltage is applied to a second electrode layer of the second alignment treatment substrate, a molecular direction of the ferroelectric liquid crystal is changed by about 2 times a tilt angle of the ferroelectric liquid crystal parallel to a surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device including a pair of spaced and opposed substrates, an electrode and a first alignment layer formed on one substrate, an electrode and a second alignment layer formed on the other substrate, and liquid crystal filled between the pair of substrates. The first alignment layer defines two regions of different alignment directions, within one pixel, with the two regions of the first alignment layer being separated by a first boundary, where the two different alignment directions of the first alignment layer are generally parallel to the first boundary, but extend in opposite directions, and where each region of the first alignment layer is treated to realize an alignment with a pretilt angle by the irradiation of ultraviolet rays.

Abstract: A photoalignment method includes irradiating light in a first direction to a first alignment layer, and irradiating light in a second direction opposite the first direction, after disposing a first mask on the first alignment layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device has first and second substrates. A first electrode on the first substrate is alignment-treated and a second electrode on the second substrate is alignment-treated. A liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. Alignment-treating includes forming an alignment direction. The alignment direction of the first and second substrates is formed by irradiating an ion beam onto the first and second electrodes using an ion beam irradiation apparatus.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an integrated O film for improving a viewing angle of a TN-LCD, and a polarizer plate and TN-LCD including the same. Also disclosed herein are a compensation film which is capable of improving a contrast characteristic at a front side and an inclination angle and minimizing a color variation according to a viewing angle in a dark state, and a polarizer plate and TN-LCD including the same. The integrated O film includes a transversely-stretched negative biaxial (B) film and a positive O film laminated on the transversely-stretched negative B film.

Abstract: A liquid crystal apparatus includes a display region in which electrodes are disposed in a matrix pattern, a non-display region provided at a periphery of the display region, and a liquid crystal disposed in the display region and non-display region. The liquid crystal disposed in the display region is splay-aligned when a voltage is not applied and bend-aligned when the voltage is applied. The liquid crystal disposed in the non-display region is bend-aligned. The apparatus also includes an alignment film including an inorganic material provided in at least one of a pair of substrates. The thickness of the alignment film provided in the display region is smaller than the thickness of the alignment film provided in the non-display region.