Abstract: An apparatus includes a first circuit and a second circuit. The first circuit may be configured to traverse a list of connected components forming an object. The list generally comprises object IDs and link pointers for each component of the object. The link pointers generally identify links from a current leaf component to a root component of the object. The second circuit may be configured to modify at least the link pointer associated with the current leaf component to point to the root component.

Abstract: A network system for a data center is described in which a switch fabric provides full mesh interconnectivity such that any servers may communicate packet data to any other of the servers using any of a number of parallel data paths. Moreover, according to the techniques described herein, edge-positioned access nodes, permutation devices and core switches of the switch fabric may be configured and arranged in a way such that the parallel data paths provide single L2/L3 hop, full mesh interconnections between any pairwise combination of the access nodes, even in massive data centers having tens of thousands of servers. The access nodes may be arranged within access node groups, and permutation devices may be used within the access node groups to spray packets across the access node groups prior to injection within the switch fabric, thereby increasing the fanout and scalability of the network system.

Abstract: Methods and network devices are disclosed relating to a multi-area communication network employing bit indexed explicit replication (BIER). In one embodiment, a method includes receiving, at a node in a communications network, a message comprising a first message bit array. The method further includes detecting a bit value of a first relative bit position in the first message bit array, where the first relative bit position represents a first group of destination nodes in the communications network, and evaluating the bit value of the first relative bit position in order to determine whether to encapsulate the received message for delivery to the first group of destination nodes. An embodiment of a network device comprises a processor adapted to implement an embodiment of the method.

Abstract: A method for automatically initializing a network device, a remote server, and a network system using the method are provided. The remote server is connected to a switch via a network. The remote server obtains a port number of a port at which the network device is connected to the switch and a forwarding table from the switch. The remote server analyzes the forwarding table according to the port number of the port at which the network device is connected to the switch to obtain an identifier of a remote management controller of the network device. The remote server assigns and transmits a network address of the remote management controller to the remote management controller of the network device according to the identifier of the remote management controller.

Abstract: Routing a circuit design for implementation in an integrated circuit having a programmable network on chip can include determining Quality of Service (QOS) parameters for data flows of a circuit design, wherein the data flows involve transfers of data between masters and slaves through the programmable network on chip and generating, using a processor, an expression having a plurality of variables representing the data flows, routing constraints, and the QOS parameters. A routing solution can be determined using the processor for the data flows of the circuit design by initiating execution of a SAT solver using the expression.

Abstract: Known geospatial device coordinates are clustered using a machine learning-based clustering algorithm into device clusters with cluster centroids. Each device cluster corresponds to a geographical location. Each cluster centroid is annotated with a regional floor-height value of the respective geographical location. Current device data of a device, including latitude, longitude, and elevation, are received, and a geographic location of the device is determined using the latitude and longitude. An approximate current floor upon which the first device is located is determined by mapping the current device data of the first device to a closest cluster centroid, and calculating the approximate current floor using the elevation of the first device and the annotated regional floor-height value of the closest cluster centroid. An individual is directed to the device's geographic location and approximate current floor.

Abstract: Methods and network devices are disclosed for replication and switching of Internet Protocol (IP) packets in professional media networks. In one embodiment, a method includes encapsulating a unicast IP packet with a packet bit array and forwarding the encapsulated packet via a replication fabric within a network. In this embodiment, each receiver of a plurality of receivers reachable via the replication fabric is represented by a relative bit position in the packet bit array, a respective IP address is assigned to each receiver of the plurality of receivers, and the replication fabric is adapted to store disposition information mapping a relative bit position representing one or more of the plurality of receivers to IP addresses assigned to the one or more of the plurality of receivers. An embodiment of a network device includes a processor operably coupled to a network interface and adapted to perform steps of the method.

Abstract: Described technologies automatically detect candidate networks having external nodes which communicate with nodes of a local network; a candidate external network can be identified even when the external nodes are owned by a different entity than the local network's owner. A list of network addresses which communicated with local network nodes is culled to obtain addresses likely to communicate in the future. A graph of local and external nodes is built, and connection strengths are assessed. A candidate network is identified, based on criteria such as connection frequency and duration, domain membership, address stability, address proximity, and others, using cutoff values that are set by default or by user action. The candidate network identification is then utilized as a basis for improved security though virtual private network establishment, improved bandwidth allocation, improved traffic anomaly detection, or network consolidation, for example.

Abstract: Technologies for distributed table lookup via a distributed router includes an ingress computing node, an intermediate computing node, and an egress computing node. Each computing node of the distributed router includes a forwarding table to store a different set of network routing entries obtained from a routing table of the distributed router. The ingress computing node generates a hash key based on the destination address included in a received network packet. The hash key identifies the intermediate computing node of the distributed router that stores the forwarding table that includes a network routing entry corresponding to the destination address. The ingress computing node forwards the received network packet to the intermediate computing node for routing. The intermediate computing node receives the forwarded network packet, determines a destination address of the network packet, and determines the egress computing node for transmission of the network packet from the distributed router.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method comprises receiving, by a network device within a tree-based topology rooted by a root network device, a request message from a child network device for generating an optimized tree-based topology for a future use by the child network device at a future time instance; the network device executing an objective function for generating the optimized tree-based topology for the future use by the child network device; and the network device providing network communications, for the child network device, at the future time instance using the optimized tree-based topology.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of connection of home appliance to a network, a network-connection system for home appliances, and an apparatus related to a network-connection setting for home appliances. The network connection method of home appliance includes an operation in which a terminal device receives an input of an authentication key of an access point (AP) apparatus and the terminal device or the AP apparatus verifies and authenticates the authentication key; an operation in which a home appliance is set to be in a state of communicating with the terminal device; an operation in which the home appliance is interconnected to the terminal device and the terminal device transmits an identification number and the certificated authentication key of the AP apparatus to the home appliance; and an operation in which the home appliance is connected to the AP apparatus based on the identification number and the authentication key of the AP apparatus.

Abstract: An Application Data Delivery Service (ADDS) facilitates application data transfer between applications that may reside in a device domain (e.g., M2M/MTC devices and gateways) and applications residing in a network domain (e.g., an AS or SCS). The ADDS leverages existing 3GPP transport mechanisms, such as NAS, SMS, USSD, and User Plane, and it is configured to select a transport mechanism for delivering application data based on criteria, such as application data characteristics, application/end node characteristics and availability, subscription information, policies of the network, network conditions (such as congestion, node availability) and the like.

Abstract: A server computer sets a priority order of each of contents based on an attribute of each of the contents designated by HTML data and provides the HTML data including the priority order with a client computer. The client computer acquires the contents from the server computer by using streams with priorities depending on the priority order of each of the contents designated by the HTML data provided from the server computer. The client computer controls display using a part of the contents and caches other contents from among the acquired contents.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus is configured to receive a request for communication between a first node and a second node included in a parallel calculation system, acquire job execution information relating a job to be executed by the parallel calculation system, generate connected graph information based on first information on the first node, second information on the second node, the job execution information, and topology information indicating a topology of the plurality of nodes, generate, based on the connected graph information, route information indicating a plurality of routes used when the communication between the first node and the second node is executed, specify, based on the route information, a route having the lowest passing cost among the plurality of routes; and specify a node included in the specified route as a relay node based on positions of the plurality of nodes in the specified route.

Abstract: A control plane of a network, including radios of a radio access network controlled by the control plane and user plane functions controlled by the control plane, establishes first and second protocol data unit (PDU) connections each to handle the same flows of traffic for ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC) from user equipment to a data network through first and second source radios, respectively. Due to mobility of the user equipment, the control plane relocates the flows from the first and second source radios to first and second target radios, respectively. To relocate the flows, the control plane receives from the first target radio a notification that identifies flows that cannot be activated on the first target radio. In response to the notification, the control plane commands the first target radio to prioritize the flows that cannot be activated above remaining ones of the flows.

Abstract: Various aspects of the disclosure relate to channel sensing for independent links. In some aspects, the independent links may involve a first device (e.g., a user equipment) communicating via different independent links with different devices (e.g., transmit receive points (TRPs) or sets of TRPs). For example, the first device may communicate with a second device (e.g., a first TRP) via a first link and communicate with a third device (e.g., a second TRP) via a second link. In some scenarios, first channel sensing information may be obtained for the first link and second channel sensing information may be obtained for the second link. In some aspects, a decision of whether to transmit via one or more of the links may be based on the channel sensing on one or more of the links. In some cases, the links may be grouped together as a channel sensing group.

Abstract: A method and apparatus may be used for WiFi sectorization medium access control enhancement (WiSE MAC). An IEEE 802.11 STA may receive an omni-directional indication of a first sectorized transmission opportunity (TXOP) associated with a second STA. The omni-directional indication may include an identifier (ID) of a first sector associated with the first sectorized TXOP. The STA may transmit a directional indication of a second sectorized TXOP a condition that a second sector associated with the second sectorized TXOP does not interfere with the first sector associated with the first sectorized TXOP.

Abstract: A packet processing method and an apparatus, where the method includes determining a to-be-installed flow entry and packet sending information, and sending, to a switch, a flow entry installation message carrying the to-be-installed flow entry and the packet sending information, such that the switch obtains the to-be-installed flow entry and the packet sending information from the flow entry installation message, installs the flow entry, and sends a packet according to the packet sending information. In the present disclosure, a controller sends a flow entry installation message carrying a to-be-installed flow entry and a packet sending message, where the to-be-installed flow entry and a to-be-sent packet are simultaneously sent, such that a switch simultaneously receives the to-be-installed flow entry and the to-be-sent packet, and performs flow entry installation and packet sending.

Abstract: A method for transmitting a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) and a device using the same are provided. The device receives a trigger frame for requesting a transmission of a response PPDU and transmits the response PPDU. A duration of the response PPDU is calculated based on a duration of the trigger frame.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus includes a controller. The controller controls display of a function of one device if the one device is photographed and controls display of a cooperative function that uses functions of plural devices if the plural devices are photographed.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable storage media for providing a notification system are disclosed. The notification system may be configured to select one or more notification requests from each of a plurality of notification request queues, and generate a plurality of attempts for each of the one or more selected notification requests. The attempts may be assigned to one of a first plurality of attempt queues, and flow control logic may be executed against the first plurality of attempt queues to dynamically select attempts for transmission from among the first plurality of attempt queues. Selected attempts are inserted into one of a second plurality of attempt queues, and a plurality of connectors may be configured to select attempts from the second plurality of attempts queues for transmission via a communication channel.

Abstract: Embodiments provide an access method and a device, where the method includes: determining that N second receiving devices communicate with a second sending device by using a radio resource, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; obtaining a receive effective channel vector from each second receiving device to a first sending device; obtaining a transmit antenna spatial correlation matrix of the first sending device; determining M transmit vectors; and separately communicating, by the first sending device, with K first receiving devices by using K of the M transmit vectors, where K is a positive integer less than or equal to M. According to the foregoing technical solutions, in a case in which the radio resource has been occupied by the second receiving device, the first sending device can send data by using the radio resource.

Abstract: A method and system for interacting with data frames passing through a module connected to an industrial network is disclosed. Each module includes an aggregation unit located on the network interface above the physical layer. To transmit data, the aggregation unit reads a header from a dynamic data packet to determine if the module is a participant module for the packet. If so, the aggregation unit inserts data from the module into the data packet and transmits the packet to another module. To receive data, the aggregation unit reads a header from the data packet to determine whether the data packet includes data for the module. If so, the aggregation unit reads the data and passes the data packet to another module. If the aggregation unit determines that a data packet is not intended for the module, the data packet is passed to another module with no further interaction.

Abstract: Methods, devices and program instructions are disclosed for performing bit indexed explicit replication (BIER) including fast reroute capability. One embodiment of a method includes receiving, from an egress node of a BIER network, an advertisement at a forwarding node, where the advertisement identifies a mapping of the egress node to a bit position of a packet bit string to be carried by a packet through the network. The embodiment further includes generating or updating a primary entry for the egress node in a bit indexed routing table (BIRT) for the forwarding node, and determining whether a backup entry for the egress node is to be included in the BIRT. In response to a determination that a backup entry is to be included, the embodiment further includes generating or updating the backup entry in the BIRT.

Abstract: A unit is connected to both devices to be controlled and the other unit. The unit includes a control unit connected to the devices to be controlled, and a shared memory to be capable of storing therein information. The control unit allocates control data related to the devices to be controlled to the shared memory of its own unit and the shared memory of the other unit so as to be stored respectively in the shared memories.

Abstract: A system for efficient routing of an OAM) frame in an Ethernet switch receives an OAM frame at a first port; building a first classification key dependent on an OAM frame header; classifies in a context of the first port to create a first classification; resolves action dependent on the first classification; modifies the first classification key to create a second classification key; classifies the frame in a context of the second port to create a second classification; sends the second classification key to an OAM engine coupled to the Ethernet switch for modification into a third classification key; receives the third classification key from the OAM engine; modifies the third classification key into a final classification key; modifies the header of the OAM frame with the final classification key; and sends the modified OAM frame to a switching fabric of the Ethernet switch.

Abstract: A method and a first node for managing processing of an audio stream as well as a method and a second node for enabling management, by a first node, of processing of an audio stream and corresponding computer programs and computer program products are disclosed. The audio stream is receivable from the second node. The first node sends, to the second node, information relating to at least one preference concerning acoustic characteristics of the audio stream. The second node processes the audio stream in response to the information relating to the at least one preference concerning the acoustic characteristics. The second node transmits the audio stream to the first node.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method, in particular a time controlled error-tolerant method, for periodically transporting real-time data in a computer system, in particular in a distributed computer system, said computer system comprising node computers (111-116), in particular a plurality of node computers (111-116), and distributor units (131, 132, 133, 151), in particular a plurality of distributor units (131, 132, 133, 151). The node computers and the distributor units have access to a global time, and real-time data is transported by means of messages, preferably by means of time-controlled real-time messages. The topology of the computer system corresponds to an intree, and node computers (111-116), are arranged on the leaves of the intree.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable media are provided for determining whether a node in a network is a server or a client. In some examples, a system can collect, from one or more sensors that monitor at least part of data traffic being transmitted via a pair of nodes in a network, information of the data traffic. The system can analyze attributes of the data traffic such as timing, port magnitude, degree of communication, historical data, etc. Based on analysis results and a predetermined rule associated with the attributes, the system can determine which node of the pair of nodes is a client and which node is a server.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method including receiving, from a user application, data to be transmitted from a source address to a destination address using a single connection through a network; and splitting the data into a plurality of packets according to a communication protocol. For each packet of the plurality of packets, a respective flowlet for the packet to be transmitted in is determined from a plurality of flowlets; a field in the packet used by a network switch of the network to route the packet is set based on the determined flowlet for the packet; and the packet is sent via the determined flowlet for transmitting through the network.

Abstract: Methods, devices and computer readable storage media for performing bit indexed explicit replication (BIER) are disclosed. One embodiment of a method includes receiving, at an ingress node of a network, a data packet comprising a multicast group identifier. This embodiment also includes obtaining, from a group membership table, a bit mask corresponding to the multicast group identifier. The bit mask comprises a plurality of bit positions, and each bit position corresponds to a respective egress node of the network. The embodiment also includes encapsulating the data packet with the bit mask and forwarding the encapsulated data packet using the bit mask.

Abstract: A device is disclosed that includes software components for executing actions and for controlling the device in order to conform to specified policies. The device includes a controller to deny or permit execution of actions. The controller monitors and interrupts execution of device's actions in order to determine whether an action violates a policy, policy rules, or if the action is prohibited by a policy. The controller also manages policies defined for the device. Each policy is translated into a language understandable by the controller and stored on the device. Each policy can be updated or changed dynamically. Additionally, each policy can securely be updated or changed remotely.

Abstract: A malicious communication pattern extraction apparatus extracts communication patterns of traffic group of malwares, and replaces the values of predetermined field with variation in a traffic group with a wild card. Further, the malicious communication pattern extraction apparatus classifies pieces of malware having similar communication patterns in the traffic group into the same cluster, and for each cluster, extracts, as a malicious communication pattern, a communication pattern group having an appearance rate in a traffic group of respective pieces of malware in the cluster, the appearance rate being equal to or larger than a predetermined value. Thereafter, the malicious communication pattern extraction apparatus eliminates, from the extracted malicious communication patterns, any malicious communication pattern having a conformance rate to a traffic group not infected with malware, the conformance rate being equal to or larger than a predetermined value.

Abstract: A network device may identify first interfaces used by the network device to communicate with other network devices. The network device may use second interfaces to communicate with multicast receiver devices that are different from the other network devices. The network device may store information that identifies the first interfaces used to communicate with the other network devices. The network device may receive a packet, and may determine that the packet includes a bidirectional forwarding detection message, associated with a bidirectional forwarding detection protocol, to be used to verify multicast connectivity with a multicast source device. The network device may identify the first interfaces based on the stored information and based on determining that the packet includes the bidirectional forwarding detection message, and may transmit the packet via the first interfaces without transmitting the packet via the second interfaces.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method whereby a transmission device transmits a packet in a multimedia communication system, the method comprising the steps of: generating a packet; and transmitting the packet to a reception device, wherein the packet comprises two or more data units which can be independently decoded by the reception device, and one of the two or more data units comprises control information related to the packet.

Abstract: Various systems and methods for performing bit indexed explicit replication (BIER). For example, one method involves receiving a membership request at a node. The membership request is received from a host and the membership request identifies a multicast group. In response to receiving the membership request, the node generates a membership message. The membership message includes information identifying the multicast group and information identifying the node. The node transmits the membership to an overlay participant that stores a bit string associated with the multicast group.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an indication information transmission method and apparatus. The method includes determining a first signature sequence and a first modulation constellation that are used to transmit a first downlink data stream to a terminal device and determining one or more second signature sequences and one or more second modulation constellations that are used to transmit a second downlink data stream. The method also includes determining indication information that is used to indicate the first signature sequence, the first modulation constellation, the one or more second signature sequences, and the one or more second modulation constellations and transmitting the indication information to the terminal device.

Abstract: A method may include receiving a hub ID configuration preference message from a control device, wherein the hub ID configuration preference message includes an order in which to connect to network hubs that are associated with the hub IDs; selecting the first hub ID from the hub ID configuration preference message based on the first connection priority having a higher priority as compared to the second connection priority; identifying a first set of network hubs that are associated with the first hub ID; establishing a connection with at least one network hub associated with the first hub ID; in response to identifying a triggering event, selecting the second hub ID from the hub ID configuration preference message; identifying a second set of network hubs that are associated with the second hub ID; and establishing a connection with at least one network hub associated with the second hub ID.

Abstract: A scheduling function node (SF) uses the beams available for each WCD to avoid scheduling a transmission that would imply that interference between WCDs is created. In the simplest form such a scheme could be described as follows: (1) avoid scheduling transmission in directions that coincide between WCDs (here, a direction would typically be represented by both azimuth and elevation angles) and (2) when the available beam directions do not allow interference avoidance, accounting for this fact and exploiting other types of orthogonality in the scheduling of time-frequency resources.

Abstract: Improved AFDX switches can handle various types of data traffics beyond a predefined AFDX related communication protocol. An AFDX switch can determine a mismatch between a MAC address of a received data frame and a MAC address constant specific to the predefined AFDX related protocol. In response to the mismatch, the AFDX switch can determine a data traffic type associated with the data frame based on a first portion of a header of the data frame. The AFDX switch can compare, responsive to determining a data traffic type associated with the data frame, a second portion of the header of the data frame to identifiers of a plurality of communication flows. Responsive to identifying a communication flow with a matching identifier, the AFDX switch can route the data frame based on communication flow parameters of the identified communication flow.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for domain decomposition in computer simulations using an m-dimensional space-partitioning tree. The domain decomposition may be used in load balancing. Each subdomain boundary is adjusted according to its assigned computer node capability such that its load matches its capability. The subdomain simulation load may be acquired from predictive estimates or from actual measurement during the simulation execution. The load balancing domain decomposition may be done before the simulation starts or during the simulation.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for evaluating the utilization of communications features. In one aspect, a method includes identifying, for a particular organization, a set of communications features that are included in a communications service that is provided to the particular organization. Usage levels of communications features by members of the organization are determined. Based on the usage levels a determination is made that the at least one of the communications features is being underutilized. An updated set of communications features that removes the at least one of the communications features from the communications service that is provided to the particular organization is selected. Data that changes the set of communications features provided to the particular organization based, at least in part on the updated set of communications features are generated.

Abstract: A radio communication system includes: slave devices which repetitively transmit, a plurality of times, a radio signal with a prescribed frequency that includes device identification information during a radio communication with a master device; a master device which generates communication situation information including a reception success rate and received signal strength of a radio signal during each radio communication from each slave device; and a failure factor estimation apparatus which, based on communication situation information with respect to a plurality of radio communications including a radio communication in which a communication failure of the received signal strength is lower than prescribed strength and/or the reception success rate is lower than a prescribed rate has occurred, generates and outputs failure factor presentation information indicating a failure inducer estimated to have induced the communication failure and an estimation result of a position of the failure inducer.

Abstract: Apparatuses, methods and computer programs for estimating a multi-hop radio channel between a transmitter, one or more relay stations, and a receiver in a mobile communication system. The apparatus includes one or more interfaces to obtain information related to a position and a state of movement of the transmitter and receiver, information related to an environment of the transmitter, the receiver, and the one or more relay stations, information related to channel state feedback of single-hop radio channels between the transmitter, the receiver, and the one or more relay stations, and information related to delays of the channel state feedback. The apparatus also includes a control module to control the one or more.

Abstract: Example methods are provided to perform traffic forwarding between geographically dispersed first site and second site and to support traffic forwarding via a trunk interface. In one example, the method may comprise receiving, by a first edge device at the first site, network traffic comprising a plurality of packets via a trunk interface of the first edge device from a virtual tunnel endpoint, the virtual tunnel endpoint having decapsulated the packets prior to communicating the packets through the trunk interface. The method may further comprise reading an overlay network identifier from each of the packets to identify a source overlay network of the received network traffic from the multiple overlay networks; modifying each of the packets to include a virtual local area network (VLAN) identifier; and forwarding modified network traffic to a second edge device at the second site to identify the destination network based on the VLAN identifier.

Abstract: A method, computer program product and a user equipment (UE) are provided for selecting a second network node for connection. A first message is sent to a first network node. The first message includes UE request capabilities. A second message is received from the first network node. The second message includes an indication. A second network node is selected for connecting to the network based on the received indication. The second network node may be an Evolved Packet Data Gateway (ePDG). The UE request capabilities may indicate ePDG selection and/or allow discovery of details of one or more ePDGs for connection. the indication contains at least one of a Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) or an indication that the UE must attempt to connect using only an ePDG belonging to a Registered Public Land Mobile Network (RPLMN).

Abstract: A disclosed method may include (1) providing a network stack that includes both a native stack and a proprietary stack, (2) implementing at least one socket that represents an endpoint of a communication channel between a network device and a computing device, (3) identifying at least one packet to be forwarded from the network device to the computing device via the socket, (4) configuring the network stack such that (A) the native stack discovers a maximum transmission unit of a network path between the network device and the computing device in connection with the socket and (B) the proprietary stack fragments the packet into a plurality of segments that each comply with the maximum transmission unit of the network path, and then (5) forwarding, along the network path, the segments to the computing device. Various other systems and methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: A network device stores in its nonvolatile memory, in response to detecting a power outage in a tree-based network, an identifier for a preferred parent and a distance identifier for the network device within the network. In response to power restoration, the network device starts a trickle timer based on the ring identifier, for determining whether a beacon request from a transmitting node and destined for the preferred parent is detected during the waiting interval. In response to the network device detecting the beacon request during the waiting interval, the network device sets its channel hopping schedule to the corresponding channel hopping schedule of the transmitting node in response to determining the beacon request is destined for the preferred parent, enabling rejoining with the preferred parent in response to detecting a beacon from the preferred parent to the transmitting node via the corresponding channel hopping schedule of the transmitting node.

Abstract: An automated computer implemented method and system for determining balanced traffic flows comprises: automatically identifying, via a computer processor, current device count configuration for a communication link comprising a first end point and a second end point where the communication link is part of a network; determining a flow intensity for the communication link wherein the flow intensity comprises a first transmit intensity and a first receive intensity for the first end point and a second transmit intensity and a second receive intensity for the second end point; determining a flow matrix for the communication link where the flow matrix is proportional to the flow intensity of the first end point and the second end point; and providing the flow matrix to a network capacity planning tool for flow matrix deployment for the network.

Abstract: A network element (NE) is configured to act as a parent controller. The NE receives connection and access point messages from a plurality of child controllers each child controller controlling one or more network domains. The connection and access point messages indicate inter-domain links and access points for the network domains. The NE receives requests to compute a path from a source to a destination traversing one or more of the network domains. The NE computes the path from the source to the destination via the network domains, and transmits a create tunnel segment message to the child controllers controlling network domains along the path. The create tunnel messages instruct the child controllers to create one or more tunnel segments to forward communications from the source to the destination along the path.