Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) includes: a first substrate; a second substrate facing the first substrate; a first electrode and a second electrode formed on the first substrate; and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein a first alignment polymer configured to provide an alignment force to the liquid crystal is at a portion of the liquid crystal layer near the first substrate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate having a first electrode on one surface side, a second substrate having second electrode on one surface side and placed opposite to the first substrate. A liquid crystal layer having a pretilt angle of 89.7° or more and less than 90° is disposed between the first and second electrodes. The first and second electrodes respectively form a pixel in opposing areas. The first electrode includes rectangularly shaped openings disposed with regularity in the pixel in a planar view. The openings include first and second openings with longitudinal directions respectively facing first and second directions, the second direction different from the first direction. The angle formed by the longitudinal directions of the first and second openings, and an alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules at the substantial center of the liquid crystal layer is 0° or more and less than 90°.

Abstract: A device is described that comprises a layer of material (254) disposed between first and second cell walls (250,252) and is capable of adopting, and being electrically latched between, at least two stable configurations. The layer of material (254) comprises one or more separate electrically addressable regions (270, 272, 274, 276) and addressing means are provided to write to each of said electrically addressable regions using voltage pulses to selectively latch said layer of material as required. The addressing means is arranged to write to each of said one or more separate electrically addressable region using at least first and second latching scans.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to prevent the domain from being generated in the pixel end portions so that the transmittance can increase in an IPS type liquid crystal display device where the size of the pixels is extremely small. In the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention, the electrodes close to the liquid crystal layer have a comb-like structure having a linking portion only at one pixel end, the end portion of the comb-like structure has a structure for preventing the domain from growing, the width of the slits in the comb-like structure is greater than the width of the electrodes, and the alignment of the liquid crystal layer has such a pretilt angle that the liquid crystal rises from the end portion in the comb-like structure towards the root in the interface close to the electrode.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device capable of reducing the probability of image sticking. The liquid crystal display device includes a pair of substrates and a liquid crystal layer between the substrates. At least one of the substrates includes an alignment film and a polymer layer on the alignment film. The polymer layer includes monomer units derived from at least two species of polymerizable monomers. The at least two species of polymerizable monomers include at least two species of monomers selected from the group consisting of: specific polyfunctional monomers and specific monofunctional monomers.

Abstract: Disclosed is a display device including a thin film transistor. A method for forming the display device includes forming an organic semiconductor pattern in the presence of a magnetic field or an electric field. Due to the presence of a magnetic field or an electric field, the molecules of the organic semiconductor layer of the thin film transistor are substantially aligned in a predetermined direction.

Abstract: To provide a production method of a liquid crystal display device and a liquid crystal display device, in which generation of a joint line on a display screen is suppressed and yield can be improved even if a substrate is subjected to an alignment treatment by completing exposure for the substrate through several exposures in a liquid crystal display device including pixels each having two or more domains.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first alignment film having a first alignment direction, a second alignment film having a second alignment direction, and a liquid crystal layer having liquid crystal molecules between the first and second alignment films. The liquid crystal layer is doped with a chiral material that tends to induce a first twist in directors of the liquid crystal molecules when an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer. The first and second alignment films have orientations that tends to induce a second twist in the directors when an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer, in which the direction of the first twist is different from the direction of the second twist.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a liquid crystal display including substrates, a liquid crystal, an orientation layer, and electrodes. The orientation layer includes a base layer having a principal surface provided with a plurality of grooves in parallel, and a coating film covering the principal surface. The coating film has a horizontally orienting ability to orient in parallel the molecular major axes of the liquid crystal molecules in the condition where no voltage is impressed on the principal surface. The grooves each extend along a predetermined direction, and are arrayed repeatedly at a given pitch along the direction orthogonal to the predetermined direction.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) device comprises a first substrate having a grooved surface profile; an alignment film layer of inorganic material formed on the grooved surface and having the grooved surface profile, the alignment film of inorganic material being aligned in response to an ion beam incident to the grooved surface in a direction parallel to a groove direction; a second substrate aligned opposite the first substrate for forming a plurality of LCD cells having liquid crystal (LC) material deposited therein, wherein LC molecules align parallel to the grooves for enhanced LCD performance.

Abstract: A process for producing a liquid crystal display having less alignment defects, which seldom causes aligning disorder at the boundary where ferroelectric liquid crystals allowed to flow are brought into contact with each other when the ferroelectric liquid crystals are coated on the substrate flow. The process includes a first alignment layer formation step and a liquid crystal coating step. The liquid crystal coating step is a step of linearly coating the ferroelectric liquid crystals on a first alignment layer of a liquid crystal side substrate in a direction substantially perpendicular or substantially parallel to the alignment treatment direction conducted in the first alignment layer formation step.

Abstract: A display apparatus has a switchable birefringent lens array. The display apparatus produces a substantially linearly polarised output. The lens array comprises birefringent material arranged between a planar surface of a first substrate and a relief substrate of a second substrate defining an array of cylindrical lenses. The lens array has electrodes for applying a control voltage across the birefringent material for electrically switching the birefringent material between a first mode and a second mode. In the first mode the lens array modifies the directional distribution of incident light polarised in a predetermined direction. In the second mode the lens array has substantially no effect on incident light polarised in said predetermined direction.

Abstract: A view angle controlling LCD comprises a first panel part that has a first group of electrodes and a first liquid crystal layer driven by a first vertical electric field. The first group of electrodes includes a pixel electrode and a common electrode to generate the first vertical electric field. The view angle controlling LCD device further comprises a second panel part deposited on the first panel part that has a second group of electrodes and a second liquid crystal layer panel driven to have slope angle from the horizontal alignment condition by a second vertical electric field. The second group of electrodes includes a first electrode and a second electrode to generate the second vertical electric field.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device provides, on the internal side of one substrate of a pair of substrates a plurality of pixel electrodes, a plurality of TFTs, a plurality of scan lines and signal lines, and a plurality of convex sections each formed on the internal side of the other substrate so as to be located substantially on a center part of each of the plurality of predetermined regions provided in each of the plurality of pixels. Further, the liquid crystal display device provides an opposing electrode on the internal side of the one substrate. Then, the liquid crystal display device provides vertical alignment films on the respective internal sides of the pair of substrates, and a liquid crystal layer having negative dielectric anisotropy and inserted in the gap between the pair of substrates.

Abstract: A liquid crystal includes about 60 wt % to about 80 wt % of a first compound material, about 2 wt % to about 15 wt % of a second compound material, and a neutral compound material. The first compound material has a dielectric anisotropy of a first polarity, and the second compound material has a dielectric anisotropy of a second polarity.

Abstract: An LCD according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a first substrate; a first electrode disposed on the first substrate; a second substrate facing the first substrate; a second electrode disposed on the second substrate; a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode; and a first alignment film attached on the first electrode and having a position-dependent thickness that achieves variations of the dielectric constant of from 1 to about 50.

Abstract: Each pixel has a transmissive area and a reflective area. A first alignment process area and a second alignment process area are placed such that an overlapping region is created in part of the reflective area. A region where the liquid crystal alignment direction shifts continuously is created in a boundary between the transmissive are a and the reflective are a without exception. A first liquid crystal alignment region is formed wider than the transmissive area, and a second liquid crystal alignment region is formed narrower than the reflective area.

Abstract: A high resolution, wide viewing angle, low power consumption liquid crystal display device which utilizes nematic liquid crystal and which can attain both the memory effect and wide-viewing-angle display characteristic. A liquid crystal display device that utilizes nematic liquid crystal and includes a pair of transparent substrates; a group of electrodes for applying to a liquid crystal layer disposed between the pair of substrates an electric field having a component substantially parallel to the surfaces of the substrates; and an alignment layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer and at least one of the pair of substrates and having been subjected to liquid crystal anchoring treatments in plural directions. The plurality of liquid crystal anchoring directions of the alignment layer form substantially equal angles relative to one another, and a rising angle in each of the liquid crystal anchoring directions with respect to the corresponding substrate surface is substantially zero.

Abstract: An in-plane switching liquid crystal display device is designed in such a way that an angle defined by the lengthwise direction of a common electrode and a pixel electrode and a rubbing direction of an alignment layer is set to 10 to 20°, a cell gap d is set to 2.7 ?m or smaller, the dielectric anisotropy ?? of a liquid crystal constituting a liquid crystal layer is set to 8 to 20, a white voltage Vwhite to be applied to the pixel electrode when displaying white is set to 4 to 7 V, and the white voltage Vwhite (V), the dielectric anisotropy ?? of the liquid crystal, the cell gap d (?m) and an interval L (?m) between the common electrode and the pixel electrode satisfy the following expression 11.8 > V white d - 0.6 × L 0.5 × ?? - 0.5 > 9.8 .

Abstract: The invention is directed to liquid crystal display and electro-optical devices having faster switching times, a wider viewing angle, continuous gray level, improved transmittance of the clear state, approximately no threshold voltage and low power consumption. The aspects of the invention are achieved by a liquid crystal device comprising an orthogonal nematic, smectic or columnar liquid crystal phase, which is uniaxial in absence of electric field, but becomes biaxial when electric field is applied normal to the director (in between electrodes for planar alignment, or in-plane electric field in case of homeotropic alignment). This electric field induced biaxiality (EFIB) mode is provided using any dielectric orthogonal nematic, smectic or columnar bent-core liquid crystal phase. The nature of the switching is dielectric (not piezoelectric) and does not involve variation of layer spacing variation, so as to be mechanically much more stable than prior systems.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display having a viewing angle which is controllable in side directions without forming a white sub-pixel is disclosed. The vertical alignment type liquid crystal display has a display screen including a plurality of pixels. Each pixel includes a display control region in which an alignment of liquid crystal molecules is controlled such that the liquid crystal molecules are disposed in an inclined orientation with respect to the display screen when a control voltage is applied, and a viewing angle control region in which the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules is controlled such that the liquid crystal molecules are disposed in a first side orientation or in a second side orientation when a control voltage is applied. The control voltage is applied through a viewing angle control line separated from the display control region.

Abstract: A view angle controlling LCD comprises a first panel part that has a first group of electrodes and a first liquid crystal layer driven by a first vertical electric field. The first group of electrodes includes a pixel electrode and a common electrode to generate the first vertical electric field. The view angle controlling LCD device further comprises a second panel part deposited on the first panel part that has a second group of electrodes and a second liquid crystal layer panel driven to have slope angle from the horizontal alignment condition by a second vertical electric field. The second group of electrodes includes a first electrode and a second electrode to generate the second vertical electric field.

Abstract: A sample for measuring an alignment axis for a liquid crystal display, a method of manufacturing the sample, and a method of measuring an alignment axis are disclosed. The sample includes a first substrate, a first alignment layer positioned on the first substrate, and a second alignment layer. The second alignment layer is positioned on the first alignment layer, and has an anisotropy more than an anisotropy of the first alignment layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes: a pixel electrode located on a lower substrate; a lower alignment layer located on the pixel electrode and having a predetermined alignment direction (or aligned in a predetermined direction); an upper substrate located apart from the lower substrate and having an opposite surface facing the lower substrate; an opposite electrode located on the opposite surface; an upper alignment layer located on the opposite electrode and having the predetermined alignment direction of the lower alignment layer; an upper protrusion line located between the upper substrate and the upper alignment layer and arranged in a direction crossing the predetermined alignment direction; and an optically compensated bend (OCB) mode liquid crystal layer located between the lower alignment layer and the upper alignment layer.

Abstract: A method for fabricating liquid crystal (LC) alignment includes the steps of processing an alignment film having a plurality of liquid crystal molecules with a single or plurality of plasma generating devices, such that the liquid crystal molecules are aligned at a high pretilt angle. Compared with the prior art, the present invention is suitable for modifying the alignment film surface adjustablely in directions and angles, and can attain the effect of alignment stability with a high pretilt angle in a single process, thus overcoming the drawbacks of the prior art.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display with better visibility and transmittance. The liquid crystal display includes a first plate having a first field-generating electrode, disposed in a pixel area on an insulating substrate, comprising a plurality of sub-electrodes which are separated from each other by a predetermined distance and arranged parallel to each other, and a connecting electrode electrically connecting the sub-electrodes. An alignment film that is rubbed in a first direction covers a first field-generating electrode and an alignment film that is rubbed in a second direction covers a second field-generating electrode to achieve a predetermined orientation of the liquid crystals when no field is applied and more uniform rotation of the liquid crystal molecules when a field is applied.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes first and second substrates which have opposed surfaces respectively provided with aligning films and have undergone aligning treatments such that aligning treatment directions are parallel and opposite between the films, and a liquid crystal layer made of a liquid crystal having a negative dielectric anisotropy and placed between the substrates such that molecular long axes of the liquid crystal are oriented parallel to surfaces of the substrates. The first substrate includes a first conductive layer in which elongated slits obliquely crossing the aligning treatment direction are formed parallel to each other, and a second conductive layer formed on a layer different from the first layer through an insulating layer so as to overlap the slits and overlap at least part of the first layer. Each slit includes first and second linear portions extending in different directions at angles line-symmetrical to the aligning treatment direction.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) device comprises a first substrate having a grooved surface profile; an alignment film layer of inorganic material formed on the grooved surface and having the grooved surface profile, the alignment film of inorganic material being aligned in response to an ion beam incident to the grooved surface in a direction parallel to a groove direction; a second substrate aligned opposite the first substrate for forming a plurality of LCD cells having liquid crystal (LC) material deposited therein, wherein LC molecules align parallel to the grooves for enhanced LCD performance.

Abstract: A light path shift device is disclosed that is able to divide an effective region of a light path and drive the divided regions independently. The light path shift device includes a liquid crystal layer held between at least two opposite transparent substrates, the liquid crystal layer being homeotropically aligned and being able to form a chiral smectic C phase; and plural electrodes for applying an electric field in the liquid crystal layer in a horizontal direction. An effective region of the liquid crystal layer through which a light path passes is divided into plural sub-regions, plural light path shift elements with the electrodes formed thereon are stacked only at positions corresponding to the sub-regions, and are arranged so that boundary lines of the sub-regions are in agreement when being viewed along the direction of light propagation.

Abstract: A display apparatus has a switchable birefringent lens array. The display apparatus produces a substantially linearly polarized output. The lens array comprises birefringent material arranged between a planar surface of a first substrate and a relief substrate of a second substrate defining an array of cylindrical lenses. The lens array has electrodes for applying a control voltage across the birefringent material for electrically switching the birefringent material between a first mode and a second mode. In the first mode the lens array modifies the directional distribution of incident light polarized in a predetermined direction. In the second mode the lens array has substantially no effect on incident light polarized in said predetermined direction.

Abstract: The subject invention provides a display element which achieves reduction in driving voltage. The display element according to the present invention includes substrates 1 and 2, at least one of which is transparent, and a medium layer 3 held between the substrates 1 and 2, the display element further including on the substrate 1 electrodes 4 and 5 for generating an electric field in a direction substantially parallel to the substrates so as to apply the electric field to the medium layer 3 to cause optical modulation of the medium; and an alignment film 6 which is provided on the surface of the substrate 2. With this arrangement, the voltage level is not decreased because of the alignment film 6, and the driving voltage of the display element does not need to be increased, thereby ensuring reduction of driving voltage.

Abstract: An in-plane switching liquid crystal display device is designed in such a way that an angle defined by the lengthwise direction of a common electrode and a pixel electrode and a rubbing direction of an alignment layer is set to 10 to 20°, a cell gap d is set to 2.7 ?m or smaller, the dielectric anisotropy ?? of a liquid crystal constituting a liquid crystal layer is set to 8 to 20, a white voltage Vwhite to be applied to the pixel electrode when displaying white is set to 4 to 7 V, and the white voltage Vwhite (V), the dielectric anisotropy ?? of the liquid crystal, the cell gap d (?m) and an interval L (?m) between the common electrode and the pixel electrode satisfy the following expression. 11.8 > V white d - 0.6 × L 0.5 × ? ? ? ? - 0.5 > 9.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device of the present invention has a first structure (protrusion) which is provided on a first substrate and which causes liquid crystal molecules in the vicinity of the first structure to align with a first direction when a voltage is applied, and a second structure (protrusion) which is provided at a position on the second substrate where the second structure is opposed to the first structure and which causes liquid crystal molecules in the vicinity of the second structure to align with a second direction when the voltage is applied. Here, the second direction is different from the first direction. The shapes or sizes of the first and second structures are different from each other.

Abstract: A bistable nematic liquid crystal display device comprises two opposed cell walls enclosing a layer of a nematic liquid crystal material. An inner surface of each cell wall is provided with an electrode for applying an electric field across at least some of the liquid crystal material. An inner surface of one of the cell walls is provided with a surface alignment capable of inducing a desired alignment in adjacent molecules of the liquid crystal material, and a layer of finely-divided particles is immobilized on the surface alignment.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a liquid crystal display device including vertical alignment layers formed on the substrates. The alignment layer having a polymer realizing vertical alignment is formed on the substrate an unpolarized ultraviolet light is then irradiated in the oblique direction at an angle not more than 45 degrees with respect to the surface of the alignment layer. The ultraviolet light has an exposure energy of 30 to 120 mJ/cm2 per percent of the polymer content realizing the vertical alignment of the alignment layer. The liquid crystal can thus align substantially vertically to the surface of the alignment layer, with a pretilt, and such an alignment is realized by the irradiation of the ultraviolet light, without rubbing.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device has a surface alignment structure comprising an array of alignment features (10) which are shaped and/or orientated to produce a desired alignment. Depending on the geometry and spacing of the features (10), the liquid crystal may be induced to adopt a planar, tilted, or homeotropic alignment.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel for improving a response speed of a liquid crystal and a left DC using a carbon nanotube, and a fabricating method thereof are discussed. In the liquid crystal display panel according to an embodiment, a color filter substrate has first thin film patterns. A thin film transistor substrate is formed in opposition to the color filter substrate and has second thin film patterns which form a horizontal electric field. And a liquid crystal composition is injected between a cell gap formed by the two substrates and is rotated in a horizontal direction in accordance with a horizontal electric field, wherein the liquid crystal composition includes liquid crystals and carbon nanotubes which are dispersed between the liquid crystals in a predetermined quantity.

Abstract: A method is provided that allows simultaneous control of macroscopic azimuthal and zenithal liquid crystal alignment (?, ?) across a liquid crystal layer by controlling the area ratios between first, second and third different types of alignment region (T1, T2, T3) in a patterned alignment layer, the three different types of alignment region (T1, T2, T3) tending to induce liquid crystal alignment in the liquid crystal layer in three different respective, non-coplanar, principal orientations (z, x, y). In the illustrated example, the first type of alignment region (T1) tends to induce substantially homeotropic alignment (in the z direction) and the second and third types of alignment region (T2, T3) tend to induce substantially planar alignment in different, orthogonal, principal orientations (in the x and y directions).

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device provides, on the internal side of one substrate of a pair of substrates a plurality of pixel electrodes, a plurality of TFTs, a plurality of scan lines and signal lines, and a plurality of convex sections each formed on the internal side of the other substrate so as to be located substantially on a center part of each of the plurality of predetermined regions provided in each of the plurality of pixels. Further, the liquid crystal display device provides an opposing electrode on the internal side of the one substrate. Then, the liquid crystal display device provides vertical alignment films on the respective internal sides of the pair of substrates, and a liquid crystal layer having negative dielectric anisotropy and inserted in the gap between the pair of substrates.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a liquid crystal display element in which a liquid crystal layer is interposed between a pair of substrates laminated to each other by a sealing material such that alignment films are opposed to each other with a predetermined gap between the alignment films, wherein a range of dielectric anisotropy ?? of a material for the liquid crystal layer at a measured temperature of 70° C. is ?4.5 to less than zero.

Abstract: A pixel structure for a liquid crystal display has a first substrate with respect to a pixel region. A W-like extruding structure composed of two V-like is formed on a surface of the substrate. A second substrate with several openings is also provided in parallel to the first substrate. The openings of the second substrate are aligned along a direction from a tip of the V-like to an edge of the pixel. Moreover, a liquid crystal layer is located between the first substrate and a second substrate, wherein the extruding structure abuts the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: A lenticular lens includes an upper plate including an upper transparent electrode and having a plurality of lens surfaces having a curved surface shape; an upper alignment film on the lens surfaces; a lower plate having a lower transparent electrode and a lower alignment film; and a liquid crystal layer between the upper plate and the lower plate to be driven by an electric field applied by the upper transparent electrode and the lower transparent electrode.

Abstract: On substrates 2a, 2b of a chiral nematic liquid crystal optical element 1, transparent electrodes 3a, 3b and electrical insulation layers 4a, 4b are formed, and further, resin layers 5a, 5b hating a pencil hardness of “B” or less are formed on the electrical insulation layers by a spin coating method so as to be in contact with a liquid crystal layer 7. When the surface hardness of the resin layers is to be measured, a glass substrate on which a resin layer is formed by screen-printing is prepared as a test piece, and the test piece is fitted to a pencil-scratching tester. The surface hardness is measured by scratching the test piece with two kinds of testing pencil selected from testing pencils having 17 grades of density.

Abstract: The liquid crystal display device of the present invention comprises first and second substrates, a first alignment layer on the first substrate, wherein the first alignment layer includes polyethyleneimine, and a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates.

Abstract: Transmissive liquid crystal displays having response time that can be approximately 2 to approximately 3 times faster than conventional displays. The displays adjust the rubbing angles to above approximately 20 degrees and preferably between approximately 30 and approximately 40 degrees. The displays have fast response times, enhanced brightness and increased gray scale linearity while maintaining wide viewing angle.

Abstract: A liquid crystal cell having a first substrate with a plurality of parallel columns of director alignment material disposed on a surface of the first substrate. Each one of the columns has a longitudinal axis disposed at an oblique angle with respect the surface of the first substrate. Each one of the columns terminates in a distal end having a surface substantially flat and substantially parallel to the surface of the first substrate. A second substrate is provided. A liquid crystal material is disposed between the surfaces of the first and second substrates with portions of such liquid crystal material being in contact with the parallel columns of director alignment material. A method for forming a liquid crystal substrate structure is provided. The method includes providing a substrate in a chamber.

Abstract: A method for forming an aligned polymer layer, the method comprising: bringing a solution of the polymer dissolved in a solvent into contact with a substrate; and depositing the layer on the substrate by progressively absorbing molecules of the polymer from solution on to the substrate in the presence of a field capable of inducing alignment in the polymer; and separating the substrate from the solution.

Abstract: An array substrate and a method of manufacturing thereof are disclosed for a liquid crystal display device. The array substrate includes a substrate, a gate line disposed along a first direction on the substrate, a common line parallel to the gate line and spaced apart from the gate line, wherein the common line is made of the same material as the gate line. The array substrate also includes a gate insulating layer on the gate and common lines, a semiconductor layer on the gate insulating layer and a pixel electrode of transparent conductive material including a drain electrode portion. The drain electrode portion overlaps the semiconductor layer and a source electrode of transparent conductive material is spaced apart from the drain electrode portion. A passivation layer includes a first contact hole and an open portion over the pixel and source electrodes, the first contact hole exposing the source electrode and the open portion exposing the pixel electrode, respectively.

Abstract: A projection mode microdisplay includes a silicon substrate having disposed thereon a first alignment layer having a first alignment direction, and a cover substrate having disposed thereon a second alignment layer having a second alignment direction. A liquid crystal material having spacers disbursed therethrough is disposed between to maintain the cell gap which is about 1.2 microns. The first and second alignment directions form about a 27 degree twist angle. An electrode disposed on the cover substrate and the silicon substrate are connected to a control system that sequentially applies an electric field across the cell gap to control the orientation of the liquid crystal material. A retarder is disposed on the cover substrate and has an alignment direction that is at −38 degrees ±5 degrees with respect to an x-axis of the display, wherein the liquid crystal material has a turn-on time no greater than 1.0 milliseconds and a turn-off time no greater than 4.0 milliseconds.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid crystal display which is capable of preventing light from leaking out from the peripheral portion of pixels and which has a high display performance.