Abstract: A stage lighting fixture having a casing extending along a longitudinal axis; a light source housed in a closed end of the casing to emit a light beam substantially along an optical axis; an objective lens located at an open end of the casing; and beam size adjusting means located between the light source and the objective lens to intercept the beam. The beam size adjusting means have an optical element, in turn having a first region with a first concave beam incidence surface of first beam diffusion properties, and a second region with a second concave beam incidence surface of second beam diffusion properties.

Abstract: An LED lamp includes a frame, an LED module, a plurality of reflecting plates, and a plurality of adjusting members. The frame includes a base and a holder mounted on the base. The base defines a plurality of slots. The holder forms a plurality of fixing positions. The LED module is received in the frame. The reflecting plates are pivotably engaged with the base and extend through the slots of the base to surround the LED module. The adjusting members respectively interconnect the reflecting plates and the holder. Each of the adjusting members is selectively fixed to one of the plurality of fixing positions of the holder. Each of the reflecting plates is capable of rotating with respect to the base of the frame during change of the fixing position of the adjusting member to the holder.

Abstract: An electronic lighting device may comprise an enclosure, a light-emitting element, a flame sheet and a swing mechanism. The flame sheet is movably supported or suspended on the enclosure, and may comprise an upper sheet which is of a flame-like shape. The upper sheet is configured to be exposed above the top of the enclosure. Light from the light-emitting element intersects with the surface of the upper sheet so that the light projects onto the surface of the upper sheet. The swing mechanism is disposed beneath the flame sheet and can apply a force on the flame sheet to actuate the flame sheet to sway or swing. By the present application, a visual experience of true fire can be achieved and an interestedness and appreciation can be improved. A method for manufacturing the same is disclosed.

Abstract: An optical probe and an optical system therefor are provided. The optical probe is includes a housing configured to house the optical system and the housing has a transparent window therein. the optical system includes a light emitting unit, a collimation lens, and a focusing lens. A numerical aperture of the optical system is adjustable by adjusting a pupil diameter of the collimation lens and a focal length of the focusing lens. The pupil diameter of the collimation lens is adjustable based on a variable focal lens or by adjusting a distance between the collimation lens and the light emitting unit.

Abstract: A lighting system includes a lighting unit and a mounting structure. The lighting unit is mounted adjacent to a window to shine outward, obstructing a view of the inside, while allowing those inside a clear, lighted view of the outside. The lighting unit may be powered by electrical wiring, battery, or solar. Light is preferably adjustable in various directions. The lighting system provides additional security and privacy.

Abstract: A display. A casing includes an opening. A light guide plate is disposed in the casing. A display panel is disposed in the casing and is adjacent to the light guide plate. A light-guiding member is movably disposed in the opening and includes a first light-permeable portion, a second light-permeable portion, and at least one non-light-permeable portion. The first light-permeable portion is opposite the second light-permeable portion. The non-light-permeable portion is disposed between the first and second light-permeable portions. When the light-guiding member is moved to a first position, the second light-permeable portion connects to the light guide plate and light in the exterior of the casing enters the light guide plate via the first and second light-permeable portions. When the light-guiding member is moved to a second position, the non-light-permeable portion connects to the light guide plate and the light does not enter the light guide plate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a forward access optical framing projector assembly either forward of, or housed behind, a finished surface in which adjustments to the assembly can be made from the front end making it safer and easier to manage. The forward access design requires only a small opening behind a finished surface and can be adjusted by tool instead of hand. The invention has a light mask gate attached to a gate rotation sleeve, and a locking fastener parallel to the optical axis of the light source that pushes the light mask gate forward, making it possible to lock the light mask gate. A tool can be inserted into an opening in light masking shutters. Radial slots in a front cone flange combined with either a shutter gate with radial grooves or a nut retainer tab makes it possible to variably adjust and lock the light masking shutters.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a luminaire may include a housing that includes a support panel, a rotation ring supported by the support panel where the rotation ring is infinitely adjustable with a range of adjustments with respect to the support panel, a rotation drive unit configured to rotate the rotation ring with respect to the support panel, an aiming frame supported by the rotation ring, a tray system pivotally mounted to the aiming frame and configured to receive the bulb, and a tray drive configured to rotate the tray system about the pivotal mounting, whereby, in operation the rotational and angular orientation of the bulb may be adjusted while the bulb is on.

Abstract: An LED lamp comprises a lamp body and a colorized, translucent envelope detachably connected to the lamp body. The lamp body includes an LED module and the envelope covers the LED module. A color of the envelope is different from that of the light emitted by the LED module. The envelope changes the color of the light of the LED module when the light passes through the envelope to the outside.

Abstract: A lens for a flashlight or other lighting unit provides for focusing light from a source, such as an LED, to provide a light beam adjustable between a spot beam and a wide beam. The lens includes a lens body with a front face, a rear LED-receiving well, and a side surface extending between the front face and the rear well. The front face includes a central surface surrounded by an annular concave surface. The rear well includes a space for the LED to be adjusted in position. The rear well space is defined by a concavely-curved sidewall and a concavely-curved base. The concave curvature of the sidewall and base may be Bezier curves.

Abstract: A lighting system (10) comprising a primary light engine (20); a secondary light engine (22); and a projection apparatus (14, 14a-b) comprising a reflector (28) configured to reflect electromagnetic radiation emitted from the primary light engine (20); a projector lens (28) configured to project at least a portion of the reflected electromagnetic radiation from the reflector (28); and a shutter (24, 24a-c) disposed between the secondary light engine (22) and the reflector (28). The shutter (24, 24a-c) is configured to selectively obscure a portion of the projector lens (28) from the reflected electromagnetic radiation and is further configured to selectively emit at least a portion of electromagnetic radiation from the secondary light engine (22) through at least a portion of the projector lens (28).

Abstract: An illumination device includes an LED light source, a fluorescent board, and an intensity controller. The LED light source emits first wavelength light. The fluorescent board is located on the light path of the first wavelength light emitted from the LED light source. The fluorescent board absorbs a portion of the first wavelength light emitted from the LED light source and emits second wavelength light. The intensity controller is located on the light path of the light exiting from the fluorescent board, and decreases the intensity of the first wavelength light.

Abstract: An illumination system is provided, including a plurality of first illumination units, a plurality of second illumination units, a projecting adjusting module and a focus adjusting module. The projecting adjusting module is connected to the first illumination units to adjust the projection pattern. The focus adjusting module is connected to the first and second illumination units to adjust the focus position of the illumination units.

Abstract: A lighting device is provided. The lighting device includes: a light source module mounted on a substrate; a lens unit provided on the light source module and including an accommodating groove accommodating the light source module; a housing unit accommodating the lens unit therein to protect the lens unit from an outside; a supporting unit fixed to the substrate and including a coupling hole having the housing unit coupled thereto to thereby support the housing unit; and a height adjustment unit allowing the housing unit to be vertically-movably coupled to the supporting unit and adjusting a height of the lens unit such that the height of the lens unit is varied.

Abstract: Systems and methods that incorporate a variable liquid lens are disclosed. In at least some embodiments, a light projecting system includes a light source, and a light processing assembly configured to receive a light beam from the light source and to project an output field. The light processing assembly includes at least one liquid lens configured to controllably process the light beam such that the output field is variable between a relatively-broader illuminating field and a relatively-narrower targeting field. In some embodiments, a controller may controllably adjust the at least one liquid lens to alternately provide the illuminating field and the targeting field, and may controllably adjust at least one dwell time to adjust a brightness of at least one of the illuminating and targeting fields, respectively.

Abstract: A light source device includes a xenon lamp, a rotary shutter, a main CPU for controlling drive of these components, and a sub CPU. The main CPU operates when receiving a reset cancel signal from a reset circuit. Between the sub CPU and the reset circuit, an AND circuit is provided. When the reset cancel signal from the reset circuit and a lighting completion signal indicating completion of lighting the xenon lamp are both input, the AND circuit outputs the reset cancel signal to the sub CPU. After the output of the lighting completion signal, the sub CPU operates to drive the rotary shutter. When high-frequency noise which occurs at the time of discharging the xenon lamp stops, the rotary shutter is activated and thereby generating pulses of illumination light.

Abstract: An apparatus creating a flickering flame effect. The apparatus includes a housing with an interior space with first and second stages. A drive mechanism generates a time varying electromagnetic field extending into the first stage. A first pendulum member is pivotally mounted in the interior space of the first stage and includes first and second magnets on first and second ends, with the first end proximate to the drive mechanism such that the first magnet interacts with the varying electromagnetic field to cause movement of the pendulum member. The apparatus includes a second pendulum member pivotally mounted in the second stage with a magnet on a first end proximate to the second end of the first pendulum member. A flame silhouette element extends from the second pendulum member, and a light source transmits light onto the flame silhouette, which is moving due to the magnetic coupling of the pendulum members.

Abstract: A lighting appliance with a reduced encumbrance for industrial environments, comprising a head (11), equipped with an upper support (10) for hooking the appliance to the ceiling of an industrial warehouse or building in general, and two reflectors which can be disassembled from the appliance structure, one (13) above or inside the head (11), with a complex faceted optical system, and one (12) lower or outside the head (11), with a segmented geometry; a vertical regulation system of the lamp (15) of the lighting appliance allows the illuminating engineering characteristics of the appliance to be varied, obtaining different photometric conditions according to the distance of the lamp (15) from the work surface.

Abstract: In one aspect, a lighting system is disclosed that includes an inner reflector extending from a proximal end to a distal end along an axis, where the proximal end is adapted to receive light from a light source and the distal end provides an exit opening (aperture) for the received light. The system can further include an outer reflector that is axially positioned relative to the inner reflector. The outer reflector extends from a proximal end adapted to receive light from the light source to a distal end that provides an exit opening (aperture) for the received light. The inner and outer reflectors are axially movable relative to one another and are configured such that, beginning in a position with the inner reflector nested within the outer reflector, distal movement of the outer reflector (that is, a movement away from the inner reflector) along the axis about which the reflectors are disposed progressively reduces a flood spread produced by the lighting system.

Abstract: Provided are a light-emitting tube and lamp that can maintain a high lamp efficiency even if the lamp power fluctuate. The light-emitting tube (3) comprises a heremetically sealed glass tube (19), and electrodes (17, 18) are disposed at both ends (13, 15) of said glass tube. The glass tube (19) has a bulging part (37) in a center area that roughly corresponds to the center of the interelectrode region between the filament coils (25, 26) at the electrodes (17, 18). When the light-emitting tube is lit at a rated lamp power, the lowest-temperature point is in an end region outside of the interelectrode region, and when lit at a prescribed lamp power below the rated lamp power, said lowest-temperature point is in the bulging part (37). The lamp comprises the abovementioned light-emitting tube (3) and a socket that electrically connects to the electrodes (17, 18) inside the light-emitting tube (3).

Abstract: An illumination system including at least one coherent light source, a light uniforming element, and a prism is provided. The coherent light source is capable of emitting a coherent beam. The light uniforming element is disposed on a transmission path of the coherent beam. The prism is disposed on the transmission path of the coherent beam and between the coherent light source and the light uniforming element. The prism has a light incident end and a light exit end. The light incident end has at least one incident polygonal pyramid portion protruding away from the light exit end. The prism is capable of rotating about an axis, and the axis extends from the light incident end to the light exit end. The illumination system effectively reduces the degree of the speckle phenomenon.

Abstract: A vehicle headlamp is provided. The vehicle headlamp includes a light source, an image forming section which forms a light image using light from the light source, and a projection lens which projects the light image. The image forming section includes a boundary shade and movable shades. Each of the movable shades is individually movable between a closed position at which the movable shade blocks a corresponding part of the light from entering the projection lens and an open position at which the movable shade allows the corresponding part of the light to enter the projection lens. The boundary shade is disposed to extend along distal ends of the respective movable shades that are arranged side by side when the movable shades are in the closed positions. When the movable shades are in the closed positions, the boundary shade forms a boundary line of the light image.

Abstract: An exemplary anti-glare indoor lamp includes a shade, light source, and an optical sheet. The shade defines a receiving cavity therein and an opening at the bottom of the receiving cavity. The light source is received in the receiving cavity and positioned to emit light toward the opening. The optical sheet is arranged facing the opening and is sized to cover only part of the opening. The optical sheet is configured for reducing the brightness of the light passing therethrough, and is movable to cover a selected part of the opening. Therefore, the light reaching eyes of a user is reduced, and glare is avoided or at least mitigated.

Abstract: A light source module, a projection apparatus, and a method of controlling the projection apparatus are provided. The projection apparatus has the light source module. The light source module has a first light source, a wavelength transforming unit, and a driver. The first light source generates a first light beam having a first wavelength according to a first pulse width modulation (PWM) signal. The wavelength transforming unit transforms the first light beam into a second light beam having a second wavelength. The driver drives the wavelength transforming unit, such that the first light beam irradiates a start position on the wavelength transforming unit when a rising edge of the first PWM signal is detected. The start position is determined by a controller.

Abstract: A light source unit includes a light source element; an optical-waveguide-formed element in which an optical waveguide is formed; a prism for turning back a light flux emitted from the light source and guiding the light flux toward an incident end of the optical waveguide; and a coupling optical system formed on the prism or provided as a separated body from the prism, for coupling the light flux emitted from the light source onto the optical waveguide.

Abstract: The improvements include an illuminator for a gun comprising a manually manipulated and storable external IR filter with a plurality of radially directed circumferential tabs integrally extending from the frame to allow a manual torque to be applied to the frame to manually screw it into and out of the bezel in the field, A high g-force diaphragm shock mount for the lamp includes a receptacle which positions the longitudinal axis of the lamp on the optical axis of the reflector. The field serviceable lamp assembly is an integrated or modular and sealed unit. A field serviceable electronics module is accessed by removing the rear bezel. The illuminator handle includes a double locked latch lever. A T-Slot to Picatinny adapter allows a SureFire T-rail fitting of the handle to fit a conventional Picatinny rail.

Abstract: A diffuser for a lighting device comprises a diffuser region, a hook element and a nose element. A light fixture comprises a housing with an opening and a diffuser as described above, in which the nose element extends through the opening, optionally further comprising an accessory including at least one spring element engaging the hook element. A light fixture structure comprises a housing defining an opening and an first attachment element comprising a nose element, a hook element and a connection region, and optionally further comprising a diffuser engaging a first portion of the hook element, and/or an accessory which engages a second portion of the hook element. An eyeball accessory comprises first and second housing elements pivotably attached to each other. An accessory for a light fixture comprises a housing member and a spring element engageable with a fixture.

Abstract: A planar illumination device for illuminating a liquid crystal display panel provided with a polarizing plate on a light incident side, includes: a light source unit for emitting light having a specified polarization direction; and a light irradiating member for deflecting light emitted from the light source unit and irradiating the liquid crystal display panel with the deflected light, wherein the light irradiating member deflects the light emitted from the light source unit such that the polarization direction of the light emitted from the light source unit substantially coincides with a transmission axis direction of the polarizing plate of the liquid crystal display panel.

Abstract: This invention relates to a light emitting device (100) having a movable collimating unit for adjusting the output direction of light being emitted from the light emitting device. The light emitting device comprises a base unit (110), and a light output unit (120) which is engaged with the base unit. The light output unit comprises at least one light source (121) for emitting light. The light emitting device further comprises a movably arranged collimating unit (130) for adjusting the direction of the emitted light, which is arranged such that it encompasses a light output portion (125), which is arranged on the light output unit.

Abstract: An imaging system comprising a parabolic reflector having a base and defining a first axis, a light source disposed proximate the base essentially along the first axis, an imaging device comprising a zooming lens having a second axis, the imaging device being disposed in front of the light source along the first axis such that the second axis and the first axis are essentially coincident.

Abstract: A zoomable luminaire has a source of light, a primary reflector with entry and exit apertures, and at least one secondary reflector with entry and exit apertures. The source delivers light into the entry aperture of the primary reflector, and the primary reflector delivers the light at the exit aperture of the primary reflector. The luminaire has a retracted position for producing a beam of a first beam angle, where the primary reflector is nested within the secondary reflector and the secondary reflector does not substantially affect the distribution of the light. The luminaire has at least one extended position for producing a beam of a second width, where the exit aperture of the primary reflector is contiguous with the entry aperture of a secondary reflector so that the light is delivered at the exit aperture of a secondary reflector.

Abstract: A lighting system include a point light source, a tubular color adjustment means, and a light-collecting and mixing element. The color adjustment means has a color-converting tubular structure and an adjusting rod. The tubular structure is made of a light-transmitting medium doped with a wavelength-converting material. The adjusting rod is operably connected to and for adjusting the tubular structure. In operation, the point light source emits light of a first wavelength or hue. The color adjustment means adjustably intersects, through the use of the adjusting rod, the light of the first hue and converts at least a portion of the light of a first hue into a light of another hue. The light-collecting and mixing element collects and mixes the light of a first hue and the light of another hue, and directs the mixed light out the open end.

Abstract: A high intensity discharge lamp automotive headlamp system is provided for three different lighting functions. The headlamp system is a single unit that provides for low beam, high beam, and daylight running light (DRL) functions. Two optical components are used to easily and effectively switch between the different modes of operation. The first optical component is a shutter that selectively blocks a portion of the light beam output. Secondly, either a single lens or lens portions can be moved either within the light beam path or into the light beam path to alter the divergence.

Abstract: An apparatus creating a flickering flame effect. The apparatus includes a housing with an interior space with first and second stages. A drive mechanism generates a time varying electromagnetic field extending into the first stage. A first pendulum member is pivotally mounted in the interior space of the first stage and includes first and second magnets on first and second ends, with the first end proximate to the drive mechanism such that the first magnet interacts with the varying electromagnetic field to cause movement of the pendulum member. The apparatus includes a second pendulum member pivotally mounted in the second stage with a magnet on a first end proximate to the second end of the first pendulum member. A flame silhouette element extends from the second pendulum member, and a light source transmits light onto the flame silhouette, which is moving due to the magnetic coupling of the pendulum members.

Abstract: A laser illumination device including a body, a head secured to the body, a laser generator accommodated in the head, and a rotatable output adjustment member having a graduated disk and an adjustment disk. The graduated disk defines a circle of graduated sections, at least one of which is exposed out of the head. The adjustment disk includes a plurality of through holes with different sizes, arranged in a circle. The measuring member coupled with the graduated disk rotates relative to the body to align each one of the through holes with the laser generator, to adjust the amount of laser light passing through the one of the through holes.

Abstract: An electric fire is described which include a flame effect generator provided forwardly of a screen and configured to provide for generation of flame effect on the screen.

Abstract: A light emitting diode lighting system and kit includes a plurality of matched pairs of breakaway light emitting diode assemblies adapted to be mounted in a primary lamp holder where each individual matched pair assembly includes: (1) a light emitting diode coupled to a printed circuit board; (2) a break away housing adapted to be pressed fit over the light emitting diode; and (3) a breakaway lens adapted to be pressed fit into the housing to facilitate controlling the spread of light emitted by said light emitting diode from a wide range angle Ø to a narrow range angle ? at a user selected breakaway angle ? of between about A degrees to about B degrees.

Abstract: A beam direction controlling device (22; 30; 45; 60; 80), for controlling a direction of a light-beam emitted by a light-source (21) and passing through the beam direction controlling device (22; 30; 45; 60; 80).

Abstract: A lighting assembly for an outdoor grill or similar type of cooking assembly includes a base having a first end mountable within a receptacle located along a surface of the grill. An illumination source is located at a second end of the base. A directional cap is applied over the illumination source and redirects the light provided by the illumination source toward a desired area or areas of a cooking surface or preparation area of the grill.

Abstract: An adjustable light beam lighting device, particularly for a flashlight, has in succession along an axis a light source, a collimator collimating the light into a collimated beam, and a first optical element and a second optical element provided with respective arrays of side-by-side lenses arranged according to a network pattern. The lenses of the first element face respective lenses of the second element and are shaped to, respectively, converge and diverge the light from the collimated beam. A mask between the elements is shaped to laterally screen the light exiting from each lens of the first element and to convey the light exiting from each lens of the first element only on the facing lens of the second element, thus screening the adjacent lenses. A movement mechanism translates the elements with along the axis to vary the width of the beam emitted by the device.

Abstract: An adjustable lighting device having a main body, a light generation device inserted into a receptacle, a movable lens, a base electrically connected to the light generation device, and an adjustor cover rotatably mounted to and covering the outside of the main body so that rotation of the adjustor cover causes the lens to extend/retract within the receptacle so that the extension/retraction of the lens can be controlled by the rotation of the adjustor cover for realizing focus adjustment.

Abstract: A method for forming a light beam, and a light assembly having at least one light source with a fixed reflector which directs a beam of light light assembly having a front lens, and a light deflecting mechanism for changing the light angle of the light beam after passing through the front lens. The front lens has a central part that differs from the surrounding parts of the front lens, and the light deflecting mechanism, in a first position, concentrates the light beam into the central part of the front lens to generate a wide-angle light beam, and in a second position, distributes the light beam over the entire front lens to generate a narrow angle light beam. The light deflecting mechanism is connected with a first actuator, and is movable between the first and the second position.

Abstract: Described is an animation wheel for an automated luminaire for quick and direct movement between different individual gobos or for positioning anywhere through a plate which substantially exceed the size of the light beam cross-section.

Abstract: In a lamp clip 30, a locking portion 32 locked from the rear side to the hole edge of a locking hole 41 formed in a chassis 22 through an insertion hole 43 formed in an optical sheet 27 is provided. In the chassis 22, a through-hole 42 having a hole area larger than that of the locking hole 41 is provided continuously from the locking hole 41. The locking portion 32 is allowed to move between a fixed position where the locking portion 32 is located in the locking hole 41 and an attaching and detaching position where the locking portion 32 is located in the through-hole 42. The insertion hole 43 of the optical sheet 27 has a hole area larger than that of the locking hole 41. The optical sheet 27 is allowed to slide from an initial position where the insertion hole 43 communicates with the through-hole 42 in a direction along a moving direction of the locking portion 32.

Abstract: A flashlight with a rotatable lamp head is provided. The lamp head pivots about two cylindrical coaxial electrical connectors. The lamp head includes a reflector having a concave curved reflective surface and two lamp elements therein. A focusing ring on the lamp head moves the reflector in the lamp head for adjusting the focus of the light produced by the flashlight. The flashlight also includes a series of fluid-tight seals to insure that the flashlight is waterproof and a one-way flapper valve allows release of gases produced by the batteries and prevents fluid from entering the flashlight. A battery charger is also provided to recharge a battery pack for the flashlight.

Abstract: A lighting fixture can have a reduced depth size. The lighting device can include an LED light source, and a lens body disposed in front of the LED light source to be opposed to the LED light source. The lens body can includes a front light exiting surface and a rear surface that includes a light incident surface on which light emitted from the LED light source can be incident. The light incident surface can be a cylindrically recessed light incident surface that is formed by moving a concave semicircle section with respect to the LED light source in one direction to define a recessed space, and the LED light source is disposed within the recessed space defined by the light incident surface so that the light emitted from the LED light source is incident on the light incident surface.

Abstract: An improved beaconless adaptive optics system and process. A target is illuminated with a high energy laser beam of a directed energy laser. Wave front measurements are made of high energy laser beam reflections from the target. These wave front measurements are analyzed by a high speed processor to determine both high frequency phase components and low frequency phase components in the wave front data. (Applicants' experiments have shown that there is a direct correlation between beam spot size on the target and the phase variance of the reflected laser beam. The correlation is: the greater the phase variance the smaller the beam spot size.) Applicants have developed a technique for providing special control algorithms that provide very high speed control of the elements of a deformable mirror using this phase variance as a feedback parameter. Applicants have also developed algorithms to correct a limited number of Zernike modes associated with the wave front control.

Abstract: Methods and systems for dynamic lighting systems are disclosed. The dynamic lighting system invented has minimal mechanical wear and is reacting quickly to fast changes by using magnetic power transmission moving optical elements between light sources, preferably types of LEDs or OLEDS, and objects to be illuminated. Movements of the optical elements can be either linear in up to three dimensions, tilted or on spherical tracks. Positions of the optical elements can be progressively taken and appointed.

Abstract: A shaping assembly for shaping a light beam extending along an optical axis is equipped with: a support frame extending about a longitudinal axis; a plurality of screen elements supported by the support frame and arranged transversally with respect to the axis; a plurality of pairs of actuators, each of which is coupled with a respective screen element; each actuator comprising at least a moving device and transmission means, which are configured to transmit the movement of the moving device to the respective screen element and comprise at least one rod-crank type mechanism.

Abstract: Improved lighting devices and methods are provided. In many embodiments, the devices and methods provide the capability to change a spot of light projected onto a target surface. In other embodiments, the devices and methods are fixed-focus. In one embodiment a lens can have a lens body with anterior and posterior surfaces. The anterior surface can be adapted to receive light from a light source. The posterior surface can have a central portion and a peripheral portion. Some of the light from the light source can pass through the lens body and exit the central portion of the posterior surface via refraction. Some of the light from the light source can pass through the lens body and exit the peripheral portion of the posterior surface via both refraction and reflection at various surfaces of the lens.