Abstract: The drive apparatus of the present invention includes a recording/reproduction section and a drive control section. The drive control section determines a physical address indicating a location at which data can be recorded next in the determined track of a write-once recording medium as a next writable address, based on the last recorded address in the track; compares the physical address corresponding to the logical address included in the recording instruction with the next writable address; when the physical address corresponding to the logical address is smaller than the next writable address, controls the recording/reproduction section to record the data at a specific location in the user data area other than the location indicated by the physical address corresponding to the logical address in the recording instruction; generates new disc management information; and controls the recording/reproduction section to record the new disc management information in the disc management information area.

Abstract: A recording medium, a data recording/reproducing method and a data recording/reproducing apparatus are disclosed. A recording medium comprises a data zone where user data are recorded; an inner zone located at an inner circumference of the data zone; and an outer zone located at an outer circumference of the data zone, wherein the data zone includes at least one spare area, and at least one of the inner zone and the outer zone includes at least one disc management area, the disc management area including: defect management information of the recording medium; general management information including information of the defect management information; and address information of the spare area that can be used as a defective replacement cluster, the general management information including address information per cluster of the disc management area where the defect management information is recorded.

Abstract: A spherical aberration correction mechanism 30 includes a lens holder 35 that holds a collimator lens 16, a main shaft 36a that supports the lens holder 35 in a linearly movable manner, a lead screw 34 supported in a rotatable manner and provided with a screw thread formed of a first slope and a second slope each in a spiral shape on an outer circumference thereof, and a stepping motor 13 that rotates the lead screw 34. The lens holder 35 includes a rack portion 41 disposed between the main shaft 36a and the lead screw 34 and having a slope that abuts on the first slope and first and second stoppers 46a and 46b that regulate a relative position of the rack portion 41 with respect to the lead screw 34 so that the rack portion 41 does not abut on the second slope.

Abstract: An address-accessing device includes first and second information generators for producing first and second information according to the received address signals; a phase offset detector for producing a phase offset according to the first and second information; a reference signal generator for producing a reference signal according to the phase offset, the first information and the second information; and a decoder used to determine the structure type of an address-in-pregroove unit (ADIP) according to the reference value. This address-accessing device is capable of adjusting the decision level and the phase offset automatically to lower the error rate occurring in the address access procedure.

Abstract: A write-once recording medium is provided, which comprises a management information area for recording management information for managing a recorded state, and a user data area for recording user data. The user data area is configured to contain at least one recording area. At least one session is configured to contain at least one of the at least one recording area. The management information contains range information indicating a recording range of the at least one recording area and identification information for identifying the recording area located at a boundary of the session.

Abstract: The present invention allows the usability of a write-once recording medium to be enhanced. The write-once recording medium is provided with an ordinary recording/reproduction area, an alternate area, a first alternate-address management information area (DMA) and a second alternate-address management information area (TDMA). In addition, written/unwritten state indication information (a space bitmap) is also recorded. The second alternate-address management information area is an area allowing alternate-address management information recorded therein to be renewed by adding alternate-address management information thereto. In addition, the written/unwritten state indication information indicates whether or not data has been recorded in each data unit (cluster) on the recording medium. Thus, it is possible to correctly execute management of defects and properly implement renewal of data in the write-once recording medium.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for recording and/or reproducing data to/from a recording medium are disclosed. The recording medium includes at least one physical access control (PAC) cluster, the at least one PAC cluster including information for managing recording to and/or reproducing from the recording medium, wherein each PAC cluster includes a PAC header, common to each PAC cluster, and a PAC specific information area, which includes information specific to each PAC cluster, wherein the PAC header includes a segment information identifying at least one segment area in a user data area of the recording medium by a position information of the each segment area.

Abstract: Media content playback includes providing a plurality of media contents; providing for each of the media contents information identifying the respective media content; receiving from a user selection instructions that effect selecting or deselecting of a specific media content; providing context data based on measurements of at least one of absolute time, absolute position and of at least one physical quantity at or in the vicinity of the location where the selected media content is to be reproduced; providing or adapting a user profile that assigns for each specific media content user instructions to the context data provided at the time of receipt of the respective instruction; selecting according to the user profile one of the media contents dependent on the context data at the time of selection; and reproducing the selected media content.

Abstract: An information storage medium having a plurality of recording layers is provided. The information storage medium including a physical ADIP address (PAA) which corresponds to an address recorded on the information storage medium. In the case in which an address of a layer i to which a pickup will move corresponds to PAAi, an address of a layer j in which the pickup is currently located corresponds to PAAj, and n corresponds to the number of the recording layers, the PAAi and the PAAj satisfy the equation PAAi= PAAj+(7?(i+j))*40 00 00h+00 00 01h(i+j=odd and i,j=0,1,2, . . . ,n?1) in response to the pickup moving from an even layer to an odd layer or from an odd layer to an even layer, and satisfy the equation PAAi=PAAj+(i?j)*40 00 00h(i+j=even and i,j=0,1,2, . . . ,n?1) in response to the pickup moving from an even layer to another even layer or from an odd layer to another odd layer.

Abstract: A thermally-assisted recording (TAR) patterned-media magnetic recording disk drive has a perpendicular patterned-media disk with multilevel data islands and a laser capable of supplying multiple levels of output power to a near-field transducer (NFT). If there are only two cells in each island, each island is formed of an upper cell of magnetic material with a coercivity HC1 and a Curie temperature TC1, a lower cell of magnetic material with a coercivity HC2 and a Curie temperature TC2 greater than TC1, and a nonmagnetic spacer layer between the two cells. Each cell is formed of high-anisotropy material so as to have an anisotropy field greater than the magnetic write field. The TAR laser is capable of supplying at least two levels of output power to the NFT to allow the islands to be heated to two distinct temperatures so that the two cells in an island can be written so as to have either the same or opposite magnetizations.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a system is provided for recording data in an optical disc having frames having different numbers. The system records data in each of the frames while writing synchronization information in each frame. The system is provided with an even/odd frame judgment unit, a synchronization information output unit, a synchronization information selection unit and a selection information output unit. The even/odd frame judgment unit judges whether the number of a frame having a land pre-pit is an even number or an odd number. The synchronization information output unit outputs plural pieces of synchronization information corresponding to different synchronization patterns. The synchronization information selection unit generates a selection signal for selecting one of the pieces of synchronization information to be written in each frame. The selection information output unit outputs the selected one of the pieces of synchronization information.

Abstract: An adaptation device includes a lower casing member including a connection interface and forming a bottom slot in a front bottom, at least one retention flange on side walls, and pivot receiving holes in rear portions of the side walls. A retention board forms a connection interface receiving opening in a front end, rotation shafts on a rear end, and pawls on a bottom. The shafts are movably received in shaft slots defined in a rotary board. Pivots are formed below the shaft slots for being received in pivot receiving holes defined in the lower casing member. The rotary board has a hold-down plate. With a hard disk drive placed on the retention board and connected to a connection interface, the cover and the rotary board are closed forward to have the hold-down plate holding down the hard disk drive. The cover is then moved backward for fixation.

Abstract: An information storage medium, and a recording/reproducing apparatus and method, the information storage medium including a plurality of recording layers, each layer including a lead-in area or a lead-out area, a data area, a middle area, and a dedicated area, wherein the data area is flexibly allocated according to data capacity to be recorded in each of the recording layers, the middle area is allocated behind the data area, and the dedicated area is allocated behind the middle area. The dedicated area for a special purpose may selectively be allocated in an outer circumferential area of the information storage medium, i.e., an optical disk including a plurality of recording layers. In particular, optical disks in various formats are provided in which dedicated areas for special purposes can selectively be allocated in outer circumferential areas of the optical disks depending on recording characteristics of the optical disks and the outer circumferential areas.

Abstract: A system and method for secure writing to a disk are disclosed for securely writing live data to the disk. A free space of the disk after the live data is written to the disk is determined. Random bits are generated for the free space. At least some of the random bits are written to the disk to fill the free space in a first part of a write process. The live data is written to the disk in a second part of the write process adapted to begin at a terminus of the free space on the disk and continue until all of the live data is written to the disk.

Abstract: A disc playback apparatus includes a decoder 15 for decoding audio files respectively corresponding to different data formats, which are stored in a storage unit, on the basis of a file attribute preset thereto, and for playing back the decoded audio files, and a control unit 16 for determining a file attribute of data read from the storage unit when starting the decoding and playback process on a basis of the file attribute set to the decoder, and for, when the file attribute differs from the file attribute set to the decoder, holding address information about the read data, and, after stopping the reading of subsequent data, changing the setting of the file attribute made for the decoder and then restarting to read the data by using the address information held thereby.

Abstract: A search method of efficiently retrieving information is provided. A search light 21 is generated from a search condition (S1). The search light is irradiated onto a hologram 104a recorded in a hologram recording layer 104 (S2). When the search light interferes with the hologram and a reproduction light is generated, address information of the hologram from which the reproduction light is generated is identified using an address light 23 that reads the address information. The identified address light is recorded (S3). When the search light does not generate the reproduction light from the hologram, the search light is irradiated onto another hologram 104b recorded in the hologram recording layer.

Abstract: Methods for operating an apparatus for reading from or writing to a Super-RENS optical recording medium, an apparatus for reading from Super-RENS optical recording media using such methods, and a Super-RENS optical recording medium suitable for such methods are described. The super-RENS optical recording medium has location information that is readable without super-RENS effect. The location information is provided as low-frequency information. For locating a position on the super-RENS optical recording medium, a reading light beam with a power below a power necessary for achieving a super-RENS effect is generated and the location information is retrieved from the super-RENS optical recording medium.

Abstract: There is provided an optical disc device including an objective lens, a lens actuator for driving the objective lens, a light-receiving unit, and a system control unit which determines, at startup, the values of parameters to be set for recording or reproducing data in or from the respective information layers, and performs setting and management of recording inhibition or reproduction inhibition for the respective information layers, wherein, even when an error occurs because the values of the parameter groups for the respective layers cannot be determined in an optical disc having laminated plural information layers, recording or reproduction can be performed for at least the layers for which the parameters can be correctly determined, without stopping the startup. Thereby, the states of the respective information layers are managed for each information layer, and reproduction or recording operation is rapidly started in the respective layers to effectively utilize the multilayer disc.

Abstract: The signal processing circuit in the present invention includes a tracking polarity determination unit configured to determine the polarity when tracking control is performed on an optical disc, on which a wobble is formed, the tracking polarity determination unit including: a binarized wobble signal generation unit configured to generate a wobble signal according to the shape of the wobble, and to generate a binarized wobble signal; a characteristic quantity measurement unit configured to measure the characteristic quantity of the binarized wobble signal generated by the binarized wobble signal generation unit; a determination unit configured to determine whether or not the characteristic quantity of the binarized wobble signal measured by the characteristic quantity measurement unit indicates a predetermined characteristic; and a polarity determination unit configured to determine the polarity by the result of the determination by the determination unit.

Abstract: In step S1, the address generator generates address information composed of a sync signal which is recorded on an optical disc, address data and an error correction code for the address data, pre-encodes and supplies it to a modulator. At the same time, a carrier signal generator generates a carrier signal which is to carry the address information, and supplies it to the modulator. In step S2, the modulator makes MSK modulation of the carrier signal supplied from the carrier signal generator on the basis of the pre-encoded address information supplied from the address generator, and supplies a resultant MSK modulation signal to a wobbling unit. In step S3, the wobbling unit forms, on the optical disc, a spiral groove wobbled adaptively to the MSK modulation signal supplied from the modulator. In this optical disc, a given address can be accessed quickly and accurately.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an optical recording medium is provided in which interlayer crosstalk is low and in which stable and high-quality recording characteristics can be obtained. To this end, an optical recording medium comprises a first recording part which includes a first recording layer and a first light reflecting layer and which is disposed on a side closer to a light receiving surface, and a second recording part which includes a second recording layer and a second light reflecting layer and which is disposed on a side farther from the light receiving surface, the first recording part and the second recording part being stacked, wherein the thickness of the second light reflecting layer is larger than the thickness of the first light reflecting layer.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an optical recording medium is provided in which interlayer crosstalk is low and in which stable and high-quality recording characteristics can be obtained. To this end, an optical recording medium comprises a first recording part which includes a first recording layer and a first light reflecting layer and which is disposed on a side closer to a light receiving surface, and a second recording part which includes a second recording layer and a second light reflecting layer and which is disposed on a side farther from the light receiving surface, the first recording part and the second recording part being stacked, wherein the thickness of the second light reflecting layer is larger than the thickness of the first light reflecting layer.

Abstract: A medium transporting mechanism for transporting one of stacked media each of which has a hole is provided. A holder is provided on a movable transporting arm and holds the one of the media. A guide is provided in the transporting arm, the guide has a tapered surface that is inclined with respect to an axis of the guide. The tapered surface is configured to be brought into contact with an inner surface of the hole of the one of the media when the guide is inserted into the hole of the one of the media. The tapered surface includes a first surface on a tip end portion of the guide and a second surface on a base end portion of the guide. An inclined angle of the first surface with respect to the axis of the guide is greater than an inclined angle of the second surface with respect to the axis of the guide.

Abstract: A method reads text data from a musical disc in a disc drive. The musical disc includes a plurality of blocks each including a plurality of packs. Each pack is given a block number and a sequence number and written to a ring buffer of a disc drive including a first memory and a second memory.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an optical recording medium is provided in which interlayer crosstalk is low and in which stable and high-quality recording characteristics can be obtained. To this end, an optical recording medium comprises a first recording part which includes a first recording layer and a first light reflecting layer and which is disposed on a side closer to a light receiving surface, and a second recording part which includes a second recording layer and a second light reflecting layer and which is disposed on a side farther from the light receiving surface, the first recording part and the second recording part being stacked, wherein the thickness of the second light reflecting layer is larger than the thickness of the first light reflecting layer.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an optical recording medium is provided in which interlayer crosstalk is low and in which stable and high-quality recording characteristics can be obtained. To this end, an optical recording medium comprises a first recording part which includes a first recording layer and a first light reflecting layer and which is disposed on a side closer to a light receiving surface, and a second recording part which includes a second recording layer and a second light reflecting layer and which is disposed on a side farther from the light receiving surface, the first recording part and the second recording part being stacked, wherein the thickness of the second light reflecting layer is larger than the thickness of the first light reflecting layer.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an optical recording medium is provided in which interlayer crosstalk is low and in which stable and high-quality recording characteristics can be obtained. To this end, an optical recording medium comprises a first recording part which includes a first recording layer and a first light reflecting layer and which is disposed on a side closer to a light receiving surface, and a second recording part which includes a second recording layer and a second light reflecting layer and which is disposed on a side farther from the light receiving surface, the first recording part and the second recording part being stacked, wherein the thickness of the second light reflecting layer is larger than the thickness of the first light reflecting layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a data reading module for reading an optical disc with data regions and undesired regions, wherein at least one of the undesired regions is located between the data regions. The data reading module includes: a decoder arranged to decode the optical disc to generate decoded data; a data transferring device arranged to transfer the decoded data; and a controller arranged to control the decoder according to a recorded map indicating the locations of the data regions and the undesired regions; wherein the controller controls the decoder to skip the undesired regions and does not decode the undesired regions while decoding the optical disc.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a multi-layer optical recording medium having n recording layers (n?3) in which recording and reproduction of information are carried out by laser light, the multi-layer optical recording medium including: a file system area configured to be disposed near a last logical address in an area used as a logical address space in which stream data is recorded, wherein in the other recording layers different from the recording layer in which the file system area near the last logical address is disposed, the logical address space is not allocated to an area overlapping with the file system area in a layer stacking direction.

Abstract: An optical record carrier (1) includes an area (2) for storing user information and an area (3) for storing control information. The control information is arranged in a block of frames of equal length. The block includes an identification of the total number of frames in the block.

Abstract: An optical disc drive according to the present invention writes information on an optical disc, which includes a substrate on which a number of pre-pits have been formed on its tracks and a recording film that is supported on the substrate. The optical disc drive includes a writing control section for instructing an optical pickup to record marks on the tracks by irradiating the recording film with a writing light beam. In accordance with information that defines, on the tracks, recordable areas Aa1 through Aa4 where the marks are recordable and pre-pit reading areas Ab1 through Ab4 where no marks are recordable, the writing control section controls the optical pickup so that the marks are recorded on at least some of the recordable areas. On the tracks on which the marks are recorded, each recordable area is shorter than any of the pre-pit reading areas.

Abstract: Minimized is the influence which is exerted by recording calibration (test recording) such as power calibration, strategy calibration or the like, performed in an area for recording calibration (recording calibration area or test area) provided in each of a plurality of recording layers, on recording calibration performed in the other recording layers. On a recording medium, data is recorded on at least one of a plurality of recording layers by laser light incident on a surface of the recording medium. The plurality of recording layers include a first recording layer, and second through N-th recording layers (N is an integer of 3 or greater) which are sequentially located in a direction from the first recording layer toward the surface on which the laser is incident. The plurality of recording layers each have a first calibration area and a second calibration area located outer to the first calibration area.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for managing a defect of an optical disc. In the method, when a host requests data of an optical disc inserted into an optical disc drive (ODD) included in a device to be integrated with a solid state drive (SSD), an address of the requested data is compared with contents contained in defect management information managed within the SSD, and the requested data is read from the optical disc or from the defect management information according to a result of the comparing. The defect management information may include optical disc identification information, address information, defect type information and data of a corresponding address. When the optical disc is inserted into the ODD, defect management information regarding the optical disc may be generated and stored in the SSD. Accordingly, Read Delay or Read Fail, resulting from a defect of the optical disc, can be obviated.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an information storage medium in which layer 0 and layer 1 are arranged from a read surface, a system lead-in area, data lead-in area, data area, and middle area are arranged from an inner circumference of the layer 0, and a system lead-out area, data lead-out area, data area, and middle area are arranged from an inner circumference of the layer 1. A guard track zone is arranged on a side of the data area in the data lead-out area, and a reference code zone, R physical format information zone, recording management zone, and drive test zone are arranged in the data lead-in area of the layer 0 and padding of the guard track zone of the data lead-out area is performed after padding of the drive test zone of data lead-in area and recording of the recording management zone.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an information storage medium in which layer 0 and layer 1 are arranged from a read surface, a system lead-in area, data lead-in area, data area, and middle area are arranged from an inner circumference of the layer 0, and a system lead-out area, data lead-out area, data area, and middle area are arranged from an inner circumference of the layer 1. A guard track zone is arranged on a side of the data area in the data lead-out area, and a reference code zone, R physical format information zone, recording management zone, and drive test zone are arranged in the data lead-in area of the layer 0 and padding of the guard track zone of the data lead-out area is performed after padding of the drive test zone of data lead-in area and recording of the recording management zone.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an information storage medium in which layer 0 and layer 1 are arranged from a read surface, a system lead-in area, data lead-in area, data area, and middle area are arranged from an inner circumference of the layer 0, and a system lead-out area, data lead-out area, data area, and middle area are arranged from an inner circumference of the layer 1. A guard track zone is arranged on a side of the data area in the data lead-out area, and a reference code zone, R physical format information zone, recording management zone, and drive test zone are arranged in the data lead-in area of the layer 0 and padding of the guard track zone of the data lead-out area is performed after padding of the drive test zone of data lead-in area and recording of the recording management zone.

Abstract: An information recording medium in which bottoms of a guide groove and a pit array formed on a disc substrate are allocated on a same flat plane and shaped in flat. Further, in a transition area from a pit array to a guide groove or from a guide groove to a pit array, the information recording medium is provided with an intermediate area composed of a pit array of which height changes from a height between a bottom and a side of a groove to another height between the bottom and a side of the pit array.

Abstract: A recording apparatus includes: a recording device for recording content data onto a recordable recording medium with a first recording layer including a first data area and a second recording layer including a second data area; a first reading device reading the address of the position corresponding to the maximum capacity of the first data area; a second reading device reading an address of a layer jump position of the content data; a calculating device for calculating a position to start the recording of the content data such that the layer jump position of the content data is recorded at the position corresponding to the maximum capacity of the first data area; and a first controlling device for controlling the recording device to record first padding data into an area from a start position of the first data area to the position to start the recording of the content data.

Abstract: For a disc on which recording is to be performed at a plurality of recording densities, a technique for easily reading out disc management information without an error is disclosed. An optical disc (1) includes a plurality of data recording areas (103,104) for recording information at data recording densities different from each other. Information regarding the data recording densities of the data recording areas (103,104) is recorded in a management information recording area (BCA area (101) or PIC area (102)) in a specific format that does not depend on the data recording densities of the data recording areas (103,104). Each data recording area is divided to be arranged on the same surface of the disc, or is divided and arranged on a plurality of recording layers.

Abstract: A recording medium on which data is recorded in units of clusters, a method and apparatus for reproducing data on the recording medium, and a method and apparatus for recording data on the recording medium, wherein each of the clusters includes a plurality of address fields, each address field includes 32-bit address unit number (AUN) address information, and the AUN address information includes a reserved area recorded on 4 bits, layer information, recorded on 3 bits, indicating a layer on which data corresponding to the AUN address information is recorded, and location information, recorded on 25 bits, indicating a location of the data corresponding to the AUN address information. In the recording medium of the present invention, a space in which addresses are recorded is expanded, thereby securing an address area in which addresses of data can be recorded in a data structure.

Abstract: A method of recording data onto an optical storage medium includes: before starting recording data onto the optical storage medium from an expected link point on the optical storage medium, setting a current recording condition corresponding to the expected link point according to at least one previous recording condition corresponding to the expected link point; and controlling an operation of recording the data onto the optical storage medium according to the current recording condition.

Abstract: The present invention provides a video reproducing device which provides a function of reproducing a still image file and a moving image file recorded onto a recording medium in plural formats so that a user can easily identify a matched statuses of the files in the video reproducing device and can select and operate a target file as well as a control method therefor. The present invention displays an index screen in which thumbnails of a still image file and a moving image file in plural formats read from a recording medium are arrayed and further displays icons for clarifying a match relation between the video reproducing device and the files.

Abstract: A portable data storage cartridge comprising a housing, a first information storage medium removeably disposed within the housing, a holographic data storage medium disposed within the housing, wherein the housing is formed to include an aperture, and wherein the holographic data storage medium is disposed adjacent the aperture.

Abstract: A recording/reproducing apparatus includes a writing/reading unit writing data to or reading data from an information recording medium having an access control area in which access control data is recorded, the access control data having common information set to allow the recording/reproducing apparatus that cannot recognize a predetermined function adapted to the information recording medium to control access to the information recording medium; and a control unit controlling the writing/reading unit to record access control data regarding a function recognizable by the recording/reproducing apparatus in the access control area when the information recording medium is initialized or reinitialized.

Abstract: An optical disc is disclosed having a set of primary tracks and a set of alternate tracks. At least some of the primary and alternate tracks are associated. When a CD-DA reader accesses the optical disc, it locates only the primary tracks. By contrast, when a data reader such as a CD-Rom drive accesses the disc, modifications to the Table of Contents (TOC) cause the data reader not to access a given primary track but instead to be directed to its associated alternate track. This alternate track may contain audio (CD-DA) data which may or may not correspond with the CD-DA data in the associated primary track. The alternate tracks may be copy protected, and/or may include compressed (not CD-DA) data which is the subject of digital rights management.

Abstract: A recording medium, and a method and apparatus of controlling an access to the recording medium are disclosed. Physical access control (PAC) information that is pre-recorded on a recording medium is extracted. Then, a PAC identification is extracted from the PAC information. An access to the recording medium is controlled using first control information that is included in the PAC information, when the PAC identification is known. Alternatively, the access to the recording medium is controlled using second control information that is included in the PAC information, when the PAC identification is unknown.

Abstract: A recording system records data by retrieving it from a portable medium such as CD-ROM or the like. The recording system determines a data retrieval speed for a specific data track on the portable medium by calculating a retrieval time of the specific data track at an increased retrieval speed and a playback time of a preceding data track on the portable medium. When the retrieval time of the specific data track at the increased retrieval speed is smaller than the playback time of the preceding data track, the recording system reduces the retrieval speed for the specific data track.

Abstract: An optical disc medium comprises a track groove, along which main information is recorded. The track groove is divided into a plurality of blocks. The plurality of blocks each include a plurality of frames. The plurality of frames each include one shape of wobbles indicating sub information, among a plurality of prescribed shapes of wobbles. The plurality of blocks each have address information. The address information is represented by a string of at least one piece of sub information represented by the shape of wobbles of at least one of the plurality of frames.

Abstract: A recording medium, a method of creating a file of the recording medium, and a method and apparatus for reproducing the same are disclosed. In the recording medium including a plurality of recording layers, the method of creating a file of the recording medium includes continuously recording a stream data file within a first recording layer and a second recording layer among the plurality of recording layers, which are adjacent to one another, and forming a PlayList file so as to enable seamless playback of the recorded stream data file, wherein the PlayList file includes a presentation start time (IN-Time), at which playback begins, positioned in the first recording layer, and a presentation end time (OUT-Time), at which playback is ended, positioned in the second recording layer.

Abstract: In a disc processing apparatus capable of automatically carrying out processing work such as recording information on a plurality of optical discs and printing label surfaces on those optical discs, this disc processing apparatus is able to suppress by separating a conveyed optical disc from an optical disc located just under the conveyed optical disc the occurrence of a phenomenon in which a plurality of optical discs is simultaneously conveyed in the state in which they stuck together when a plurality of optical discs accommodated within a stacker in the stacked state stuck together. After a disc contact portion 17c of a disc holding mechanism C1 was brought in contact with an optical disc D, the disc holding mechanism C1 is lowered by a predetermined amount to urge the disc contact portion 17c to downwardly press the optical disc D to thereby apply force directed in the direction substantially perpendicular to the disc surface to the optical disc D.