Abstract: A communication method and apparatus are provided for transmitting packets of a data stream between user equipment. After receiving a first packet from a first user equipment, a user plane function (UPF) forwards the first packet to a second user equipment at a first moment, so that the first packet that arrives at the UPF before the first moment is not forwarded to the second user equipment until the first moment, to support deterministic sending and ensure that a time sensitive communication (TSC) packet is sent at a determined moment, so as to provide deterministic delay assurance for applications such as industrial control and telemedicine.

Abstract: A network node may receive an indication of a range of network address prefixes and a corresponding range of sequential identifiers. The network node may generate a policy for mapping respective network address prefixes, having ordered positions within the range of network address prefixes, to respective identifiers having corresponding ordered positions within the corresponding range of sequential identifiers. The network node may discover a device associated with a network address having a network address prefix at an ordered position within the range of network address prefixes. The network node may map, based on the policy, the network address prefix to an identifier having an ordered position within the corresponding range of sequential identifiers, wherein the ordered position within the corresponding range of sequential identifiers corresponds to the ordered position within the range of network address prefixes. The network node may advertise the mapping to one or more neighbor nodes.

Abstract: An initial test is executed to determine an end-to-end latency of a path between a source and a destination. Subsequent tests incrementally target each node of the path for measurement of metric values indicative of delay of the nodes (e.g., latency, jitter, and packet loss). As tests are performed incrementally for each node, the maximum observed latency is tracked and used for calculating timeout thresholds. For the first hop, the timeout threshold is determined relative to the end-to-end latency; for subsequent hops, the timeout threshold is determined relative to the maximum non-timeout latency measured for a previous hop. Each test is performed N times to obtain additional values of delay metrics for each node. Upon completion of the N passes through the path, the resulting delay metric values determined for each test set are aggregated to yield a single, comprehensive result set.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a device includes a hardware clock to maintain a clock value, a hardware counter to maintain an estimation of a dynamic error bound of the clock value, and a clock controller to intermittently discipline the hardware clock responsively to a remote clock, advance the hardware counter at a rate responsively to a clock drift, and adjust the hardware counter responsively to the hardware clock being disciplined.

Abstract: A network device includes processing circuitry and one or more ports. The one or more ports are configured to connect to a communication network. The processing circuitry is configured to receive a packet originating from a network node running an application program, the packet includes application-level metadata relating to the application program, to generate telemetry data based at least on the application-level metadata, and to transmit the telemetry data via one of the ports, over the communication network.

Abstract: Procedures and mechanisms for narrowband multi-channel transmission for wakeup radio (WUR) operation are disclosed. A station (STA) operating in WUR mode may have its a primary connectivity radio (PCR) turned off and its WUR turned and operating according to previously negotiated WUR operating parameters. The STA may monitor, for WUR beacons and frames over a first WUR channel, and determine that the first WUR channel does not support reliable transmission based on no beacons being received within a first duration. The STA may turn off the WUR, and turn on the PCR to send a first short WUR frame including a wakeup reason, and receive a second short WUR frame with a WUR channel assignment. The STA may turn off the PCR, turn on the WUR, and monitor for WUR signals on a second WUR channel according to the WUR channel assignment and the previously negotiated WUR operating parameters.

Abstract: A user equipment (UE) is configured to store information related to network slices. The UE receives network slice related information associated with a first public land mobile network (PLMN), stores the network slice related information in a database locally at the UE, identifies a predetermined condition and removes at least a portion of the network slice information associated with the first PLMN based on camping on a second PLMN and the predetermined condition.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method of transmitting a packet by an Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) node in a wireless communication system. In particular, the method includes the steps of: receiving, from a first node, an indication indicating that a congestion problem occurs between the first node and a second node; if the packet is to be transmitted to other node via the first node, transmitting the packet to the first node; and if the packet is to be transmitted to the second node via the first node, transmitting the packet to a third node.

Abstract: A network device obtains service requirements associated with a customer identifier, obtains a first profile describing an infrastructure design of multiple transport domains associated with at least one network slice of a network, and obtains a second profile describing performance characteristics of the multiple transport domains of the at least one network slice. The network device receives training data associated with performance measurements of the multiple transport domains of the at least one network slice, and updates a machine learning model based on the training data. The network device selects at least one of the multiple transport domains for orchestration using the updated machine learning model, the service requirements, the first profile, and the second profile.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for reconstructing and simulating neocortical microcircuitry. In one aspect, a method includes providing a model of neural tissue, the model including different types of neural cells and dynamic synaptic interconnections between the neural cells, changing a parameter in the model; and identifying a change in a computational state of the model of the neural tissue responsive to the change in the parameter. The change in the parameter can, e.g., change behavior of neural cells of at least one type, change interconnectivity between neural cells, or target a location within a volume in the model that interacts with multiple types of neural cells.

Abstract: Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment may receive information indicating a switch from using a first set of random access channel (RACH) occasions (ROs) for physical RACH (PRACH) communications to using a second set of ROs for the PRACH communications; and transmit a PRACH communication using an RO, of the second set of ROs, based at least in part on receiving the information indicating the switch. Numerous other aspects are provided.

Abstract: Methods and systems described herein describe a central server that continuously monitors network connectivity of remote computers operated by remote employees. When a customer establishes an electronic communication session with the server (e.g., call or chat session), the server identifies one or more applications to be executed to satisfy the customer's requests. The server then calculates a network traffic value threshold corresponding to a minimum network connectivity attributes needed to execute the identified applications. The server then route the customer's electronic communication session to an agent whose remote computer satisfies the network traffic value threshold.

Abstract: A user plane function receives, from a session management function, a request for at least one quality of service (QoS) report for a data flow, the request indicating: a QoS event; and a first QoS value for the QoS event. Monitoring packets for monitoring a second QoS value of the data flow are sent to a base station. A determination is made of an occurrence of the QoS event based on the second QoS value and the first QoS value. An indication of the occurrence is sent to the session management function.

Abstract: Embodiments of this specification provide a transaction processing method, apparatus, and electronic device for a blockchain. The method includes: executing, by a blockchain node in the blockchain, a consensus protocol for an N-th round of consensus, wherein the consensus protocol comprises reaching a consensus on a blockchain transaction of the N-th round of consensus and upon the consensus being reached, executing the blockchain transaction of the N-th round of consensus; writing, by the blockchain node after the execution of the blockchain transaction, a block comprising the blockchain transaction of the N-th round of consensus into the blockchain; and concurrently with the writing of the block, executing, by the blockchain node, the consensus protocol for an (N+1)-th round of consensus in the blockchain.

Abstract: The described technology provides a system and method for identifying cells in a wireless communication network for corrective action to improve coverage and capacity of the network. A coverage analysis tool receives network traffic information, extracts call or data traffic information for a particular radio access technology (RAT), and determines based on radio frequency (RF) information and distances between serving cells and call data, and serving cells and adjacent neighbor cells, whether the serving cells are over-shooter or under-shooter cells. The coverage analysis tool recommends remedial action to improve the network's coverage and capacity including adjusting antenna tilt and/or adjusting transmit power.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of operating a transmitting radio node in a wireless communication network. The method includes transmitting first control signaling in a control region, the first control signaling having at least a first signaling characteristic from a set of signaling characteristics in which the signaling characteristics of the set of signaling characteristics are associated to the control region. The disclosure also pertains to related devices and methods.

Abstract: A software and/or hardware facility for scoring the quality of traffic to a site accessible via the Internet or other network. The facility extracts data from one or more data logs that are obtained from a publisher, advertiser, or third party. A multi-factor analysis in the form of a rule set is applied by the facility to the data. The analysis of the data identifies agent actions that are desirable to a publisher, advertiser, or third party. The facility generates a relative score for each agent action. The score may be used to assess the quality of traffic received by a network site. Lower scores are indicative of traffic having little value, whereas higher scores are indicative of traffic having greater value. The score may be provided to an advertising network and used to charge a variable amount for advertisements based on the quality of traffic that the advertisements receive.

Abstract: The disclosure includes embodiments for message management by an ego vehicle for a Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) channel used in V2X messages for providing a cooperative driving service. In some embodiments, the method includes receiving a first V2X message including remote sensor data recorded by a remote vehicle. The method includes causing an onboard sensor set of the ego vehicle to record ego sensor data. The method includes determining a channel busy ratio of the V2X channel. The method includes determining a set of factors affecting a state of a recipient vehicle that receives a second V2X message. The method includes selecting a cooperation message species class and an aggregation message species class of the second V2X message based on the set of factors and the state of the recipient vehicle. The method includes selecting, from a set of available classes, a specific class of the second V2X message.

Abstract: Periodic requests for to Packet Flow Description, PFD, data updates on all Application Ids generate a constant background load in several network function nodes, even if applications have not been updated. There is provided a mechanism to optimize PFD management updates in a telecommunication network, whereby PFD data for a selected number of applications are stored and updated permanently, whilst PFD data for other applications are only temporarily stored so that storage and updates are released when these other applications are not in use. A list of permanent Application Ids is configured for the most frequently used applications. When a control rule specifies an Application Id not included in the list of permanent Application Ids, the specified Application Id is included in a list of temporary Application Ids, which are periodically checked and, when not used, are removed from the list of temporary Application Ids.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may receive, via a first carrier associated with a first radio access technology, at least a first uplink grant from a base station. The UE may implement one or more backoff schemes. For example, the UE may transmit, using resources indicated by at least the first uplink grant, an uplink message based on a temperature of one or more components of the UE satisfying a threshold, the uplink message including a transport block (TB) indicating data, a buffer status report (BSR) associated with the data, one or more padding bytes different from the data, or any combination thereof. The UE may monitor for at least a second uplink grant from the base station during a first time period based on transmitting the uplink message.

Abstract: A method, non-transitory computer readable medium, and device for analyzing network traffic and enforcing network policies includes analyzing network traffic data based on one or more network traffic rules. An attack on the network such as a current or predicted attack is determined based on the analysis. Next, one or more policy changes to a plurality of existing network policies are identified when the current or predicted attack on the network is determined to be present. The identified one or more policy changes are enforced on one or more client computing devices causing the determined current or the predicted attack on the network.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus, including computer program products, are provided for remote monitoring. In some example implementations, there is provided a method. The method may include receiving, at a remote monitor, a notification message representative of an event detected, by a server, from analyte sensor data obtained from a receiver monitoring an analyte state of a host; presenting, at the remote monitor, the notification message to activate the remote monitor, wherein the remote monitor is configured by the server to receive the notification message to augment the receiver monitoring of the analyte state of the host; accessing, by the remote monitor, the server, in response to the presenting of the notification message; and receiving, in response to the accessing, information including at least the analyte sensor data. Related systems, methods, and articles of manufacture are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system, and more particularly, to a method including multiplexing UCI symbols and PTRS symbols to generate a block of modulation symbols; spreading the block of modulation symbols based on an orthogonal sequence with a spreading factor M to provide a length-L spread modulation symbol sequence, wherein the block of modulation symbols includes L/M modulation symbols, and L is a number 12 of subcarriers in a resource block; discrete fourier transforming the length-L spread modulation symbol sequence to provide a length-L complex-valued symbol sequence; transmitting the length-L complex-valued symbol sequence through an OFDM-based symbol for a PUCCH, and an apparatus therefor.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the invention provide a a method of processing packets associated with a logical switching element implemented by multiple physical switching elements executing on multiple host computers on which multiple machines execute. At a first physical switching element of a first host computer, the method receives a packet from a first machine associated with the logical switching element. For the packet, the method identifies a logical ingress port of the logical switch that is associated with the packet. For the packet, the method also uses the logical ingress port to identify a logical egress port of the logical switch that is associated with the packet. For the packet, the method also uses the logical egress port to identify a physical egress port of the first host computer to use to send the packet along to a second machine associated with the logical egress port.

Abstract: Techniques are described for wireless communication. An orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) configuration of an uplink channel is identified for communications in an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band. An OFDMA waveform is generated based on the identified OFDMA configuration. The OFDMA waveform is communicated in a signal in the unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band. A virtual cell identifier of a first base station may be associated with transmissions between the first base station and a first user equipment (UE). A set of common resource blocks may be identified for transmission of a demodulation reference signal (DM-RS) between the first base station and the first UE. A configuration of an uplink channel may be dynamically selected for uplink communications in an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band. A waveform may be generated based on the selected configuration. The waveform may be communicated in a signal in the unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band.

Abstract: Systems and methods of disconnecting a network service provided over a network service path include using a computing device that obtains a service identifier assigned to network service and identifies a port of a network device included in a network service path associated with the service. The computing device transmits a request to the network device for port configuration data of the network device and based on the received port configuration data, determines whether the port is assigned to the network service. If so, the computing devices executes a remediation operation which includes transmitting a reconfiguration command to the network device that is adapted to cause the network device to update the port configuration data to free the port.

Abstract: This application provides a flow control method and apparatus, and relates to the field of communications technologies. A relay device indicates flow control to an upper-level node to avoid spectrum resources waste because of excessively small amount of data transmission or an excessively large amount of data transmission from an upper-level node. The method includes: A first node determines to indicate a second node to perform flow control; and the first node sends a first flow control indication to the second node. The first flow control indication is carried in adaptation layer control signaling, an RLC control message, or a MAC CE. The first flow control indication includes identifiers of one or more bearers and flow control information. The second node is a relay node or a donor base station.

Abstract: A method may include transmitting an open contention-based grant to optical network units (ONUs) and receiving, from at least one of the ONUs, a response to the open contention-based grant. The method may also include determining whether a collision has occurred in response to the open contention-based grant. The method may further include provisioning grants to ONUs in response to determine that a collision has occurred.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described herein for managing information transmitted between and/or within communication networks. Aspects discussed herein relate to monitoring and characterizing data flows with network and/or latency parameters, such as a time-to-buffer (TTB) parameter. Latency managers, network components, or other suitable devices operating in a communication network may utilize TTB parameter information as a management mechanism throughout the communication network to negotiate and schedule the delivery of data packets in view of a variety of factors, e.g., network performance, application priority, and the like. Such devices may be further configured to modify network or routing policies based on network performance and latency information obtained from and/or shared by various network components and devices in the communication network.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a device obtains behavioral metrics for application traffic in a network for a plurality of applications. The device identifies a first application and a second application from among the plurality of applications as fate sharing applications, based on a correlation between the behavioral metrics for their application traffic. The device generates a configuration change for the network that would prevent the first application and the second application from being fate sharing applications, when application traffic for the first application negatively affects the behavioral metrics for the application traffic of the second application. The device causes the configuration change to be implemented in the network.

Abstract: A method for dynamically adapting a maximum bitrate (MBR) configuration of an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS)/Rich Communication Services (RCS) application, includes receiving a signal from a client server for an IMS/RCS application, establishing a bearer channel for an Internet multimedia communication, the channel having an initial preconfigured MBR, determining a codec used to transmit the communication, determining the bitrate used by a codec, and modifying the MBR of the channel based on the bitrate of the codec.

Abstract: A method for transmitting a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) and a device using the same are provided. The device receives a trigger frame for requesting a transmission of a high efficiency (HE) trigger-based (TB) PPDU and transmits the HE TB PPDU. A duration of the HE TB PPDU is calculated based on a duration of the trigger frame.

Abstract: Methods, devices, and systems for GPU cache injection. A GPU compute node includes a network interface controller (NIC) which includes NIC receiver circuitry which can receive data for processing on the GPU, NIC transmitter circuitry which can send the data to a main memory of the GPU compute node and which can send coherence information to a coherence directory of the GPU compute node based on the data. The GPU compute node also includes a GPU which includes GPU receiver circuitry which can receive the coherence information; GPU processing circuitry which can determine, based on the coherence information, whether the data satisfies a heuristic; and GPU loading circuitry which can load the data into a cache of the GPU from the main memory if on the data satisfies the heuristic.

Abstract: Systems and methods for establishing, configuring, and operating multi-access edge computing (MEC) services and service consumption through zoning hosts in multi-vendor or multi-system environments. An apparatus operating as a MEC orchestrator to manage services consumption using zones is configurable to perform operations to: receive, from an application executing at a host, a request for a list of services and corresponding proximity zones; in response to receiving the request for the list of services, query a plurality of hosts for performance metrics of respective services offered from the plurality of hosts, the respective services to be used by the application executing at the host; construct a zone map, the zone map maintaining a mapping between the application and the plurality of hosts based on the performance metrics; and manage migration of the application or a service of the respective services, based on the zone map, to ensure QoS of the application.

Abstract: A communication system includes one or more chargers and a server capable of communicating with the one or more chargers. The server obtains first information from a first vehicle via a first charger included in the one or more chargers, during charging of the first vehicle by the first charger, and supplies second information based on the first information to a second vehicle via a second charger included in the one or more chargers, during charging of the second vehicle by the second charger.

Abstract: Methods and devices for dynamically designated first and second subsets of a plurality of frequency channels as upstream and downstream channels, respectively, for performing wired communications using virtual segmentation between a network controller and an endpoint device. performing virtual segmentation to service an endpoint device. Communications are performed between the network controller and the endpoint device through a wired communication medium using the upstream and downstream channels. The first subset and second subsets of the plurality of channels are designated as upstream channels and downstream channels, respectively, based at least in part on one or both of upstream and downstream channel demand and channel availability.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an artificial intelligence server for updating an artificial intelligence model by merging a plurality of pieces of update information including a memory configured to store a first artificial intelligence model, a communication modem configured to communicate with a plurality of artificial intelligence apparatuses, and a processor configured to transmit the first artificial intelligence model to the plurality of artificial intelligence apparatuses, receive, from at least one of the plurality of artificial intelligence apparatuses, first update information of the first artificial intelligence model or second update information of a second artificial intelligence model updated from the first artificial intelligence model, select third update information to be used to update the first artificial intelligence model from the first update information and the second update information, and update the first artificial intelligence model using the third update information.

Abstract: A method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided for wireless communication. The apparatus receives data traffic from an application layer and assigns at least one Quality of Service (QoS) flow identifier (ID) for the data traffic based on radio resources information for the data traffic. The data packets for transmission with different radio resources are assigned different QoS flow IDs.

Abstract: A method performed by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system is provided. The method may include: receiving, from a network entity, information associated with one or more quality of service (QoS) rules; checking the information associated with the one or more QoS rules, for a QoS rule associated with a non-default QoS rule and for the QoS rule with a rule operation different from deleting the QoS rule; in case that the UE is in a narrow band (NB)-N1 mode, the QoS rule is associated with the non-default QoS rule and the rule operation is different from deleting the QoS rule, detecting the QoS rule as an error; and transmitting, to the network entity, a protocol data unit (PDU) session modification request message to delete the detected QoS rule.

Abstract: A method of data communication service to a wireless communication device, comprising receiving a first communication session initiation message by a communication gateway from a wireless communication device, wherein the first communication session initiation message provides no access point name (APN) or provides a default APN, based on the first communication session initiation message providing no APN or providing a default APN, sending the first communication session initiation message by the communication gateway to an APN allocation server, parsing the first communication session initiation message by the APN allocation server to determine a destination identity of the first communication session initiation message and to determine an identity of the wireless communication device, looking up a communication policy by the APN allocation server, looking up by the APN allocation server an APN associated with the communication policy, sending the APN by the APN allocation server to the wireless communicati

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed herein for performing a time-triggered distribution of messages from a region of networked machines to multiple destinations. In an embodiment, the system runs a software-based synchronization process to synchronize each of a plurality of gateways with a reference clock, wherein each gateway is a machine on a perimeter of the region of networked machines and is connected to transmit messages to multiple destinations. The gateways receive messages from within the region of networked machines for distribution to multiple destinations outside the region of networked machines according to a distribution schedule based on absolute time relative to the reference clock. The gateways perform the distribution of received messages, wherein each gateway determines absolute time based on that gateway's synchronization with the reference clock.

Abstract: A packet transmission method, including receiving, by a session management function network element, first access network tunnel information and second access network tunnel information that correspond to a first service, and sending a downlink forwarding rule to a user plane function network element, where the downlink forwarding rule includes the first access network tunnel information and the second access network tunnel information, and the downlink forwarding rule indicates the user plane function network element to replicate a received downlink packet of the first service, and send downlink packets of the first service through two paths respectively corresponding to the first access network tunnel information and the second access network tunnel information.

Abstract: A software and/or hardware facility for scoring the quality of traffic to a site accessible via the Internet or other network. The facility extracts data from one or more data logs that are obtained from a publisher, advertiser, or third party. A multi-factor analysis in the form of a rule set is applied by the facility to the data. The analysis of the data identifies agent actions that are desirable to a publisher, advertiser, or third party. The facility generates a relative score for each agent action. The score may be used to assess the quality of traffic received by a network site. Lower scores are indicative of traffic having little value, whereas higher scores are indicative of traffic having greater value. The score may be provided to an advertising network and used to charge a variable amount for advertisements based on the quality of traffic that the advertisements receive.

Abstract: A computerized method of delivering data to one or more client computing devices includes receiving, by a server computing device, a data stream starting at a first time; processing, by the server computing device, the data stream, thereby creating a processed data stream; transmitting, by the server computing device, via a wireless network in electronic communication with the server computing device, the processed data stream to the one or more client computing devices; and interpreting, by an application installed on the one or more client computing devices, the processed data stream, thereby recovering the data stream for use by the one or more client computing devices. A latency between the first time and the second time is less than 100 milliseconds.

Abstract: Various embodiments comprise systems, methods, and apparatus for a radio access network (RAN) Network Repository Function (RNRF) configured to receive gNB feature/capability information from gNB formed by network RAN, store the received gNB feature/capability information, and provide gNB feature/capability information to requesting core network nodes or functions so that these nodes/functions may adapt/configure their operation or the services they provide in response to the gNB capabilities.

Abstract: A method and system for communication between devices includes connecting a plurality of communication devices through a communication system. At least one communication device acts as a source entity sending a plurality of data packets to an access point. A plurality of communication devices act as destination entities receiving the data packets. The data packets are distributed, by the access point, to the destination entities in such a way that the data packets are queued for receipt by each destination entity in a separate non-interdependent queue.

Abstract: A safety mechanism device includes measuring whether a first output signal or results meets dynamically adjustable boundary criterion. The safety mechanism compares the first output signal with at least one boundary signal that is dynamically adjusted. The safety mechanism can produce a dynamically or automatically adjusted boundary signal using a second output signal. The second output signal can mimic the first output signal.

Abstract: Systems, methods, devices, and other techniques for managing a computing resource shared by a set of online entities. A system can receive a request from a first online entity to reserve capacity of the computing resource. The system determines a relative priority of the first online entity and identifies a reservation zone that corresponds to the relative priority of the first online entity. The system determines whether to satisfy the request based on comparing (i) an amount of the requested capacity of the computing resource and (ii) an amount of the portion of unused capacity of the computing resource designated by the reservation zone that online entities having relative priorities at or below the relative priority of the first online entity are permitted to reserve.

Abstract: A new audio quality assessment system includes an assessment system running in a receiver system of a VoIP communication system. The new audio quality assessment system determines an accurate MOS of a VoIP call within a time window. The audio quality assessment system determines an effective PLC counter, a PLC impact factor, an effective AS counter, an AS impact factor, a network impact factor, a codec type of the received voice packets, a bitrate of the received voice packets, an initial MOS from a configured codec-bitrate MOS table, and determines the accurate MOS based on these data. The determined MOS is more accurate and efficiently obtained since it is based on efficiently collected statistics of the receiver system's modules and a pre-configured codec-bitrate MOS table.

Abstract: There is disclosed in one example a radio access network (RAN) user plane processing entity (UPPE) for a mobile data network, including: a hardware platform; a virtual switch to operate on the hardware platform; a network interface to communicatively couple to a local server; and a software defined networking controller, including a radio access network (RAN) control plane (CP) sniffer, and configured to: receive a control plane traffic offloading rule via a northbound interface, the traffic offloading rule configured to offload a class of traffic to the local server; operate the RAN CP sniffer to build a user-plane flow control message according to the offloading rule; and send the flow control message to the virtual switch.