Abstract: A fluorescent lamp for a backlight of a liquid crystal display device and a liquid crystal display device having the same are disclosed. The fluorescent lamp includes a red color phosphor having a maximum luminous wavelength of about 600 nm to 620 nm, a green color phosphor having a maximum luminous wavelength of about 520 nm to 555 nm and a blue color phosphor having a maximum luminous wavelength of about 440 nm to 460 nm. The green color phosphor has one maximum luminous peak or the side peak having about 20% or smaller relative size in comparison with the maximum luminous peak beside the maximum luminous peak. Therefore, by removing or minimizing the side luminous peak of the green color phosphor, the color reproductivity can greatly increase without decreasing the brightness of the white color.

Abstract: The present invention features a system for uniformly distributing luminance and a high degree of collimation from a back light module for a flat-panel, liquid crystal display (LCD). A constant and uniform luminance output of the back light module is obtained through appropriate selection of lamps, geometry and optical components. An appropriate balance of lamps, lamp spacing, reflective light back plane, and diffuser and collimating optics are chosen to produce a high brightness back light module with very high intensity output over very large surfaces. Variations in intensity over the illuminated area are minimized using light recycling in conjunction with the collimating optics. Optimum geometries are determined for the purpose of maximizing light output at high efficiencies, while minimizing luminance gradients across the display. Finally, a precise collimator eliminates light beyond a defined angle, as required in a tiled, flat-panel LCD.

Abstract: A backlighting unit for planar and homogeneous illumination has a cold-cathode fluorescent lamp that is mounted one narrow side of a waveguide plate. The light emitted from the backlighting unit is emitted from one of the two large surfaces of the waveguide plate. The light is deflected from one narrow side to one large surface by prisms which are also mounted on one large surface. To homogenize the emitted light, the prisms are arranged in irregular fashion. Homogenization is advantageous in particular if an L-shaped or U-shaped lamp, which illuminates several narrow sides of the waveguide plate, is used as the lamp.

Abstract: A color filter includes at least one blue filter segment, at least one red filter segment, and at least one green filter segment, and has a thickness of from 1 to 2.5 &mgr;m. The blue filter segment is prepared from a blue-colored composition containing a colorant carrier selected from the group consisting of a transparent resin, a precursor of a transparent resin and a mixture thereof, and a blue colorant dispersed in the carrier. The blue colorant consists of a copper phthalocyanine pigment and a dioxazine violet pigment. The content of the dioxazine violet pigment is 0.5% to 7% by weight based on the total weight of the blue colorant. There is also disclosed a color liquid crystal display device having the color filter, and a backlight unit provided with a three-band fluorescent lamp as a light source and exhibiting a specific light intensity distribution.

Abstract: A white cold-cathode fluorescent lamp, which is used as an illumination backlight for liquid crystal, is replaced by cold-cathode fluorescent lamps that emit red, green and blue lights, respectively. Since a liquid crystal picture is illuminated by the fluorescent lights in a time-sequential manner, a multi-color display can be provided without spatially dividing liquid crystal pixels using a color filter; and as it is not necessary for one pixel to be divided into three color cells, the size of a pixel can be reduced. Furthermore, in the liquid crystal display device, a phosphor having a short emission life is employed to coat the interior of the cold-cathode fluorescent lamp and enable the cold-cathode fluorescent lamp to be turned on and off rapidly, so that degradation of display colors due to slow fluorescence decay can be prevented and moving pictures can be displayed.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid crystal display including (a) a backlight source having a dominant emission peak at 380-420 nm, (b) a first polarization layer for selecting a light directed in a predetermined direction among lights emitted from the backlight source, (c) a second polarization layer for receiving a light selected by the first polarization layer, (d) first and second transparent substrates, (e) first and second transparent electrodes, (f) a liquid crystal layer, and (g) a fluorescent material layer receiving lights from the backlight source and emitting a light therefrom. The second polarization layer is located intermediate between the first and second transparent substrates.

Abstract: A lighting unit includes a housing, a light-conductive-panel and a fluorescent lamp, and has a space between the panel and a side wall of the housing. The lamp has electrodes on both its ends and a curved-corner. The space has different widths at sections where the electrodes are rested and at a section where the curved-corner is rested, and accommodates the lamp therein. The lighting unit is compact in size and has better shock resistance, as well as vibration resistance. The lighting unit and an LCD are integrated into a compact and highly reliable LCD device.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid crystal display including (a) a backlight source having a dominant emission peak at 380-420 nm, (b) a first polarization layer for selecting a light directed in a predetermined direction among lights emitted from the backlight source, (c) a second polarization layer for receiving a light selected by the first polarization layer, (d) first and second transparent substrates, (e) first and second transparent electrodes, (f) a liquid crystal layer, and (g) a fluorescent material layer receiving lights from the backlight source and emitting a light therefrom. The second polarization layer is located intermediate between the first and second transparent substrates.

Abstract: A display panel with a reduced capacitive coupling. The panel includes a transmission type liquid crystal panel. A lamp is provided adjacent at least one side of a light guide plate to guide the light to the crystal panel. A high frequency current supply is used to power the light. A reflective plate encircles the lamp so as to introduce the light to the light guide plate. A housing is made of a thin metal plate. Each portion of the housing is connected with a common electrical potential. Part of the housing extends away from the reflective plate around the lamp or contains an opening in the same location. By this arrangement, the capacitance between the reflective plate and the housing is made smaller thus reducing the leakage current.

Abstract: A heater for a liquid crystal display and accompanying backlight is provided that is easy to install or remove from a liquid crystal display assembly and that extends the low temperature operation of the backlight and the liquid crystal display. The heater comprises a heating element with a foil-type heating element extending from it. The heating element may be attached to an insulating heater pad with a foil backing. The heater is disposed between the backlight diffuser and the printed circuit board and the foil-type heating element wraps around the backlight. Application of an electrical current to the heating element heats the LCD assembly and the backlight and extends their low temperature operation. The heating element may further comprise a resistive element and the light source may further comprise a fluorescent lamp. The foil-type heating element may further comprise an adhesive layer permitting attachment to the backlight.

Abstract: An electro-optical backlighting panel construction for use in portable computer-based systems having direct and projection viewing modes of operation. In the illustrative embodiments of the present invention, the electro-optical backlighting panel is integrated with a LCD display panel, a micropolarization panel, and a touch-screen writing panel to provide several different types of portable computer-based systems including, for example, a portable notebook computer, a computer-driven image display device, and a portable pen-computing device. In general, each of these computer-based systems are capable of selectively displaying color video images on an actively driven display surface, or projecting such video images onto a wall surface or projection screen. These computer-based systems can be easily reconfigured for projection viewing without any sort of physical modification to the LCD display panel assembly.

Abstract: There is provided an in-plane switching type liquid crystal display including (a) a first transparent substrate, (b) a pixel electrode and a common electrode both formed on an upper surface of the first transparent substrate so that they are spaced away from each other, (c) a second transparent substrate spaced away from the first transparent substrate in parallel, (d) a color filter formed on the second transparent substrate so that the color filter faces the upper surface of the first transparent substrate, (e) a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first and second transparent substrates, (f) a pair of polarizing plates sandwiching the first and second transparent substrates therebetween, (g) a back-light source for emitting a back-light through a lower surface of the first transparent substrate, and (h) a chromaticity controller for controlling chromaticity of the back-light in such a manner that chromaticity of the back-light is determined in accordance with chromaticity variation in display nonun

Abstract: A display device includes a spatial light modulator capable of writing therein an image and capable of reading therefrom the written image by converting the image, and an illumination device which transmissively illuminates the spatial light modulator through respective different paths for writing the image and for reading the image.

Abstract: Apparatus for printing images from a liquid crystal display included within an image capture device including a liquid crystal display; a source of fluorescent light which includes phosphors selected so that fluorescent light which passes through the liquid crystal display is modified to be daylight balanced; and a printer which includes photosensitive media which is adapted to be illuminated by the light image from the liquid crystal display.

Abstract: Herein disclosed are a liquid crystal display device and a data processing device, which can have their frame portions reduced in area to reduce the size and weight by extracting the terminals of video signals to only one side of a liquid crystal display panel and by arranging a video signal line driving circuit substrate to be connected with the terminals, only at one side of the display panel.

Abstract: A receptacle has an inset and a housing for the fastening of an LCD screen. The screen has contact surfaces and consists, at least in part, of a plastic injection molding. Plastic springs which are formed by molding on the inset prestress the LCD screen against the housing, and thus fasten it in the receptacle. In this connection, a heat-sealing foil at the same time is prestressed against the contact surfaces of the LCD screen and against the contact surfaces of a plate.

Abstract: A reflective liquid crystal display device has a liquid crystal cell formed by laminating upper and lower orientation layers 11 and 21, upper and lower electrodes 14 and 24, upper and lower substrates 12 and 22, and upper and lower polarizers 13 and 23 arranged in order above and below a liquid crystal layer 10 so that they may face their counterparts respectively. The liquid crystal cell is provided with viewing angle dependence so that the light transmission ratio of the dark display section to the bright display section for the light incident at the required angle may be less than 2 at the required azimuth angle of the liquid crystal cell, and the direction of the required azimuth angle is aligned with the direction of the main light source incident into the liquid crystal cell.

Abstract: A flat panel display screen apparatus with optical junction and removable backlighting assembly. An optical junction is formed between a permanently housed light source within a display assembly and a removable light pipe when inserted into the display assembly. The optical junction is formed from a reflective film attached along the long axis of the light source and extends past a side of the light source to cover a gap between the light source and the light pipe. Another reflective strip is placed along and extends past an edge of the light pipe to bridge the gap. The reflective material is used to reflect stray light into the light pipe.

Abstract: The active matrix liquid crystal display panel comprises a matrix of predetermined color filters, arranged in a predetermined configuration within a viewing area, deposited on a first substrate, and a first plate of an activating element is deposited over the matrix of predetermined color filters. A plurality of second plates of the activating element is deposited on a second substrate opposite each color filter. When a predetermined second plate is activated, light is permitted to pass through the corresponding filter, the light exiting the first substrate having the color of the corresponding filter. A plurality of thin film transistors is deposited on the second substrate and forms the control elements, each control element corresponding to a corresponding second plate of the activating element, the control element selecting predetermined second plate in response to control signals. The display panel includes a liquid crystal material filled in a space between the first and second substrate.

Abstract: An electro-optical backlighting panel construction for use in portable computer-based systems having direct and projection viewing modes of operation. In the illustrative embodiments of the present invention, the electro-optical backlighting panel is integrated with a LCD display panel, a micropolarization panel, and a touch-screen writing panel to provide several different types of portable computer-based systems including, for example, a portable notebook computer, a computer-driven image display device, and a portable pen-computing device. In general, each of these computer-based systems are capable of selectively displaying color video images on an actively driven display surface, or projecting such video images onto a wall surface or projection screen. These computer-based systems can be easily reconfigured for projection viewing without any sort of physical modification to the LCD display panel assembly.

Abstract: Herein disclosed are a liquid crystal display device and a data processing device, which can have their frame portions reduced in area to reduce the size and weight by extracting the terminals of video signals to only one side of a liquid crystal display panel and by arranging a video signal line driving circuit substrate to be connected with the terminals, only at one side of the display panel.

Abstract: Herein disclosed are a liquid crystal display device and a data processing device, which can have their frame portions reduced in area to reduce the size and weight by extracting the terminals of video signals to only one side of a liquid crystal display panel and by arranging a video signal line driving circuit substrate to be connected with the terminals, only at one side of the display panel.

Abstract: A reconfigurable backlighting construction for use in portable computer-based systems having direct and projection viewing modes of operation. In the illustrative embodiments of the present invention, the backlighting construction is integrated with a LCD display panel, a micropolarization panel, and a touch-screen writing panel to provide several different types of portable computer-based systems including, for example, a portable notebook computer, a computer-driven image display device, and a portable pen-computing device. In general, each of these computer-based systems are capable of selectively displaying color video images on an actively driven display surface, or projecting such video images onto a wall surface or projection screen without the need for a bulky overhead projector, required by all prior art systems. These computer-based systems can be easily reconfigured for projection viewing without physical removal of the light guiding panel and its light diffusing structures.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display has an upper substrate, a lower substrate, and a liquid crystal layer, disposed between the upper and lower substrates. First segment electrodes are formed in one portion of the upper substrate, and a first common electrode is formed in the other portion thereof. A second common electrode is formed on the portion of the lower substrate corresponding to that of the first segment electrodes, and second segment electrodes are formed on the portion of the lower substrate corresponding to that of the first common electrode. The dual-faced liquid crystal display enables observation of identical data on the front and rear surfaces thereof, with a single liquid crystal cell.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp and a color liquid crystal display device, into which the fluorescent lamp is incorporated, use three-wavelength light emitting phosphers not to cause any interference fringe so as to eliminate color shadings from the display screen of said device. A phospher film consisting of a combination of the phosphers having their peak light emitting wavelengths at red, green and blue three-wavelength areas or ranges is formed on inner faces of a bulb of said fluorescent lamp, a half value width at the peak light emitting wavelength of each phospher i set to be in a range of 30 nm-100 nm, and a phospher defined by a general formula M.sub.3 (PO.sub.4).sub.2 :Sn, Mn (wherein M is at least one of Sr, Mg, Ba, Ca, Zn and Ga) is used as the red light emitting one. Fringes caused by the interference of light penetrating each optical component of the color liquid crystal display device with light reflected by front or boundary faces of these optical components can be thus prevented.

Abstract: A notch filter is provided in a RGB color twisted nematic liquid crystal display (LCD) apparatus, the notch filter preferably being located between the light source and the display panel. Undesirable peak(s) (e.g. blue-green) in the light rays from the source are substantially reduced or eliminated by the notch filter thereby improving the color saturation characteristics of the image reaching the viewer.

Abstract: The present invention is a liquid crystal display with an improved backlighting system. A light source in the backlighting system radiates light in a first non-preferred direction. An optical apparatus coupled to the light source receives the light radiated by the light source in the first non-preferred direction and refracts it into a first preferred direction.

Abstract: A back light device of a liquid crystal display device includes fluorescent tubes on both ends of a light guiding plate. When viewed from a section which is perpendicular to the fluorescent tubes, shapes or internal constitution of the light guiding plate are asymmetrical in order to prevent irregularity of the luminance of a display area of a liquid crystal display panel caused by, e.g., a different in optical characteristics between the fluorescent tubes, a difference between positioning of each fluorescent tubes and the light guiding plate. In other words, a border of the shapes or of the internal constitution of the light guiding plate is set in a position that is nearer to the section where a quantity of incident light is relatively small according to a ratio of the quantities of incident lights on each section obtained by cutting a face that intersect a circumferential end of the display area on the light guiding plate at right angels.

Abstract: A background lighting apparatus includes a light entering edge surface around substantially the entire periphery of a highly internally reflecting transparent plate wherein light beams enter from peripheral light sources and travel toward the central portion of the plate and are dispersed and diffused by a diffusion system formed relative to the transparent plate. Uniformity of luminance provided from the background lighting apparatus is enhanced as a whole by increasing the incident quality of the input light beams into the transparent plate while easing the incident directivity of the light beams on the transparent plate with the overall substantial enhancement of luminance produced from the apparatus.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to a color liquid crystal display backlight system for daytime and nighttime use. Night vision imaging system retirements are met so that light emissions from the 630 nm to 930 nm range are substantially reduced or eliminated. Separate daytime and nighttime light sources are utilized. The NVIS compatible nighttime source is positioned to be out of sight of a user and produces an appropriately filtered, substantially collimated beam which diffusively reflects from the inside walls and base of the display housing before it illuminates the display surface. Intensities of both daytime and nighttime light sources can be controlled.

Abstract: A wedge shaped parallelized light flux element made of a light scattering guide of an emitting directionality has a specified ranged effective scattering irradiation parameter and correlation distance "a". A light incident into the parallelized light flux element from a fluorescent lamp arranged facing a light incident surface of the parallelized light flux element is emitted from a light output surface as a parallelized light flux G1 by composite factors including forward scattering of the inside, repeated reflection on wedge shaped two sides, critical angular condition and boundary face transmittance for the light output surface. A total amount of parallel light flux G1 emitted from the parallel light flux emitting section F is reflected on a two side prism surface of two prism reflection element PR thereby being converted into sectional area enlarged light fluxes G2 and G3. They are incident on a liquid crystal panel LP through a light diffusion plate DF, and utilized as a backlight.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display is provided which has improved wide angle viewing characteristics. The liquid crystal display includes a liquid crystal matrix. A non-planar fluorescent lamp positioned on a first side of the liquid crystal matrix has a center which traverses the fluorescent lamp in at least one longitudinal direction. A distance between the first side of the liquid crystal matrix and the fluorescent lamp center in a first portion of the fluorescent lamp is less than a distance between the first side of the liquid crystal matrix and the fluorescent lamp center in a second portion of the fluorescent lamp.

Abstract: Herein disclosed are a liquid crystal display device and a data processing device, which can have their frame portions reduced in area to reduce the size and weight by extracting the terminals of video signals to only one side of a liquid crystal display panel and by arranging a video signal line driving circuit substrate to be connected with the terminals, only at one side of the display panel.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device includes a TFT or active element substrate on which TFTs and pixel electrodes are arranged in the form of a matrix, a counter substrate having a counter electrode formed thereon and arranged to oppose the active element substrate, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer arranged between the active element substrate and the counter substrate and having a polymer resin and a liquid crystal which are dispersed, and a fluorescent film arranged on the pixel electrode. The device displays an image by controlling scattering, absorption, and transmission of light passing through the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer. The phosphor film converts part of supplied light into fluorescent light having a predetermined wavelength and outputs colored light. Light used for a display is increased in intensity by the fluorescent light emitted from the phosphor film, thereby displaying a bright image.

Abstract: A reflective liquid crystal display device including: a first substrate; a second substrate; a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; electrodes for applying a voltage to the liquid crystal layer; a polarizing plate provided on a side of the liquid crystal layer on which the first substrate is provided; a reflective member provided on a side of the liquid crystal layer on which the second substrate is provided; and an optical compensation member provided between the polarizing plate and the liquid crystal layer, wherein the liquid crystal layer has a twist angle in a range of 220.degree. to 260.degree. and a retardation value of 0.5 .mu.m to 0.8 .mu.m, the optical compensation member has a retardation value in a range of 0.15 .mu.m to 0.38 .mu.m, and an angle .beta.

Abstract: A display device includes a backlight having a main emitting peak in the region of 380-420 nm, a polarizer for selecting light having prescribed direction among the light emitted from a backlight source and an analyzer for receiving the selected light, a pair of electrodes provided between the polarizer and analyzer, optoelectronic material such as liquid crystal materials and PLZT provided between the electrodes, and a phosphor layer including phosphors which can be stimulated by exposure to the light from the backlight source. The display device has an increased viewing angle and improved luminance.

Abstract: A display device (10) includes a display panel, such as a liquid crystal panel (12), in combination with a reflective holographic optical element (14) that redirects ambient light for illuminating the display. The light redirected by the holographic element is limited to a predetermined spectral band. Fluorescent film (16) is included for absorbing light outside the spectral band of the holographic element and re-emitting light within the spectral band to increase the light redirected by the holographic element and thus increase the apparent brightness of the display.

Abstract: A color display device particularly adapted for use in flat panel applications provides a bright picture with high saturation and excellent color reproduction. The color display device includes a light shutter mechanism which controls the amount of light passing therethrough. Color filters of different colors are disposed adjacent to the light shutter mechanism and include a plurality of color elements. Each color filter has a peak at the transmittance spectrum thereof. A light source illuminates the light shutter mechanism with the light source having peaks in a luminance spectrum adjusted to correspond to the peaks of the transmittance spectrum of each color filter.